ThE AMiIIGIAN DA~IL v i i tcrr: i , .1% (.i iy i;r#:z - --- ---M- U ~ 94 votingsTstem ere no surprise to anyone who ] tng, to do with at camPlIs 'hi . declaration was of an investigation of the out by SL members ant campus ,groups, TheyY lessening of the evils of' 1 oeVoting Sthat the bloc resentation, because it requires voting I'or t~o stay carne an: large niumber of candidates, &twoin'- hag ever hlad aniT1 ages tic voting of sate g or ii-kets, far- elvco i, is prf"Vectly obvoius that Ino voter cart the P ren h possibly hnv o i be cue acquainted i010, problem ecarried 201 or 30 candidtes" I leader or A The idea w i,itl~ligent'' b xlc rt jog It I leder of i JP11CC ill CamiUpu plitieC trs t 115,he (it- recommended :t bloc voti by I rrisSfdlso aonf, with the then ihous plan, n 4n~ano¢ . .n~rti a:. ridiculous. meam of a system of openl UjiL IIUNIs;( LiritFi)g which the student would presumably be- come acquainted with the candidates for whom he would vote. This, of course, is just so muich wishful thinking. Although studrent interest in cam- pus politics leas now reached i(.5 Highest; pint in years.7 it is ,absurd Ilo suppose tat any Imorefthtan 5i:verv fe w student woauld take- th1wtrouble to atltenda ' meet your candeidaIte' ta Even if a substantial numiber didI attend such a function, it is difficult to see bow a handclasp or a brief 'howdy' can aid the voter in making ar rational judgment. Clearly there is no solution to the block voting problem under the present eleetion setup. The 'Hare System of proportionate rep- LZlorials jiIhished in The Michigan Daily dre written by members of T1he Daily staff and represent the vivns of t he 7oriters Only. NIGHT EDITOR: PHIL DAWSON A part~y , ysi em. wi ujul is xvilo bevol ii ug i 10t1aly is, 15 tiseftiI only mi'hei thre ,:tilt, two,sharply deffined and d iverg~eiit, Opinion, r oialsput frwardl. We like to think thait; the daylr of strife tweeti-n the affilid ted stu~leni ifl ud th e in- iseipendenjt is goi ue." Sppose(dly these .w0 Camps no ,10lon-g-erhvecflc Jg110. I tier botl the :i udepem iden t a1[1 telii te(sri te letter rna :ip. u' orkilt Io~ itagrc tl forinu o i stldet ,prt i lip tiolm iii thec ft~r1 ylitticl l f Ltivtsrsi ty i~lli(~V Any (isscl-sioiltI~etween tilt-two KniiIti will hinder the attainmnitrt of this "omnnion Jt (a I. since tit(,oily practival jrwu pint of piolitical ji(w4' alltlit achie-ved almig litres of social Affilia (ioll, the ("OlutiliotIOfi of the bloc Voting system i s its jplaces iri this camlypuls. T be only solution of th~e problem appeatrs kto lie inl the inaugu ration of an electionl system Which redtices the nilI nbf~i of cn didates for wiihia,3,studieenltl . ay vtte. fthi5 will tend to resul t in li t, electioliniOt cani di-dates who are it least, fainilir rto the twoptle who vot ed for thei. cuRRJI At the Orpheuiit . HER FIRST AFFAIR, Danielle Darrieux ;andl Louis Jourdan. H OLLYWOOD, which under the restrain- ing influence of the Johnson office, likes its sex 'cold 'and neat, could never have turned out the offering at the Orpheum this week. Her First Affair is warms and untidy and French; delightful entertain- ment for all tastes short of the Puritan. At first glance the plot verges precariously on the edge of a Deanna Durbin epic: the inmate of a girl's orphanage corresponding with an unidentified "friend" through the want ads; then escaping the orphanage to discover that the friend is a harmless, iniddle-age literary professor. Further comn- plications, however, make Miss Durbin's moist risque efforts look like a half -way excursion with the Girl Scouts. (How should I know, you ask?) The professor has a youthful and very handsome protege living with him in a two-bedroom cottage oan the campus of a college devoted exclusively to men; yet, (no obstacle too great) hie invites the adult orphan to live with him. It doesn't tape a, finely developed imagination to grasp the peril in THAT situation. Many interest- ing moments arise; not all relevant to the plot but equally hilarious. Not too surprisingly Hcr First Affair ex- hibits no scarcity of talent,. Miss D'arrieux, in spite of the fact that 