THE MIC IIGAN DAILY

SUNDAY, MAY 16, 1948




B'rth of a Nation

H ISTORICAL DATES are often unnoticed
at the time of their occurrence. But
Friday, May 14, 1948 is a date which the
world can mark as one of importance. The
State of Israel was founded.
But perhaps more important than the
actual creation of Israel was the action
taken by the government of the United
States. That night, President Truman
officially recognized the Jewish govern-
ment as the ruling authority in the areas
in question.
For some 2,000 years, the wanderings of
the Jews have been a blot on the record
of civilization's advancement towards a
higher regard for the individual members
of mankind. It was entirely fitting there-
fore, that the United States, the first nation
to recognize, within itself, the rights of its
people, should cast off any doubts, any
thought of its own economic and political
interests, and encourage in the Jews the
thing we have heralded as a part of Amer-
icanism.
Now the test resides in the United Na-
tions. The question is one of whether that
organization, based on an ideal even
higher than that upon which America was
built, will have the strength to become the
governing body of the world. The test is
one of authority. With the United States
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
ire written by members of The Daily stafff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Night Editor: ALLEGRA PASQUALTTI

behind it, the United Nations is once
again in whole-hearted support of the
partitioning of Palestine.
But Friday, the Arab League began its
holy war. The Egyptian Army entered the
Holy Land. Actions as out of step with
the idea behind the United Nations as our
own withdrawal from the Palestine parti-
tioning have been undertaken. If the United
Nations is to have final authority in inter-
state disputes, they, the Arab nations, must
be made to abide by the decision.
Some of the responsibility lies with us.
Our momentary shifting of policy led the
Arabs to believe we backed their ideas. It is
therefore, the American responsibility to see
that the Palestine situation is clarified once
and for all. Russia is behind the partition-
ing, a significant fact in that it shows the
ways in which National States can make
this organization work.
The United Nations should have an Army.
It must have the force with which to en-
force its decisions, whether they be in re-
gards to Palestine or another part of the
world.
With confidence in our ability, with
unity of action, the world can truly be-
come a United Nation. President Tru-
man's statement is an indication. The
United States, which has hesitated to take
up its responsibility to the world, has
taken an action that guides the way.
It was a happy birthday for the State of
Israel, but it was a happy birthday for many
Americans too-those who have been hoping
that their country would one day adopt
new concepts of its relations with the world.
-Don McNeil.

t BOOKS +
FIRE, By George R. Stewart, Random to so construct the novel that it follows
House, $3.00, 336 pages.s a constant, wearying pattern throughout.
Yet, for all the failures, there are some
9 IS IS THE STORY of the birth, life individually moving, exciting and stim-
and death of a forest fire, and of the ulating passages. The scenes of actual
men who fought it and brought it to its fire fighting, when they are not over-
death. The author has seemingly attempt- burdened with technical descriptions, are
ed to make a living active force of fire, a deeply engaging. The human conflict
force against which men are pitted, and between the Ranger, Bart, and his super-
must struggle for survival. In a sense, then, ior, the Supervisor, and Bart's own in-
the fire becomes the protagonist. ternal struggle are real and moving. But
There are many reasons why the book even on this human level there is another
fails, both in its details and in its entire peculiar failure. The girl lookout, who
scope. With the exception of some notable took the job to escape the world after an
passages of direct action, which are un- unsuccessful love, and whose love affair
deniably vivid, much of the story never with the young, handsome weather ob-
comes alive. One reason for this peculiar server is so obviously contrived, is un-
failure is that the narrative is broken fre- convincing enough to be embarrassing to
quently by sections of pure, technical des- the reader. The author's intention with
cription. The science of fire fighting as her throughout is so patent.
it is practiced in the big forests is largely At. the same time that he is presenting
unfamiliar to the vast public. the struggle, he is also attempting to dimes-
Consequently, the author is faced with sionalize his people. In a few of his male
the necessity of informing the general charpters he succeeds; in many of them
reader about the facts of techniques and he does not; and in the girl his failure
equipment employed. This becomes rather is remarkable. In general, we cannot escape
dull stuff, but I cannot see how the prob- the impression that the whole is contrived.
lem could have been avoided. It is ob- All the strings on which the puppets move
vious that the author is conscious of it are visible to the audience, and some of the
and trying to cope with it throughout the time the very hands which hold them.
novel. In certain passages he has handled There is yet another confusion which de-
it not unskillfully; yet he has not really pressed this reviewer. One is never quite
succeeded in keeping his detail from in- certain what, other than to make the fire
terfering with the action. live, is the author's aim. At times it seems
that he is about to draw metaphysical con-
Because so much of the detail is of this clusions, but just as he constructs them, he
scientific, factual nature, the whole story tears them down with a kind of watered-
is robbed of much of the emotional impact down science that is more difficult toac-
that it might have had. Furthermore, the cept. So one is puzzled to find a meaning
book's very structure is built upon the same of any importance in the book. There are
kind of logical, factual, objective presenta- many avenues indicated: science, metaphy-
tion. And thus, the structure, instead of sics, folklore, human beings. But they re-
offsetting the difficulties arising from the main separate paths, moving in diverse di-
material, merely strengthens the initial im- rections, and they are nowhere made to
pression of diffusion. The possibilities in- meet. It is just such a meeting that is
herent in a struggle of two opposing forces requisite if the novel is to have a meaning.
are tremendous, but the author has chosen -Margery Wald
EConoTics for Congress

