THIT" .LVIL AL -LA ,1; -_-.,,'-,--,,-- -_-.._ ._.. '- ,..e-e rr-arc- ++ Rigl and Laws "T'S NOT AS BAD as it was a few years ago. A little more money has come into the south and people have other things to do besides worry about the Negro." "One of these days those people in Wash- ington will learn that we are running this part of the country and will mind their own business." Two railroad ciployes urged into a discussion of discrimination on trains during the vacation came forth with the above remarks; The first quote came from a colored club car attendant who had served for nineteen years, most of it on the north-south run of the railroad. The second remark was made by the din- ng car superintendent, a graduate of the University of Chatanooga. It came in a conversation about possible legislation against discrimination on interstate rail- road travel. (On all trains south of Cin- cinnati, Negroes are not allowed in cars with whites, and a special little partitioned part of the dining car is reserved for them.) The quotes show just what kind of Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: PHIL DAWSON progress has been made in the fight against discrimination in the last fifteen years. The ever=so-gradual lessening of some of the more vicious forms of dis= crimination has taken place, but the southerners' violent objection to any kind of progressive legislation has not helped matters. The ever-recurring arguments against the so called anti-discrimination laws have been based on these two propositions: That dis- crimination will gradually wear itself out and that any attempt at legislation would only cause more resentment and slow up the slow progress toward equality. The best answer to this argument can be found in the report of the Presidents Com- mittee on Civil Rights which said that anti- discrimination laws may do as much to end discrimination as the end of discrimina- tion would do to bring on anti-discrimina- tion laws. It all comes down to the fact that you can not have a right unless there is a law to protect that right. So as far as the law is now concerned there is no way that a Negro can enforce his right of equality while traveling between states. The Constitution gives to Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce. It would be a good idea if the Eighty-First Congress would wake up to its potentialities and give a push to the "slow" methods the South in the the field of racial equality. -Al Blumrosen. C ENT MOVIES At th, , ,or do much, but worthy of mention is Ethel Barrymore's still-great power, and THE PARAILNE CASE, with Gregory the outrageous indolence of Charles Peck, Louis Jourdan, Valli, Charles Laugh- Laughton. ton, Ann Todd, Ethel Barrymore, and Although it's not as good as you might Charles Coburn. anticipate, it is, generally speaking, .fairly HEmhigh class stuff. 'THE PARADINE CAS-" which might -Bob White. be subtitled "A Day in Court," is very unusual, indeed. a Or, to say Lhe 'rne thin in another * * * way, it's a Hitchcock irture. RED RIVER, with Montgomery Clift, John The plot, such as it is, is woven around Wayne and Walter Brennan. a modern English murder trial; it's com- plicated by an abundance of vast, un- HOWARD HAWK'S great epic, Red River, spoken passions hurtling between those has hit town, and the shooting has be- concerned. gun. Although there is something extremely The most intriguing man in Hollywood subtle about the whole two-hour affair, we rides about the plains of Texas, shoots didn't have time to sit through the picture (but not ruthlessly) and looks twice as twice to see what it is. good as his Life cover photograph. To add Unlike most Hitchcock epics, it's pretty to the delight of western fans, there also generally conducive to the fidgits. There is are present a fine collection of character absolutely no physical action involved. The actors such as Noah licery, Jr. camera simply flies-like an airplane-over The main point of the picture seems to and under and around the stagna ed actors. be the pushing, pulling and stampeding of Furthermore, at least half of the story is a herd of cattle to the markets of the set in a courtroom. North (Missouri or Kansas as the winds On the plus-side:: the photography is prevail). As an added attraction are three subtle and artistic, all actors are capable or four rather downtrodden looking Indians, and well-cast, and the general effect is not at all the Stamp of Sitting Bull. one of much potential power. The State has really hit a double gold Gregory Peck proves beyond doubt that mine, with the companion piece - a he's an actor of real stature - no mere "Merrie Melody"-is the vehicle wherein bobby-sox swoon boy. Valli can be conserv- is found Sylvester, the Scaredy Cat. Syl- atively described as enchanting in appear- vester must be seen to be appreciated. ance -and Louis Jourdan-although a little If you time your exit carefully, you may stiff here-shows promise of developing into be able to miss the short by Borrah Mine- an outstanding Menace. vitch and his Harmonica Rascals. None of the other people involved say -Bev Dippel. Clamp on Ideas GNE OF THE most basic and necesary functions