THE MICHIGAN DlAILY
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 31.1~t,18 1,
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"Era of Humanity
"HUE PEOPLE of the earth having agreed
that the age of nations must end and
the era of humanity begin . ."
With this introduction, was issued the
first concrete constitution for the creation
of a World Republic, drafted by a dis-
tinguished committee headed by Robert
Hutchins, Chancellor of the University of
Chicago.
Proceeding on the principle "that a world
government is necessary, therefore it is pos-
sible," the committee presented the results
of two years of study as a "concrete picture
to show what a Federal Republic of the
World, under certain conceivable circum-
stances, might look like."
The group calls a World Republic the only
alternative to world destruction.
Essential to the spirit is its provision that
the republic would owe its sovereignty di-
rectly to the people, not to the nations. A
guarantee of political, civil and economic
rights are embodied in the Declaration of
Duties and Rights. A proclamation of prin-
ciples is contained in the Preamble. The
primary powers of the World Republic
would be vested in the Federal Convention,
President, Council, Grand Tribunal, Su-
preme Court, Tribune of the People and
Chamber of Guardians.
It enumerates 19 powers of the world
government. Among them are the powers
to maintain peace, settle conflicts, de-
cide on changes in state boundaries, use
federal armed forces, control armaments,
and collect federal taxes. Powers not dele-
gated to the World Republic are reserved
to the states.
The draft calls for a Federal Convention
with one delegate for every million of the
population, who would in turn divide into
nine regional electoral colleges who would
nominate a slate of candidates for presi-
dent. The Convention would then choose
Editorials publis4ed in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
the head executive by a two-thirds vote.
Members of the Council would be elected on
a similar basis.
Legislative powers would be invested
in the Council. The president would ap-
point a chancellor who would in turn
designate a cabinet. A vote of no confi-
dence by the Council would dissolve the
cabinet.
Legislation of the Council would be sub-
ject to a presidential veto but could be over-
ruled by the Council.
The Tribune of the people, elected by the
Federal Convention, would act as spokesman
of the minorities. The purpose of the body,
as stated in the constitution, would be to
defend the natural and civil rights of indi-
viduals or groups.
The control and use of the federal armed
forces would be under the Chamber of
Guardians as protector of the peace.
Such is the basic outline of a federal re-
public designed by the Committee to Frame
a Constitution. The committee has chosen
a middle course as a means of achieving
their ends. The so-called nation-state is the
enemy and antagonist of a World State. Yet
it would be unrealistic to expect 70 odd na-
tions to blot themselves out of existence
over night. And so the committee has offered
a constitution to the world which is feasible
and desirable. Only those powers which are
dangerous to a peaceful world and have
wrecked a League of Nations and all but
wrecked the UN would be withdrawn from
the nation-states.
As the stalemate between the East and
West continues, statesmen all over the world
are looking to a new light to guide them in
the search for peace. Already a World Con-
stitutional, Convention, popular or official,
is being planned under authoritative spon-
sorship, for as early as 1950.
There has been a steady but stumbling
striving for universal peace. Our times
has seen a Hague Tribunal, League of
Nations and United Nations fall by the
wayside. The time for a federal world re-
public has arrived.
-Phyllis Kulick.
NIGHT EDITOR: NAOMI STERN
Alternative for Peace
PRESIDENT TRUMAN, in demanding
universal military training supported by
a temporary draft, has declared the exist-
ence of a world crisis.
Although official Washington and a large
section of the nation's press and radio have
proclaimed the imminence of war in no un-
certain terms, there appears to be reason-
able doubt as to the reality of such danger.
If an emergency actually does prevail, is
the mere drafting of 300,000 men enough of
a defense measure? That a 20 per cent in-
crease in the strength of our armed forces
will cause the Russians to think twice before
making any new moves is extremely un-
likely.
If our security is truly threatened, why do
we not conscript industry as well as man-
power? Certainly, if 300,000 young men can
give up.a year, or perhaps two years, of their
lives to safeguard world peace, it is not ask-
ing a great deal to require industry to make
a comparable sacrifice.
