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Latest Deadline in the State
VOL. LVIII, No. 137 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, APRIL 20, 1948

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Anti-Communists

Pile

Up

Big Lead in Italy

Lewis
Miners Show
Resentment
rAt Deeision
New Walkouts
Are Indicated
WASHINGTON, April 19-(IP)-
John L. Lewis was found guilty of
contempt of court today.
Within a few hours after Judge
T. Alan Goldsborough had an-
nounced his ruling, soft coal min-
ers began to show their resent-
ment.
Some miners in West Virginia,
Pennsylvania and Alabama didn't
show up for work on the after-
noon shift. And some night shift
workers in Indiana stayed home.
Among miners in other areas
who did resume their labors. there
were intimation that if Lewis
should be sent to jail, there will be
new walkouts among the United
Mine Workers.
Sentence Delayed
The world must wait until to-
morrow to learn whether Lewis
will get a prison sentence. Golds-
borough put off sentencing until
the next episode of the courtroom
drama at 9 o'clock in the morn-
ing. His words hinted a severe
punishment but he gave no defi-
nite outline of what he will do.
Goldsborough-for the second
time within 17 months-convict-
ed both Lewis and his United
Mine Workers of criminal and
civil contempt of court because
they didn't promptly obey a court
order to cancel a soft-coal strike.
Judgement in Silence
Lewis took the judgment in
silence. He sat motionless, an ap-
parent suggestion of a sneer on his
face, as the 70-year old federal
judge spoke.
Goldsborough ruled that the
coal stoppage was indeed a
"strike"-despite the union's de-
nials-and that Lewis himself
started and stopped the strike with
"code" words sent to the miners.
He put forward what he called
a new principle of law-that "as
long as a union is functioning as
a union, it must be held respon-
sible for the mass actions of its
members."
Solemnly, Goldsborough said
there's a "tremendous responsibil-
ity" on him.
Popular Oscar
Wilde Comedy
Will Be Given
"The Importance of Being
Earnest," Oscar Wilde's tremen-
dously popular drawing room
comedy, opens at 8 p.m. tomorrow
at Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
The speech department produc-
tion will continue through Satur-
day evening, with tickets on sale
daily from 10 a.m. at the theatre
box office.
Special student rates will pre-
vail for the Wednesday and

Thursday performances.
The cast includes John Momey-
er as Jack Worthington; Williaml
Bromfield as Algernon Moncrief;
Joyce Katz, Lady Bracknell; Lu-
cille Waldorf, Hon. Gwendolen
Fairfax; Shirley Loeblich, Cecily;
and Jeanette Grandstaff, Miss
Prism.
Supporting players are Edmund
Johnston, Richard Charlton and
Covell Radcliff.
The production is under the di-
rection of Claribel Baird, with sets
by Jack Bender.
Wilde's gay drawing room com-
edy is set in the social world of
the late nineteenth century.
Student Injured
.1 f1 j 1'3*

**t
Con tic ted

* *

I'

of

Contempt

Cridler Says Tennis Fee
Levied as Student Benefit

NUN CASTS VOTE IN ITALY'S ELECTION-A nun of the order of the Sisters of St. Vincent De
Paul watches an election clerk as he takes her ballot in Italian elections to place it in a Rome ballot
box. An armed guard stands in left background.

Threaten Civil
Disobedience
Against Draft
Negro Official Hits
Jim Crow in Army
WASHINGTON, April 19-(A)-
A Negro officeholder from New
York state proclaimed today a na-
tionwide campaign of civil dis-
obedience against "any Jim Crow
draft of universal military train-
ing law."
"Our organization has placed an
initial order for a hundred thous-
Regarding Reynolds' state-
ments, a spokesman for the In-
ter-Racial Association said last
night that Negroes have fought
in all U.S. Wars-"It is about
time they were given equal sta-
tus in the armed services."

ALL OUT DRIVE:
SL Election Campaign Gets
Under Way; 78 Vie for Office
11

and buttons which state,
Join a Jim Crow Army',"
Reynolds told the House
Service Committee.

'Don't
Grant
Armed

As for the campaign to encour-
age disobedience of any military
law which permits segregation,
Reynolds quoted President A.
Philip Randolph of the Pullman
Porters' Union:
"While I do not minimize the
dire consequences of a civil dis-
obedience program, it may yet
prove ironically true that the
armys' headlong drive for perma-
nent Jim Crow slavery was the last
straw which has ignited within us
the spark of revolt that sets men
free."
City Clears Way
For Time Change
The Ann Arbor city council
cleared the way for a change to
Daylight Savings Time by passingI
an amendment to the city ordi-
nance governing times changes
last night.
Under the new arrangement a
resolutiontcan change the clocks,
whereas before an ordinance was
needed. A resolution is expected.
Michigras' hopes for setting up
a caliope on the corner of South
and East University for ninety
minutes over Thursday and Fri-
day died as the council voted