MATTER OF FACT:
Kremlin's Choice
By STEWART ALSOP
VIENNA-In this bedraggled city, once so
gay and now so dreary, there is little
surface evidence of fear. The Austrian
people have become oddly hardened to liv-
ing under the Soviet sword of Domocles.
Yet even as this is written, the future of
Austria is being decided in Moscow, an
the future of the world will surely be closely
affected by the decision. For the Western
negotiators in London, by refusing to con-
tinue the haggling on the Austrian treaty,
have quite clearly said to the Russians,
"your move."
Thus it is now up to the Kremlin to
choose, once and for all. The Soviets can
try for the whole Austrian loaf, by signing
a treaty and thus ensuring the evacuation
of the Western troops. Or they can accept
half a loaf, and try to incorporate only
their zone of Austria into the monolithic
structure of the great Soviet European em-
pire. In either choice there are clearly
explosive possibilities.
The Communist party that failed so dis-
mally in Italy is the strongest and best-in
the West. The Austrian Communist party
is small and weak, with leaders so inept
that they have been rudely reprimanded
by both the Cominform and the Kremlin.
For all these reasons, it is now believed
probable-though still not certain-that
the Kremlin will resist the temptation of a
bold gamble for all of Austria, and the
treaty negotiations will break down, prob-
ably never to be resumed.
But if that happens, those who have fol-
lowed Soviet policy at close range expect
the beginning of an entirely new, and per-
haps extremely critical phase. Once a treaty
becomes no longer a possibility, the pressure
on the Western powers in Vienna will al-
most certainly increase. The Soviets, en-
tirely surrounding Vienna, will no doubt
make things as difficult as possible for the
Westerners.
Perhaps nothing of the sort will happen.
Yet it is well to consider in advance what
the Western policy is to be. For a Soviet
attempt to expel the Austrian government
from its zone of Austria will be in flagrant
violation of treaty. And to this sort of
overt attack, the Western powers must
somehow respond firmly.
(Copyright, 1948, New York Herald Tribune)
Humanity's Loss
WITH THE DEATH of Father E. J. Flan-
agan in Berlin yesterday, a great world
humanitarian has passed from the scene.
The famed founder of Boys Town, Ne-
braska, died of a heart attack while on an-
other of his never-ending missions to im-
prove man's love for his neighbor. At the
time of his death Father Flanagan was in-
specting German youth facilities at the
invitation of the U.S. Army, on a tour sim-
ilar to the one he made in Japan last year.
An outstanding example of a man
whose faith in human goodness and un-
derstanding was unshakable, Father Flan-
agan devoted his whole life to the ideas
which he saw in it. With ninety dollars
in his pocket and the simple creed "There
is no such thing as a bad boy," he founded
Bolys Town in 1917, trusting in the in-
herent goodness of men to help him carry
out his dream. His faith was not be-
trayed, and although contributions came
in slowly at first, Father Flanagan's great
purpose gradually won recognition and
financial aid.
By 1937 Boys Town had become an in-
corporated community with its own post-
office and government. The Hollywood film

"Boys Town" made Father Flanagan and
his project known all over the world, but
fame did not change him-he remained
kind, sympathetic and unaffected as always.
Although made a monsignor in 1937, he re-
mained "Father Flanagan" to the world and
to his boys.
Boys Town was not the first of Father
Flanagan's activities in behalf of human
understanding. His work with destitute
and Jobless men in Omaha in 1914 was
what gave him the inspiration for the
founding of Boys Town, because among
these men he found many whose youths
had been homeless and neglected.
The happy childhoods of thousands of
boys are convincing testimony to the success
of Father Flanagan's life work. Death will
not bring an end to his achievements, but
the world can well pause in tribute to a man
who had the courage and faith to live for
his ideal.
-Pat James.
Looking Back
From the pages of The Daily.
Twenty years ago today:
It was University day at Ford Airport
as 130 students were guests of Ford-Stout
Air Motors. Special rates were offered for
25 minute plane rides in 14 passenger cabins.