of a democracy is to provide for "freedom of thought." This has .been done in our Constitution by the First Amendment which prohibits the government from making any laws restricting the ex- pression of ideas and beliefs. Most Americans have realized the nec- essity of this limit upon government. Thus popular opinion has thwarted all attempts to ban even such an unpopular philosophy as Communism. Recently public protest was adequate to stop passage of the Mundt Bill which was directed to this end, But the government is undaunted by the will of the people. iiis now attempting through the guise of a "criminal trial" what they failed to accomplish through direct legislation. The trial of the 12 Communist leaders is clearly an attempt to outlaw the Communist Party and exclude Communism from the free arena of ideas. These men have been charged under the Smith Act of 190 with "conspiring" to "advocate and teach" the overthrow of the governmrznt Not ene overt act directed toward this end is charged, There is not, as even the New York Times has falla- ciously stated, a charge that they have even conspired to ovrthrofs the govern- ment. The only thing .the indictments concern themselves with is the constitu- tional right of advocacy. The indictments, then, on their very face announce their own constitutional infringe- ments. Due process demands that the courts refuse to proceed with such a trial. Demo- cratic consciousness demands that the cit- izens protest this encroachment by the gov- ernment on the sovereign right to be the sole judges of idteats. It is naive to think that freedom of speech can be (lenied to Ihose who hold unpopular beliefs and still function as a freedom. Once the government succeeds in asserting its control over one type of idea there is little to prevent it from assuming authority over any idea. The trial of ths 12 is the trial of 12 times 12 million Americans. Its existence signifies that the government has the right to ques- tion idea.. I shoutld not be allowed to pro- ceed. -Jack Barense. I'D RATHER BE RIGHT: Ont Indonesia By SAMUEL GRAFTON THE UNITED STATES has backed down on Indonesia. After a wonderful start in pressing the case against the Dutch, we 1i, tlci , 1aI y acquiescing in the Dutch refusal to cease fire belore conquering all of Java. We have done this by the hu- miliating maneuver of requesting a Security Council postponeme nt on the case until Jan- uary 6. We have charged like Galahad and retreated like Falstaff. By doing so, we have allowed the Soviet Union to buy for a penny the right to speak as the coyscience of mankind. This is one of the great bargains of history. Let our diplomats win a few more such vie- tories for us over Communism, and we are undone. We have made it possible for Russia to heap maledictions upon the West, of a sort which all of Asia will approve, whether it hates Communism or loves it. Austrialia un- derstood the issue. It protested what we did. But we stood in our corner, mumbling some- thing about being optimistic, and about how the Security Council was, after all, imposing "a feeling of restraint" on the Dutch-in spite of the clear fact that the Council is imposing no restraints whatever. It was as if all the air had gone out of a balloon. Quite clearly, we have decided to stick with the West. Or, at least, we have de- cided we cannot afford to be too rough with one of the members of the Western Alliance, on which we depend for protec- tion against Russia. But what sort of protection against Russia is this, which we buy at the sprice of enor- mous defeats? What sort of safety do we purchase, at the cost of disintegration of our prestige's As a matter of fact, it turned out exactly that way on the Security Council resolu- tion ordering Israel to withdraw mobile troops from the Negev. Sometimes the logic of circumstances overrides even the aberra- tions of diplomacy. On the Negev resolution, we and tImhe Russians abstained together, making "'m;rae bedl(w5," the reporters said. We and the russians agreed here, not for love of ,cah other, but because in this case the facts were a little too sharp for even the most resourceful of fact-overlook- ers to overlook. The Negev resolution was pushed by the British, whose record of sympathy for the Arab invaders of Israel it will take at least two or three new Magna Chartas to wipe out. In gental, the Ncgev resolu- tion was forced through by the same "middle group" in the Security Council, neither Russian nor Anireican, which has, in effect, condoned the Dutch rape of Indonesia. Quite clearly, we have almost as deep an unsolved ideological dispute with our fellow members of the Western Alliance as we have with the Russians. It is suicidal for us to undertake a blanket arrangement of sup- port and friendship for these western na- tions without first coming to a satisfactory agreement with them as to where they stand fc-v ' i\7 C' -* 'NeOT'A Dtihiji oneiii ve, Yu i Car r }1 y-~ J j 14 1 /g lr I C I 6" DAILY OFFICIAL 'BULLETIN (Continued from Page 2) Program: "Mushrooms a n d Mushroom Habitats of the West- Chemistry Coloftju n: 4:15 erij tiiitcd States," by Alexander p.n. Wed., Ja n5, 1300 Chemistry i. Smith, Associate Professor of Bldg. Dr. Beth Cook will speak o Botln and Botanist in the Uni- "Alternation in Properties nd versity Herbarium. Polarity of Alkyl Chaines." "Recent Development Work at -------_I the Naval Tank," by Charles W. Chemistry Seminar: 7:30 p.m., Spooner, Jr. Assistant Professor Tues., @,Jan. 4, 1300 Chemistry of Mechanical and Marine Engi- Bldg. Mr. Richard Golub will neering. speak on "The Chemistry of Mari-- juana." Michigan Actuarial Club: 4:10 p.m., in 17 Rackham Building. Mathematics Cohlojuitui: 4 Prof. C. H. Fischer will discuss MATTER OF FACT: Truman's Meaning Letters to the Editor ... p.m., Tues., Jan. 4. 