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Real United Nations

THRE YEARS AGO, we thought we had
something.
San Francisco had been a success. The
United Nations was a reality. The first
step toward maintaining peace in the
world had been taken. People who remein-
bered that the League of Nations had died
in womb when the U.S. failed to join were
looking, hoping and planning for the
second try at world organization. It
seemed only a matter of time before the
UN would have at least a resemblance to
world government.
The UN of three years ago does not exist
today. Its whole character has been deter-
mined by the conlfict betweenthe U.S. and
Russia, modified by every other conflict
that has come up.
While Vishinsky uses the UN as a base for
spreading effective anti-U.S. propaganda
and paints a pretty picture of Russia's ac-
tions, stumbling, unsure western representa-
tives make attempt after attempt, all futile,
to explain our aims and explain our actions.
On other issues too, the UN, far from
leading the world toward a solution of its
problems, has found itself in a position
of following. The Palestine issue is but
one example of hopeless talking in the
UN.
The decision to set up a Jewish state
came from the UN, but if it hadn't come,
the state would have been formed anyway.
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
lnd represent the views of the writers only.

Jewish forces were doing the UN's job, but
they would have done it on their own if the
UN hadn't given its approval.
The original partition plan was agreed
to in principal because Israeli statesmen
.did not know the strength of the new
state and were satisfied that some terri-
tory was better than none. The UN did not
lead, but simply ook advantage of an
already existing situation. Here it came
out on the credit side of the ledger.
Bernadotte's limiting redefinition of the
boundaries of Israel got U.S. and British
support in the UN, but the government of
Israel, now sure of its military supremacy
will not follow them. There is no reason
why it should agree to a further reduction
of its territory.
It is clear that the only thing the UN
can do is wait until the Jewish govern-
ment decides it is satisfied with the boun-
daries of its state as defined by the
position of its fighting forces, and then
decree that the new area shall be the
official territory of Israel. It can again
come out on the credit side of the ledger.
But if the Un persists in supporting the
Bernadotte proposals, it will lose.
And it will lose on every issue -where
it runs counter to existing trends unless it
can find for itself an international police
force in being.
The chances of this are practically non-
existent. Three years ago, it was possible,
but U.S.-Russian relations have made it im-
possible. The UN cannot lead, and never
will be able to lead until it gets a .military
force.
The one hope for world peace is now
drifting on the shifting seas of international
developments with no hope of finding an
anchor.
-Al Blumrosen.

NIGHT EDITOR: DON McNEIL

... __


Backward Move?

WITH LITTLE notice from the newspa-
pers, the good old gang is getting back
into the saddle in Japan.
The tipoff came when the middle-of-the-
road, though inept, Ashida Cabinet fell over
a scandal which permeated all government
circles. Seizing this opportLnity, Shigeru
Yoshida, leader of the opposition Democra-
tic-Liberal Party which is neither demo-
cratic nor liberal) demanded and received
the premiership.
Yoshida achieved prominence as Japan's
prewar ambassador to Great Britain and
during the war was persorm-non-grata
Zi th the militarists because he advocated
a limited program of expansion in China,
rather than war against the Western pow-
ers. His liberalism, widely hailed, is strictly
of the seventeenth century type. His
party's economic program, -therefore, con-
sisting of proposals to lilt controls and
I rtufn to the laissez-faire system of old,
is not too surprising,
Yoshida, returning to power after an ab-
sence of two years as leader of the opposi-
tion, is not his own master. He faithfully
follows the line laid cown by the big bus-
inessmen, ultranationalists, and prewar cor-
rupt politicians vho were purged after the
-war and supposedly have been banished from
political influence. Thus, when he retires to
his seashore home, allegedly to nurse a
"cold," the nearness to the rsidence of the
prewar boss of the p rty enabls Yoshida
to receive more than just medicinal advice.
It is to the credit of MacAr.0ur's Gov-
ern;ent Section that it has waged a long
rearg-u-rdae io o ro ?)p upthe more
liberal p c o cbinets, but ciir-
cumstanees within and outside of Japan