INTERNATIONAL ...
A New Israel
As Britain surrendered her 25-year Pale-
stine Mandate at midnight, Friday, the in-
dependent Jewish State of Israel was al-
ready a fact. President Truman surprised
the Arabs and threw the UN into turmoil
by recognizing the state and Soviet Foreign
Minister Molotov gave an. unofficial echo
of the President's announcement for the
Soviet.
A week of fierce fighting, climaxed by
Haganah's capture of Jaffa and the Arab
capture of Kfar Etzion, saw Tel Aviv be-
ing bombed Friday night. The Egyptian
government ordered its troops into Pales-
tine, two columns of Egyptian troops cross-
ing the frontier at dawn Friday.
Peace in Jerusalem was a hope, when a
15-nation sub-group of the UN special Pale-
stine Assembly approved a temporary trus-
teeship for that city.
* * * *
Very Cold War
A brief pause in the Cold War was sight-
ed when the Moscow Radio announced that
The Russian government had accepted an
offer by the United States for a conference
to settle differences between the two coun-
tries.
Secretary of State George C. Marshall
rejected the conference as a means of set-
tlement. He said, however, that the door
was open to vastly improved relations with
Russia, and indicated his suspicion that
Russian policy would soften. The statement
that the U.S. had suggested the conference
was denied.
* * * *
Anticlimax
The Italian Parliament elected banker
Luigi Enaudi as first president of the Italian
Republic. Enaudi's election came after For-
eign Minister Carlo Sforza had requested
his name be dropped from the list of candi-
dates.
Abdication
Queen Wilhelmina of The Netherlands
announced that she will abdicate in favor
of her daughter Juliana after her golden
jubilee.
* * * *
NATIONAL
Labor
The nation breathed a sigh of relief when
the threatened rail strike failed to mater-
ialize. On Monday, President Truman pro-
claimed seizure of all railroads in the name
of the Government to avert a "Nation-wide
tragedy." But Secretary of the Army Royall,
following the President's seizure order, was
turned down on a personal request to the
unions to stay on the job, and Federal Judge
T. Alan Goldsborough issued a restraining
order telling the union leaders to cancel the
strike.
In other major labor disputes, efforts to
keep employes at work have been less suc-
cessful. On Wednesday, 75,000 Chrysler
workers walked out after numerous attempts
to mediate a wage dispute had failed. Gov.
Kim Sigler said he would offer his services
as mediator after the situation had cooled
off. Meanwhile the legality of the strike
has been questioned. Under Michigan's
Bonine-Tripp Act, the State Labor Media-
tion Board must conduct a strike vote
among the workers. UAW officials dis-
agreed, claiming that such a vote is outside
of -State competence since Chrysler main-
tains several plants outside of Michigan.
A telephone tieup loomed in view at
week's end as John J. Moran, head of CIO
telephone workers declared a strike was
inevitable because of failure to negotiate
a settlement with American Telephone and
Telegraph.
* * *
Defense Legislation
The seventy-group Air Force was finally
passed in Congress when the Senate voted
74 to 2 for the measure, that provided $3,-
000,000,000 to build it. The appropriation

went to the President for his signature.
Other defense measures were making
slower progress, but the Senate Armed Serv-
ices Committee filed a bill subjecting men
19 through 25 to a draft (and two years of
service with the armed forces. The bill
also provides for registration of men from
18 through 25 and physicians through 45.
* * * '
Education
A plan to provide the South with a
system of regional universities received a
blow last week when a 38 to 37 vote sent
the bill back to the Judiciary Committee.
Opponents said the plan was to be used to
circumvent recent Supreme Court rulings
that Negroes must be given equal educa-
tional facilities with whites.
* * *
Politics
The States Rights Democrats, a group of
Southern Democrats opposed to President
Truman and his civil rights program met
in Jackson last week. The group voted
unanimously to hold their own nominating
convention if the Philadelphia convention
nominated Truman or failed to repudiate
the civil rights program. Most speculation
for the nomination of the "rump" conven-
tion centered around Sen. Walter George
of Georgia.