1this reviewer was unable to consciously associat~e her with an orphana ge, exerts a thorough ly (101-n pet ent effort to appear (towc~y and uninformed. (How to cope with men with "idea1s," in particular). It is gratifying to discover that she does not permit such obviously eloquent physical assets "sit in" for histrionics. The two college professors are both excellent. And of course, there is Louis Jourdan. Her First Affair represents his first appearance in the movie industry, and I fear that the evidence indicates his artistry to be exclu- sively in his beauty. Judging from. the squeals of the audience every time Mr. Jourdan so much as flexes a mu7tscle, this is no cause for regret. Although inuch might have been lost inl the translation of the dialogue to0 English, for occasional moments the sutb-t j is ox- hibit a charm all t heir own. I ofler, for special reference, the dialogue offeieo iln conjunction with the first kiss exchanged between Miss Darrieux and Mr. Jourdan. It is an unqualified show-stopper. Empty Sealts _NjT'flfi(AN' HIOCKTEY "SQ(JA1,Hie Ohly team i ) will0 ti rVit el' s.oti 5 cbS rpion li lo 1V'fedto ill a rel i ih aseting# INicla ig.a~ttb asket al stit l itl a firishedhuill te firs division of the West- mla nages to tday before 8.00011 spetatrs i jthe rafters f 'ot ideft lhouse are ilstegi off and t,,edwi asstai ding ,'rotlo. A a lrestu Ii'( 1thle fi rt step of a I lielic 1 epans~ion, thle Atl ietic Administra tot has annolneedt II il1. e existing football fa- ciliitie> will be e~xla lidvd to1 a seatng ca- paclitv of 97,000 ibs s il well, wh enl youz (Ot iider Iiia I ffoot ball is; Hieiii bigest, sol rue Of athletcu 1reven: iadthat~t tlt 11,600h additional seats Will Op 11c i ti e i rcipt'<. z li'f'atl~r ferbte A t .anifehr yex'!. ~r a Hiowever marly Stdents aaa id;lrtnuian r(-ietflber thet good told days when the enroltnient as well as the procetbook of' file fall oa srelatively ow. 'heyicallu1i011reiniber wh elm freuhmei Iwere absle to Obtain el at ; neat- the fa bulous fifty yard I iie, set VI('at, was file dernllikfor admission t o football gamnes in Ann Arbor. They (,all renitemulr tle hilling effolet of til t old 'Novemnber wind as it roared thtroughi t(,e empty seats and undoubtedly they inos t onder how it will sound il tine vat ri'iuehtc of thle Mew 9,60, seat H a ther u It a i i nd(Iert1 ing a m inediate expanision ofl ihe largest, collee owned foot- baill plan-t ini h on ifry, it would seem bet t el, to 'allow a few more h okey andl basket all fans to witness t heir teams in act ion xvithout freering in the dlamp confines 01 the ic fe Lu iaie. or ruinin-lg t heir eyes in the ried i v: I it kl r fYost field[liouse court. -Rog (Goelz. I'd Ratlher Be Right: Just A tother Past ril WORST CRITICISM to be mnade of the pr1oposed Northi Atlantic Defense Pact is that it is irrelevant. ft isn't going to change anything, We have never had any intention of letting Prussia get away with a military attack on any of the nations in- volved in the pact, and it is nonsense to suggest that we would let Russia take one of these countries just because there was no pact. All we have accomplished, through much dliplomacy and debate, is to throw into tluestion homv muelt aid we intend to give, whereas before the debate there was tno)question that we would .dol atll we could. We are niarried to these eout-, tries, and it, is fully for conjugal partners to try to write down on a bit of pape' the exact extent of their duties to eah other. All you are ilikely to let are reservations. exceptioiis, a l shrewd limiltations. *on- coded il a auitin. The notion that. only by means of this insironlent cmil we ('arly inforn the po- tenh jal aggressotr that e \Won't stand for anlylnons Ilse, seems >Very far-fetched. If lie dtoesn't know by no0w, another 1*iec(f' pap~er isni't going toi tell him, One might iaginle, from some of the current (dis- c ssion, Ithat, our, distrust of Russia has been a ewell-kept secrt, which we ail now tact fully breaking 1toithe Kremlin, via this pI tinik Itlse Russians iknow we, (lu't wait thliit 11Waie: E~;'era Ef~rope, and so, as I say, one of