THE MICHIGAN DAILY Fifty-Eighth Year I MATTER OF FACT: Good Investment BILL MAULDIN Letters to the Editor... Edited and managed by students of the Uni- versity of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Editorial Stafff John Campbell ...................Managing Editor Clyde Recht.......................City Editor Stuart Finlayson ..............Editorial Director Eunice Mintz..................Associate Editor Dick Kraus ....................... Sports Editor Bob Lent.................Associate Sports Editor Joyce Johnson .................... Women's Editor Betty Steward ..........Associate Women's Editor Business Staff Nancy Helmick.................General Manager Jeanne Swendeman......... Advertising Manager Edwin :Schneider ................Finance Manager Melvin Tick.................Circulation Manager Telephone 23-,4-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for re-publication of all new dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited in this news- paper. All rights of re-publication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Mich- igan, as second class mail matter. Subscription durng the regular school year by cairrier, $5.00, by mail, $6.00. Member, Assoc. Collegiate Press, 1947-48 Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. NIGHT EDITOR: NAOMI STERN Writers Wanted As a student newspaper, the primary purpose of The Daily is to present an im- partial round-up of the important news of the day and to provide a sounding board for student opinion. The editorials which appear on this page represent the views of the respective members of The Daily staff. In order to increase the scope of opinion presented a student column will be printed. The editors of The Daily invite all students interested in writing an editorial column to submit three sample golumns for con- sideration. Manuscripts should be sub- mitted to the editors of The Daily by noon Monday, Sept. 29. Positions as staff reviewers for movies, music, books, and Art Cinema are also available. Music students will receive special consideration for the position of music critic. Sample reviews and criti- cisms for these positions should also be submitted by noon Monday, Sept. 29. -The Senior Editors By JOSEPH ALSOP OME-Here in Italy, it is easy to foresee and describe the consequence of Ameri- can inaction in the present world economic crisis. If we do not promptly meet the chal- lenge, Italy's barely reborn freedom will meet an early death. And thus will be set in remorseless motion a chain of events which must end with political and strategic disaster, utter, complete and irretrievable except by the terrible expedient of war, for us in the United States. It is less easy, yet equally important, to estimate the effectiveness of the remedies which the United States can offer. Yet after exhaustively consulting all available authorities, this correspondent ventures the opinion that Italy is a presently good investment in this inevitably risky world. Reams of statistics could be offered to support the statement that the Italians have already achieved a triumph in post-war reconstruction. In every ministry in Rome, they give you sheeves of figures-and very moving figures too-showing bridges rebuilt, transport links reopened, factories restored to production, and farm output brought up by the unrelenting labor of the Italian peo- ple. But it is immeasurably more convincing, Oleo vs. Butter WHILE ATTEMPTS are being made to curb the activities of the nation's lob- byists, a monument to the success of lobby- ists for the dairy industry seems to go un- noticed. Butter interests have managed to throttle the housewife's tight food budget by impos- ing one restriction after another on the manufacture and sale of butter's competi- tor, oleomargarine. Taxes make it either im- possible to buy oleomargarine or inconven- ient by adding the work of mixing it to achieve a more appetizing yellow color. With butter prices skittering all the way from sixty cents to one dollar, this is a good time to review the situation. "If we were to color . . . (our brand) ... margarine yellow-which could be easily done in our modern plants at no extra cost, THEN we'd have to charge you 10 cents more per pound, to cover the tax," an oleo manufacturer says on the inside of the carton of his product. "But in 23 states, colored margarine can't be sold at any price," he adds. Michigan is one of those 23 states. The prohibition of the sale of colored margarine in these states is explained in a booklet. "Colored Oleo Sold as Butter," published by the National Cooperative Milk Producers Federation "in the interest of public welfare." The booklet explains how "sharks" sell oleo as butter. Captions read: "Crafty Enough to Hoodwink