There is little doubt but that the marshal-
ling of America's industrial power would
cause far more concern in Moscow than the
drafting of teenage youths. In an era of
scientific warfare men are quite obscured in
the pall of atomic smoke and the density of
bacterial clouds. During World War .2 it was
Russia's lack of sufficient industrial output
that necessitated the expendability of her
manpower. Russia is well aware that men
alone are not enough.
However, if the so-called crisis is largely
the manufactured product of Washington's
war-minded assembly line, what is our al-
ternative course of action, to preserve the
peace?
First, and most important, we must re-
move and burn the chip on our shoulder.
Blaming all the world's troubles on Russia in
order that we may preserve our assumed
cloak of sanctity is not the most tactful
method of establishing friendly relations be-
tween the United States and Russia. Such
statements as Senator Ferguson's, "Whether
or not there will be war is up to one man-
Stalin," typify our "holier than thou" atti-
tude, which must be discarded before any
genuine basis for peace can be found. Such
procedures as the sending of diplomatic
protests first to the newspapers and then to
the country concerned, are not warranted in
a peace-seeking State Department.
Secondly, President Truman should im-
mediately invite Premier Stalin to a meeting
for the purpose of discussing the underlying
causes of dissension between their two na-
tions. Truman, when questioned about the
report that Stalin had suggested a meeting,
replied that no "official" request had been
received. Such requests never are official.
Whether Stalin did or did not request a
meeting is not vital. That a meeting be held
is vital. A friendly discussion, similar to
those in which Roosevelt and Stalin fre-
quently participated, could do much to clear
the highly-charged atmosphere. Neither nor
the Russians can afford to overlook any
possible avenue to peace, not with the fate
of the world hanging in the balance.
-Buddy Aronson
Student Failure
ONE of the most important jobs of grass-
root-groups in the political system should
be to send ideas on to the higher-ups. Stu-
dent groups, particularly, should be interest-
ed in introducing new views, rather than
rubber-stamping the speeches of party of-
ficials.
In other words, ideally, ideas should go
from the bottom on up. And we had half-
way expected that college students would at
least try to follow that principle.
Our impression of the present campus po-
litical organizations is that anyone can pre-
dict just what they'll say by reading the
latest from the national officers. But there
is no attempt to work the game the other
way. Rarely, if at all, do these groups pro-
pose any innovation or change in policy
themselves.
For instance-the local ADA chapter is
suddenly planning a boom for Eisenhower.
Peculiarly enough, several ADA bigwigs have
just come out for Eisenhower. If the local
chapter really feels so strongly for this par-
ticular presidential candidate, why did they
have to wait for their top leaders to tell
them about it?
And as yet, I have heard no word from
the local Democratic club against Truman's
candidacy; nor do I expect any such policy
"break" until I hear about it first from the
national chairman.
REALIZE that students join a particular
group--the Democrats, Republicans, Pro-
gressives, Communists-because they do ac-
cept the views of the s'oup. But I have
also heard many of these same students
complain about "boss dictatorship," political
machines and people who vote without
thinking.
The purpose of establishing recognized
campus political groups was not simply to
give them the right to hear political speak-
ers and discuss politics in meetings. Many
of us thought that the student organiza-
tions would be a two-way proposition.
Not only would students acquaint them-
selves with their particular party's policies,
and help "get out the vote" for party can-
didates, but also they could inject their
own ideas into the organizations.
I do not mean to discount many of the
worthwhile activities of the various groups.
But I do feel that campus political organiza-
tions have simply missed the point.
Dumb acceptance of the "party line" is
no merit, just because you happen to feel
that your party is usually right.
-Harriett Friedman
I'D RATHER BE RIGHT:
Talkingf Peace
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
rfHE PHONE HAS BEEN RINGING. The
voices on the other end are warm, ex-
cited - good to hear in a period of dismay.
These are people who like the idea of
holding a model peace conference, an un-
official meeting of able Americans who
would undertake to sit down and argue
out a draft agreement between the Uni-
ted States and Russia on the basis of
which peace could be made.