All-out election campaigns will
get underway today with official
approval given to petitions of 78
candidates for Student Legisla-
ture office.
Next year's legislators will be
elected at an all-campus election
April 27. At the same time, stu-
dents and faculty members will
express their presidential prefer-
ences in next Fall's national elec-
tions and will name the candi-
dates they thnik "most likely to
become next President.
The ballots will list possibilities,
avowed or unavowed, in an order
selected by lot. Included will be
Dewey, Douglas, Taft, Eisenhow-
er, Truman, Warren, Wallace,
Secret New
Atom Weapon
Test Revealed
WASHINGTON, April 19-(P)-
An "atomic weapon" has been
tested in greatest secrecy on a
Pacific atoll, it was announced
today, but whether it was an im-
proved bomb or some wholly new
weapon was not disclosed.
There has been unofficial spec-
ulation that a guided missile .with
an atomic warhead might be test-
ed.
The Atomic Energy Commis-
sion, in an eight-line announce-
ment, said "there has been a test!
of an atomic weapon at the prov-
ing grounds of the commission on
Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall
Islands."
"For security reasons," the an-
nouncement said, "the date of the
test is not being announced.
"A secret report of the test re-
sults is being made to the joint
committee on atomic energy of
the Congress."
The commission added:
"The test was conducted under
full security restrictions of the
Atomic Energy Act of 1946. The
public issuance of further infor-
mation concerning the test is not
permissible at present."
The announcement gave no de-
tail as to observers of the test,
but it has previously been dis-
closed that "only official observ-
ers are permitted"

Stassen, Vandenberg, MacArthur
and Martin, in that order. Space
will be provided for write-in votes.
Faculty and student ballots will
differ in color for comparison
purposes.
Meanwhile, organizations on.
campus.have initiated plans which
will allow Legislature candidates
an opportunity to present their
views to the campus. Independent
candidates will speak at 5 p.m.
today in the League Ballroom at
a pre-election meeting sponsored
by Assembly Association and the
Association for Independent Men.
Meet-the-candidate teas are being
planned by Lane Hall and will be
held later this week.
The deadline for candidates to
turn in pictures for the "candi-
dates' gallery" has been set at
noon tomorrow, Dick Burton, Leg-
islature elections committee chair-
man has announced. Approxi-
mately 40 pictures have been re-
ceived to date, he said.
The names of all Student Leg-
islature candidates follow:
Richard Allen, Bernard Clana-
han, Richard Cook, Hugh Cooper,
Mary Davidson, Marty DeLano,
"Buzz" Durant, Hubert Elkins,
Harold Evans, Harry D. Evans,
Harriett Ewing, Jean Fagan, Rob-
ert Freed, Courtland Geib, Mar-
tin Gluckstein and Marian Grant.
The list continues with Hugh
See LEGISLATURE, Page 2 - -
NSA Suspends
IUS Relations
The Executive council of the
National Student Association has
voted to suspend negotiations for
affiliation with the International
Union of Students, according to
an official statement from the na-
tional office of NSA.
The action was taken as a re-
sult of a review by the committee
of the NSA policy of international
student relations at its meeting in
Chicago last week.
In taking this stand, NSA has
upheld the action of its two in-
terim representatives to the IUS
who resigned from their positions
when the IUS secretariat refused
to take a stand against abridge-
ments of academic freedom fol-
lowing the Czech coup.

Deficit Seen
Possible for
I- Dances
Slide Rule, Heart
Bid BillsPending
By ART HIGBEE
It looked yesterday as if last
weekend's two all-campus formals
at the Intramural Building had
come dangerously near to falling
flat on their financial faces.
Phil Stemmer, chairman of
Slide Rule Ball, said he wouldn't
be able to tell whether the engi-
neers' dance had ended up in the
hole until the final bills roll in a
couple of months from now.
And Nadine Literaty, chairman
of Assembly's Heart Bid Ball, said
that "we've kept our heads above.
.water."
But both chairmen refused to
saykwhat proportion of their
tickets had been sold.
As late as Thursday, Stemmer
had estimated that only about
half of the 1,500 Slide Rule tick-
ets had been sold, and Miss Liter-
aty had said that Heart Bid would
probably finish in the red.
Both chairmen remarked yes-
terday that if the dances did go
on the rocks, it would be because
they were held on thesameweek-
end.
Stemmer said that "there are
too many dances being held at
the I-M Building for all of them
to be successful."
Campus authorities discounted
the double-dance factor as of mi-
nor importance, pointing out that
it happens two or three times a
year-for instance, last term's
Panhel Ball and the Wolverine
Club's Final Foot Ball.
Instead, they cited two other
reasons: last weekend's rash of
fraternity and sorority spring for-
mals, and that fact that Slide
Rule and Heart Bid were held the
first weekend after vacation-al-
ways a slow time for ticket sales.
They pointed out a definite ad-
vantage for staging two I-M
dances on the same weekend:
these dances can pool such ex-
penses as bandstand construction
and decorations.
A University official included
the unpredictable human element
in a dance's chances for success.
World News
At a Gance
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, April19-The
Supreme Court today cut the last
ground from under Southern
Democratic groups which had
sought to bar Negroes from their
primaries by operating as private
clubs outside the legally estab-
lished election machinery.
* * *
LILLE, France, Tuesday, April
20 -Eleven miners were killed
by a coal dust explosion last
night in a mine south of Lille.
Thirty-eight miners are missing
and 40 are known to be trapped
alive.
* * *
LAKE SUCCESS, April 19-
-The United States will lay its
Palestine trusteeship ideas before
the United Nations Assembly's Po-
litical Committee tomorrow, the
American delegation said tonight.
* * *
WASHINGTON, April 19 -
President Truman told the
Daughters of the American Revo-