Women in 6 New Eng- land States, but Not to Escape Federal Con- viction!" Also: "'Butter' That Didn't Look Right to a Housewife Helped Lead to Roundup of Fraud Ring." (The picture shows gentlemen of the law capturing two rough-looking oleo "racketeers.") In true Sunday supplement style, the booklet tells of fake cemetary addresses, shady salesmen and submarines prowling around the Gulf. Dairymen admit that 95 per cent of the country's margarine is beyond reproach, ac- cording to "Must this Food Be Taxed Off Our Tables," by Sam Shulsky, in the Feb- ruary, 1947, This Month magazhie. These laws have not been enacted to pro- test the housewife, who has the Pure Food and Drugs Act and later federal laws to protect her from fraud and mislabeling of merchandise. These laws protect the dairy industry, like Wisconsin's manufacturer's tax of $1,- 000, wholesaler's tax of $500 and retailer's tax of $25. Restaurants and boarding houses that color oleo, and openly admit it, are taxed $600 by the federal government. And yet oleo is still less expensive than butter! -Craig Wilson since fallible human nature has a tendency to reject statisitical proofs, to visit one of those areas in Italy which were scenes of almost total desolation hardly more than three years ago. Salerno, the site of the bloody Salerno landing, was one such. Yet on that enchant- ed coast today there is hardly a sign of the outpouring of blood, the carnival of des- truction, which so recently occurred. More ancient history is immeasurably more con- spicuous. Like a dream of the glory of Greece, the honey-colored temples drowse at Paestum among the oleanders. Domed house roofs and pointed windows in the little fishing villages recall the Saracen do- minion. And in Salerno's cathredral, al- though the forecourt with its borrowed Roman columns still shows some signs of shell fire, the guide points happily to me- mentos of the great Pope Hildebrand and the superb mosaics of the time of Ferdinand of Henenstauffen. Salerno and the countryside are restored again. The scars of war are cleaned away. The peasants labor to make ten square ards of arable earth by building ten square yards of wall to hold the land against the.moun- tainside. The figs, the lemons and the or- anges are fruiting in the sun on every ter- race. The lights of the fishing fleets twinkle numerously in every bay at dusk. And only the empty resort hotels, vacant because none but Americans can afford to travel, hint of the catastrophe of bankruptcy that menaces western Europe. THE LESSON is extremely simple. The Italians work. They work in the factor- ies of Milan and Turin, in the smiling Tus- can countryside, or on the sharp slopes of South Italy. By work they have got their country going again, so that industrial pro- duction has risen from 25 per cent of pre- war to 70 per cent, while farm output has increased from 60 per cent of pre-war to 80 per cent. This national production must provide, however, for a population increased by nearly three millions since 1940, so that the level of individual life is still far below what it was in the pre-war period. It is, in fact, something like an internment camp. The ration of 200 grams of bread a day provides the bulk of the individual Italian's sus- tenance. The trimmings-the oil, fish, fruit, cheese and scraps of meat-are obtained in tiny quantities at staggering prices on the black market, or often from relatives who own farms. It is because the level of life is still so low that the Communist party re- tains important strength. And in raising the level of life everything depends on two things. There must be dol- lars from the United States, to provide wheat for bread, fertilizer for the long un- fertilized fields and coal and raw materials for the factories. And we must somehow prevent the world economic collapse which would cut off the Italian export (as well as our own). Disaster will come in Italy if the dollars are lacking or world economic chaos is permitted to occur. The specific needs of Italy are, more- over, fairly moderate in total. Securing wheat allocations from the world pool (a vital subject which must be dealt with later a greater length) will actualle be harder than making the needed dollars available. In very brief terms, the Italian government has asked Washington for $250 millions to cover the deficit for the rest of this year, and for a descending scale of reconstruction credits for four years thereafter. These sums to put Italy on her feet amount to $825 millions for 1949, $410 millions for 1950 and $130 mil- lions for 1951. The amounts are considerable but they are also appoximately one-fortieth of the cost to the American taxpayer of another $20 billions annually for national defense. And the