THE MICHICAN DAILY

r

Strategy

yE POLITICAL campaign of the Rus-
sians and German Communists against
the formation of a Western German state
has become increasingly vociferous.
Otto Nuschke, one of the leaders of the
Christian Democratic Party in the Soviet
sector along with other Eastern German
leaders have been sent to Bonn to lobby
against the proposed Constitution of West-
ern Germany.
Because the Christian Democrats are con-
sidered a rightist party in Western Zones
they cannot operate effectively in Russia
controlled Germany. In the Russian Zone a
license is required of all political parties-
and no political party whose views are fun-
damentally against Communist ideology is
recognized; so actually Herr Nuschke and
the other Eastern German leaders are merely
office boys for the Kremlin.
Russia has chosen a very strategic time
to send her ideological ambassadors be-
cause the members of the Constitutional
Convention in Bonn have almost com-
pleted the draft of the constitution for
the Western German state.
Many of the Bonn delegates are not
sure that they want to support a Consti-
tution for Western Germany. They feel
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
NIGHT EDITOR: FREDRICA WINTERS

that they will 9o down in history as trai-
tors to German nationalism. Or even if
they are not included in the history books,
their support of a divided Germany may
injure their future political aspirations.
Disappointed Nazis will also lend a sym-
pathetic ear to the Soviet lobbyists.
But the Russians have offered no substi-
tution to the proposed unification of West-
ern Germany. They have not volunteered to
join in any political union with the West-
ern Zones. They have not even entered into
any economic union with the Western Zones.
They have, however, blockaded Berlin. And
now Eastern leaders are saying that a sep-
arate Western Germany would be detrimen-
tal to the future of Germany, the future of
Europe, and even to the future of the world.
Granted, the constitutional separation
of Western Germany from her eastern
portion is not the ideal solution to the
problem of Germany. The eastern sector
contains the bread-basket of Germany and
it would be much better if Germany could .
utilize her developed agricultural re-
sources than to develop others or import
foodstuffs. But when Russia refuses, to
cooperate, the second best solution is to
unite Western Germany.
The Eastern German leaders will undoubt-
edly make some headway in their "mission
to Bonn" because of the discontented dele-
gates and Nazi sympathizers. But let us hope
that the Constitutional Convention will suc-
cessfully complete its work. Then the West-
ern Germans themselves can vote on this
separate Constitution.
-Norma Jean Harelik.


Unnecessary device

T HE FILIBUSTER is a two-sided object. It
is an unyielding wall of stubbornness
in the face of much-needed legislation and
yet it is also a last-ditch bulwark against
complete dictatorship of the majority. Thus
partly good and partly bad, the filibuster
has established itself within the parliamen-
tary rules of the Senate and even those it
defeats fear its removal.
Now the filibuster is being ably used
in the Southern Custom to block consid-
eration of a rules change which would
end the filibuster itself and in turn allow
the passage of Civil Rights Legislation.
The Southern Senators feel they are a
minority being "crucified" by a domineering,
dictatorial North. They think that they have
the right to use the filibuster to protect
themselves against persecution under Civil
Rights,
Arid they claim the filibuster is necessary
to preserve the rights of individual states
and geographic areas.
But when we take a closer look at this
minority group in Congress we find that
it does "not even represent a majority
vievpoint in themitg$: it supposedlj :p-
"esen-ts
Before the last presidential election, the

traditional party of the South-the Demo-
cratic Party-split wide open specifically on
the President's Civil Rights proposals. The
issue between Truman and Thurmond was
more clear and distinct than any other
in the campaign and because Truman was
conceded little chance of victory, a vote for
Thurmond was not considered a "throw-
away" vote. In the end, the President bested
his Dixiecrat rival by more than 2 to 1 in
the South!
Even if the South were as solid against
civil rights as its senators would have us
believe, there is still no real need for the
filibuster to protect it from an oppressing
majority. For each senator knows well
that log-rolling works two ways. If he
votes in coalition with otler senators for
legislation which is actually detrimental
to another area of the nation, he can ex-
pect the same action to be taken against
hirself by a coalition of other groups.
The filibuster is a totally unnecessary de-
vice for coddling the eccentricities of a few
aging, insecure Southern senators. Its re-
moval will clear the way for legislation
which clearly- has the mandate of all the
people and yet not reduce to impotency
honest minorities.
-Craig H. Wilson.