And these are people who are talking
peace, people who have not yet, between
days or between headlines, given up the
hope that peace can be established.
The trend toward war is so deadly strong,
so sweeping, that it cannot possibly be re-
versed in a day or a week. First it must
be halted, and the reverse trend must take
hold, gradually reawakening those who have
gone inert with hopelessness during one of
the grimmest political winters of our his-
tory.
The very fact of holding a model peace
conference would serve notice that hope still
exists, that there is an area of reason still
uninvaded, a citadel of sense and reflection
still unstormed.
There would be other benefits. As orig-
inally advanced, t he proposal for a model
paea conference called for having half the
delegates 'say six out of twelve) take the
Russian side in the negotiation. This
thought is in itself perhaps a kind of shock-
er. It implies there is a Russian case. That
is an idea which many of us, during thisj
last year, have not allowed to dent the
polished surfaces of our innocent precon-
ceptions. The conference would perhaps
bring us a measure of very much needed
humility, as it brought out the fact that
there is perhaps a Russian case, in security
terms, as against a great power possessing
the atomic bomb. I have been told it would
be impossible to find six eminent Ameri-
cans, out of twelve selected, who would take
the Russian side, even in mock debate. If
that is really true, then the game is up, and
we aren't thinking any more. and have real-
ly left reflection behind, and are off to
the wars.
But the six would not be working for
Russia, any more than the other six would
be working exclusively for America; they
would all be working for the world. as
would come clear if they ever got down on
paper the beginnings of a practical, realistic,
hard-boiled plan for peace.
That sheet. of paper, however unofficial
and lacking in legal status, could become the
hottest bit of paper in the world, if it made
sense, and gave us answers.
And in discussing it, we would be talk-
BILL MAULDIN
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Cp 4by UnitedFnter. Syndcdte. n
-All ,,,hh r,ned
"How can you criticize that brave little government when it's
busy fighting for its life?"
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETINJ
'Continued from Page 2) 28. 4:30-6:30 and 7:30-10 p.m.,
.- Rackham Lecture Hall. Letters
Summer Jobs: Detroit Civil and registration cards will be
Service announces examination mailed April 23.
for Playleader (Male or Female)
to be held April 17. Applications
must be filed by April 9. Anyone Concerts
interested in recreational work in May Festival Tickets: Begin-
Detroit for the coming summer ning, Thursday, April 1, all unsold
may have further information by season tickets will be broken' up
calling at 201 Mason Hall. and placed on sale for individual
There are opportunities for concerts at the following prices
graduate students to work at the (20% tax included): main floor
Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, $3.00, first balcony $2.40 and the
Buffalo, New York, during the top balcony $1.80 each, at the of-
summer months. Present openings fices of the University Musical So-
are for graduate students in Aero- ciety in Burton Memorial Tower.
nautical Engineering, Aerodynam-
ics, Physics, Mechanical Engineer- Symphony Orchestral, Wayne
ing, Chemical Engineering, Elec- Dunlap, Conductor, will present its
trical Engineering. Applications spring concert at 8:30 Thursday
should be filed by April 15. For evening, April 1, Hill Auditorium.
further information call at 201 The group will be assisted by the
Mason Hall. University Choir, Raymond Ken-
dall, Conductor, featuring Ruth
Campbell, soprano, Gloria Gonan,
L ectuare contralto, Arthur Hackett, tenor,
University Lecture: Carl M. and William Halstead, narrator.
Saunders, editor of the Jackson The program will open with Wag-
(Mich.) Citizen Patriot, will ad- ner's Prelude to "Parsifal" fol-
dress students in the Department lowed by Bach's Cantata, No. 4,
of Journalism on "The Newspaper- Homer Keller's Symphony No. 2,
man and his Newspaper" at 3 p.m., dedicated to the University Sym-
Wed., March 31, Rm. E, Haven phony Orchestra, and Honegger's
Hall. Coffee hour will follow. The "King David."
public is invited. The general public will be ad-
mitted without charge.
