DEMOCRACY ON TRIAL See Page 4 Y Latest Deadline in the State 40v 'AL AL , ilk AK t IV SHOWERS, COOLER VOL. LVII, No. 156 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 13, 1947 PRICE FIVE CENTS RobertLovett Is Appointed To State Post Will Take Place Of Dean Acheson By 'The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 12-Pres- ident Truman appointed Robert A. Lovett undersecretary of state to- day to succeed the veteran Dean l~chcson amid indications that other changes among top diplo- matic officials are in the making. Lovett, wealthy New York bank- er who served in wartime as as- sistant secretary of war for air, will take over the No. 2 state de- partment post on July 1 if the Senate confirms his nomination as expected. The resignation of Acheson, 54, after six years' service as under- secretary and assistant secretary, was announced today. He has long been anxious to give up his $12,000 a year government post and re- turn to private law practice for personal financial reasons. Truman's Letter The White House, in announc- ing the change, made public a let- ter in which Mr. Truman wrote Acheson of his "great regret" and "I cannot ask you again to put aside your desire to return to pri- vate life." Other changes in prospect, which will confront Secretary Marshall with the problem of al- tering the lineup of his principle aides, include the transfer to for- eign posts of H. Freeman Math- thews, director of European af- fairs, and John Cainter Vincent of the Far Eastern Affairs office. Both are career officers whose consecutive service in the state department is limited by law to a maximum of four years. Their current tour of duty is scheduled to end in August. Diplomatic Changes Assistant Secretary Spruille Braden, who heads up all Ameri- can republic affairs, has figured also in speculation on diplomatic changes. He declined comment to- day on published reports that he plans to resign soon. Diplomatic authorities expressed the view that Braden will not quit his post without the departure also of George S. Messersmith, ambassador to Argentina with whom he has had differences over b U. S. policy toward the Perow re- gimne. Otherwise they said Brad- en's resignation woulld be inter- preted as a policy decision. Union Officers, NSO Dele gates Th) Be(~ hosen Delegates to the National Stu- dent Organization's Constitution- al Convention and six Union vice- presidents will be chosen in cam- pus elections tomorrow. Three delegates and three al- ternate-delegates will be selected from ten candidates under the Hare Proportional Representation voting system, while the Union vice-presidents will be elected on a straight ballot by men students only. Four campus polls will be open from 8:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. to- morrow. Identification cards will be required for the voting. Students chosen to attend the convention will join three mem- bers of the Student Legislature as the official University of Michi- gan delegation. The three alter- nate-delegates and three addi- tional members of the legislature will attend the convention as non- voting, non-speaking observers and will replace a delegate in the event of his absence. Candidates for the Union elec- tion should submit petitions and fifty-word statements of qualifi- cations at the Union's student of- fices between 3 and 5 p.m. today. The statements will be printed in The Daily tomorrow. No campaigning will be permit- ted within fifty feet of a ballot box and no posters or sandwich boards will permitted on the cam- pus block bounded by North, East and South University and South State Streets. The distribution of campaign literature on this block is punish- able by disqualification. Slander- ous or libelous statements are also fnrhid. rn Unrestricted Palestine Inquiry Approved By UN Committee; South' Court Backs IK Rail Cut ins Freight Rate Fight I Order, 7to2 KAISER-FRAZER VISITORS-Nineteen of the University of Michigan students who visited the Wil- low Run plant of Kaiser-Frazer Corporation last week for a plant tour. Left to right (front row) are George Ingber, Ann Arbor auto dealer, Adil Belgin, Nerettin Arslanzivay, Nehmet Unver, Seyfi Sivaci, Muzaffer Turhan, Aydin Sen and Muzaffer Kebabcioglu; second row, Galip Demirag, A.S. Koksal, Munir Artun, Zaven Dolik, A. N. Buyum, E. S. Turan, M. R. Server Tek and A. Tanrior; third row, Feyyaz Berker, Gladys Swift, Mrs. Necat K. Arnas and daughter, T. L. Phibbs, Nese Deris and Mrs. M. A. Belgin. I Northeastern States To Increase Prices Village Council Votes Support Of New Head Agrees To Drop Issue Without Comment The Willow Run Council, hold- ing its first general meeting last night, gave a vote of confidence to its present president, William Stright, and agreed to "close with- out comment" the issue brought up last week by charges that' Stright had exceeded his author- ity in handling Council elections. A report last Wednesday by several members of the now de- funct Village government plan- ning committee had alleged that Stright had by-passed the group in setting up machinery for the Council election, handling candi- dates' petitions and counting bal- lots. Stright had maintained that such a charge was a cover-up for the group's apathy and that he was