IhmpIicu lions
(EfmTOBIS NOTE: This ' is th see idio .
series of articles on the state o the ord o
enrment written by the president of the tUi
versity chapter of United World Feraists.)
By JOHN A. KNAUSS
YESTERDAY we pointed out that the
whole world is seeking security, and
that to many security means world gov-
ernment. Ho.wever a large number l o his
group have only the vague st idea ofw at
world government implies. Among those wh1 u
do know, there is considerable disagreemen
as to what the final form of the govern-
ment should be. All are agreed, however, on
one basic principle. It is a principle that
underlies all federalist philosophy, the im-
portance of which cannot be underestimated.
All are agreed that it must be a federal
world government. There must be a trans-
fer of sovereignty from the nations rf the
world to the government of the world.
That is what federalists mean when they
talk about amending the United Nations
Charter. The United Nations, like the
League of Nations and like our former
government under the Articles of Confed-
eration, has no power (except moral pow-
er) to enforce order amongst its members.
Federalists are agreed that it must be a
federal world government.
The question is how much sovereignty
must be transferred. It is here that the dis-
agreement begins, but the disagreements
are not fundamental in nature. All chan-
pions of world government want that gov-
ernment to provide them security. In
Europe they want economic security. Most
Americans realize that a government that
has the power to relieve economic and polit-
ical -stress has a much better chance of
preventing war than one that does not
have this power. Likewise Indians and Eu-
ropeans know that economic security is im-
possible in a war-torn world.
The area of disagreement lies in three
questions that federalists must answer. How
much timedo we have left? What will the
people of American and the world accept?
Will it be enough? A positive answer to
any of these questions is impossible, but the
nature of the world government envisaged
by federalists is governed by these ques-
tions.
All are convinced that world govern-
ment will not come tomorrow. Even those
pressing for the barest minimum in power
for a world government see little hope for
success in less than five years. Others with
more ambitious plans are counting on
twenty years of peace. Keeping this in
mind, and remembering that all plans call
for a federal world government, let us
look at the two extremes of government
being championed in this country today.
At one end there is the so-called mini-
malists. Without going into the details of
representation and actual operation of their
government, they foresee a government with
power to regulate armaments among mem-
ber nations, be the final arbiter of disputes
between nations, and most important of all,
have the power to enforce all decisions. They
claim that time is short. If we can form
a government that will postpone indefinitely
the threat of war, then we can solve at
leisure the problems of the basic causes of
wars.
At the other extreme there are the
maximalists. They argue that a govern-
ment with such limited powers * unstable;
that a government that seeks to prevent
war without being empowered to regulate
the pressures and inequalities that cause
war is doomed to failure. They claim that
world government must at least have some
powers with respect to tariffs, immigra-
tion, individual freedom, allotments of the
world's resources, etc.
This then is what world government is.
It is a federal government that requires a
definite transfer of sovereignty. How much

is still a question. The exact nature of this
government with respect to representation
and operation is, of coulrse, important.
Various plans have been offered. Some are
very detailed. It is impossible to give here
even a superficial account of them. These
points are as yet unimportant. The neces-
sary step for federalists today is to con-
vince people that when they say world gov-.
ernment, they really mean federal world
government.
Tomorrow we will discuss how federalists
hope to achieve this federal world govern-
ient.
New Books at the Library . . .
Bowen, Elizabeth-The heat of the day. New
York, Knopf, 1949.
Carr, John Dickson-The life of Sir Arthur
Conan Doyle. New York, Harper, 1949.
Loewengard, Heidi-After midnight. New
York, Random House, 1949.
Smith, Holland M.-coral and brass. New
York, Scribner, 1948.
Spring, Howard-There is no armour. New
York, Harper, 1948.
TEMPERATURE IN THE "cold war" is
rising in Europe.
In Paris, a Communist spokesman is
putting the French government on notice
that, in case of war with Russia, French
Communists will side with Russia.
In Helsinki, where Communists came
within two votes of maneuvering the Fin-
land Cabinet out of office, Finns are brac-
ing themselves for more Soviet pressure.
In Oslo, where Norway's government is

