FOUR T~l -MIHIAN MAY ; a 7r rte': i ' ' %i i -' ?Fi1: i i It Al ... ..R. 4. Lx4iguu an Ia'o Fifty--fighth Year WASHINGTON WIRE: Public Puiate Edited and managed by students of the Uni- versity of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Conprol of Student Publications. John Campbell ...................Managing Editor Nancy Helmick ...........,......General Manager Clyde Recht ..........................City Editor Jeanne Swendeman ........ Advertising Manager Stuart Finayson ............Editorial Director Edwin Schneider ...........Finance Manager Lida Dailes ..................Associate Editor Eunice Mintz ....................Associate Editor Dick Kraus ..... ..........Sports Editor Bob Lent ..................Associate Sports Editor oyce Johnson ................Women's Editor Joan de Carvajal ..............Library Director Melvin Tick ..................Cireculaton Manager Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press .lThe Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for re-publication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited in this news- paper. All rights of re-publication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Mich- Igan, as second class mail matter. SSubscription during the regular school year by carrier, $5.00. by mail, $6.00. Member, Assoc. Collegiate Press, 194748 Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily stafff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: NAOMI STERN e Solutions WE HOPE Congressmen have heard of the simple plan for European aid proposed by a seven-year-old, as reported recently in a metropolitan newspaper. The plan of operation was offered when '4 q her mother, after exhausting all the usual cliches on the value of eating an entire din- ner, resorted to the straw that would break any Congressman's back, "Think of all the starving children in Europe!" To which our young economist succinctly replied, "Send it to them." HE SHOWDOWN on the Palestine parti- tion has not yet come through at present writing. Mulling over the problem general- ly, we are reminded of the cartoon in one of the Chicago papers recently which pic- tured the ghost of a GI speaking to a Euro- pean child, captioned "Why didn't they con- sult me about whom was to be given the trip to the States?" -Lida Dailes IWhat's on WaxJ BACK IN THE SPOTLIGHT after a couple of years of semi-retirement Anita O'Day heads this week's singles with a sensational recording of "What is This Thing Called Love?" on Signature. Past mistress of the art of bending and twisting notes, Miss O'Day achieves a nice effect on this side, starting at race-horse tempo and sliding gracefully into medium at mid-phrase. Some brilliant scat singing is also included by this versatile performer. The reverse, "Boot- whip" is too self-consciously hip to be effec- tive. A minor little thing credited to Roy Eldridge, it isn't a perfect vehicle for Anita's talents. Studio band-backing is good. Victor has been steadily expanding its jazz catalogue of late, which comes as a wel- come surprise. A neat example of the trend is Lucky Thompson's "Boppin' the Blues." Surrounded by several well-known musicians who make their home on the West Coast, Lucky's tenor is somewhat over-shadowed by Neil Hefti's Gillespie-inflected trumpet solo and Benny Carter's usual facile alto- Arork. Dodo Marmarosa's opening chorus shows off the young pianist's startling tech- nique. The* other side, "Just One More Chance," is Lucky all the way on which he sounds like an intriguing cross between Ben' Webster and Coleman Hawkins. An Elling- ton-like mood is created by keeping the sev- eral horns, accompanying the soloist, muted and unobtrusive. Keynote recently issued an album includ- ing several left-over sides from previous sessions and entitled it "Tenor Jazz." The sides are loaded with talent, but nothing much comes of their collective efforts with but one sparkling exception. The exception is called "Wicks Kicks" and it features the Ted Nash Quintet. Strictly a pick-up group, it plays with a cohesive quality that is sadly lacking in lesser groups that work together regularly. The fetching riff is presented in the opening and closing unison choruses with solos by Ted Nash on tenor and Joe By IRVlN( .AFF WASHINGTON--The decision of Robert Hannegan to quit as Postmaster Gener- al in order to head a syndicate which owns the St. Louis Cardinals brought, I suppose, mild amusement to most people. The resig- nation of a Cabinet official.to become boss of a baseball team has an element of the kind of humor which sprin=s only from na- tive American soil. But there is more than humor in it. When you look at the lannegan resigna- tion against the backdrop of a long string of other resignations of high-echelon gov- ernment officials to go into private busi- ness, you