have combined to make their task diffi-
cult. Various sections in MacArthur's
headquarters have been working to dis-
credit the liberal forces and have spared
no effort to boost the reactionaries.
Moreover, the government in power gets
blamed for what goes wrong in Japan to-
day, despite MacArthur's enthusiastic self-
congratulatory reports on the progress of
democracy under our guidance. Finally, the
anti-Communist world-wide program of the
United States plays right into the hands of
these forces in Japan who read the pro-.
nouncements of U.S. leaders, twist them to
suit their own designs, and then mouth them
to show that America is backing the Demo-
cratic Liberal Party straight down the line.
It's about the only thing Yoshida's cohorts
can talk about.
Our shortsighted policy in Japan, de-
manding, and consequently getting the
wished-for "democracy" from the comply-
ing Japanese, is partly to blame for the
circumstances which have paved the way
for Yoshida's return. If we were more in-
tent on building democratic principles in
Japan and less intent on fighting the
negligible force which the Communists can
muster there, our chances of retaining
Japan within the U.S. orbit in the long
run would be greatly enhanced.
It is highly essential that Japan receive
economic aid, but let's make certain that
this wealth does not find its way into the,
hands of the reactionaries who made billions
during the period of confusion right after
the surrender and now again stand to gain
by cleverly playing alongdwith their newly
discovered American friends.
---Ulrich A. Straus.

I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
nonfire Days
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
ED NOTICED the election poster as he left
the railroad station to walk home, and
it made him think of all the presidential
elections he had seen in his time.
It also made him feel a little old, because
when a man has lived through six or seven
presidential elections he is not, Ed thought,
a young fellow any more.
Many of the trees wese bare already, Ed
noticed as lie climbed the long hill, though
there was one maple, which was belatedly
making a spectacle of itself, its leaves a
yellowy fire color,
Ed stopped and regairded the tree. [t
looked like a bonfire. They'd had wonder-
ful bonfires on election night in the old
days, he remembered. There had been a
huge bonfire one year, on a hill much
like this. When was that? Tweny-eight,
he thought; Hoover and l Smith.
Or could the big fire hve been n twetya-
four? Coolidge and Davs.
* * *
There hadn't been much in the way of
bonfires the last few elections. Not when
Roosevelt was running. You were really too
interested in the elections, these years, to
think much about fires.
They went with an earlier period, those
bonfires, when election day was just a
kind of holiday, and there weren't many
issues that you thought about too deeply.
The bonfires went with the age of inno-
cence, thought Ed, the era of big talk at
the barber shop, when elections were more
like remote sorting eoinss than any-
thing else.
Things had changed sin'e the bonfire
days, Ed thought. Elections now were pretty
serious things.
* *Y **
He hoped Truman would win this time.
It would be kind of significant to have Tru-
man win, if only to upset so many of Roose-
velt's former enemies who now thought they
had the country neatly lined up, in a sit-
uation in which it couldn't do anything
except elect Dewey. It would be important to
disappoint Dewey; there was an annoying
something about the way Dewey was so sure
he was going to win that lie talked gen-
eralities in his campaign speeches.
Disappoint Dewey. Not a bad way to ap-
peal for votes, Ed thought.
But there was also something so pa-
thetic about the election ths time, Ed
thought. Almost no campaign buttons;
almost no quarrels on the commuting
trains. Dewey called it unity; it was
really just a kind of bewilderment. The
issues were there, all right; but it was
oddly hard to get at them.
S* *
As Ed topped the hill he came upon a
middle-aged man pushing an empty barrel
down the road in front of him.
"Hi," said Ed, recognizing a neighbor.
"Hi," said the other man. "We're getting
some stuff together for a bonfire election
night, on the sand lot. You want to help?
We heard some of the kids were going
to do it, so we thought," he smiled insin-
cerely, "the older men ought to supervise
it, and keep it safe."
"How are you going to vote?" asked Ed.
"Vote?" said the other. "Oh, I don't know.
I guess I'll vote for one of them, when
I get in there. Want to help rme get some
of this stuff over to te lot?"
(Copyright, 1948, New Yok Post Corporation)
ADMIRAL William 11. P. Blandy, comman.
der-in-chief of the Atlantic fleet, termed
a 30-day preventive atomic war "danger-
ous' in a Navy Day speech in Dtroit.
While in passing the Admiral might be
condemned for implying a little dangr.
could stop the United States, the terrify-

ing thing is that not once was the moral
implication of such a war mention d.
The speech implied the boys would seri-
ously consider pulling the atomic trigger if
they thought we stood a reasonable chance
to win. And this from a full admiral.
The cold war is, to a large extent, a
clashing of ideas, and certainly the calm,
logical consideration of such a war by a
high American official doesn't tend to
further an atmosphere of peace; rather it
leads towards more feverish defense
measures on both sides. And then some
minor incident sets off the spark .. .
Even more important is the theoretical
side-the United States is assumed believes
that war is civilization's most choking kind
of hell and thus has never started one.
Is it barely possible that our military offi-
cials are considering a revision of this idea?
-John Davies
IT SO IIAIPPENS
* Modesty
I Dood It ..
NE OF OUR less athletic looking re-
i porters went over to interview Fritz
Crisler early last week, soon after said
reporter broke his arm in a bicycle accident.
Nodding toward the sling, Fritz solicitously
asked what happened. "Ah well," answered
our staff man, with a martyred look, "You