thel' faults of the' pact is Utht it, bluntly parese nt 5 tlt&'l ii s5 5 t- ith it old s:li atioi. It is that familiar failillj' of ours, our lust for a formal or mN'talticat soluttions, for a f or'iutla, a documeni~t, a;. gadget, aa finunick, a seenario, a prescription which wiVill solve ot' lproblems. We inu(Idlle around with the forms of things, 'earnestly rt- bottling w Nine we already have, in full con- victinol th'at we are niaking' Wonderful ebhange s. We recomibine old content in new structuares. chla ngig the shape of e~Very thing;, an(i the gat ure of nothing. And by'N doilitg so, we allowv oldl questions to be redelbt d --teeour' disadvantage. We allow T ussia. suddenly to treat our established attituide toward her as if it. were a new thing, . Snd to react a ccordingly. Wec put.outntries. whicihlave been in e vcPv. Inca ting fil v a',y allied with its, like Italy, through unnee ssary paroxysmns of new inl- tecrnal debate over old qtuestions,. We give the Conmmunists in Italy exactly what they wanted, at. chance to start a, new qutarrel over tihe niature of Italian relations with America, as if this were a novel problem, and not an old one, over which an election has already been fought. Moreover, by forcing the issue on Scan- dinavia, we have torn Scandinavia apart. AndI even the Norwegians, who stand with us, have felt obliged to assure Russia that they will not give us bases. Because of the pact Russia will, from now on, have a kind: of legitimate interest in every Nor- wegian military chan ge, of a sort she did not previously have. It may even turn out to be harder for us to work in close colla boration withIi-Norway than before- ' - "t ,riel. on lie ui d t'fo etinaract '" \ The fDaily, aciicrd-, its readers tthe privilege of sufhmiltlng ;lettets tor puhlivlelon i h' usm. subject to space lml~tatltnns, the general pl-k iey i,, to puhL',h in thie order in vwhicht they are reeea all litters hearing the writer's signatuioe :~nd address, Letters exc-eeding 3:tmo wods rpel 1- tious letters, and lettvr,. of ;s defama- tory eharaCre r ' l'smtdletters whichl for any other reaseon are not lin good taste will not he pulblishied. 'The editors reserve Itietlik lege 'ofvcon- densing letters. Misleading Ilur ibs To the Editor: WI STJTO ('0M1 A IMEN ' I lit Studcut As;. ociat-illnCfoi' [)cioc . racy, tU, of .1M. lloup>t, on i h ii' advertisement for the mnov ie "Song,' of the Street" inl Friday's Daily. By printing both national and local reviews- of the movie, SAD has illust-rated :t pertinent- point:: that 'professionail blurbs" are too far away from stidrenti interests accurately to re lflect stuedent! tastes. SAD has, shown bjy this adt~lthat, its prelimiinary aidvertisig was, as is often lrue inl sucth ciasesi, in- accurate. It has shown tht. wh\ leni we actually get t~o see; tifese -ro- mnantically r'eal, trtincelike, aind bizarre" pictures that they aitr never nearly so good a s w o ihtad been led to believe. This illusrates, it scet to Inc. m II "Tsk Tsk! Ano iliter -Suicide"' iNews gof the Week Letes to the Ed-itorG- Drug Problem.i R ELATIvELY few people in the U.S. would walk a mile for a, cigarette, but there are hosts of American drug addicts who would brave blizzards and icy Wr~ists for a dose of "the devil's capsules." The long-standing Chinese opium prob- lem has nothing whatsoever on the alarm- ing popularity surge of sleeping pills here in America, Associatedl Press survey star~ tilties front several large cities b ave warned us. More than a, billion of the capsules are sought and purchased bty the public eac-h year, both by legal and -much too extensively--illicit methods, phsicians have pointed out. At the present time, too mnany state con- st~itutions have no laws at all to regulate the sales of barbiturates, th~e soothing but po- tcnt; drugs that go into each sleeping pill. hithese and other states, the -only legal 40 YEARS AGO: A local advertiser of safety razors com- miented in his weekly ad: "Clean shaving is a part of the college man's gospel. It goes wit~h exercise and outdoor life." 25 YEARS AGO. The University senate declared t-hat the giowing