MATTER OF FACT:
Meaning of Vishinshy

By STEWART ALSOP
T HE BASIC AIMS of Soviet policy remain
the same, whether Andrei Vishinsky or
V. M. Molotov is Foreign Minister. These
aims, as they are now understood by many
informed officials and expert observers in
Europe, will be discussed in the next report
in this space. Yet those best equipped to
speculate are inclined to believe that Molo-
tov's replacement by Vishinsky may presage

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DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

March

k~

Letters to the Edtor-

.f


Current Movies

At the State...
RACE STREET, with George Raft, Wil-
1am Bendix, and Marilyn Maxwell.
HAVEN'T WE SEEN this one before?
Yep, we sure have-several hundred
times, I think. Without much variance this
particular encore sticks brutally close to
the usual crime-and-punishment format--
the lead part going to the poor man's Hum-
phrey Bogart.
Little George-his Adler Elevators not-
withstanding-fails to impress-as 'being an
awfully dangerous character. His con-
sistently stony facial expression is, in fact,
rather more piteous than ominous.
The plot, as we have broadly hinted, is de-
pressingly familiar: a social faux pas (mur-
der) is committed, certain people (Raft
and Bendix) are offended, and the Forces
of Justice fight a prolonged but victorious
battle of revenge.
Raft, through a clever plot angle, is
cast as a bigtime bookie in grim pursuit
of the "protection" racketeers who
knocked off a brother bookmaker. But
George, bearing the taint of crime him-
self, is secondary bait for his part-time
buddy, Bendix the Good Hearted Cop,
who proceeds to intently follow everyone
else in the movie.
Bendix puts up a good fight for Justice

an important change, not in Soviet aims,
butin Soviet methods.
Molotov's two predecessors, Foreign
Commissars Chicherin and Litvinov, were
clearly in this category. Neither was an
"old Bolshevik." Neither was a member
of the Politburo, and thus neither had any
influence in forming policy.
Molotov's accession to the Foreign Minis-
try marked a basic change in the Krem-
lin's concept of the Foreign Minister's role.
Molotov is a member of the Politburo, and
has been considered second only to Stalin
in that powerful body. Molotov is an old
Bolshevik-he has been at Stalin's right
hand for almost thirty years. And Molotov's
first act as Foreign Minister was to nego-
tiate the Nazi-Soviet pact with the obscene
Joachim von Ribbentrop.
Now Molotov is replaced by Vishinsky, and
at the same time the leaders of the intgrna-
tional Communist movement are forced to
acknowledge publicly their allegiance to the
Soviet Union in case of war. Vishinsky is
not an old Bolshevik-indeed, as a former
Menshevik and deviationist he has had to
exhibit an exceptionally agile servility to
survive. Nor is he a member of the Politburo.
Ancl the only other member of the Politburo
concerned with foreign affairs, Foreign
Trade Minister A. I. Mikoyan, has also been
replaced. Thus the "bourgeois" world has
been cut off from direct contact with the
Politburo.
These facts suggest an obvious conclu-
sion. The Kremlin has abandoned hope of
gaining its ends by diplomatic means, and
the role of Foreign Minister will there-
fore revert to what it was before 1939,
while the great effort to prepare the So-
viet Union for war will be redoubled.
Meanwhile, the Communist parties will
abandon the attempt to build a mass fol-
lowing and so to gain power by legal
or semi-legal means. Instead, a hard core
of "revolutionary elite," an absolutely de-
pendable instrument of Soviet policy, will
resort to whatever illegal tactics may be
necessary to weaken the non-Soviet world,
and ultimately to seize power by force.