News of the Week

INTERNATIONAL
All developments were tentative in the international scene this
week as diplomats in every foreign capitol awaited the outcome of the
American elections.
West Europe. .
The five powers that comprise the Brussels alliance, Britain,
France, Holland, Belgium and the Netherlands announced that they
would seek a North Atlantic pact with the United States. Their am-
bassadors were instructed to begin negotiations in Washington im-
mediately after the election.
* * 4 *
French Coal......
Tanks, machine guns and hand grenades came into play in French
coal centers this week as troops moved in on the strike-bound mines.
Over 200 casualties were reported as strikers used German potato
masher grenades and machine guns and soldiers in tanks forced their
way into the disputed areas.
Berlin.. . .
The compromise plan to settle the East-West split in Berlin was
vetoed by Russia's Vishinski. The proposal would have meant the im-
mediate lifting of the blockade and the establishment of Soviet cur-
rency, under four-power control in the Berlin Area.

(Continued from Page 2)

The Daily accords its readers the
privilege of submitting letters for
publication in this column.' Subject
to space limitations, the general pol-
icy is to publish in the order in which
they aretreceived all letters bearing
the writer's signature and address.
Letters exceeding 300 words, repeti-
tious letters and letters of a defama-
tory character or such lettersw hich
for any other reason are not in good
taste win not be published. The
editors' reserve the privilege of con-
densing. letters.
' . w
Don't Misunderstand
To the Editor:
HOPE THAT no one thinks that
the.enumeration of my rights
to talk on the mall from 12-4 shall
be construed to deny me the right
to talk any other time or any
other place.
-James Davies.
* * *
Hope fulfGoals
To the Editor:
IT IS A PLEASANT thing in days
like this to witness the cam-
paigns of Tom Dewey and Earl
1t.

"Notice How Warm It's Getting?:

vember 1 and 2) in Office
Barbour Gymnasium.

Letters to the Editor ...

15,

4& IL C


Palestine.... .
At weeks end, Israeli forces were making new andi
vances in southern Palestine, which was the scene of
last week between Israeli and Egyptian soldiers.

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN

Warren. It is a hopeful thing to
see courageous goals set forth by
men who are progressives, admin-
istrators, and leaders in the
broadest sense.
Firmly convinced that the gov-
ernent in America is capable of
working for the welfare of indus-
try, small business, labor, and the
farmer alike without playing fa-
vorite with any one segment of
the economy; that government can
provide the maximum security and
progress without infringing on the
structure of a free society, that
our government can serve a united
people through a bipartisan for-
eign policy which will fulfill our
moral obligations to the world and
strengthen our role in the United
Nations, Governor Dewey and
Governor Warren propose to show
the "Progressives" what progres-
sivism really is!
To charges of "evasiveness,"
"anti-labor," "reactionary," and
"unqualified" leveled at Im by
the frightened politicos, Tom
Dewey's record in New York State
speaks louder than words. Income
taxes were reduced by 40 per cent
and business taxes 25 per ,cent
while the state debt was reduced
27 per cent and a tax surplus of
$623,000,000 built up. Pay in-
creases of 77 per cent for state em-
ployes, a bill requiring equal pay
for men and women, and the
model Anti-Discrimination Em-
ployment Act have been enacted.
The Dewey administration spon-
sored an emergency rent control
law after most of the nation had
been taken off such safeguards.
The state veteran housing proj-
ects rank first in the nation. Fa-
ilities for educating veterans
have been expanded from 104,000
to cover 230,000. While all this
was going on, Tom Dewey, un-
snarled red tape in New York's
government as had never been
done before and he can do it in
Washington!
As a New Yorker and a student
of progressive views, I hail Tom
Dewey as president of the United
States. True American progres-
sives everywhere will join Roose-
velts confidants as ex-ambassador
Bullitt, former Governor Charles
Edison of New Jersey, and our
former minister to Norway as
well as half the Liberal Party in
New York, most of the nation's
independent press, numerous labor
leaders, and farm organizations
in rejoicing at the election of Tom
Dewey and Earl Warren. They will
see that our hope for a new era
in the U.S. lies in the liberal wing
of the Republican Party of Theo-
dore Roosevelt and Wendell Will-
kie which is led today by Senator
Wayne Morse, Rep. Charles Eaton,
Rep. George Bender, Senator Van-
denberg, John Dulles, Rep. Judd,
Senator Saltonstall, and Harold
Stassen who with young energetic
men on the Dewey-Warren team
will bring enlightenment and vigor
to the nation's capital which we
so sorely need.
-Howard Hartzell.