professionalism of the Union Opera was costing too much and was not repr'e- sentative of University life. It asked that the production be simplified. Three U.S. Army men Will attempt to girdle the earth on a 30,008 mile route be- t,'een March and August, 15 YEARS AGO: The Regents passed a" proposal to keep the main study halls of the library open from 2 to 9 p.m. on Sundays for the rest of the year. The "hot" trail of John Dillinger grew cool as police lost clues to the notorious killer in Port Huron. I~ "VTWLZZAYC1 £ n' 4 I substitute offered is a r'egister'ed loctol's Iprescription for purchase by tihe patient.. The denial of this to0 many hard-pressed pill addicts has resulted in w idespread xiota - tions and illegal purchasing mneans, accord.- ing to American f harmttaceuticakl As; ociat lon fittdingrs, Orcidsl ar-c te rifore' ii oude'ir for members ot31 the ass"o iation who, irl con=- junction-%I th they 1J,.Public fHealth S;erv= miiistra tion, propose to revamnp thet cur- rently Inadequate narcotics, laws. UTe sale o1' the barbiturates would their lie admin- istered by au strict narcotics, policing force. If the przoposals ever becorye realities, all pill distributors would, be comnpelled to rec- ord every prescription arid capsule sold. Nvith numbers. Other required information wou ld include who manufactured the -pills, who prescribed them, and the names of both purchaser and seller. Records wouild be kept at easy reference distance fom' at. least sov- eral years after tihe sale. Another welcome suggestion is the in: or- tion of emetics into the pills. BrougYht to light by Rep). Edith Nourse Rogers uit'ep., Mass.), the idea, if followed thlrough, would save the person who consumned ani over'dose of capsules, either by accident or with sui- cidal intent. More than a thousand such deaths occur annually, Phrmaceutical As-. sociation data has revealed. In linre with these revelations, reports from New York City, Los Angeles, Denkver, and Detroit narcotics officers fulther in- dicate the sleeping pill problem as "too se- rious." And in all cases, judgments were in the face of definite laws limiting sales to doctors' prescriptions. The lack of uniformity of present state sleeping pill laws is one of the principal factors warranting their rehashing, but the crux of the problem remains with the public itself. Repeated warnings to pill addicts, stressing the unholy effects that arise from the habitual use of pills, must achieve i-heir purpose if the craze is to be entirely wiped out. People must be made acutely aware of INTlERNA'rION At, Atlantic Pact-. Denmark, Icelanid, Port ugal and Italy were invited to join the pI-oposed Nor-th Atlantic security allianc.e. High U1.S, official had earlier said1 the pactxould provide a "framework" to solve the long- standing problem of American bases in Greenland. In Italy, however, there was bloodshed in .Rome and Genoa as crowds ran riot in protest against the Italian government's decision to join the nego- tiations. Benelux.. Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg agreed to complete economic union by July, 1950. A first step will be elimination of customs barriers next year. Filibuster... The 12-day Senate filibuster by Southern Democrats ended in a compromise that will apparently kill President T1ruman's civil rights program : Two-thirds of the Senate must approve cloture, except that debate cannot be limited on any proposal to change the rles. Rent Control .. With the Senate inactive, the House passed a modified rent control bill which would allow local units to discontinue rent control at their own option. This was also seen as a major defeat for the president. Mover Commission . The 12-man commission on government reorganization called for trimming thne executive' powers of nine extra-departmental com- missions and transferring those functions to the Commerce and Interior Departments.,'rie independent government agencies affected are: Maritime Commiss ion, Interstate Commerce Commission, Federal Power Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal T'ade Com mission, Communications Commission, Civil Aeronautics