At its 1948 presidential convention in Read-
ing, Pa., the Socialist Party named five-
time candidate Norman Thomas to head the
party ticket and Prof. Tucker Smith of Oli-
vet College as Vice-Presidential candidate.
* * *
Supporters of William O. Douglas an-
nounced a state-wide convention of Demo-
crats for Douglas, to be held May 28 in
Lansing. The meeting would coordinate ac-
tivities of the group, originated in Ann
Arbor, with the Douglas groups in Chicago
and other midwestern areas.
* * *
Civil Rights
The Mundt Bill, legislation to limit activ-
ities of Communist parties, was brought
out on the House floor this week, was greet-
ed with animosity locally. Faculty members
and townspeople joined forces to telegraph
Congress opposing the bill and a student
group, Students Against the Mundt Bill, was
organized to fdrmulate a student protest.
LOCAL
Expert Opinion
Prof. James K. Pollock, chairman of the
political science department, left last week
for Berlin, Germany to advise Gen. Lucius
Clay on the problems of integrating Mar-
shall Plan aid with the German economy.
Prof. Pollock said that the purpose of his
journey will be to develop a plan within
which Great Britain, France and the United
States will be able to implement effectively
the European Recovery Program in the
three western zones of Germany.
* *" *
End of an Era
Ozzie Cowles, basketball cach who built
the team which skyrocketed Michigan to th
top of the BigNine within two years, left to
take a job as basketball coach at the Uni-
versity of Minnesota.
* * *
Benefactor
The University student body as a whole
suddenly found itself richer by $1,000,000
when the will of Crapo Smith was found
to contain a provision for "securities and
cash in excess of $1,000,000, the entire
amount to be used as gifts, loans, scholar-
ships and rewards of merit for University
of Michigan students.
- *
More Polities
Campus political groups were assured this
week that the Student Activities Committee
would not release information regarding
student membership in a political group
unless specifically requested to do so by
the student. At the SAC meeting, Tuesday,
the way was potentially open for large scale
political rallies, as a result of new inter-
pretations of the Political Ban.
* * *
Legislature
A reduced rate on football programs for
students was in the offing, following Fritz
Crisler's suggestion and the SL's endorse..
ment. The proposal would now go to the
Board in Control of Athletics.
The Legislature, in its meeting Tuesday,
also amended the Men's Judiciary Consti-
tution, named its delegates to the NSA
meeting in Madison, Wisconsin, and offered
an amendment to the NSA constitution,
permitting investigations of academic free-
dom violations by regional NSA organiza-
tions.
IF WE REJECT the idea that our aid-for-
housing institutions require a major over-
haul, we have to call in the slide rule wizards
and ask them to conjure up new formulas
that will preserve the status quo and achieve
housing for families with modest incomes.
The common denominator of the sugges-
tions that have been made is a set of
fictions that conceal from all but the
sophisticated the nature of this sleight-of-
hand.
Tax exemption is a popular feature of
these proposals. It does not require appro-
priations, and huge hidden subsidies can

sometimes be concealed in it. An equivalent
cash subsidy would lge "inexpedient politi-
cally," since the public would be quick to
perceive what was going on. Uncontrolled
tax exemption, as granted during the early
1920's, was an outrageous subsidy to specu-
lative builders of shoddy housing. Never-
theless, it is being proposed today in slightly
modified form.
Procedures that would favor special
groups are included in many of the new
schemes. The American Legion's Veteran
Homestead bill, for example, would allow
five or more veterans to organize an associa-
tion to build, buy, or rent real estate. If the
Veteran's Administration were lenient in
administering the law, many veterans would
incur losses; if the V. A. were tough, few
houses would be built.
Befuddled by contradictions and com-
plexities such as these, we have forgotten
America's strength. Our productive capacity
can achieve unbelieveable goals when pro-
perly channeled. America can do pretty
much what it wants to do, if it wants to bad-
ly enough. But unless we cut through our
tangled system of aid for housing before
the undergrowth gets any thicker, we may
find house-building choked off.
-The Nation

Week in Review

 DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
(Coutnued from Page 3)
Symphony (also over Michigan
FPM network).
10:45 p.m., WHRV, Workshop
Drama (Speech Department).
Ann Arbor Civic Orchestra: The
International Center presents, as
its last scheduled program of the
current semester, the Ann Arbor
Civic Orchestra in a program of
classical music, 8 p.m., Ballroom,
Michigan Union. The public is
invited. Program is complimen-
tary.