incomparable myopia of a Kenneth Wherry-surely an important case for poli- tico-medical history-is needed not to see that tripling the cost of the national defense will be the first result of letting western Europe slip into the Soviet sphere. (Copyright, 1947, New York Herald Tribune) I MIAMI, ARIZONA - My wife and I were hanging around a cop- per company here, watching all the processes which take metal out of rock, when we were given an invitation to go down into the the mine. My newlywed respond- ed with such enthusiasm that we were dropping on a cable hoist and were 900 feet underground before I realized what was hap- pening. Clad in denim britches, a helmet with a lamp attached to a heavy battery on her belt, and a big pair of galoshes, my lady made a fetching picture. But she suddenly seemed nervous as we climbed down a hundred-foot lad- der which gave us an altimeter reading of minus 1,000 feet, and began a mile-and-a-half trek through the labyrinth of the 40- year-old mine. As she stepped off the ties of ore-oar rails into the slippery muck between thick timber braces to get out of the way of the rat- tling trains that went by, walked on narrow planks above night- marish pits that yawned a hund- red feet deep, and stooped under great timbers that bent and creaked from the strain of hold- ing countless tons of rock in place, I thought I knew what caused her nervousness, and felt that it was well justified, because I was feeling pretty spooked myself. If you have even a little claustro- phobia, it is brought out by crawl- ing around in a deep mine. This was a well-run establishment, which is proud of owning one of the finest safety records in the mining business, but any mine is scary if you are not used to them. However, it turned out that my lady was not the least bit scared. She accounted for her nervous- ness by telling me that just after she had stepped off the hoist and started down the ladder, she had suddenly remembered reading that miners are more superstitious about women underground than old salts used to be about skirts aboard ship. She was afraid her presence down there might irri- tate somebody. But everything was all right by the time she had passed the first dozen men. They were not super- stitutious. At first their jaws dropped at the sight of a gal trip- ping along, flashing her light into interesting corners. (We were lat- er told that it was the first time a woman had been in that part of the mine.) Then reaction set in, and the tunnels echoed and re- echoed to the kind of noises all young bucks make at all young gals on drugstore curbs and schoolhouse steps. My wife's ner- vousness disappeared. She made a noble effort at blushing, whis- pered snappily to me that no gentleman ever whistles at girls, and felt right at home at minus 1,000 feet. EDITOR'S NOTE: Because The Daily prints every letter to the editor re- ceived (which is signed, 300 words or less in length, and in good taste) we remind our readers that the views expressed in letters are those of the writers only. Letters of more than 300 words are shortened, printed or omitted at the discretion of the edi- torial director. ,* * * Congratulations 12em Edit Pg To the Editor: WISH to congratulate you on your excellent management of The Michigan Daily this summer. All students whom I have talked to agree that The Michigan Daily has become a much more interest- ing and readable paper. It is to be hoped that next fall will not bring back the radicalism and preju- diced viewpoints that have domi- nated the paper in the past. I feel that The Michigan Daily now rep- resents the student body, whereas before I would not have liked any outsider to have read The Daily and judged the students by it. Sampson P. Holland, Jr. *, * * On Fielding Yost To the Editor: HE 1 PHYSICAL education pro- gram under consideration in the University does credit to Di- rector Crisler, Co-chairmen Do- herty and Campbell, and their committee, but we may properly recall that it is also the length- ened shadow of an inspiring man, Fielding H. Yost. His interests were broad and humane and he tried to make others the same. Nosport ever came first; with Yost, the first consideration was always to ben- efit the character and develop- ment of the individual player. In private life, he was a shrewd, suc- cessful businessman; and he was generous with his fortune. A bril- liant politician and United States Senator could tell you that Yost was the only man he ever met whose personal magnetism sur- passed his own. A Wisconsin at- torney general could tell you how fascinatingly Yost could rehearse the Battle of Waterloo. The people who remember Yost's personal force and kindness are innumer- able. He had the greatest talent of all; that of appreciating