Board, Federal Reserve Board and National Labor Relations Board. Another report by the Hfoover Commission called for Congress toi hand over to the Interior Department all major public works projectsi. But ther'e was wide divergence of view: three members wanlted to st lip a new "D~epartment of Natural Resources," while a I Wo-niali iminoity registered sharp dissent with their colleagues over the Iole of the Armny engineers. S 'VA'1'E Full Employment . :peaking at- Masonic Temple, Wynn C. Cooper, national vice- p~residenlt of the board of realtors told a protest meeting that if rent controls we re lifted it would mean a return to full employment. Simul- taneously. Gov. Williams, was :asking the State for emergency rent controls should the notional government fail to provide them, Olivet Trouble . Tfiere were fi'untir indications this week that the Oivet situatoni was not settled. A Congregationtal Church Committee recommended sweeping changes in the administrative set-up in the mid-state college. accortimlg to orsted faculty members, tOCA L Expansi01o.. 'ITie Univexr'sity stadium will be expandedt in the near future it was announced this xweek to make room for' 97,000 football fans. Plans include adding 21,000 permIfanent steel seats and taking out thle 10.000 temporary wooden bleachers now in wse. Contraction.. State legislators touring the campus last week indicated that some of the plans for expanding university facilities would not 'get thle okay of the State. Blasting the plans for expansion, the legislators saw as $700,000ci'teith ie University's requests.. Mlock Voting.. 'Phile perennial student elections bought a conference of campus leaders this xeek on the question of block voting . . . resulted in a decision that little if anything could be done lections . Tile SL candidates were starting their campaigns this week with 29 reported in the running at this time. olding a meeting .withpros- pective legislators, the SL Election Committee announced new petition for'ms with more qualification information. Changing procediures, it was announced that Senior Class offices would also be filled at this 'time instead of during the fall elections. Class Cutting . Students weren't in favor of proposals to limit class cuts according to a Daily survey. A check on campus last week showed 85 per cent opposed to any attempt to curb the students cutting for themselves. Faculty members polled were divided on the question,.6.to 6. Ilue necc (';Il tI} ir sI:t 1hand te- dt1C -evl 'I I 011 a11 'l uch "magnifi'- I' I II t1 - t 'orr i l' he is- W(leigin; IIIiprssionsIn the lliorigz- inal adlveti iing. tudents in Ithis case, have mIore 1insighlt into 1what wo trl)thwhile mit apprnt-ly INit 11akes a: st,1 Il nft"Ii Io realizeto, 1hatI "just beca';use aI prlici tirethaslalot. I)1 dirt(y peoplr in it, th1at1doesni't T1Ilere i-anl be01no dout ab:Iout it, "Song' oflthe ,mt reet " is< aIdull Gvastt'(of Iie n(.tless i>:your dtle hlplmi t 10 be miedly ,andl isInl a 11100(1t, ~to 1(1 ltand. Those ft us: xMIL)sat trough eit her Ilihe pre view olr last z II iht's shotwing w till givi' adetl Ii' tes1( tiimony o that 11hu1, ag ain tI wish to colinpli- mnent SAD f~o' hav~ings the coutraget to show(ia ) tllaIt thee- Original blurbs rw t'e muisleadin, t h t m p)1ofe sionai' reviewelrs apparently are not ,as;1-eile as:Ithen' posi- tions xvould dcll(I1. amnd dcl Ltin! The -.lily maksIatyporaphllica:l error' oili-einl a whlile . - aymond itlshinii Summniner Pio~rgI'a:,s To the Editor: (;EORGE SI1E'1ERfD and Don QuOtellel' c'eI'ta inly de(serve som-ie prasiseto- h)e lii-wor'k i gett ing! t-le Unlive rsilvty(to .slplt .: allst pi-ogi-anminl Europethlislilummei. We hop1e that tills will enable)1 students to Po abroad) who would oremott be ab( .I). Ile to (toso forit f i lour Oinion hatl( very college tuden1(itlshIold (in("i'hut:a 1ripl abIroatd during "his college oliht' whetheli(r it 1be fou' sit tidy, t:avel, (or servic. There are many set-vice projects and work camps in Europe as well as in this country in which one can spend the summer' very profi- table. Last year we worked both in France an(l Germanny with