3201 Angelll Hall. Dr. Shizuo Kakutani of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, will-speak on Brownian1 Motion. Directed Teaching, Qualifying Examination: All students expect- ing to do directed teaching in thef spring term are required to pass a qualifying examination in the subject in which they expect to teach. This exanination, for all fields othe thn ."L wrill 1) held on Satturd;y, Jan. 8, at 8:30 a.m. Students will meet in the au- ditorium of the University High School. The examination will+ consume about four hours' time; promptness is therefore essential. Please bring bluebooks. Students who expect to do their1 directed teaching in science (bi- ology, chemistry, physics, general science? will take the examina- tion at 1 p.m., Sat., Jan. 8, 1011 University High School. Notice to Students Planning to do Directed Teaching: Students expecting to do directed teaching, for the secondary-school certifi- cate in the spring term, are rte- quested to secure assignments in Rm. 2442, University Elementary School, Thurs., Jan. 13, according to the following schedule: English, 8:30-9:30+ Social Studies, 9:30-10:30 Science and Mathematics, 10:30-11:30 All foreign languages, 11:30- 12 All others, and any having con- flicts at scheduled hours, and any having conflicts at scheduled hours, 2-3 or by appointment. I It is suggested that all students who have not yet made applica- tion for the teachers' certficiate in the School of Education office do so before reporting for their as-# signment. Concert s Notice of Change of Time: Af- ter January 1, all School of Music concerts and recitals will begin at 8 p.m., instead of 8:30, as inlhe past. Afternoon programs will be- given at 4:15, unless otherwise in- dicated. Student Recital: Helene Jarvis pianist, will present a program in partial fulfillment of the require- ments for the degree of Master of Music at 8 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Rackham Assembly Hall. A pupil of Joseph Brinkman, Miss Jarvis will play Franck's Prelude, Chor- ale and Fugue, Gviffes' Sonata, and Brahms' Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Handel. The public is invited. Events Today Science Research Club: 7:30+ p.m., Rackham Amphitheatre. By STEWART ALSOP WASHINGTON-If the matter were not so very serious, the reaction of official Washington to President Truman's remarks in Kansas City would have been vaguely amusing. Truman's startling statement that "certain Soviet leaders are exceedingly anx- ious to have an unierstanding with us" was published on Tuesday morning. Immediately all sorts of high officials were disturbed by the suspicion that something of the utmost importance had occurred--perhaps an ultra- secret feeler direct from the Kremlin to the White House-and that they had been left in ignorance of what had happened. Consequently, a kid of mutual dredg- ing operation has automatically been set in motion amon ; the State Department, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the eDefense De, aretment's intelligence divi- sions. lhe oject has been to find the answer to the question everyone has been asking: what in heaven's name lay behind the President's sensational assertion ? Molotov was cieseribed as holding the con- viction that the United States was heading straight into a major and catastrophic eco- nomic depression, which he believed was certain to begin very soon, probably before the end of 1949. Therefore he believed, ac- cording to the report sent to Truman, that the heaviot possible pressure should be maintained on" the non-Soviet world so that the Soviet Union would be in a position immediately and decisively to expand into the power vacuum left by the economic par- alysis of the United States. Moreover, according to the intelligence report, Molotov took the position that con- tinued Soviet pressure would itself have the effect of delaying the American de- pression, besides involving the risk of a Pension lans. reserve. Thus although Varga has been de- moted, he has not been liquidated. But the real point is that there was noth- ing in this report to suggest that any faction in the Kremlin was eager for a real under- standing with this country. It is conceivable (especially if one re- calls the famous episode of the Wallace speech) that Truman read the report hastily, and misunderstood it, and that his remark was an impulsive and unre- hearsed consequence of this misunder- standing. But it seems a good deal more probable that there really was no factual