find an instructive commentary on a certain set of values we Americans have inherited from an earlier period. These are the values of a dynamic in- dividualism rooted in the days of the ex- panding frontier, the days of vigorous for;- ing ahead to build railroads xross the country and to constr ct a mighty industri- al plant. They arc t'iu values implicit in ihe attitude that to allow the most unrestrained exercise of individual economic initiative is one of the -highest of social goods, and that that government i, best which governs least. The fruit on the trees of private enter- prise has always been more attractive to Americans than the fruits in achievement in public service. Young Americans have been traditionally unenthusiastic about government careers, as contrasted, for ex- ample, with the high premium placed on government service in England. The latest crop of resignations is fully in line with that tradition in this country. To mention just a few cases, there has been the decision of Undersecretary of State Dean Acheson to go into private law practice, the acceptance of Chairman Denny of the Federal Communications Commission of a lush job with NBC, and the return of Assis- tant Secretary of State Will Benton to pri- vate business. A number of the officials who resigned recently have been motivated admittedly by the feeling that a $10,000 a year government salary is not sufficient. The values which brought on these re- signations may have served well when America was in its youth, when the big job was to grow, to build, to push back in- dustrial horizons ever farther. But now the problem has shifted. The important task now is to keep the vast economic machine we have built from getting out of hand, not only for our own welfare, but also to meet our new obligations as a nation of the very first importance in furthering the well-being of the world. It is, in short, the task of government. And the tragic thing about the growing list of resignations is that we have been caught in the position of world leadership with an archaic set of values which makes men look down on government service as a career less desirable than that of private business. 1100KS IN kIld'I 4IFW: @ h I ierl "" -- " - " " -- - -- - '-- - - - "- R I r" -- - - - --- . . -. -.. . .--s--s-- -- -. .. . ... THE MIDDLE OF TIE JOURNEY. Lio- nel Trilling. New York: The Viking Press. 1947. 310 pages. rfo SAY that this is a book for and about "liberals would over-simplify the au- thor's purpose and the book's meaning, for it is not a simple book. One cannot, how- ever, over-state its value and importance to the reader of contemporary literature who is also seriously, if not anxiously, con- cerned with the state of the world today in terms of political philosophy and the confusions with which the modern mind is beset. The temptation to over-simplification, however strong, must be resisted because, while the central character of the book, John Laskell, calls himself a "liberal" and is confronted with crises which are funda- mentally ideological, the resolution of his mental conflict is by no means clear-cut and definite. The issues involved are too complex, too clouded by the exigencies of ,day-to-day living and by the pressures of strong and intimate personal relation- ships and too charged with emotional over- tones, to afford a complete disentanglement and analysis within the bounds of what is primarily a work of fiction. It is, in fact, to the strongly philosophical tenor of the book that the reader who is looking simply for "good fiction" may ob- ject. Because of a somewhat oblique style, its aesthetic qualities may be said to have been neglected in favor of its "message," but the line is a fine one. The external details of the plot may be outlined briefly: John Laskell, recovering from a serious illness during which death ap- peared as fascinating, even pleasurable, visits his dearest friends, young Arthur and Nancy Croom, at their Connecticut country home, troubled both by his own peculiar state of mind and by the puzzling actions and words of a third friend, Gifford Maxim. Laskell is the central character in that the story is projected through his conscious- ness, but it is the apostate, Gifford Maxim, who really holds the center of the stage, continuously the object of curiosity and con- jecture. Maxim, subtle and masked but of a strong and dominating personality, is placed in juxtaposition to the intense, fiery Nancy and the stubborn intelligent Arthur. The great and important fact about Maxim is that he has broken with The Party, thereby disil- lusioning the other three principal charact- ers, who, striving for "ideas on which to build their lives," are confronted with the possible failure of liberalism as a practical ideology. Through Maxim, the reader perceives the real