unopposed ad-I
fierce fighting


MATTER OF FACT:

By JOSEPH AND STEWART ALSOP
IT IS NOW PLAIN that Governor Thomas
E. Dewey, long before - he is officially
established in the White House, will be faced
with a great and crucial decision. He can
decide to approve a fundamental-and ex-
pensive - departure in American foreign
policy by negotiating a formal defense pact
with a number of European nations.
Or he can decide to attempt to shove
the whole painful business under the rug.
Either way, it will not be an easy decision.
The foreign ministers of the five Western
Union nations-Britain, France, and the
three Benelux countries-have now decided
to propose to the United States the opening
of formal negotiations for a defensive pact.
This is, of course, no sudden and un-
anticipated decision. Ever since the passage
of the Vandenberg esolution, which called
for the "association" of the United States
with the Western European nations, in-
formal, "exploratory" talks have been going
forward.
On the one hand, the Ambassadors in
Washington of the five European powers
have been discussing with the American pol-
icy makers, and especially with Under Sec-

sorts of subsidiary difficulties, such as the
desire of the French for at least tacit
assurance that in case of war the Amer-
ican strategy will be based on the defense
of Western Europe rather than of Spain.
But the central problem is perfectly ob-
vious. It is, to put it bluntly, money.
If a pact were negotiated which failed
to include some commitment by the United
States to aid the rearmament of Western
Europe, it would be evident to all con-
cerned that the pact was a mere paper
agreement, without meaning. It would thu,s
be not only useless but worse than useless.
Yet if Dewey backs away from the pro-
posed security pact now, the results abroad
could well be disastrous. If he does not,
there are certain to be a great many furi-
ously disillusioned Republicans. In a way, it
seems unfair that so difficult a decision
should be forced on Dewey even before he
becomes President. But if the bullet has to
be bitten, perhaps it is better that it should
be bitten right away.
Copyright, 1948, New York Herald Tribune Inc.)
Looking Back
50 YEARS AGO TODAY:
An article in The Daily read: "Notice is
hereby given to all students owning dogs
within Ann Arbor, that there is an ordinance
imposing a license of $1.25 on male and

IRP.....
The day after Economic Cooperation officials announced the
sending of a three hundred million dollar loan to Britain, Secretary
of State George Marshall halted the remaining program of ERP gifts
to Europe. The gifts were held up pending the signing of repayable
loans by the nine countries involved.
NATIONAL
Politics. . . . . .
Dewey was one day behind President Truman as the two major
candidates made their last campaign swing around the country, Presi-
dent Truman still blasting the Eightieth Congress and now throwing
some allegedly dirty cracks at Dewey, and the New York governor
fighting for the Senate seats of a number of his party's incumbents.
At weeks end, the consensus gave the Democrats a good chance to
capture the Senate of the Eighty-first Congress.
Investigation.....
After investigator J. Parnell Thomas, head of the Un-American
Affairs Committee of the House, had cried "politics" at a Justice De-
partment investigation of his committee payroll, it was announced
that the probe would be postponed until after the elections. Thomas
is running for re-election.
LOCAL
Worker's Education Service .....
The Board of Regents actions in revamping the Worker's Edu-
cation Service came under fire at a meeting of religious and political
groups in Detroit this week.
Addressing an empty chair (Gov. Sigler was fogged in at Muske-
gon, couldn't make it) the group charged that General Motors had
pressurized the University in its actions.
Meanwhile, University Extension Service announced that the en-
rollment for its courses had now passed 21,000.
On the Mall .....
The Political Speakers Ban was lifted slightly this week to permit
students to gather on the mall near the flag poll to discuss political
problems.
The Rules: No leaders, no actions of violence or disorderly con-
duct, and "sponteneous discussion" could only occur from 1 to 5 p.m.
At weeks end, an effort by Daily editors to test the ban by starting
a discussion ended in failure. No students gathered to take part.
* * * *
Homecoming . . . . .
At Hill Auditorium the students gathered for traditional Varsity
Night with the Michigan Band, the best in campus talent and a bevy
of top professional performers.
*4 * * * -
Grades .....
The grade averages were out this week and houses Which had held
their breath could relax. The overall average had popped up from last
year .01 to 2.57. Fraternities, who had begun to worry found their
overall was 2.49.
2.4 Averages .....
At an open meeting in the Union, IFC heard both sides of the
argument, agreed to ask for a special meeting of the Interfraternity
Alumni Conference to consider the question. Meanwhile, Office of Stu-
dent Affairs announced it went into effect with this semester.