Gallery Talk: John Marin Ex-
hibition, by Mr. David R. Coffin,
Instructor in Fine Arts; Museum
of Art, Alumni Memorial Hall,
3:30 p.m. The public is invited.
Jewish State Day, 4 p.m., Hillel
Foundation. In commemoration of
the formation of the Jewish State
by the Partition Plan of the UN,
The Intercollegiate Zionist Feder- L
ation of America will present an
afternoon program of speakers and
drama. All are invited.
U. of M. Hot Record Society:
Meeting, 8 p.m., Grand Rapids
Room, Michigan League. Every-
one welcome.
Student Religious Groups:
Unitarian Student Group: 6:30
p.m., snack supper. Election of
officers and discussion of current
social action topics.
Roger Williams Guild: Cost
supper, 6 p.m. Dr. William P.
Lemon will speak on "Advice on
Marriage."
Lutheran Student Association
will have no regular meeting Sun-
day.
Westminster Guild: 5 p.m. Rev.
C. H. Loucks will speak on "Pro-
testant Sects in the United
States." Supper meeting.
Wesleyan Guild: 5:30 p.m. Stu-
dent panel: "God and the Day's
Work."
Congregational-Disciples Guild:
Supper meeting, 6 p.m. Congre-
gational Church. Discussion on
"The Individual and the World
Crisis."
Coming Events
Radio Programs:
Mon., May 17:
3:30 p.m., WKAR, The Medical
Series, Dr. J. M. Wellman, "Gall
Stones."
3:45 p.m., WKAR, Tle Student
Questions Religion. Franklin H.
Littell, Director of the Student
Religious Association.
5:45 p.m., WPAG, The News and
You. Preston W. Slosson, Pro-
fessor of History.
Association of University of
Michigan Scientists: Meets Mon-
(Contnued on Page 6)
ift y-Eighth Year
I

.1

N AMENDMENT to the Constitution,
providing that, in addition to all other
requirements, every candidate for Congress,
shall have at least one year's instruction in
college economics, might seem to be in or-
der.
There is no better proof of the need for
such an amendment than Congress' recent
actions in regard to income tax reductions.
. One thing that is taught in elementary
economics is that a government need not
tax to obtain revenue. It can print or
borrow all that it needs. We can assume
from this first premise that there is some
other reason for taxing.
That reason is to remove excess inflation
producing spending power from the hands
of the people. When a situation exists, such
as there is now, where available goods at
current prices equal a total less than the
money available to purchase them, then
prices will rise if real income cannot.
And now a bit of history.
In the five year period ending in 1945,
the amount of money in circulation more
than doubled. When this occurs, either one
or a combination of three things will accom-
pany this rise. If there are more available
resources and manpower, then production
will increase and the excess money will be
spent for the additional goods. If the econ-
omy is working at a production peak then

have had to change. Since production at
this time could not increase, there would
have been a black market and price rises
comparable to the situation that now exists
in China.
Immediately after the war, however, all
price controls were removed. This was
quickly followed by a rapid rise in the price
level.
The only thing that prevented prices from
soaring completely sky high was the fact
that high income taxes still served their
function of removing inflation producing
money from the people.
And now our astute--and politically-
minded-Congressmen have removed this
last barrier to complete inflation.,
Had Congress really been working for the
benefit of all the people instead of a few,
they never would have decreased taxes. In-
stead they might have seen fit to raise them
where the income could stand the extra
burden.
No, Congress knows a lot about practical
politics, but dangerously little about prac-
tical economics.
-Al Clanmage.
IN DUVAL COUNTY, Florida, it took blood,
sweat, tears and then some to cast a
ballot in the election this week. With 237
candidates running for 54 public and party

OW
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan ziider the
authority of the Board In Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staffj
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Dick Maloy...............City Editor
Harriett Friedman .. Editorial Director
Lida Dailes..........Associate Editor
Joan Katz .......... Associate E ditor
Fred Schott ........ Associate ditor
Dick Kraus.............Sports Editor
Bob Lent ...Associate Sports Editor
Joyce Johnson.......Women's Editor
Jean Whitney Associate Women's Editor
Bess Hayes........ Librarian
Business Staff
Nancy Helmick ... ...General ManaeuI
Jeanne Swendeman......Ad. Manager
Edwin Schneider .. Fiance Manager
Dick Halt .. ...Circulation Manages
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Wisoclaed Collegiate Press
1947-48


BARNABY .
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He was trying to get out of paying us each

When I start my scientific

IEntwhistle,]

I might have known! ?

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