basis at all for what Truman said. It is also just possible, of course, that some sort of feeler has actually arrived from the Kremlin, and that it has been kept secret even from Truman's top advisers. But in any case, the episode is hardly reas- suring. It is generally agreed that Truman, especially after George Marshall leaves his post, intends to play a decisive role in shap- ing American policy, And that is a very serious business, in which there is no room for impulsive remarks, especially remarks based on a complete misunderstanding of the real sources of Soviet conduct. (Copyright, 1948, New York Herald Tribune, Inc.) Undergraduate Physics Club: Informal discussion, 7:30 p.m., Russian Tea Room, Michigan League. Club Europa: Election meeting,, 8 p.m., International Center. En- sian picture will be taken. Wolverine Club: Meeting, 7:15 p.m., Michigan Union. All active members must attend. Polonia Club: Meeting, 7:30 p.m., International Center. I.Z.F.H. Tuesday Night Study Group, 7:45 p.m. 3-A, Michigan Union. Square Dance Group: 7 p.m., Lane Hall. Christian Science Organization: Testimonial meeting, 7:30 p.m., Upper Room, Lane Hall. Co yinn Events Tau Beta Pi: Meeting, 7 p.m., Thurs., Jan. 6, Michigan Union. Election of officers, Delta Sigma Pi, Professional Business Fraternity: Business meeting, 8 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Chapter House. Pi Tau Sigma: Final meeting of semester, 7:15 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, rn. 3-B, Michigan Union. Elec- tion of officers. Institute of Aeronautical Sci- eces: Meeting, 7 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Michigan Union Ballroom. 'Ensian Picture will be retaken. Movie: "To Design for Living." Election of officers. Motion Pictures, auspices of the Audio-Visual Education Center. Biology and Zoology: Story of the Bees, Seashore Oddities. 4:10 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Kellogg Auditorium. American Institute of Electrical Engineering and institute of Ra- Jio Engineers: Field trip to Unit- States Rubber Company in De- roit,1 p.m., Wed., .Tan. 5. Meet- lng place is the Engine Arch. Es- tiiated time of return, 5 p.m. Tickets are available in 2514 E. Engineering Bldg. Pershing Rifles: Meeting, 7 p.m., Thurs., Jan. 6, R.O.T.C. Rifle Range. United World Federalists Speak- rs Bureau: Meeting, 7:30 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Michigan Union. Last meeting of the semester. Women of the University Facul- ty: Tea, 4-6 p.m., Wed., Jan. 5, Club room, Room D, Michigan League.t The Daily accords its readers the privilege of submitting letters for publication in this column. Subject to space limitations, the general pol- icy is to publish in the order in which ' they are received all letters bearing the writer's signature and address. Letters exceeding 300 words, repeti- tious letters and letters of a defama- tory character or such letters which for any other reason are not in good taste will not be published. The editors reserve the privilege of con- densing letters. * * * Congratulations To the Editor: CONGRATULATIONS to The Daily for the fine reporting with referene to the University's provision of adequate lighting fa- cilities in study halls and libraries. One phase of the administration s repair and maintenance cam- paign, however, has been sadly neglected; that is, the repair and refinishing of furniture in those same study hails and libraries. The condition of chairs, espe- cially the lower rungs, are par- ticularly important to the female segments of the student body that do not wear ,saddle shoes. It is said that nothing is quite so com- forting to the female state of mind as the ability to take off the shoes and wiggle the toes. The University certainly should not want to discourage such a well- founded practice by laying traps for the unwary coed. Today my wife, a student who seldom fails to engage in such a comforting practice whenever the opportunity exists, picked up a large and an- noying sprinter from the rung of a'chair in the main leading room of the main library. The sole of hre left foot feels fine now', thank you, and her socks were not damaged. We both advocate more ade- quate preventive maintenance. -James Zuckerman. Donation To the Editor: THE UNIVERSITY Chapter of the American Veterans Com- mittee is happy to present the Ann Arbor Community Chest with a contribution of $200.00. We the members of AVC both as Veterans and as Citizens feel a definite re- sponsibility to this community. Al- though for many of us Ann Arbor is not our permanent home, we feel that good citizenship can not be confined to any particular geo- graphical limits; we seek to up- hold the AVC motto, citizens first, veterans second. We present this donation with but one stipulation, that this money will be allocated only to those organizations which do not discriminate on the basis of race, creed or color. We hope that the Community Chest authorities will consider the feasibility of including the Vet- erans Readjustment Center in the annual Community Chest Drive, as those veterans are truly de- serving of community support. With this donation we wish