Concert
Carillon Recital: Another in the
current series of carillon pro-
grams will be presented at 2:15
p.m., Sun.,. Oct. 31, by Prof. Price,
University Carillonneur. The all-
Bach program will include in-
strumental solos: Prelude 1, Air,
Minuet, Presto, Prelude; Air and
Gigue from Suite 3; two cantatas,
Strike, Long'd for Hour, and
Sheep May Safely Graze; choral
preludes, Jesu, Joy of Man's De-
siring, and Sleepers Wake!
Events Today
Saturday Lunch Discussion:
12:15 p.m., Fireplace Room, Lane
Hall. Review of Dr. Arnold Toyn-
bee's book, "Civilization on Trial."
Lane Hall: Saturday supper at
Lane Hall in the Fireplace room,
5-7 p.m.
Westminster Guild - Wiener
roast after the game. Meet at
council ring in back of church.
Swimming-Women Students:
Union Pool-Saturday, 9-10
a.m. Recreational Swimming
10-11 a.m. Michifish
Coming Events
Polonia Club: Members and
guests are invited to take part in
a hike scheduled for Sun., Oct. 31.
Meet at the side entrance of the
Michigan Union, 2 p.m.
Graduate Outing Club will meet
at 2:30 p.m. Sun., Oct. 31, at
northwest entrance to Rackham
for hike. All graduates welcome;
please sign list at Rackham check-
room desk before noon Saturday.
U. of M. Hot Record Society:
Mr. Phil Diamond will give a pro-
gram on "Early White Jazz Ar-
tists," Sun., 8 p.m., Michigan
League Ballroom. Everyone is in-
vited.
United World Federalists in-
vite students and faculty members
interested in world government to
attend a radio broadcast on world
government featuring Raymond
Gram Swing and Dr. Lawrence
Preuss which will originate from
the University Radio Studios (4th
Floor Angell Hall) Mon., Nov. 1,
3 p.m. Program will be broadcast
over WXYZ. Please be in studio
by 3 p.m. (half hour program).
Graduate History Club Coffee
Hour: Mon., Nov. 1, 4 to 5 p.m.,
Clements Library. All graduate
history students and faculty cor-
dially invited.
Alpha Kappa Psi: Business
meeting, Chapter House, Mon-
day, November 1, 7:30 p.m.
Phi' Sigma: Regular meeting will
be held on Mon., Nov. 1 at 8 p.m.,
Rackham Amphitheatre. Dr.
Claude W. Hibbard will present
an illuatrated lecture on "Fossil
Hunting on the High Plains."
Open to the public. A business
meeting will be held at 7:30 p.m.
for the purpose of electing a
delegate to the national conven-
tion.

Fifty-Ninth Year

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Student Publications.
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Naomi Stern .........Editorial Director
Allegra Pasqualetti ....Associate Editor
Arthur Higbee.......Associate Editor
Murray Grant..........Sports Editor
Bud Weidenthal ..Associate Sports Ed.
Bev Bussey ..Sports Feature Writer
Audrey Buttery......Women's Editor
Bess Hayes ..................Librarian
Business Staff
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retary of State Robert Lovett, the
the proposed "association" is to take.
On the other hand, various military
resentatives of the United States
been closeted with the Western Unionz
tary staff committee, considering

form
rep-
have
mili-
the

BARNABY

amount of military aid which will be re-
quired from the United States to place

I

I'll make the changes you want in the plans,
Mr. Merrie. Are you drivina back to town?

Kc

Hev. You want to come in I f