MIP's who had - ' 'Olle ovetr the border black" '' iol ift,' Blicountliilries; and tht, Rssian Zone ofGe' mnany. We thiink: that such all ex- perience is valuable to the stu- dent if for no other reason than getting a more objective view of his own country. "Perhaps you'd have a different outlook on life," one of the DP students told us, "if everything you had in the world were de- stroyed in 20 minutes." The Youth Hostel, World Coun- cil of Churches, Lisle Fellowship, NSA, and many other organiza- tions sponsor study, travel, and work proects here and abroad, Students who have worked with these organizations will be on hand at Lane Hall S'aturday night to answer qutestions and help those interested ini "investing their Su~ltmer." -WylnPrice, Will Kyselka. AILL" OFFICI Al BULEi Ti (COntinued from Page 2) Students in France, Visiting Pro- fessor at the Univer'sity of Illinois; auspices of the Department of Ro- mnane LIanguiag"es. 4:15 pam. Mon., March-21, Rtckham Amnphithea- trne. University Lecture:f "The Me as- urement of Habit Strength." Dr. Ernest R. Hilgard, Chairman of the Department of Psychology, Stanford University, and Pr-esi- dent of the American Psychologi- cal Association; auspices of the Department of Psychology. 8 p.m., Mon., March 21, Rackham Amphitheatre. An-ieaan Cln'minical Society L~ec- ture: Professor L. II. Br-iggs, Auck- land. University College, New Zea- land. "Chemical Substances from New Zealand Plants." 8 pam., Mon., March 21, 1300 Chemistry Bldi,. Concerts Student fllee itaJ: Doris Kays, soprano, pupil of Philip Duey, will present a recital, 8 p.m., Sun., March 20, Hussey Room, Michigan League, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Music. Compositions by Plurcell, H andel, Pergolese, Mozart, Brahms, DeBussy, De- Falla, and Manning. The public is invited. Events Today Fencing Exhibition: Bela De 2Tuscan and Byron Krieger dem- onstrating the use of the foil and sabre from 8-1 p nm. Saturday junc+he rit )iscussiofl Group Lane HBall, 12:15 p.m., Venerable Lokanaithia, Buddhist Priest from. Burma-1 vifl speak on "Bjtddhisrin." U~ft nie-zvou-% for Smni er Esca - pades: All-campus get-I og t her for iniformatfion about summner projects, 8:30 p Lm, anse Ball. Movies. .Michigan. Christian lFellowship, "Surprise Party." 7:30 p.m1., Fire- side Room, Lane Hall. Co rrn .gEventIs fce Skating Clumb: Square dane- ing par-ty, Sun., March 20, Wom- en's Athletic BuildingR Lounge, 8- 10:30 p.m. U. of MS. Hot Iletcord Society: Program of Omar Simion records, Sun., 8 p.m., Michigan League Ballroom. raduate Outing Clumb: Meet Sun., March 20, 2:15 p.m. at north- west entr-ance, Rackham Building for stroll through woodland haunts. Sign supper list at Rack- ham checkroom desk before noon Saturday. t.Cl ti FtYi Mtll P 0 Filly v- Nin1th Year Edited riid mnagfed by students of the Un iversity of Michigan under ths authority of the Board In Control, of Student Publications. Fdlitorial Sla ff Harrletti Friedman .. . .MVnaglnK Ediitot Dick Maloy .............City Editor Naomt St- rn .......idltorlal Director Allegra Pasqualettl ..,Assoriate Editor Al Bium rse......Assocate Editor L~eon .Throft ......,.. AssoiateUEditor hItobert C. White .....Arsociate Editot '13. S. Prown .........Sports Editor Bud! Wvfi enthal...Associate Sports Ed, B1ev Bussy ...Sports Feature Writer~ -Audrey Butt(ery ......Women'"s Editor IMariy AnilHarrls Asov. Womnt'dEditoi liess, Hayes ................1,ibrarlhrn B us~iness Slaf f 1?tcham-d halt ...,.... Bu'.lcer;; Mnagem .Teats Leona-d . ... Advetlsing Maugi rr William Culiman ....Vluznct Manage~r Cole Christian. ...Circulation Mainager Telephione 23-24-1 Me mber of The Assoialed Press 'ho Assoctated P 1res 1I4 extslvAy entitled to the rwse for repub1c,.0,loau of aill news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other niatters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arhor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscription during the regular school year by carrier, $5.00, by mall. Sociedad Ilispanica: Hour, Mon., March 21, 41 International Center. Social to 6 p.m., BARNABRY. a r----, r-.7 I I -- - .~ ~ I L I--