to pledge ourselves to continue to fight for "A better America in a more peaceful world." -John H. Sloss, Vice-Chairman, AVC. =k k2' Injustice? To the Editor: ATELY, I have seen consider- ' able discussion in The Daily about the alleged injustice of or- ganizations excluding certain groups from membershiptherein and the AVC attempting to expe Communists from its membership I fail to see where injustice exist or how any person's freedom is in any way restricted because he cannot belong to a certain or- .;anization. It seems to me that any grour in a democracy has a right tc decide who shall be eligible for membership. To deny this right would be a breach of democratic liberties and would render effec- tive group action impossible by anyone. After all, some groups dc nave objectives they want to at- tain, and they have a right to ex- clude persons from their mem- bership that will not contribute tc these objectives. It is said that a person should be judged "on his own merits" re- gardless of religion or political 'elief. But, after all, what are a person's merits if not such things as his basic beliefs. In such a case, the Wallace Progressives, for instance, would nave to accept for membershi; whoever came along and request- ed it. Suppose 100 Republicans took advantage of thic, joined the organization and directed its ac- tion to their purpose. Imagine Fifty-N nth Year the howl that would go up. Would such action be justice? Some peo- ple might laughingly think so, but nevertheless, regardless of what one thinks of the Progressives, they do have a right to their or- ganization and so does the AVC. If the AVC does not want Com- munists determining its policies; then good enough. Let the Com- munists form their own group if they can and try to attain their ideals in that manner. -Stanley F. Dole. Indictments 'To the Editor: HE VAST majority of 'Amer- icans are hostile to fascism. Yet, between the sandwich-signs which scream 100 per cent Amer- icanism, walks the skeleton of fascism. Under the guise of pro- tecting the people from evil and alien thoughts, the Justice Dept. seeks to outlaw the Communist Party. The first move has been the indictment of the National Board of that Party. These indictmerts plainly state that advocacy of an idea is now punishable. No longer is a crim- inal act the criterion by which the courts may judge a person. In his first Inaugural Address, Abraham Lincoln said: "This country with its institutions be- longs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitu- tional right of amending it or their revolutionary right to dis- member or overthrow it." Abra- ham Lincoln stands indicted. Thomas Jefferson, in a letter to James Madison said: "I hold it that a little rebellion now and then is a good thing .. .' He too is Un-American. The Declaration of Independ- ence states ". . . that whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government," Must this docu- ment, too, be scrapped? These examples should be suf- ficient to show that, even were the indictments correct, which they are not, they still are based upon an act, which in effect, repeals the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. We hold that guilt by associa- tion is unlawful. We reject the notion that any court exists which has the right to sanction or enjoin any political thought! This is the skeleton of fascism that must be destroyed. Write to the President and the Attorney-General urging an immediate withdrawal of these indictments. This is not a case of abrogating the civil rights of 12 men, but rather a case of 12 times 12 million. -Robert E. Lawrence, Leon Soffin. Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Staff Harriett Friedman ...Managing Editor Dick Maloy ...... .....City Editor Naomi Stern.........Editorial Director Aliegra Pasqualetti ... aAssociate Editor Arthur Higbee ........Associate Editor Murray Grant.........Sports Editor Bud Weidenthal ..Associate Sports Ed, Bev Bussey ...... Sports Feature Writer Audrey Buttery ......Women's Editor Bess Hayes ................Librarian, Business Staff Richard Halt .......Business Manager Jean Leonard ....Advertising Manager William Culman .....Finance Manager Cole Christian ....Circulation Manager Telephone 23-24-1 "~- I-- Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusivei3 entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited to this newspaper, All rights of republication of all other matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscription during the regular school year by carrier, $5.00, by mail. $6.00, Looking Back FIFTY YEARS AGO TODAY: Returning students were greeted by a new dome on University Hall. The dome, replacing the old roof, had been in con- struction since the previous September. The Seward's Office announced that 3,039 students had been enrolled in the University BARNABY Come in the house, Jackie. The boys mother will make us some hot coffee. While I explain our little problem- You see, Barnaby has a new sled, but hel can't use it-Say, how do you do this? IV-,., : .. ., 1. . . T hat's my trouble-Achoo! All outside work. And how I hate cold weather! And SNOW- ;e rn-lThf' wn--FrI