lution tonight that the world
would be much closer to recovery
"but for the determined campaign
of obstruction by one great
power."
Soph Tests
Comniii.'sorv

By ROG GOELZ
In reaction to student protests,
Michigan's athletic administra-
tion has issued statements in sup-
port of the twenty-five cent per
hour charge for use of the Ferry
and Palmer Field tennis courts.
Athletic director "Fritz" Crisler
has asserted that the fee was
levied in behalf of the students
interests. Crisler stated that the
fee was not new as it had been
put into effect at the start of the
1947 Summer Session and was in-
tended to prevent monopolization
of the university tennis courts
during rush hours.
Acting For Students
"The University feels that it is
acting in behalf of the student
body by charging the fee since it
will prevent a few individuals
from holding the courts during a
period of heavy demand," Crisler
stated and continued to point out
that under the old system people
would go to either Ferry or Pal-
mer Field and find them occupied
for several hours by the same
players.
Under the present plan, stu-
dents would be limited to a one
hour permit when there was a
great demand for the,courts and
would be able to make a definite
reservation for a court by placing
a request with the attendant.
Explanations
Explaining the reason behind
the twenty-five cent charge, Cris-
ler revealed that the revenue de-
rived from the fee was not to be
used forhmaintenance of the
courts, whch have recently been
converted to an all-weather as-
phalt surface, but rather to help
pay for the salary for the attend-
ants who take care of the new
system.
The ex-football coach also dis-
closed that the fee, although it
was stated as being twenty-five
cents an hour, would not apply to
additional periods of time if there
was no demand for the courts. A
person would be required to pay
'Democrats for
Douglas' Club
Formed Here
A national Democrats for Doug-
las movement was organized offi-
cially in Ann Arbor last night
which named University Professor
Stanley Dodge as its temporary
chairman.
Sixty-five of Ann Arbor's busi-
ness and University leaders were
unanimous in their support of the
presidential nomination of Su-
preme Court Justice William O.
Douglas.
Already the organizing com-
mittee, led by Everett Reimer for-
mer personnel director for OPA in
Washington and now a consultant
with the Survey Research Center,
has contacted several hundred
leaders in Michigan and other
states to lay the groundwork for
the national grass-roots Douglas
movement.
Packets distributed contain re-
prints of a recent lecture given by
Douglas at the University of Flor-
ida accompanied by a detailed
plan for influencing national
party leaders and delegates to the
Democratic National Convention.
The group, which has set up its
temporary national office in Ann
Arbor rejected President Truman
as a candidate on the grounds
that his administration has failed.

the fee for the first hour of use
but would be able to play as long
as he wasn't keeping anyone
waiting without additional charge,
he said.
Demand for Courts
The only limiting regulation
under the set up calls for the
relinquishing of the court after
an hour if there is a demand.
The Board of Regents decided
on the twenty-five cent cost af-
ter making a survey of other col-
leges in the mid-west which use
the system. The results of this
poll showed that the fee was the
average of those schools ques-
tioned.
* * *
Students Seep
Ways To Beat
New Net Fee
Some Rise at Dawn
Or Use City Courts
Irate students, protesting the
new tennis court fee, have al-
ready begun to look for cheaper
means of enjoying their favorite
sport.
If you're the early-bird type,
you can still play tennis for free
by duplicating Joan Roberts' sys-
tem-she gets out on the Palmer
Field courts at 6 a.m., and has an
hour and a half of free play be-
fore the courts open at 7:30.
Another resort for economy-
minded tennis players is to use
one of the many free municipal
courts scattered around Ann Ar-
bor'.
Nets went up at thirteen city
courts just yesterday, according to
city officials, of which the closest
to campus are the five courts at
Burns Park, near Tappan School.
Five more are located at West
Park, near W. Main and Almen-
dinger Park, southwest of Main,
has two. Another court is avail-
able at Riverside Park, just across
the river from the Michigan Cen-
tral Depot.
For those people who can af-
ford to pay, a fee-collector at
Palmer Field pointed out one ad-
vantage of the paying system.
A good result, he said, is that
more people get to play. If some-
one has been playing for an hour,
end you are waiting for a court,
they have to vacate.
Spring Sun
Bringsjoy
A brand new Spring sun smiled
down yesterday on a campus dot-
ted with ice cream cones as the
temperature rose to a new high of
80 degrees.
Students flocked to the ice
cream counters reminiscent of the
long lineups for football tickets.
Many scholars purchased the cool
cones and leisurely strolled past
almost bare clasnrooms and on up
Geddes to the Arb.
Summer-clad figures and shorn
coeds sporting a new look in hair-
dos, lolled on the steps of the Li-
brary absorbing the long-awaited
sunshine.
Small fry played leap frog as
their older prototypes warmed up
their pitching arms.
The only sad note on'the bliss-
ful scene was the weather forecast
of thundershowers for today.