the worth and ability of other men from every field and of gathering them around him. Long before Michigan acquired its present great athletic plant, Yost remarked. "Some day I'm going to be able to fly over Ann Arbor in an airplane and look down upon ten thousand boys and girls at play in some form of organized athletic activity." That was his dream., but only one reason Michigan can be glad to have had here a man made from the stuff God makes into Eisen- howers, Lincolns, Goethes, a man endowed with magnanimity. R. Morgan. Pedestrian Types To the Editor: I AM A BICYCLIST because I am too lazy to walk to class and you can make of that whatever you want. And furtherwI have no doubts but what I've caused grief enough to pedestrians; but, speak- ing now of pedestrians, have you ever noticed: (1) The five-beers type, who manages to cover ninety per cent of the sidewalk on his cross-cam- pus peregrinations? Or, (2) The gregarious types, who amble four abreast down the Diag, and who, were they moving any slower, would be going backward? Or. (3) The forgetful type, who, in the middle of the noon rush, stops dead in his tracks, places one forefinger in mouth, and wonders where he left that German book? Or, (4) The BMOC who feels called upon to halt at every sidewalk in- tersection and to hold conversa- tion with his little chums-always dead center in the sidewalk? Etc., etc. But it makes life so interesting! -John R. Carnes. 4Y DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Robot Statesmen? IN SPITE of the efforts of parents to cur- tail the activities of comic book heroes, they may actually be keeping their young readers in step With the future, for sci- entists are fast bringing the cartoonists' world to reality. Newest artistic creation brought to life is the robot plane which made its first successful flight across the ocean Mon- day. Although the possibility of a robot war is reduced by the need for a reception beam, which would require an inside job on the receiving end, the consequences of the new device could well be serious. Fifth column infiltration was an important factor in the last war and there is no reason to as- sume it couldn't be accomplished in another. However, while Army officers and sci- entists are pondering future developments of the device in terms of robot war and automatic cargo shipments, our comic book reading younger generation is prob- ably already living in anticipation of a passive press-button existence in which all human activities would be carried out by robots. How much information robot students could glean from robot professors is a ques- tion, for instance, but an even more fas- cinating idea would be to see if robots could make less of a mess of world affairs than, their inventors. Too bad they couldn't be operated by the cartoonists' heroes in- stead of those of national make. -Joan Katz FOR AMERICANS and for American busi- ness, the most important single spot on earth today is the Ruhr Valley of Germany and no one but the United States can super- vise tle rebuildiig of the Ruhr successfully. Certainly the British must remain full partners in. the political administration of Germany. But their recent production re- cord demands turning the job of revitalizing the Ruhr industries over to the nation which is paying the bill and which leads the world in production. -McGraw-Hill Publications (Continued from Page 2) a picture for the fall semester may sign for the print between Thursday, Sept. 25 and Saturday, Oct. 4, West Gallery, Alumni Me- morial Hall. A desk will be set up' at that time for this purpose. Stu- dents are requested to bring stu- dent identification with them at the time they make their reserva- tion. A rental fee will be charged. The prints will be issued from Rm. 205, University Hall, the week following the close of the exhibit on Oct. 4. The West Gallery is open to the public from 10-12 a.m. and from 2-5 p.m. daily ex- cept Monday. Approved social events for the coming week-end: September 26: Couzens Hall, Jordan Hall; Mosher Hall; Win- chell House; Zeta Tau Alpha. September 27: Acacia; Alpha Delta Phi; Alpha Delta Pi; Alpha Epsilon Phi; Alpha Kappa Kappa; Alpha Tau Omega; Beta Theta Pi; Chi Phi; Chi Psi; Delta Kappa Epsilon; Delta Sigma Delta; Del- ta Tau Delta; Kappa Sigma; Michigan Christian Fellowship; Nu Sigma Nu; Phi Delta Phi; Phi Delta Theta; Phi Gamma Delta; Phi Kappa Psi; Phi Kappa Tau; Phi Rho Sigma; Phi Sigma Delta; Psi Upsilon; Sigma Alpha Epsilon,; Sigma Alpha Mu; Sigma Nu; Sig- ma Phi Epsilon; Theta Chi; Theta Delta Chi; Theta Xi; Zeta Beta Tau; Zeta Psi. Canadian Undergraduate Stu- dents: Application blanks for the Paul J. Martin Scholarship for Canadian undergraduate students may be obtained at the Scholar- ship