__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __0___ _11R a I1iXN I l 11v i )111A11 Spanish Interlude 113 THOSE OF US who have been watch- ing democracy compromised and some- times not-too-subtley betrayed time and again in these last few years, the welcome of Spain into the family of nations cannot come as much of a surprise. Even during the war, and immediate post-war period when feeling ran high against the totalitarian nations, fascist Spain was officially regarded as a recalci- trant nation for whom we reserved a fond "tsk, tsk" but whose wolfram and inval- uable assets immunized her from even a maternal box on the ears. When Poland brought up the delicate question of breaking relations with Franco Spain in the United Nations Security Coun- cil, a moral horror of the Falange regime was properly registered by the majority of nations. After bitter and extended discus- sion, the Council decided to appoint a sub- committee to consider the charges and re- port on what practical measures should be taken. The subcommittee came out with the politically astute conclusion that the Franco government was a "Fascist regime patterned on, and established largely as a result of aid received from Hitler's Nazi Germany and Mussolini's Fascist Italy." The committee reviewed the "very substantial aid" received by the Axis from Spain and cited the "in- controvertible documentary evidence" of Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT WHITE Franco's conspiracy with the Axis to wage war on the allied nations. In June, 1946, after opposition from the United States against any present UN move against Spain, the Assembly finally issued the statement that "the Security Council would reconsider the question if Franco did not give way to a democratic government "within a reasonable time," and recom- mended that member nations withdraw am- bassadors and ministers from Spain. Within a "reasonable time," although the United States is still fully aware of Spain's political character and her armed forces (estimated at 600,000 to 700,000) the House of Representatives comes to a highly illog- ical conclusion. Perhaps this distinguished body, in reviewing the evidence on Spain was reminded of theh act thatthe United States' commercial airlines still have sub- stantial stakes in Spanish airfields which were constructed in 1945 to get the troops home. Probably they were impressed with the United States' negotiations with Franco on Jan. 30, 1948 to use Spain's 111 million dollar holdings in gold to buy United States' dollars. At any rate, the evidence was overwhelm- ingly in favor of the Generalissimo, and he now stands on the list to receive American aid. The question now remains whether the Soviets will remember the famous "blue division" of Spanish volunteers during the war and whether the other European na- tions will recall the "very substantial" aid Franco donated to the Axis. The most important question that might be asked is whether our self-consciously democratic Congressmen can open their morally myopic eyes and see that they are going to aid a FASCIST state. -Lida Dailes. For the People MOST OF US who will fight the House's action on aid to Spain will do so, not because we have formed a dislike for a certain abstract idea, "Fascism," but be- cause fascism means something real to the people involved. The vote to include Spain in the ERP bill, is a real, a personal, tragedy to the thou- sands of people in Spain who have continued to fight underground during the long years since 1939. It is more something to weep about, than to write about, for the Spanish republicans who have been trying to fight back from exile for nearby ten years. It is a slap in the face for the voluntary exiles who have refused to return to their homes, because they could not compromise their beliefs. Franco Spain is near economic collapse, so just when the hopes of Spanish people might be rising, the United States hits them again. Whether the House's action will give Com- munist forces the best argument they've ever had that the U.S. doesn't mean what it says is one point our rash representatives didn't see. But a more important consideration that they've forgotten is that we're deal- ing with people and not just dollars. A dollar here and a dollar there, means people affected, here and there. You just can't move figures around on paper and pretend. Unfortunately, the House action repre- sents more than the notions of a few con- gressmen-it means that a good many Americans have forgotten the Spanish peo- ple too. Americans have forgotten--or don't care --and either way it spells "goodbye democ- racy." Spanish fascism is something that smells rotten so obviously that even the people who have refused to see the same pattern in Greece should flinch now. The Spanish people who are in prison for saying what they believe, and the friends of Spaniards who were killed trying to fight for democracy, probably flinched too. --Harriett Friedman. ]AD RAI HER BE RIGHT: BILL MAULDIN C - ~A q "Why shouldn't we come out of hiding, Here General? I hear there's a great demand for ALL types of anti-Communists." DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Letters to the Editor I Topsyp Turvy THE SOMERSAULT is complete. In less than ten years, the U.S. has fought a war to end fascism and now has turned and offered U.S. dollars to aid a gov- ernment representing the very idea that we tried to destroy. The action of the House of Representa- tives Tuesday in voting to give Franco Spain a slice of ERP funds is simply a. signpost pointing the way we have come. Infected with the fear of Russia that some U.S. policy makers have let loose, and faced with the "need" of fighting totalitarian Communism, the House turned for its wea- pon to fascism. There can be no justification for Con- gress' action. It has, in effect, repudiated ' SPAN Study THE WIDTH between the old and new world is being reduced considerably as a result of the endeavors of a group of Uni- versity of Minnesota students. A Student Project for Amity Among N.