compelled to take over many of the group's duties if a Council was to. be formed. Stright declared at the meeting that he would be compell'd to bow out of the Village and Vil- lage affairs at the end of tUm; month. He added that this action was necessary because he was a possible "disturbing element" who might be looked upon as a target of attack from those who woul u n d e r m i n e the non-partisan Council, particularly "Communist party msembers in the Village." He did not elaborate further on this matter. Also. discussed at the meeting were the by-laws, drwn upmby a three-man comiit teevvh li wili be presented to the Council for discussion next week. MenAdvisfors Still uy 'St'1in Men intereste'disserving as orientation advisors iduring reg is- tration next fall have until 4:30 p.m. TIursday to register at the academic counselor's office, Rm. 107 Mason Hall, John Quimby, chairman of men's oriervtation, an- nounced yesterday. Orientation advisors will work from September 14 to 20, hie said pointing out that all advisors will receive free lunches and dinners at the Union during this period, and also will have an excellent op- portunity to iregister early. There are openings for advisors from all schools, Quimby added, but men are particularly needed to represent the literary college, music school, architecture school, and pharmacology college. ,,.* * *; * .OU. 1lR EFE1ar ,TOUR 23 Turkish Students Inspect A Modern American Factory By HARRIETT FRIEDMAN As Necat K. Arnas, president of the University Turkish Society, tells the story, it all began when he bought a Kaiser-Frasier car in Ann Arbor recently. George Ingber, local dealer for the Kaiser-Frazier Corporation, suggested that Arnas, and the members of the Turkish Society, take a tour of the Willow Run plant of the corporation. With high hopes that "we all would receive automobiles as gifts," 23 members of the group followed up the suggestion within two weeks. Good working conditions and the modern equipment, especially the conveyor system, impressed members of the society, most of whom are engineering students. But the biggest hit was made by an auto-train with loudspeaker service which was provided as transportation on the tour. The motor-drawn chain of cars "saved a lot of wear on our feet," Arnas said. Arnas' 16 months old daughter, Ferial, probably enjoyed the trip more than any of the others, Arnas said. Ferial, who has a vocabulary of 25 English, and 10 Turkish, words, responded to the waves of the workers with well spaced Other visits "We appreciat ed he opportunity of visiting a modern American plan very much," Arnas said, add- ing that as a result of the trip, the society is planning visits to other plants and facories. Arnas came to the United States as Part of a group sent by the Turkish army and navy; lie holds the rank of Lt. ,jg in the navy. He chosc t 1is itniversit y because he is spec ia living in elet ric(al engi- neeriag. Ielativity 'lT'Iuory Arnas will reicieie bis BllS iin ,tine, "if I bass economiics," and wil work on his master's next year. During the summer term, he will work as an assistant in mathematics to Louis A. Hopkins, devoting most of his time to Ein- stein's relativity theory of the in- ternal structure of stars. American Wives After completing his studies here, Arnas will return to Turkey to "use my training for the bene- fit of my country." Although Ar- nas believes that many American customs can be introduced profit- ably into Turkey, he isn't quite sure about the wisdom of import- ing American wives. Different Customs "There are so many differences in customs; language, habits, and even cooking, unimportant as itl may seen-that for the happiness of both people, I would not sug- gest these marriages." Choral Union Term Tickets Will Be Sold' Mail orders for next year's Choral Union concert series, as well as for the extra series of five concerts, are now being accepted by the University Musical Society. Orders will be filled in order, and tickets mailed out about the middle of September, Dr. Charles Sink, president of the Society, said. Participating in the regular Choral Union Series next season will be : Zinka Milanov, Oct. 8; Chicago Symphony, Oct. 26; Dan- iel Ericourt, Nov. 4; Set Svan- holm, Nov. 14; Westminster Choir, Nov. 24; Boston Symphony, Dec. 8; Myra Hess, Jan. 10; Detroit Symphony, Feb. 23; Georges En- esco, March 2; and Cincinnati Symphony, Mar. 18. The extra concert series will, feature Patrice Munsel, Oct. 18; Cleveland Orchestra, Nov. 9, Don Ccssack Chorus, Dec. 2; Minneap- olis Symphony, Feb. 16; and Alex- ander Brailowsky, Mar. 10. Scheduled also for next seasonj will be two performances of Han- del's "Messiah," Dec. 13 and 14. Fr;nces Yeend, soprano; Mary Van Kird, contralto; Harold Haugh, tenor: Mark Love, bass; the University Choral Union and a special symphony orchestra will present the work. Concentration T}lks Continu English, Matinia tics Conferences Today The English and mathematics departments will sponsor concen- tration advisement meetings at 4:15 p.m. today. The English conference will be held in Rm. 231, Angell Hall and the mathematics meeting in Rm. 3017, Angell Hall. The conferences are the ninth and tenth of a two-week series of meetings designed to assist sopho- mores