Academic Notices Student Recital: Joanne John-
Doctoral Examination for Alton son Baker, Pianist, will be heard
McCaleb Harvill, Jr., Botany; the- in a recital at 8:30 Wednesday
sis: "A Phytogeographic Study of evening, March 31, Rackham As-
the Mosses of Alaska," at 2 p.m. sembly Hall. Mrs. Baker is a pu-
Thurs., April 1, Rm. 1139, Natural pi of Joseph Brinkman, and pre-
science Bldg. Chairman, W. C. ents the program in partial ful-.
Steere. fillment of the requirements for
the degree of Master of Music. It
Applied Mathematics Seminar: will include compositions by Bach,
April 1, 4 p.m., Rm. 247, W. Engi- Schubert, Chopin, and Hindemith,
neering Bldg. Prof. R. C. F. Bar- and will be open to the public.
tels will continue his discussion of --
"Retarded Potential" in Aerody- Events Today
namics.
B: R 2 :io Program:
Bacteriology Seminar: Thurs., 2:30-2:45, WKAR. The Hopwood
April 1, 4 p.m., Bacteriology Li- Room - Robert Uchitelle, and
brary, Rm. 1562, E. Medical Bldg. Bert London, Freshman Award
Dr. E. V. Moore, Jr., will discuss Winners.
"Recent Trends in Hyaluronidase 2:45-2:55, WKAR. The School of
Research." All interested are in- Music-Shirley Goldfarb, Pianist.
vited. 5:45-6:00, WPAG. Today's World
---___- and Local Problems-Prof. H. M.
Chemistry 55-2nd half: Stu- Dorr, "Expansion of the Powers of
dents enrolled in the accelerated Government."
program should report to Rm.
464, Chemistry Bldg., Wed., March Lantern Night song leaders:
31, 7 p.m. for the MF section, and Meeting, 5 p.m., W.A.B. If unable
to Rm. 400, Chemistry Bldg., to attend, please send a girl to
Thurs., April 1, 1 p.m. for the TTh represent you or call Patt New-
section. Bring Lab Manuals and berg-2-3225.
three $5.00 Chemistry coupons or
Veteran's requisition. Student Legislature Agenda for
Wed., March 31.
Geology 52: Veterans be sure re- Cabinet Report:
quisitions for aerial photos are in Recommended Bylaw for Legis-
my hands by Thurs., April 1. Dr. lators running for reelection.
Eardley. Student Opinion Poll Program.
Student Organizations' Coor-
Geometry Seminar: Wed., March dinating Committee Plan.
31, 3 p.m., Rm. 3001, Angell Hall. Booklet and Pamphlet Coordi-
Dr. Kenneth Leisenring will dis- nation.
cuss "Area in Non-Euclidean Ge- Campus Action Committee Re-
The Daily accords its readers the
privilege of submitting letters for
publication in this column. Subject
to space limitations, the general pol-
icy is to publish in the order in which
they are received all letters bearing
the writer's signature and address.
Leters exceeding 300 words, repeti-
tious letters and letters of a defana-
tory character or such letters which
for any other reason are not in good
taste will rot be published. 'he
editors reserve the privilege of con-
densing letters.
* * *
Liberal Coalition . . .
To the Editor:
IT IS NOW quite evident that
neither Truman nor Wallace
can win in November. The time
has come for members of the
Democratic party, Wallace pro-
gressives, and in-betweeners to
unite foi'a re-orientation on pol-
icy and a search for new leader-
ship. Democrats, on the one hand,
ought to work within party com-
mittees to find new presidential
candidates. They ought to ask
President Truman to withdraw his
candidacy before the convention,
so that the new candidates will
have more time to win popular
support.
The Wallace supporters, on
the other hand, now ought to
realize that an opportunity to ef-
fect constructive action is at hand.
The Wallace movement could aid
in forming a liberal leadership and
policy. In this way, out of already
registered protest would come
immediate reform, the prospect
of which is more satisfying than
the hope for reform in '52.