tragedy underlying their disenchant- ment. Unable to face the cruel fact of death, their earnest and sincere idealism is doomed to failure because they are confronted with the possibility that the revolutionaries, in whom they had trusted to do "the dirty work," may desert the cause, just as Maxim has. He, realizing that revolution is not the answer because it neglects Man while striv- ing for the welfare of mankind, is travelling to the other end of the pendulum's swing, finding the only possible answer in the other extreme - religion. And here there is an even deeper tragedy, lying in the fact that man's striving for truth takes its form in extremes, rather than in natural and slow, but ever progressive, development. Only Laskell, more perceptive and less intense than the young Crooms, begins to understand the situation: "The idealism of Nancy and Arthur, which, raised to a higher degree, had once been the idealism of Maxim himself, had served for some years now the people who demanded ideas on which to build their lives. It had presented the world as in movement and drama, had offered the pos- sibility of heroism or martyrdom, made available the gift of commitment and virtue to those who chose to grasp it. But 'Laskell saw that the intellectual power had gone from that system of idealism, and much of its power of drama had gone. The time was getting ripe for a competing system. And it would be brought by the swing of the pendulum, not by the motion of growth. Maxim was riding the pendulum." Once the reader has agreed to make the effort required in understanding and appre- ciating this book, he will find its author's technique not incomprehensible. Mr. Trill- ing, already noted for his scholarly works in English literature, (he is also a member of the Columbia University faculty) has hit at the heart of modern man's dilemma while making a definite contribution to contem- porary literature in the way of a brilliant and provoking first novel. That there will be an even more than usually eager antici- pation of his second novel goes without saying. -Natalie Bagrow General Library Book List Bromfield, Louis-Colorado. New York, Harper, 1947. Davidson, David-The Steeper Cliff. New York, Random House, 1947. Lin YuTang-The Gay Genius: The Life and Times of Su Tungpo. New York, John Day,. 1947. Lippman, Walter-The Cold War. New York, Harper, 1947. Mott, Frank Luther-Golden Multitudes. New York, Macmillan, 1947. Spencer, Cornelia-The Missionary. New York, John Day, 1947. McHugh, Vincent-The Victory. New York, Random House, 1947. Roberts, Cecil-And So to America. New York, Doubleday, 1947. Schmitt, Gladys-Alexandra. New York, Dial Press, 1947. Sitwell, Osbert-Great Morning! Boston, Atlantic, Little, 1947. Strode, Hudson-Now in Mexico. New York, Harcourt, 1947. Trilling, Lionel-The Muiddle of the Journey. New York, Viking, 1947. The statistical reports of the National La- bor Relations Board continue to afford an interesting index to the effects of the Taft- Hartley Act. Of the 351 complaints of unfair labor practices filed in October, hardly one iFourth were filed by employers ag'ainst unions. Of the 58 collective bargaining elec- tions conducted, union representation was voted in 42. -Christian Science Monitor MATTER OF FACT: Hurly-Burly TB: S4TEWART AxLsfl' W ASHINGTON-The non -Coi- munist provision of the Taft- Hartley Law has already caused an immense hurly burly through- out the labor movement, and mi- graine headaches for the members of the National Labor Relations Board. The board leaped one hurdle when it ruled that the of- ficers of the national labor or- ganizations need not sign the law's non-Communist affidavits. But it is now evident that despite this ruling, more hurly burly in the labor movement and more head- aches for the labor board are in prospect. The strange legal maze, which the legislators unwittingly cre- ated in their attempt to cut the Communists in the labor move- ment down to size, is typified by the pending case between the Remington Rand Corporation and the United Electrical Work- ers. This case may have an im- portant impact on the whole pattern of labor-management relations. The Remington Rand Company has asked the N.L.R.B.to hold an election in its plants to determine what union represents the major- ity of its ten thousand workers. These workers are now organized in the electrical workers' union. But the United Electrical Workers is not only the third biggest un- ion in the C.I.O. It is also the largest Communist-dominated un- ion in the country. Largely be- cause if they did so most of them would be clapped into jail on per- jury charges, the officers of the U.E.W. have refused to sign the Taft-Hartley Law's non-Commun- ist affidavits. There seems little doubt that the Congress intended that any union whose officers refused to