(continued from Page 2)
Card Committee will not meet this
week. Watch Tuesday's D.O.B. for
future meetings.
U. of M. Student Players cast-
ing for "Boy Meets Girl," 7:30 p.m.
Rm. C, Michigan League. Larry
Toms, C. F. Friday (male lead),
B.K.'s voice. Doctor Rosetti;
Chauffeur, Rodney Bevan; Young
Man, Major Thompson; Studio
Officer, Slade, Raio Announcer.
Robert Law, J. Carlyle Benson, 2
male leads, Susie, Miss Crews, 2
Female Leads.
Mathematics Club: 8 p.m., West
Conference Room, Rackham Bldg.
Prof. A. H. Copeland will speak
on "Cybernetics and the Reminis-
censes of a Linear Graph."
IFC Glee Club: Meeting, 7:30-
3:30 p.m., Rm. 3M, Michigan Un-
ion.
Sigma Rho Tau Stump Speak-
ers' Society meeting. General pro-
gram: General circles prepare for
March 15 impromptu prelimin-
ary contest, Organization of Sales
rnd Executive Problems Circles.
Debate with U. of Detroit, March
16. Meeting, Tues., March 8, 7 p.m.,
2084 E. Engine Bldg.
Polonia Club: Meeting, Tues.,
March 8, 7:30 p.m., International
Center.
Plans for Mr. Leo J. Nowicki's
speech and the coming dinner will
be made. All dziewcnki are invited.
The A.S.C.E. is conducting a sur-
vey within the Civil Engineering
Department to determine student
interest in the Honor System. A
questionnaire will be distributed
today.
United World Federalists invite
the campus at large to attend
their daily Gripe Sessions, 4:15
p.m., Michigan Union, every day
during World Government Week
March 7 through 11.
Canterbury Club: 7:30 p.m.
Seminar on "The Christian Faith."
The chaplain will discuss "The In-
fluencehofuCalvinism on the Epis-
copal Church."
University of Michigan Dames:
General meeting, Assembly Room,
Rackham Bldg., 8 p.m. Program:
the Lyra Male Chorus.
Young Progressives of America:
Election meeting of the club, 7:30
p.m., Michigan Union. Discussion
of Zarichny Case and elections.
All members are urged to attend.
I.Z.F.A.: General meeting, 7:45
p.m., Hillel Foundation. Forum:
"Why Hechalutz."
Square Dance Group: 7 p.m.,
Lane Hall.
Christian Science Organization:
Testimonial meeting, 7:30 p.m.,
Upper Room. Lane Hall.
Comiing Events
Motion Pictures, auspices of the
Audio-Visual Education Center.
"Mental Hygiene": Emotional
Health; Feeling of Hostility. 4:10
p.m., Wed., March 9, Kellogg Audi-
torium.
Double Bill of Opera by Puc-

cini opens tomorrow night, 8 p.m.,
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre, for
a run of four nights. Presented
by the department of speech, in
conjunction' with the school of
music, "Sister Angelica" and "Gi-
anni Schicchi" are the two operas
to be given. Tickets are on sale
daily at the theatre box office.
House Directors' Institute: Sec-
ond meeting for staff members in
Women's Residence Hlls, League
Houses and Sororities, March 9,
9:30 to 11:30 a.m., Michigan
League. Subject: Food Service and
Housekeeping. Speakers: Kath-
leen Hamm, Chief Dietitian and
Melbourne Murphy, Lecturer in
Hygiene and Public Health.
Institute of The Aeronautical
Sciences: Meeting, 1042 E. Engi-
neering Bldg., 7:30 p.m., March 9.
Subject: Mr. Stanley Smith,
project engineer for Bell Aircraft,
will present movies and slides on
the XS-1 Rocket Plane. Final
plans for Wright Field trip. All
members are asked to attend.
Sigma Xi: A symposium on
"The University of Michigan
Heredity Clinic" will be held in
the Rackham Amphitheatre, Wed.,
March 9, 8 p.m. Speakers: Lee R.
Lice, James V. Neel, Harold F.
Falls, and C. W. Cqtterman. The
public is invited.
Delta Sigma Pi, Professional
business administration frater-
nity: Business meeting, Wed.,
March 9, 7:30 p.m., Chapter
House, 1212 Hill.
U. of M. Radio Club: Meeting,1
7:30 p.m., 1084 E. Engineering
Bldg., Wed., March 9. Special
election of club officers. Refresh-
ments.
U. of M. Young Republicans:
Open -meeting, Wed., March 9,
7:30 p.m., Henderson Room, Mich-
igan League. Former Michigan
Attorney-General, Eugene Black
will speak on the topic, "The Fu-
ture of the Republican Party in
Michigan." New members wel-
come.
Ullr Ski Club: Meeting, 7:30
p.m., Wed., 3RS, Michigan Union.
All deposits to be refunded.
Undergraduate Psychological
Society: Drs. Kelly, Satter and
Walker will discuss graduate
work in psychology and require-
ments for graduate school, Wed.,
March 9, 7:30 p.m., Room 3A,
Michigan Union.
U. of M. Sailing Club: Shore
school for new probationary mem-
bers, Wed., March 9, 7 p.m., 311
W. Engineering Bldg.