Many voters, I believe, are pre-
pared to support a man who would
try to revive the United Nations,
avoid creating 'crisis' confusion,
and rebuild faith in social progress
at home and in Western Europe
as an alternative to foot-soldier
training and power politics. Such
a rman will not be brought forth
until it is evident that Democratic
Varsity Committee Report:
Basketball seating for next year
open to floor for suggestions.
Report on lowering of price of
football programs.
Social Committee Report:
Program for IM dances for next
year.
Phi Delta Kappa, National pro-
fessional fraternity in Education:
Coffee hour, 4:15, Smoking Room,
University Elementary School.
Election of officers for the next
school year.
Delta . Sigma . Pi, Professional
Business Fraternity: Pledge meet-
ing, 7:30 p.m. Michigan Union.
Sigma Delta Chi: 7:30 p.m.,
Michigan Union.
Pyramid Club, of Tau Delta Phi
Fraternity: Michigan Union. Rm.
321, 7:30 p.m.
Gilbert and Sullivan Society:
Full rehearsal, 7 p.m., Michigan
League.
Institute of Aeronautical Sci-
ences: 7:30 p.m., Rm. 1084, E. En-
gineering Bldg. Mr. B. J. Simons,
Chief Division Engineer of the
Stinsonf Aircraft Div. of Consoli-
dated-Vultee will speak on "Prob-
lems of the Production Engineer."
Tickets for the Banquet, April 12,
may be purchased or reserved for
that date. If reserved, the price
per plate will be collected at the
door the night of the banquet.
Open meeting.
La p'tite causette: 3:30 p.m.,
Grill Room, Michigan League.
West Quad Radio Club-W8ZSQ:
7:30 p.m., radio room of the Wil-
liams House tower.
Student League for Industrial
Democracy and United World Fed-
eralists present Tucker P. Smith,
professor of economics at Olivet
College, who will speak on the sub-
ject "President Truman's Foreign
Policy and the Cold War:: 4:15
p.m., Michigan Union, Room 316.
The public is invited.
Americans for Democratic Ac-
ti-n: National Executive Secretary,
Bill Leuchtenburg, and National
Field Secretary, Steve Muller, will
discuss the Eisenhower Candidacy
and other issues. All members
urged to attend. All interested are
invited. Rm. 325, Michigan Union,
7:30 p.m.
Young Democrats: Business and
social meeting, 7:30 p.m., Rm. 316.
Michigan Union. New members
are invited.
Roger Williams Guild: Weekly
"chat" at the Guild House, 4:30-6
p.m.
(Contiuut'ed On page 5)
Letters to the Editor ...
ti
organizations and some Wallace
followers will support him. It is
important that the way be cleared
soon. Any prospective political
leader, except war heroes, must
have a few weeks in which to
contact the people.
Party members and non-affil-
iated liberals ought to write to
Wallace, McGrath, and state and
local leaders. The Democratic
party organizations ought to take
gi'oup action, especially since
their local and state positions are
being weakened with every new
instance of fumbling in the Ad-
ministrative circle. By acting now
liberals can turn the current con-
fusion into a united movement in
support of better leadership.
-K. J. Wilkinson
Communllist4 Propaganda
To the Editor:
N THE DAILY of March 27th,
Eddie Yellin asks, "Why do the
Alsop brothers persist in labelling
every Communist victory an ag-
gressive act by Russia?"
Let us turn back the pages of
history to 1939 and 1940, and ask
the same question by just chang-
ing 2 words, "Why do the Alsop
brothers persist in labelling every
Hitler victory an aggressive act by
Germany?"
To all the people not fooled by
Communist propaganda, especially
those millions of people, who were
enslaved by Nazism and now by
Communism, there is no difference
between Nazi and Communist ag-
gression.
The Communist of today, who
upholds the aggressions of the
conspirators of Stalin, is no better
than the Nazi bundist of 1940, who
upheld Nazi aggressions.