sign the affidavits could have no place on the ballot in an N.L.R.B. election. Thus if the N.L.R.B. orders an election in the Remington Rand plants, and if the U.E.W. is denied a place on the ballot, the resulting elec- tion will obviously be strictly on the Balkan pattern. In this curious Balkan-type election, two things could hap- pen. A rival union could take ad- vantage of the situation by suc- cessfully horning in. This is pos- sible in the Remington Rand case. The Independent International Association of Machinists has long been hungrily eyeing the electri- cal workers' bailiwick. Since the electrical workers would not be on the ballot, the machinists would have an enormous tactical advan- tage. The machinists might be the legal victors, even with a minority of the workers actually support- ing them. If the machinists won with what might actually be no more than a small minority of the workers backing them, very bad trouble between the two factions of work- ers could certainly be expected. But if the majority of the workers voted for "no unidn" with the real purpose of protecting the U.E.W. from its rival organization, labor- management relations would au- tomatically revert to the law of the jungle. Both' sides could de- pend on their economic strength alone to protect their interests. Certainly this is not what the framers of the Taft-Hartley Law intended. That is why there is considerable sentiment on the la- bor board that the law should be so interpreted as to allow a union a place on the ballot even if its officers fail to sign the non-Com- munist affidavits. In certain cases such a. ruling would actually pro- tect the interests of employers. It would prevent jurisdictional strikes between rival unions, one of which had not signed the affi- davits and thus, for the Labor Board's purposes, did not legally exist. But this interpretation of the law would require much finag- ling with the clear Congressional intent, and N.L.R.B. counsel Rob- ert Denham is known to oppose it. The basic issue-whether the non-Communist clause of the new labor act is constitutional -will eventually be decided by the Supreme Court. No one knows, of course, how that body will decide. But it can certain- ly be argued that the wording of the law, which requires a un- ion officer to swear that he "does not believe in" Commun- ist doctrines, skirts perilously close to thought-control, and thus threatens the Bill of Rights. At any rate, one thing seems clear already. That is that to at- tempt to wipe out Communist strength in the labor unions by legislation is a doubtful, experi- ment. As Walter Reuther's smash- ing victory in the auto workers has demonstrated, it is better to rely on the plain good sense of the rank and file of American labor. (Copyright, 1947, New York, Herald Tribune, Inc.) (Continued from Page 3) 1 University Community Center, Willow Run. Mon., Dec. 1, 8-10 p.m., Faculty Wives' Bridge. Tues., Dec. 2, 8-10 p.m., Wives Club presents Prof. E. H. Gault, who will speak on "Day to Day1 Buying." Wed., Dec. 3, 12 noon, Deadline for entrance of material for Art Exhibition; 8-10 p.m., Creative Writers Group; 8-10 p.m., Natur- al Dance Group. Thurs., Dec. 4, 8-10 p.m., Art Exhibition Opening Tea, sponsored by the Art Group. West Lodge: Mon., Dec. 1, 6:45 p.m., Bowling League - Willow Village Bowling Alley; 7:30 p.m., Badminton Club. Tues., Dec. 2. 6:45 p.m., Basket- ball League: 7:30 p.m., Fencing Club. Wed., Dec. 3, 8 p.m., Volleyball League. Thurs., Dec. 4, 6:45 p.m., Bas- ketball League. Fri., Dec. 5, 8:30 p.m., Square Dance. Sun., Dec. 7, 4:30 p.m., Coffee Hour. Lectuiires University Lecture: "The Time- Space Concept of the Work of Pi- casso" (illustrated). Dr. Paul M. Laporte, lecturer on Fine Arts. Oh- vet College; auspices of the Mu- seum of Art. 4:15 p.m., Wed., Dec. 3, Rackham Amphitheatre. The public is invited. University Lecture: Dr. Clifford T. Morgan, Chairman, Depart- ment of Psychology, Johns Hop- kins University, will speak on the subject, "Learning and the Brain," at 4:15 p.m., Thurs.. Dec. 4, Rack- ham Amphitheatre; auspices of the Department of Psychology. The public is invited. French Lecture: Prof. W. F. Pat- terson of the Romance Lan- guage Department, will lecture on the subject, "Louis XIII," at 4:10 p.m., Tues., Dec. 2, Rm. D, Alum- ni Memorial Hall; auspices of Le Cercle Francais. Tickets for the se- ries of lectures may be procured at Rm. 112, Romance Language Bldg., or at the door at the time of lecture. The public is invited. Academic Notices Political Science 52: Exam pre- viously scheduled for Wed. will be given Mon., Dec. 1 at 10 a.m. Business Administration 173. Property and Liability Insurance: Midsemester examination, 2 p.m., Thursday, Dec. 4, Rm. 25, Angell Hall. Chemistry 234: Students plan- ning to elect physico-chemical methods