- tions under operation there for the pur- pose of sponsoring Minnesota students in summer study abroad has met with amazing success. By conducting foreign seminars in Eng- land, Germany, Argentina, and Czechoslo- vakia, the group hopes to give those nations a better insight into Americans and in turn to study problems peculiar to each country. Four groups of ten students each under the supervision of a member of the faculty will spend the summer in each of the select- ed nations. They will study such problems as political parties, socialistic trends, labor and legal systems. Study will be independent and consist mainly of field work. Funds totaling $15,000 have been 'raised to finance the program. Last summer four groups of students con- ducted seminars in Madrid, London, Paris and Stockholm. Once back home, they agreed that foreign study seminars had an- swprs to important American and world problems. The natural result was an or- ganization of the first SPAN students to helr'Minnesota's second foreign study group. It is the hope of the pioneering group that other American Universities and Colleges will follow their lead this summer. The Uni- versity of Chicago has already adopted the 'program. What about the University of Michigan? -Phyllis Kulick. HAPPIEN * Dnw Good Tarn Whatever You Say AN IMPARTIAL POLL taken recently by the Committee for Constitutional Gov- ernment included the following question: "Should money be lent to socialistic gov- ernments which by rationing, regimentation, and restrictive measures are producing in- dustrial stagnation and stifling food pro- duction?" The answer, in case you haven't already guessed it, was No. a 150 year tradition of supporting free- dom. The bare fact is hardly believable. The Congress of the United States has voted support to an out-and-out fascist dictatorship! The terrors of Communism have been so drummed into the American mind that the facts of fascism are no longer clear, but they are still there. Remember Hitler, Mus- solini, and Franco? Franco is the only one left and the House of Representatives wants to give him money. O'Henry couldn't have done a better job, It is a good thing, ironically enough, that the Congress has seen fit to try and bring Franco into the ring on our side at this time. In all probability, the policy makers of this country would have done the same thing in six or eight months. By that time, the fear of Communism would have so in- volved American minds that even Franco Spain might have been acceptable-but not now. The only outcome now will be aroused public sentiment against anpolicy which would stack the U.S. and Franco in the same row. So let's howl-now-long and loud to try and put an end to an American for- ign policy that has been heading toward the support of fascist or semi-fascist states. Here is the place for student objections -demonstrations, rallies-any kind of ac- tion that will have repercussions in Wash- ington and will show the higher ups in our government that the people are not ready for any connections with fascism. For the .last year and a half, black and white have not been distinguishable in Ameican foreign policy. This action, al- though taken by a branch of the government not usually actively involved in foreign pol- icy, etches very clearly the trend of our relations with the rest of the world. With the House's action, the idea of free- dom and democracy is yielding before the fear of another ideology. -Al ll umrosezn. No Tax Cut LAST WEEK, a group of men in Washing- ton did an amazing thing that is pos- sible only in an election year. While the capitol air was still ringing with their cries for a"stronger air force and a larger army, and while a strong United States foreign policy involving the expenditure of billions of dollars 'to halt the advance of Commu- nism in Europe was receiving its final touches, two-hundred and eighty-eight men of poor memory in the House of Representa- tives and seventy-eight in the Senate voted for a $4,800,000,000 tax reduction bill. Only seventy-eight men in both chambers stood against it. Can the lessons of 1941 and 1943 have been forgotten in Washington already? Would it not be better to invest those billions in an air force that would put punch be- hind our foreign policy, and make any po- tential enemy think twice before attacking us? War is, unfortunately, no longer fought with bows and arrows. Oceans are no longer impassable barriers to attacking forces. Next time we may not be able to sit idly by, com- pleting our tardy preparations, while smaller nations are being bludgeoned