and freshmen in the literary college in choosing a field of con- centration. Speakers at the English confer- ence will be Prof. L. I. Bredvold, chairman; Prof. Karl Litzenberg, who will discuss English as a fielc of concentration; and Prof. C. D, Thorpe, who will speak on profes- sional opportunities for Englisl; majors. Speakers at the mathematics conference include Prof: T. H. Hil- debrant, who will discuss mathe- matics as a fieil of cne'ntration- By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 12-The South won a fight for lower rail freight rates today in the Supreme Court. A 7-2 decision upheld an Inter- state Commerce Commission or- der for a 10 per cent increase in certain rates in the Northeast- roughly including the area north of the Potomac and Ohio rivers and east of the Mississippi, Pus most of the Virginia-and a 10 percent decrease in the South and Western areas between the Mis- sissippi and the Rocky Mountains. Southern industrialists and political leaders, notably for- mer Gov. Ellis Arnall of Geor- gia, had led the battle for the lower rates to aid Southern in- dustry, contending their sec- tion and the West were dis- criminated against. Officials of northeastern states and 33 railroads had attacked the proposed rate change as arbitrary, unsupported by facts and a re- versal of long-distance practice. The opponents of the rate change now have 25 days to seek a rehearing from the court. If it is denied, the ICC can order the new rates into effect. It made its finding in May, 1945. They involve the so-called "class rates," applying to the various classes of manufactured products such as clothing, These constitute about four per cent of all rail traffic and yield about six pe reent of the rail- road's freight revenue. The or- der does not apply to "commod- ity rates" covering raw mate- rials such as coal, or to "excep- tion rates" covering certain oth- er items. The court majority, with Jus- tice Douglas as spokesman, gen- erally backed up the ICC findings that the old rates put manufac- turers outside the "official" rate territory at a competitive disad- vantage and have been a factor in holding the South and West back in economic development. Phone Peace Not Complete Key Spots In LDispute ContinueNegotiations WASHINGTON, May 12 --(I/--- Additional local strike settlements spelled a partial return to peace in the telephoneidustry tonight but in several key spots the 36- day-old dispute found negotia- tions still snarled. The Western Electric Employes Association appealed to the gov- ernment to step into its deadlock with the Western Electric Co. Henry Mayer, union attorney, said that "the workers want to get back on the job." Assistant Secretary of Labor John W. Gibson conferred all af- ternoon with Western Electric representatives after the company rejected a union proposal to ar- bitrate all issues. The Michigan Bell Telephone Co. today turned down another union proposal that would have provided $3 to $5 weekly increases for most of the company's 13,000 traffic and accounting employes. CARS TO SWEDEN-The Erland, first Swedish ship to arrive at a Michigan port this season, ties up at Detroit to take on a cargo of automobiles and other products for overseas shipment. PROGRAM FOR PEACE: Groups Will Meet Wallace BeforeTalk Here Thursday Representatives of six campus and city organizations will meet former vice-president Henry A. Wallace upon his arrival here Thursday morning for a speech at noon in Hill Auditorium. The organizations include the campus chapter of American Vet- erans' Committee, Inter-Racial As- sociation, Sigma Delta Chi, jour- nalism fraternity, Americans for Democratic Action, Student Re- ligious Association and the Ann, Arbor chapter of Progressive Citi- zens of America. Will Discuss Trip Wallace, now editor of the New Republic, will speak on his pro- gram for world peace and his re- cent trip to Europe, with the em- phasis on constructive criticism, according to his advance press re- leases. Before speaking in Hill Audi- torium, Wallace will discuss the American press with six members of Sigma Delta Chi, Walter R. Murphy, fraternity president, said yesterday. Press Conference Professional standards, the re- port of the Committee on Free- dom of the Press and the status of American newspapers compared to Liquor Law To Hit Minors LANSING, May 12- 0) -- Legislation making m i n o r s equally guilty in the eyes of the law for obtaining liquor by fraudulent means was signed into law by Governor Sigler to- day. It prescribes midemeanor penalties for a minor to falsely represent himself by documen- tary evidcene to be of age to purchase alcoholic beverages. Heretofore, the person selling liquor to a minor has been pen- alized, whether the minor of- fered documentary proof of age or not. foreign papers will be discussed, Murphy said. Later Wallace will be a guest at a lunch to be held at the home of Prof. Theodore ,M. Newcomb, of the sociology department. In the afternoon, Wallace will hold a press conference in the Student Publication Building be- fore leaving for a speech Thurs- day night in Detroit. Speaker Hits British Pohly Lowenthal Foresees Jewish Homeland Marvin Lowenthal, Jewish writer, blasted British intrigue ir the Near East in a talk