Office, Rm. 205, University Hall. To be eligible a student must have been enrolled in the University for at least one semes- ter of the school year 1946-47. All applications should be re- turned to that office by Tuesday, Sept. 30, 1947. The scholarship will be assigned on the basis of need and superior scholastic achievement. Applications for Bomber Scho- larships: Applications may be ob- tained at the Scholarship Office, Office of Student Affairs, Rm. 205 University Hall, and must be re- turned to that office not later than Tuesday, Sept. 30. To be eligible for these scholarships a student must have served at least one year in the armed forces dur- ing the last war, must have com- pleted satisfactorily not less than the equivalent of two semesters of credit hours in any undergrad- uate school or college in this Uni- versity, and shall have received no degree of any kind from this University. Awards will be made according to need, character, and scholarship ability after compari- son of applicants. Seniors in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering: The Douglas Aircraft Company, Inc. has established a scholarship of $500 to be used during the cur- rent school year. The scholarship will be awarded to a highly rec- ommended student in Aeronau- tical or Mechanical Engineering who has completed his Junior year at the University. Applica- tions should be in letter form, giving a brief statement of qual- ifications and experience in re- gard to both scholastic work and any outside experience they may have had. Any service record should be mentioned. Senior Me- chanicals will address their letters of application to Prof. R. S. Haw- ley, Rm., 221 W. Eng. Bldg., sen- ior Aeronauticals will send their applications to Prof. E. W. Con- lon, Rm. 1501 E. Eng. Bldg. Ap- plications will be received up to October 3. Aeronautical Engineering Stu- dents: There is available one $500 Robert L. Perry Memorial Fellow- ship to students in Aeronautical Engineering who are in need of financial assistance and who show definite promise in this field. In the selection of a candi- date preference will be given to veteran pilots. Applications should be in letter form, giving a state- ment of services in the armed forces, and addressed to Prof. E. W. Conlon, Rm. 1501 E. Eng. Bldg. Applications will be received up to October 3. Scholarship Open to Senior Mechanical, Aeronautical and Electrical Engineering Students: Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Cor- poration has established an an- nual scholarship of $250 which is available to students who are in their Junior year in the above fields of engineering and who are highly recommended by their fac- ulty Scholarship Committee. The student will be employed by the Company the first semester after the award. Application forms for, this scholarship may be obtained in the Aeronautical Eng. Office. Consolidated Vultee Graduate Fellowship: The Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corporation has established two annual Graduate Fellowships of $750 each, avail- able to graduates of accredited engineering, metallurgy, physics or mathematics schools who are' highly recommended by their fac- ulty Scholarship Committee, for graduate study and research in the fields included in aeronau- tical engineering. The students will be employed by the Company the first summer after the awards. Applications available in Aero. Eng. Office. Juniors, Seniors and Graduates: Four Frank P. Sheehan scholar- ships are available. The selection of candidates for these scholar- ships is made very largely on the basis of scholastic standing. Ap- plicants should address letters to Prof. E. W. Conlon, Rm. 1501 E. Eng. Bldg. giving a brief state- ment of their qualifications and experience they may have had. A statement should also be made about their plans for further study in Aero. Eng. Any service record should be mentioned. Ap- plications will be received up to October 3. Lectures Season Tickets 1947-48 Lecture Course may now be purchased at Hill Auditorium box office. Seven distinguished numbers will be pre- sented this season, the complete course being as follows: Oct. 23, Walter Duranty and H. R. Knick- erbocker, debate, "Can Russia Be Part of One World?"; Nov. 3, Jacques Cartier, "Theatre Caval- cade"; Nov. 20, Rear-Admiral Richard E. Byrd, "Discovery," with motion pictures; Nov. 25, Miss Jane Cowl, "An Actress Meets her Audience"; Jan. 13, Julien Bryan, "Russia Revisited," with motion pictures; Jan. 22, John Mason Brown, "Broadway in Review"; Feb. 10, Hon. Arthur Bliss Lane, "Our Foreign Policy, Right or Wrong?" Tickets for the complete course are priced at $6.60, $5.40 and $4.20. Box office hours are from 10-1, 2-5 daily ex- cept Saturday afternoon