to death. The United States is presently shaking a fist behind which there is no muscle and hoping Joe Stalin doesn't call the bluff. Candidate's Ideas By SAMUEL GRAFTON HAVE SET MYSELF the project of talk- ing with all the Presidential aspirants, Taft, Dewey, Stassen, Wallace, Martin, and so on, before the conventions open this summer. All these men want me (and you) to vote for them, so I thought it would be good to see each one close up. I started, the other day, with a dark horse, Senator Leverett Saltonstall of Massachusetts, and you wouldn't want to meet a pleasanter man. He gave me lunch at his desk in the Senate Office Building (tomato juice, beef pie, cherry pie, coffee, in case any news- magazine cares) and he's the kind of man who watches to see that everybody's cup is filled. I started the proceedings with a remark about the frustrations of the post- war period we are living in, and asked Mr. Saltonstall whether the general feeling of disappointment was shared by the people of his state. There was no emotional pop in his an- swer. Maybe that was just Boston; maybe I'm too used to New York political figures, who are just a little more inclined to put their hands to their hearts. Mr. Saltonstall said that yes, the people in his state had doubts about the way the world situation was being handled, they wondered if one emergency after another was necessary, if we shouldn't have taken stronger steps fur- ther back, and if we should have agreed to all we did agree to. He said the people were willing to back whatever steps were needed for security. Well, security is one thing, but a world organized for peace is another, so I asked him whether it mightn't be sound for us to request an immediate conference with Rlussia for settling critical outstanding' issues. He wasn't sure; he said he didn't know enough about what was going on to say flatly that we should make a request for a conference. Full stop, while we both thought it over. And at this moment, with the sun filter- ing into the pleasantly big Washington of- fice, I suddenly felt what a dead end the passion for world co-operation which had swept us during the war had now come to. For Saltonstall is no ordinary Senator, his interest in world peace has been deep--he was once a sponsor of the National Council for American-Soviet Friendship, though he resigned in '46. But here, too, one was re- minded of a certain fatigue which seems to creep into many Washington conversations when the subject of direct world co-opera- tion comes up; interest in foreign affairs today is largely interest in security. The Senator had been working on the budget. His tables were high with fiscal documents. He let me heft them. "We're at peace," he said, "and as long as -we're at peace, we want to keep our budget bal- anced. We want to keep our military com- mitments within the frame of a balanced budget. If we're going to go to war, that's another story." He was fascinated with a fact he had dug up. that the Veterans' Ad- ministration today, with 210,000 employes, has more people working for it than were in the entire Army and Navy at one point in (Continued from Page 3) will be open from 9 -12 and 2-5 daily except Saturday when they will be closed in the afternoon; the Physics Library, open 9-12 daily, closed afternoons; the West Lodge Study Hall at Willow Run which will be open 1-5:30 p.m. A University regulation requires that all students leaving Ann Ar- bor for extended vacations must return library books before their departui'e. The purpose of this regulation is to insure the avail- ability of books for scholars who wish to use them while the Uni- versity is not in session. In accordance with this rule, students planning to spend the Spring recess outside Ann Arbor must return library books to the Charging Desk of the General Li- brary (or the proper Divisional Li- brary) before leaving the city. Sipecial permission to charge books for use outside Ann Arbor may be given in case of urgent need. Arrangements must be made at the Charging Desk for books from the General Library or with Librarians in charge of Division Libraries. Students taking library books from Ann Arbor without permis- sion are liable to a fine of $1.00. Automobile regulations pertain- ing to student drivers will be lifted on Friday, April 2, at 5 p.m. and will not go into effect again until April 12, at 8 a.m. Any driving done after 8 a.m. of April 12 will be subject to all automobile regu- lations of the University. Students, College of Engineer- in: The final day for Removal of Incompletes will be Saturday, April 3. Petitions for extension of time must be on file in the Secre- tary's Office on or before Satur- day, April 3. Students, College of Engineer- ing: The final day for Dropping Courses without Record will be Saturday, April 3. A course may be dropped only with the permis- sion of the classifier after confer- ence with the instructor. Group Hospitalization and Sur - gical Service: During the peiod from April 5 thi'ough April 15, the University Business Office, (Room 9, University Hall) will accept new applications as well as re- quests for changes in contracts now in effect. These new applica- tions and changes become effect- ive June 5, with the first payroll deduction on May 31. After April 15, no new applications or changes