here yes- terday expressing his belief that despite all obstacles Palestine wile eventually be a Jewish land. A historian and foreign corres- pondent recently from Palestine Lowenthal gave his address under the sponsorship of four local Jew- ish groups. He said that although he had nc concrete evidence to substantiate his conviction, he was "completelr convinced that the Jews are no going to succumb but will con- tinue to bring in additional immi- grants and build up thetcountry.' He compared his faith to that o the American people in the crisi* year of 1932 when the prevailing feeling was that somehow the na. tion would be able to bounce bacl and build a greater and more last. ing prosperity for all. Lowenthal declared that only r small portion of the populatior sympathized with the Irgun anc the Sternists, the "so-called ter- rorist organizations" and tha' these groups were "playing th same game as the British thougli on different sides." He said that the main complain' of the Jewish people against these groups was that their action were undertaken wtih out evei considering the welfare of the community as a whole. Independence Plan Will Not Be Demanded Majority Backs U.S., Britainoninstructions By The Associated Press LAKE SUCCESS, N. Y., May 12 -The United Nations Assembly's political committee tentatively approved late today a clear field for the special UN inquiry group which will search this summer for a solution of the Palestine issue. By a vote of 29 to 14, with 10 abstentions and two absences, the committee tossed out six pro-)i posals relating specifically to Pal- estine independence. The majority thus agreed with the United States and British contention that the special In- quiry committee should not be restricted by any specific man- date from the assembly. Many delegates felt that in- dependence was one of the issues involved in a study of the sub- ject and that the committee should be ordered only to In- vestigate all questions and Is- sues bearing on the problem of Palestine. The delegates had wrangled on the points involved since the com- mittee first met last week. The vote not to include any of them in the orders for the investi- gating group was generally hailed as a major accomplishment of the Assembly. Russia, which has proposed that the special committee come up with a proposal on the ques- tion of establishing without de- lay the independent democratic state of Palestine, voted againit a French catch-all proposal to throw out all six ideas. The United State, China, France, and Britain voted for it. The Arab states opposed the French motion. Russia will have another chance tomorrow but the most contro- versial point of the instructions 'or the investigating committee vas disposed of this afternoon. The delegates, wearied by days Lnd days of debate and discus- 'ion often involving language vhich some of them acknowledged hey could not understand, heard Jew and Arab organizations clash n their final appearances. The Jewish agency maintained its plea for substantial immi- gration to Palestine and for a separate Palestine state; the Arab higher committee served notice that the Arabs would re- sist all Jewish immigration and all attempts to set up a Jewish state. The Arab countries in the UN urthermore told the United Na- ions that a democratic, indepen- lent statepis the only solution they vill accept. They also implied that they night refuse to cooperate With he proposed commission of in- luiry unless that commission was nstructed by the General Assem- >ly to include a proposal for in- lependence as one of the solutions. Local Groups To Hold Rally The American Veterans Com- nittee campus chapter and the knn Arbor chapter of Progressive citizens of America will sponsor i parade and public rally begin- iing at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow. Purpose of the rally, as defined 'y the sponsors, is to call public attention to some of the major issues confronting the United States today. Speakers on the programs are scheduled to discuss the labor bills before Congress and the state leg- islatures, problems of the farmer, svilliberties, and minority prob- lems. Rev. John Miles, of The Peoples [nstitute of Applied Religion, De- roit; Rev. Robert Rumer of the World News at a Glance By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 12 - Senator Hatch (Dem.-N.M.) expressed belief today that President Truman would veto the pending labor disputes bill, as the Republican leadership won agreement for a final Senate vote tomorrow. * * , , PANAMA CITY, Panama, May 12 - Army troops were mobil- ized throughout Colombia tonight to prevent disorders during the nation-wide 24-hour general strike scheduled to begin at 1 a.m. tomorrow, radio broadcasts from Colombia said. * * * NOW IS THE TIME: Nationalize Coal Industry MINNEAPOLIS, May 12-(IP)- Henry A. Wallace said tonight that "The time has come to national- ize the coal industry under some tvnx of nal nthority." Wallace our domestic economic problem by punishing our free labor move- ment," and posed the question "should, (Senator) Joe Ball (Rep.. of Minnesota and the New Re- public, of which he is editor, Wal- lace said that in the 20's he told farmers they were "entitled to -,-. 1 a 1 nar, n a nn( miPc iva1 -