of analysis (instrumenta- tion) spring term should leave their name with Mr. J. A. Dean, 328 Chemistry Bldg. The instruc- tor's permission is required as lab- oratory space is limited. Group Representation Seminar: 7:45 p.m., Mon., Dec. 1, Rm. 3010, Angell Hall. Orientation Seminar: 7 p.m., Mon., Dec. 1, Rm. 3001, Angell Hall. Mr. M. L. Curtis will speak on "The Hausdorff Paradox." Physical and Inorganic Chem- istry Seminar: 4:15 p.m., Mon., Dec. 1, Rm. 303, Chemistry Bldg. Prof. E. F. Westrum, Jr. will speak on "Chemistry of Neptunium." Concerts The University Musical Society will present the Don Cossack Chorus, Serge Jaroff, conductor, in the Second Annual Extra Con- cert Series, Tues., Dec. 2, 8:30 p.m., Hill Auditorium. Conductor Jaroff has built a program of folk songs, religious music, and Rus- sian soldier songs. A limited number of tickets are available at the offices of the Uni- versity Musical Society in Burton Tower, and will be on sale at the Hill Auditorium box office on the night of the concert after 7 p.m. Faculty Concert: Gilbert Ross, violinist, Oliver Edel, cellist, and Joseph Brinkman, pianist, will present a concert at 8:30 p.m., Sun., Dec. 7, Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. Program: Mozart's Trio in E major, K. 542, Brahms' Trio in C major, Op. 87, and Beethov- en's Trio in D major, Op. 70, No. 1. The public is cordially invited. Exhibitions DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN It 31 Letters to the Editora.. EDITOR'S NOTE: Because The Daily prints every letter to the editor re- ceived (which is signed, 300 words or less in length, and In good taste) we remind our readers that the views expressed in letters are those of the writers only. Letters of more than 300 words are shortened, printed or omitted at the discretion of the edi- torial director. Challenge To the Editor: WRITE THIS LETTER as a challenge to all hot jazz fans on campus. This group is divided into two segments - the modern jazz adicts and the two beat men. Much mouth noise has been made by both groups as to the relative merits and demerits of both jazz forms. But what disturbs me is the intolerance and lack of know- ledge each shows about his "op- ponent's" product. During record sessions, the beboppers loudly mimic the tailgating trombone and the heavy drum beat, while the dixielanders just as impolitely squirm, make faces, and groan at every seemingly sour note in a be- bop solo. Let's stop this nonsense! Here's my challenge - , This Sunday night (at 8 p.m. in the League) the Hot Record Soci- ety will present a lecture and re- cord concert on Chicago jazz giv- en by Phil Diamond - a noted col- lector. If the beboppers will turn out en masse and thus show an honest effort to find out about the other side's views, I will per- sonally guarantee to bring down the dixieland crowd to a concert and lecture on bebop that the soci- ety will present. How about it? -Leonard Leff, Vice-President, Hot Record Society Daily Survey To the Editor: THERE IS a Michigan statute which declares it unlawful to refuse, on account of color or na- tural origin, any person in any restaurant, hotel, barber shop, and other places of public accommoda- tion. A Daily survey last spring revealed that 22 out of Ann Ar- bor's 26 barber shops flatly re- fused to serve Negroes, the law notwithstanding. The two colored shops, the Michigan ,Union, and one white shop are the only places where Negroes may receive serv- ice. The excuses advanced by the barbers for such flagrant flouting of the law range from: "Our cus- tomers object," to "We can't cut a Negro's hair because of differ- ence in texture," and "Negroes are dirty, therefore health laws protect us from serving them." Because many of the proprietors would not be in business were it not for the University, which in- creases the Ann Arbor popula- tion by some 20,000, the Board of Regents was approached for aid in ending such action which rele- gates Negro students to a kind of left-handed citizenship. No for- mal action can be expected by the Regents because of the establish- ed policy of not interfering in matters which do not directly con- cern University affairs. However, I have talked individually with some of the members of the Board, and they agree that some action should be taken to end this shame- ful situation. This is not a matter for the Inter-Racial Association only; it is not something which merely change exhibition of student work from the College of Architecture of the University of Illinois. Spon- sored by the student branch of the A.I.A. Architecture Building. Century of Photography; from the Muse- um of Modern Art. Through De- cember 15. "Natural History Studies at the Erwin S. George Reserve, Uni- versity of Michigan," Museums Bldg. Rotunda. Through Decem- . Events Today Women's Glee Club Rehearsals: Nov. 30, 9 a.m.; Dec. 1, 4 p.m.; Dec. 2, 4 p.m. All members are re- quested to attend. U. of M. Hot Record Society: 8 p.m., Michigan League Ball- room. Program: Lecture and re- cord concert. The public is invit- ed.