Eddie Yellin's letter is typical of
every letter written by individuals,
who have been fooled by insidious
Communist propaganda.
They usually start with ridicule
of some American institution, such
as American freedoms, the Con-
stitution, Bill of Rights, Declara-
tion of Independence, Congress,
Senate, American allies and
lately, American foreign policy,
and end up with the defense of
every Communist policy and deed,
as for instance, Communist ag-
gressions.
When it is no longer a Commun-
ist custom in Russia, to shoot a
person for writing a letter like
Eddie Yellin's or to sentence a
worker to a concentration prison
for refusing to work, or of provid-
ing the Russian people with a liv-
ing level, by which they have to
work 5 or 6 weeks to be able to buy
an article that an average Amer-
ican worker' is able to buy with
one week's pay, then and only
then and only then will Com-
munism resemble Communist
propaganda.
---Frank J. Albin
Fifty-Eighth Year
I
rl
li
Taft EdueafioiiAid
f
iMl
ey
A LOOK AT SOME of the public schools
in various sections of the United States
should convince almost anyone of the need
for federal aid to education,. Our educational
system is one of the foundations of Amer-
ican democracy, in that it must provide us
with a reasonably intelligent and well-in-
formed electorate; but with the meager
financial resources of many of the states
charged with operating this system, it is
having more and more trouble in per-
forming its duties satisfactorily.
Senator Taft has realized the necessity of
improving our educational facilities, and
is now urging the Senate to give favorable
consideration to a federal-aid-to-education
bill which he has helped formulate, regard-
less of the fact that such a move may cost
him some political support in an election
year.
Objections to the present bill have come
because it makes certain concessions to the
policy of racial segregation in the South.
It must be remembered that without the
support of Southern senators and repre-
sentatives the bill will have little chance
of becoming law. Unless it does become law,
we can have little hope for educational im-
provement in the South, for the southern
states simply do not have the tax resources
to support a good system of public schools.
An improvement in Southern education
could well be the first step toward the even-
tual solution of the South's racial problem.
Other objections have been raised because
of the stipulation that "no Federal func-
tionary shall exercise any direction, super-
vision, or colqtrol" over any school. pubhc
or private, affected by the act. The educa-
tional agencies of the states, which have
been held responsible for the efficient op-
eration of our schools in the past, should
still be capable of providing all necessary
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
John Campbell.......ManagIng fdIt
Dick Maloy...............City Edi or
Harriett Friedman .. Editorial Director
~Lida Dalles...........Associate Editor
Joan .Katz.............Associate Editor
Fred Schott......... Associate Editor
Dick Kraus ..............Sports Editor
Bob Lent ......Associate Sports Editor
Joyce Johnson........Women's Editor
Jean Whitney Associate Women's Editor
Bess Hayes................ Librarian
Business Staff
Nancy Helmick .......General Manaf
Jeanne Swendeman ......Ad. Manager
Edwin Schneider .. VAiance Manager
Dick Halt....... Circulation Manager
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1947.48
Looking Back
From the pages of The Daily
30 YEARS AGO TODAY:
A great epic called "Cheating the Public"
was advertised in The Daily by a local the-
atre which urged, "SEE--Factory Girls
Fight with Vicious Foreman; Great Dem-
onstration Against Heartless Profiteer;
Wond'erful Night Race Between Train and
Auto; Cruel Brow-Beating of Aged Juror;
ometry.".
Teacher's Certificate Testing
Program: Students who are taking
C1 and/or A10 and anticipate ob-
taining a teacher's certificate are
required to take the School of Ed-
ucation tests. They will be ad-
ministered by the Bureau of Psy-
chological Services, Wed., April
port:
Report on election progress.
Cultural and Educational Commit-
tee Report:
Report on Speaker Program.
Publicity Relations Committee Re-
port:
Booklet information.
N. S. A. Committee Report:
Michigan State resolutions,
BARNABY990.
Your uncle Ralph is one advertising
Yes. He's luck y, isn't he, Barnaby?
ThCot'sright! I'll have to engage
E tI A
,