The Daily accords ts readers the
privilege orf submitting letters for
publication in this column. Subject1
to space limitations, the general pol-
icy is to publish in the order in which
they are received all letters hearing
the writer's signature and address.
I.etters exceding :100) words, repeti-
tious letters and letters of a defama-
tory character or such letters which
for any, other reason are not in good
taste will not be published. The
editors reserve the privilege of con-
densing -letters.
. . .ygrl
Soplwrnigric
To the EditOrs:
HAVE READ with interest the
articles written successively by,
Harold T. Walsh, Miss Johnson,
Miss Rivkind, and the latest by
Robert Banser and Brian M. Duff.
First, I would like to say to
you Mr. Banser, that I am not a
freshman nor a sophomore, and I
have had more than the required
number of hours in English, and
if Mr. Walsh's letter was an ex-
ample of "subtle sarcasm" as you
so aptly put it, one of us is crazy,
and I've a good idea that it is not
me. If Mr. Walsh (evidently your
idol in campus affairs), had a
point to present, I must confess
that it was very poorly put, and I
agree completely with Miss John-
son. If any of the letters I have
read sounded as though written
by a high school sophomore, Mr.
Walsh's and yours would run a
close race.
Secondly, in regard to your
touching masterpiece, Mr. Duff,
you too had better come out from
behind the bushes and secure a
sense of realism. You realize, of
course, thatathe problems we face
on this campus are very similar to
those which most of us will face
in life. I'm very much afraid that
if there were more people in this
world like you and Mr. Walsh (as
he trifed to appear in his letter)
this 'x*orld would be a rather
dreary' place for most of us.
It mnigh- interest you to know
that my wife and I not only drink
liquor and beer, but I have even
oeen known to cut classes for rea-
sons that I'm sure I could prove
valid to you, just as I'm sure
many others on this campus
could. Also, Mr. Duff, you had
better take a chaperon with you
when you leave your room, as
these coeds might be pretty rough
on you.
-Robert Bargert.
Not Traitors
To the Editor:
I, as a member of the Commu-
nist Party, have been called a
traitor.
In Sunday's Michigan Daily a
staff member editorially branded
me, and all the members of the
Communist Party, traitors to our
country. Whom does she dare to
brand as traitors? Surely not the
11,000 members of the Commu-
nist Party who fought in the
American government with a Dis-
tinguished Service Cross for hero-
ism in the New Guinea campaign.
Surely not Captain Herman Bott-
cher who, for his exemplary cour-
age in the Philippine Campaign,
won the respect of thousands of
American soldiers and was lauded
by General MacArthur as a "one
man army" before he died in the
service of his country. Surely not
the thousands of American Com-
Smunists who fought fascism in
Spain in an attempt to save the
American people from the horrors
!of World War II. Surely not Wil-
liam Z. Foster, who led the Great
Steel Strike of 1919 which broke

ley will lead the discussion of The
Wasteland.
Pre-Med Society: Wed., March
9, 7:30 p.m., rooms 3-L, M, N,
Michigan Union. Prof. Bru'lo
Meinecke will speak on "Perma-
nent Aspects of Greek and Ro-
man Medicine." Results of survey
distributed. Refreshments.
I.Z.F.A.: Song and Dance group,
Wed., March 9, 7:45 p.m., Michi-
gan League. Everybody welcome.
U. of M. Dames Sewing Group
meet at the home of Mrs. James
Peters, 520 E. William St., March
10, 8 p.m. New Dames are cor-
dially invited.
Westminster Guild: Formal tea
and talk, Wed., March 9, 4-6 p.m.,
Lewis parlor, church building. Dr.
Herrick Young of the Presbyte-
rian Board of Foreign Missions
will be present. Everyone is in-
vited.,
Art Cinema League and Inter
Co-op Council present "Day of
Wrath," 8:30 p.m., Fri. and Sat.,
Hill Auditorium. Tickets on sale
2 p.m. today.