- - I.Z.F.A.: Discussion on "The Jewish Agency and the Political Structure of Palestine." News di- gestof the week, dancing, sing- ing. Tues., 8 p.m., Hillel Founda- tion. All invited. Michigan Dames Interior De- corating Group: 8 p.m., Mon., Dec. (Coutinued on Page 7) concerns Negro students. It should be a topic of discussion in every campus organization - something every decent, fair minded student could well afford to think over, and decide his individual ap- proach. Thcre are no political is- sues involved. We are not inter- ested in arguing the moral as- pects. But the legislature of Mich- igan has seen fit to protect certain civil liberties by incorporating them into the laws of the state. We expect, just as any person who believes in democracy expects, that they will not be violated. What can you do? Go in and voice your protest when you pass a barber shop (women can also participate). Letters may be writ- ten to the Barber's Association The Union and other shops which don't discriminate could be pat- ronized exclusively. Perhaps The Daily could get along without the barber advertisements which, in effect, are asking for white pat- rons only. The IRA is working out more elaborate plans for ending this discrimination. We welcome the aid of any individtlk or organ- ization which is interested in at least making Ann Arbor a better place to live. No, the millennium has not ar- rived. We have no illusions to- ward changing the social order overnight. But we can think of no better place to begin than among 20,000 students, who have not yet been imbued with the specious notion that their well being, and that of the nation, de- pends upon the segregation and exploitation of a minority group. With those benefits which accrue to patient, tolerant, souls in the life after death, we are not con- cerned. It is in our time that we are seeking freedom from racial bigotries and hatreds. -Carroll Little, Former president, IRA IRA Action To the Editor: HE TOWN HALL IDEA is one of the fundamental tenets of democracy. When IRA and cer- tain of the clergy cease common discussion in attempt at decision over a critical issue, and attempt force through law, then IRA casts town hall to the winds and admits of failure. By what naive rea- soning does IRA believe that emo- tion and understanding can be legislated. By what reasoning do they believe that the many white people who do not understand the problem will do so through legislation. How comfortable will colored people feel; will they patronize regardless of law any place in which they feel that white pro- prietor and white patron do not care for them? The only recourse you have, IRA, for immediate re- sults is to put up stock and open an inter-racial barber shop of your own" in town. We tried it in my home town - the liberal college town of Oberlin, Ohio - and the barber shop though still in busi- ness is not a success. If you have the grit and ingenuity, IRA, may- be you can do it. Count me in on. the stock and steady business for the shop. I -H. Lee Wilson YPCM To the Editor: WITH THE PURPOSE of "trans- lating an enhanced interest in the problems facing the Ameri- can people into fuller participation by students in the processes and mechanics of government,"' over 65 students have banded together to form the Young Progressive Citizens of Michigan. We feel, however, that the vast majority of the students on campus have a stake in our projected program and therefore invite all students, especially those who have never participated in student movements to work with us and help further our objectives. We plan to study the adminis- trative structure of national, lo- cal, and state governments and to establish, research and study groups to survey local public opin- ion and to study and disseminate information on specific issues. This, though it is a long range program and extremely inclusive, is necessary action that must be taken by some student group. We propose to do all this providing we get the people to help us. For the next week, until the student legislature elections, we shall be concerned with promoting methods of getting out the vote on the campus and publicizing to the full- est extent the candidates' state- ments and platform. In this we shall be working with and through the student legislature. It is vital that students have an interest in their campus govern- ing body - without such a con- cern they will certainly lack an interest in their local and nation- I al governments. We are aware at all times that next Year is a n pele- Architecture Building. Ex- BARNABY . . ---------- , I