Fir'st Returns
Give Margin
To Moderates
'Front' Trails by
1,000,000 Ballots
ROME, Tuesday, April 20-(P)
-Unofficial returns from more
than a fifth of Italy's 41,647 elec-
toral sections gave the Christian
Democrats an advantage of more
than a million votes over the
Communists today in senatorial
contests.
In 8,675 sections - including
many in Communist northern
strongholds-the Christian Dem-
ocrats got 2,555,811 votes to 1,-
537,700 for the Communist-domi-!
nated Popular Front.
Information released unoffi-
cially by the Interior-Ministry
showed that from 6,511 of Italy's
41,647 voting sections, Premier
Alcide De Gasperi's Christian
Democrats had rolled up 2,059,-
129 votes. Their allies, the
Anti-Communist Socialist unit
party, reached 380,000.
The Front had 1,187,607 votes
according to the partial, unoffi-
cial returns, putting them more
than 1,352,000 votes behind the
informal Anti-Communist two-
some.
The elections, held Sunday and
yesterday to fill seats in the Sen-
ate and Chamber of Deputies,
were watched all over the world....
as a symbol of the political
Bulletin
BOLOGNA, Italy, Tuesday,
April 20-(A-)-A heavy bomb
exploded early this morning be-
fore a store owned by an active
Christian Democrat worker. It
was the first reported case of
post-election violence in Ita I.
struggle between East and West.
The United States has poured
more than $2,000,000,000 in re-
habilitation aid into Italy and
International Communism has
guided the Italian Communists-
largest Communist'group in the
world outside Russia.
Thus far, returns from the
deputy contests have beeh re-
ceived only from Milan where
an early showing gave the
Christian Democrats a two-to-
one lead.
The popular vote will be re-.
flected almost exactly in the
Chamber of Deputies because that
house 'is elected by proportional
representation. The present trend,
if continued, would mean an Anti-
Communist chamber. It was ex-
pected that returns in the deputy
contests would reach a strong
flow late today.
World Army'
Will Recruit
AVC, UWF Call on
Men To Sign Today
Recruiting for an army to end
all armies will get under way to-
day at the Diag after a one day
delay in schedule.
AVC and UWF will call on
young men to sign up for an in-
ternational police force as the
"only way to maintain the peace."
By sending a formidable list of
names to President Truman and
Congress, they hope to show their

willingness to "fight and die, if
necessary, as soldiers of a United
Nations 'peace' force."
The groups are urging the Unit-
ed States to take the initiative in
establishing an international
army to prevent armed conflict
among nation states. They stand
opposed to national armies as a
means of accomplishing peace,
Prof. Lincoln's
Wife Dies at 49
Mrs. Winifred Hobbs Lincoln,
widow of Professor Joseph N .Lin-

REMEMBER APRIL 19?
Public Forgets Date Marking
First Shot Fired at Lexington
--- AX

thumbs down, eight to six.

e

el- cI 7'1IILI

T-TEST FOR MICHIGRAS:
Candy Barrage To Be Launched Today

Yesterday, April 19, passed
largely unnoticed in the press, on
the radio and in the lecture halls
of the nation-yet, as an Ameri-
can anniversary, it is as impor-
tant as any during the year.
For it was on April 19, 1775, on
the village green at Lexington
that the "shot heard 'round the

670 men, set out from Boston to
seize military stores in Concord.
Entering Lexington, they were
confronted by 80 "minutemen"
under the command of Captain
John Parker.
Insult was Spark
"Lay down your arms, you damn
villians." one of the redcoats

By MARY STEIN
1Hnpnout, your tongues a nd1 hold

root beer-won't have to stand

be divided into two main groups-1