Fifty-Ninth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Harriett Friedman .... Managing Editor
Dick Maloy ................City Editor
Naomi Stern ........Editorial Director
Allegra Pasqualetti ...Associate Editor
Al Biumrosen.......Associate Editor
Leon Jaroff ..........Associate Editor
Robert C. White .....,Associate Editor
B. S. Brown...........Sports Editor
Bud Weidenthal ..Associate Sports Ed.
Bev Bussey .....Sports Feature Writer
Audrey Buttery.......Women's Editor
Mary Ann Harris Asso. Women's Editor
Bess Hayes ..................Librarian
Business Staff
Richard Halt......Business Manager
Jean Leonard .... Advertising Manager
William Culman ... .Fnance Manager
Cole Christian .. . Circulation Manager
Telephone 23-24-1
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The Associated Press is exclusively
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of all news dispatches credited to it or
otherwise credited to this newspaper.
All rights of republication of all other
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Entered at the Post Office at Ann
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matter.
Subscription during the regular
school year by carrier, $5.00, by mall,
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the ten hour day and laid the
foundation for the organization of
the steel workers in the CIO.
Miss Simon is joining ranks
with the Tories who shouted
"treason' at Patrick Henry,
Washington, Jefferson, the Aboli-
tionists, and Abraham Lincoln.
Today this charge from the
mouths of the war mongers is an
honor to those against whom it is
made.
We, as do all progressive Amer-
icans, want an end to the drive
toward war; an end to exhorbitant
profits; an end to the attempt to
assassinate the Bill of Rights. We
fight, as do many others, for price
control, for public housing, for the
end of the quota system and the
right to a higher education for all,
for the repeal of Taft-Hartley, for
the end of brutality against the
Negro people, for the right of pro-
fessors to teach and students to
discuss any and all ideas. Is this
treason?
Is it treason to fight against an
atomic-bacterological war which
would demolish the entire civil-
ized world? Is is treason to speak
out for peace? We Communists
believe that there can be peace.
Our position has been stated time
and again (and has been distort-
ed by the press) that in the event
of a monopolist-led imperialist
war of aggression we would strug-
gle with all our strength for peace.
If this be treason it is treason
only to monopoly. If this be trea-
son it is treason only to the
wealthy few who put profit and
dividends above human welfare.
This is not treason. The fight to
save the lives of the American
people is in the finest sense of the
term, patriotism. We echo the
words of Eugene Debs, who was
jailed as a"traitor" during World
War I, when he said:
i+ ' I am not opposed to all
war, nor am I opposed to fighting
under all circumstances, and any
declaration to the contrary would
disqualify me as a revolutionist.
When I say I am opposed to _war,
I mean ruling-class war, for the
ruling class is the only class that
makes war...
I am not a capitalist sol-
dier; I am a proletarian revolu-
tionist . . . I refuse to obey any
command to fight from the ruling
class, but I will not wait 'to be
commanded to fight for the work-
ingelass."
We plead not guilty. Our case
rests with the millions of Ameri-
can workers who are learning
through their daily struggles for
higher living standards and for
peace and freedom that only
through Socialism will the exploi-
tation of man be ended forever.
Ed Yellin.
Executive Committee
Ralph Neafus Club
Communist Party

Coed Folk and Square
Wed., 7:30 p.m., W.A.B.
invited.

Dancing:
Everyone

Chinese Modern Dancer: Miss
Lin Pei-fen, sponsored by the Chi-
nese Students Club, will perform
a series "of traditional Chinese
dances and original dances at the
Pattengil Auditorium of the Ann
Arbor High School, March 11, 8:30
p.m. Tickets go on sale Wednes-
day morning at the Administra-
tion Building from 8-5.
Modern Poetry Club: Wed., 7:30
p.m., 3217 Angell Hall. Prof. Hunt-


BARNABY

He DID it, Mr. O'Malley!
He did throw the discus!

Why didn't you ever
throw it before?a

Elementary reasoning. Anything No managers, see?
is possible if one asks politely. Nobody's fast-talking
By the way-do you need a acood MEotf n n nand