and Sun- day. Freshman Health Lectures for Men: It is a University require- ment that all entering freshmen take a series of lectures on Per- sonal and Community Health and to pass an examination on the content of these lectures. Trans- fer students with freshman standing are also required to take the course unless they have had a similar course elsewhere. Upperclassmen who were here as freshmen and who did not ful- fill the requirements are request- ed to do so this term. These lectures are also required of veterans with freshman stand- ing. The lectures will be given in the Natural Science Auditorium at 4:00, 5:00 and 7:30 p.m. as per You may attend at any of the above hours. Enrollment will take place at the first lecture. Please note that attendance is required and roll will be taken. Academic Notices Doctoral Examination for Wil- liam Elliott Humphrey, Geology; thesis: "Geology of the Cierra do los Muertos Area, Coahuila, Mex- ico, and Aptian Cephalopods from the La Pena Formation," Thurs., Sept. 25, 4065 Natural Science Bldg., 3 p.m. Chairman, L. B. Kel- lum. Biological Chemistry Seminar: Fri., Sept. 26, 4 p.m., 319 W. Medi- cal Bldg. Dr. Raymond L. Garner will discuss the recent Conference on the Medicinal and Experimen- tal Uses of Isotopes which was held at Madison early in Septem- ber. All interested are invited, English 31, Section 16 (Savage), will meet M W F at 1 p.m. in 2235 A.H. English 183. Meet Wednesday as scheduled, in 2231 AH. Reading lists may be obtained before that time in my office, 2216 AH. R. C. Boys. English 211g, Proseminar in American Literature, will meet Wednesdays, 4-6, Rm. 3217 A.H. History 323: Class will Wednesday (tonight) 7:30, Clements Library. meet on evening, I'D RATHER BE RIGHT: Treaty without War By SAMUEL GRAFTON THE U.N. has, for the moment, ceased to be an agency and has become an arena. It is a place of confrontation, a field out- side the town, at dawn. It is an appalling thing to have to say, but the world might have been a little more at ease last week if the meeting of the General Assembly had not taken place, if it had been, postponed because the roof leaked, or the planes did not arrive. If there had been no meeting we would have been spared much inconclusive storming, and gloom. For the U.N. no longer comes together for a specific pur- pose; it merely comes together. It is not always a happy thought to bring two parties known to be in anger into the same room. Often the most constructive thing to do is to keep them from meet- ing until circumstances change. The fac tthak the memher natinns have n sky's had very little to do with each other. Each side does a sporting stalk of the other at these meetings, in an atmos- phere indeed much like that of a grim sporting contest. The points put forth are not expected to be accepted; they are expected to be rejected. Marshall knows Russia will not abandon the veto; Vishin- sky knows we are not going to curb our freedom of speech to put down "war- mongers," a term he would certainly apply to all critics of Russia. And the U.N. can be restored to its origi- nal function only by a peace treaty between Russia and the United States. It is true there has been no war between these na- tions. But it would be very civilized to have a peace treaty without the war. Mathematics Seminars: There will be a meeting of those inter- ested in seminars in mathematics Thursday, Sept. 25, 4 p.m., 3201 Angell Hall, at which the subjects for seminars will be selected and the hours arranged. Medical Aptitude Examination. All applicants for admission to Medical Schools, who wish to be admitted during 1948, must take the Medical Aptitude Examina- tion on Sat., Oct. 25, 1947 or Mon., Feb. 2, 1948. The examination will not be given on any other day. In order to be admitted to the October 25th examination, can- didates must fulfill the following requirements: 1. Candidates must register for the October 25th examination on or before Thurs., Sept. 25, 1947, Rm. 110, Rackham Bldg. Sept. 25 will be the last day for registra- tion for the October 25th exami- nation. 2. Candidates must bring to the examination a check or money order for five dollars payable to the Graduate Record Office. No candidate will be admitted to the examination unless he pays fee in this way. Cash will not be ac- cepted. Candidates who register will be- gin the examination at 8:45 a.m. on Oct. 25, 1947, in the Lecture Hall of the Horace H. Rackham Sc.hool of fGraduairte Studies. The the following schedule: Lecture No. Day 3 Wed. 4 Thurs. 5 Mon. 6 Tues. 7 (Final Exam) Wed. Date Sept. 24 Sept. 25 Sept. 29 Sept. 30 Oct. 1 BARNABY... IfUnin learnina of the unorovoked attack on r Our sovereign nation of Sylvania is '1 ! A coif note! To the U. S. Government no I