can be accepted until October, 1948. Superintendent of Schools from Glencoe, Illinois, will be at the Bu~- reau of Appointments and Occu- pational Information, 201 Mason Hall, on Thurs., April 1, to inter- view elementary teachers. For appointments, please call Ext. 489. Undergraduate Students: There are several openings now available for undergraduate students in a Mathematics Department Project, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. Mathematics through calculus (Math. 54) is essential, and some experience in computing is desirable. For further informa- tion see Dr. Thrall in 3004 Angell Hall or call Extension 2535 for an appointment. Summer Jobs: Detroit Civil Service announces examination for Playleader (Male or Female) to be held April 17. Applications must be filed by April 9. Anyone interested in recreational work in Detroit for the coming summer may have further information by calling at 201 Mason Hall. There are opportunities for graduate students to work at the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, Buffalo, New York, during the summer months. Present openings are for graduate students in Aero- nautical Engineering, Aerodynam- ics, Physics, Mechanical Engineer- ing, Chemical Engineering, Elec- trical Engineering. Applications should be filed by April 15. For further information call at 201 Mason Hall. roc -6 Lecture 'University Lecture: Prof. P. Sargapt Florence, Dean of the Faculty of Commerce and Social Science, Birmingham University England, will speak on the sub- ject "Present British Conditions of Industry and Labor" 4:15 p.m. Thurs., April 1, Rackham Amphi- theatre; auspices of the Depart- ment of Economics. University Lecture: Dr. Erwin Edman, professor of philosophy and chairman of the Department of Philosophy at Columbia Uni- versity, will lecture on the subject, "The Discipline of Taste" on Thurs., April 1, 8 p.m., Kellogg Auditorium; auspices of the De- partment of Fine Arts. Academic Notices Doctoral Examination for Alton McCaleb Harvill, Jr., Botany; the- sis: "A Phytogeographic Study of the Mosses of Alaska," at 2 p.m. Thurs., April 1, Rm. 1139, Natural Science Bldg. Chairman, W. C. Steere. Doctoral Examination for John Woodworth Henderson, Opthal- mology; thesis: "The Anatomical Basis for Certain Reflex and Au- tomatic Eye Movements," 7:30 p.m., Mon., April 12, 2101 Belmont Road. Chairman: F. B. Fralick. Applied Mathematics Seminar: April 1, 4 p.m., Rm. 247, W. Engi- neering Bldg. Prof. R. C. F. Bar- tels will continue his discussion of "Retarded Potential" in Aerody- namics. Astronomical Colloquium: Wed., April 7, 2:30 p.m., Observatory. Speaker: Dr. Bart J. Bok of Har- vard University. Title: The Cur- rent Work of the Harvard College Observatory. Chemistry 55-2nd half: Stu- dents enrolled in the accelerated program should report to Rm. 464, Chemistry Bldg., Wed., March 31, 7 p.m. for the MF section, and' to Rm. 400, Chemistry Bldg., (Continued on Page 5) 'heDaily accords its readers the privilege of submitting letters for publication in this column. Subject to spare limitations, the general pol- icy is to publish in the order in which they are received ail letters bearing the writer's signature and address. Letters exceeding 300 words, repeti- tious letters and letters of a defama- tory character or such letters which for any other reason are not in good taste will not be published.' The editors reserve the privilege of con- densing letters. * * * Betrayad To the Editor: The repudiation by the United 1 States of its stand on Palestine partition demonstrates a grievous unconcern on the part of the present Administration for per- sonal integrity in the conduct of foreign affairs. On the grounds of political ex- pediency, it has back-tracked, side- stepped, and finally about-faced from a decision that was a most feasible compromise solution of the complex problem of the Holy Land. Blood is thicker than water - and now the British Colonial Of- fice has established bonds of con- sanguinity with our State Depart- ment. Thicker than both blood and water is the oil of the Near and Middle East. Oil and the com- mercial value accruing to its pos- session is the lubricant of a policy of repudiation and perfidy. By its shaky, uncertain, inde- cisive and unmoral action,the Ad- ministration has not solved a prob- lem: it has compounded one. Partition represented a great sacrifice on the part of the Jew- ish people of Palestine; by the terms of the Balfour Decartion, ALL of Palestine was to be the National Homeland of the Jews. But in the interest of evolving a workable compromise of the na- tional aspiration of both Jews and Arabs, the Jewish Agency agreed to press for only minimum de- mands - the partition of the Holy Land into two independent and autonmous states. ' Now that minimum is to be taken away from a people which lost six million souls in the cre- matoria of Hitler Germany, a peo- ple of whom a quarter of a mil- lion of DP's are languishing in "democratic" concentration camps in Europe and Cyprus, a people that is working and fighting to establish its status and national- ity on the soil of the Holy Land. The legitimate aspiration of the Jewish people of Palestine and of Europe for statehood is neither to be denied nor gainsaid by com- mercial or imperial or political in- terests of the Great Powers. It is sad commentary on the thinking of our present Adminis- tration that it will have to learn that fact through hard and ex- pensive experience. -Iabbi Herschel Lymon Director, B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation Recommendation To the Editor: The following is a copy of a letter which I sent to J. Howard McGrath, National Democratic Chairman. I would appreciate your printing it, and I hope that others who feel as I do will write Mr. McGrath also. J. Howard McGrath National Democratic Chairman Ring Building, 18th and M Streets, N.W. Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. McGrath: As an ardent supporter of the policies- of Franklin Roosevelt, as a veteran of World War II, and as a member of the Young Demo- crats Club at the University of Michigan, I urge you to take cog- nizance of the following facts: President Truman has succeed- ed beautifully in alienating the South, the Jews, and much of the labor and liberal vote. As a con- sequence, he has hardly a ghost of a chance of re-election. To re-unite the party behind a liberal platform, I propose that Supreme Court Justice William 0. Douglas be nominated for pres- ident and ex-Governor Ellis Ar- nall of Georgia be nominated for vice-president. While General Eisenhower has also been mentioned as a possible candidate, I do not feel that it is wise to have a military man in the White House at any time. The combination of Douglas and Ar- nall would present a ticket of test- ed ability, vigorous youth, and sound practical liberalism in sharp contrast to the confused idealism of Henry Wallace and the prob- able Old Guard conservatism of the Republican candidate. This is a crucial period in world Mr. Morris' editorial on the Czech academic freedom meeting goes flying in five different direc- tions at once. This is undoubted- ly confusing and wreaks havoc with the truth. As far as MYDA's refusal to participate -- we can't regard that as a split, since 12 other or- ganizations backed us. MYDA was NEVER asked to leave. In fact we encouraged at least onie of their group to remain after the others had unceremoniously left. (Remember' Mr. Morii' After stating that the meetg was "violenly pairtisan" Morr'is goes on to say that we "wisely eliminated the nire aggressivijly anti-Red overtones." If being against violations of academic freedom anywhere in the world is being "partisan," we welcome the name. We considered MYDA's re- port on wvhy it refused to partci- pate (It didn't helieve a violation had occurred.) The overwhelming press, radio, and personal reports (Jim Smith) proved our conten- tions. We eliminated no anti-red overtones since there never were any. Accusing us of these senti- ments smacks of red-baiting in reverse. Because the U.S. and Rvussia are engaged in a power politics strug- gle is no reason why we, as stu- dents, should not finht even hard- er for these rapidly vanishing rights. The main "divisive effect" of the meeting was MYDA's con- demnation, which only points out it sown lack of principles. Aca- demic freedom is a principle, not a tactic! We all know what re- strictions on student freedom means in relation to ALL free- doms. Can one group calously side-track the issue because su- pression in this case came from a Communist government? We unreservedly came out against re- strictions all over the world, in Greece, Hungary, China - and yes, even the United States. Campus groups took speedy ac- tion on the meeting, Mr. Morris. No one ever suggested that IRA, MYDA, or YPCM be banned be- cause they voted non-support. We still believe in freedom even for those who disagree with us. As for Morris' suggestion of a world wide academic freedom code we embodied that suggestion in .the resolution that was passed at the meeting. -Alfred Shapiro, Chairman Czech Academic Freedom Meeting Fifty-Eighth Year history; possible we need the best men to guide our country. Sincerely yours, Walter F. Ifoffman *, * * Czech Rally To the Editor: I Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in C ntrol of Student Publications. Editorial Staff John Campbell .......Managing Editor Dick Maloy.............. City Editor Harriett Friedman .. Editorial Director Lida Dalies...........Associate Editor Joan Katz ............Associate Fditor Fred Schott......... Associate Editor Dick Kraus ............. Sports Editor Bob Lent ......Associate Sports Editor Joyce Johnson.......Women's Editor Jean Whitney Associate Women's Editor Bess Hayes .................Librarian Business Staff Nancy Helmick ......:General Mana~,w Jeanne Swendeman....Ad. Manager Edwin Schneider .. FLance Manager Dick Halt.......Circulation Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is ex(7u 1vaiy entitled to the use for re-publicatit',n of all news dispatched credited to it ul otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of re-publication of all other matters herein are also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscription during the regular school year by carrier, $5.00, by mail, $6.00. Member Associated Collegiate Press 1947-48 A- ,; }I BARNABY .w We'llgo to my office where 1 can give my high class radio program all the concentrated N That's one nice thing about a haunted" house, m'boy. Quiet. Nobody around- . Il i i --// O'Malley! You startled me! . All that noise!