U. S. POLICY
IN GERMANY
See Page 4
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LIGHT SHOWERS
AND COOLER
VOL. LVI, No. 94 ANN ABOR)I( 1AN, FIUIAXY, MARCH 22, 194
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GM States
Coneern Over
Closed Plants
CIO Says 'Every
Effort' Being Made
By The Associated Pressj
DETROIT, March 21-General Mo-
tors Corporation today expressed1
concern over a delay in reopening of
its strike-bound plants and was told
by the IO United Auto Workers that
the Union "is making every effort" to
solve local issues holding up resump-
tion of full production at GM plants.
GM's statement, issued on the 121st1
day of idleness on its huge automo-i
tive assembly lines, declared the com-
pany was "much concerned that set-1
tlement of the strike in our plants
may now be delayed for an indefinite1
period of time by the action of cer-
tain of your local unions."
Working On Local Issues
The UAW replied, "The Interna-
tional Union is carrying out its com-
mitments under the strike settlement
act in good faith and with the ut-
most dispatch. We are making every
effort to work out a solution to local
issues."
The company called on the Inter-
national UAW officers to expedite a
return of all 175,000 striking GM
workers to plants from which they
walked out Nov. 21.
GM Repeats Refusal;
GM charged that in seven of its
plants, Union leaders have "refused
to permit maintenance and construc-
tion workers into the plants for the
purpose of making ready for the
eventual resumption of production."
The Corporation repeated its re-
fusal to accept a UAW declarationi
that, while the national provisions of
the strike settlement had been accept-
ed, certain local unions would remain1
on strike pending settlement of their
local grievances.-
"Neither General Motors nor the
International Union should avoid or1
sidestep their responsibilities by per-1
mitting the present situation to con-1
tinue and allowing the settlement of
the national strike to rest solely upon
a local issue which might very well be,
regarded by those personally as im-
portant but which shrinks into insig-
nificance when viewed as a national1
problem," GM declared.
La Guardia
Nominated as
UNRRA Head
No Vote To Be Taken
Until Late Next Week
By The Associated Press1
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., March 21
(P)-Fiorello LaGuardia, former may-;
or of New York City, today was no-
minated to be Director General of;
the United Nations Relief and Re-
habilitation Administration to lead
the United Nations drive for food for
its members.
No vote will be taken on LaGuar-;
dia's name until the end of the
UNRRA meeting, now scheduled for,
late next week, but nomination by
the central committee is considered
tantamount to election.
French delegates, meanwhile, de-
clined to comment on a war shipping
administration report that American
ships sent to Odessa to pick up Rus-
sian wheat for France were turned.
back empty. WSA in Washington
said their representatives were told
no wheat was available for loading.
To date, wheat has been supplied
UNRRA and other nations from
stocks of the United States, Canada,
Australia and Brazil, through alloca-
tions made by the combined food
board, which includes the United
States, United Kingdom and Canada.
In earlier sessions nations which
now cannot pay for their imports of
food-such as Poland, Yugoslavia,
and China-have objected to the
fact that non-paying nations are
getting shorter food supplies from
the CFB than the nations which can
pay.
Fajans Disputes
Glass Defense
Commenting on the possible use of
glass as a protection against the
atomic bomb, Prof. Kasimir Fajans of
the chemistry department yesterday
declared that "there is very little hope
of applying it practically."
Possibilities of glass shelters as a
defense against post-bombing radia-
tions had been suggested by Prof.
I
Local A VC Condemns I T
Russia ails ToDelay O Action
Atom Bill Amendment
afro wim ' is/ a S r i afe aim a s V i V® i i' V s i >
The Ann Arbor American Veterans
Committee last night endorsed a re-
solution condemning the Vanden-
berg amendment to the McMahon
Bill for the control of atomic energy.
In strongly-worded telegrams to
Senators McMahon, Vandenberg,
Barkley and Hill, and Representa-
tive Michener, the AVC expressed
fear that the control of atomic ener-
gy and research would be thrown
back to the military and strongly
urged the passage of the original
McMahon Bill.
Criticizes Army-Imposed Secrecy
An AVC committee report charged
that Army-imposed secrecy has held
up the development of "Carbon 14"
which they called "the most hope-
ful avenue of cancer research yet de-
veloped". Hundreds of laboratories
throughout the country have been
Stowe Declares
Atomic Energy
Key to Future
Maladjustment of Issue
May Lead to Disaster
Taking the stump for international
control of all atomic weapons, Leland
Stowe, noted war correspondent and
twice winner of the Pulitzer Prize, de-
clared yesterday in the concluding
lecture of the current Oratorical As-
sociation Series at Hill Auditorium
that "failure to work out an adequate
control for this type of weapon in the
next three to five years will lead to
man's own destruction of himself in
a third World War 20 or 25 years off."
Stowe classified the current prob-
lem of difficulties with Russia as
strictly second-class when he warned
that the real key to world peace is in
the abolishment of this newest crea-
tion of man to destroy, the atomic
bomb.
No Russian War
"War with Russia at present, Stowe
declared, "is neither necessary or in-
evitable. There has been much too
much of this war scare talk in the
past few weeks; I fear no war with
Russia."
"We must, however, realize," this
globe trotter emphasized, "that we do
have a real, stiff difficulty in her di-
rection that the present state of af-
fairs are not entirely to Russia's
blame.
Too Much Criticism
We all seem to know what Russia's
obligations and faults are, but few of
us appreciate what our own responsi-
bilities have been in creating the pres-
ent impass."
The best solution to the present
misunderstanding, Stowe believes, is
for us to go to the coming UNO meet-
ing with not merely criticism for Rus-
sia, but rather concrete plans, in-
cluding concessions on the United
States' part, for settlement of the
points of conflict.
Lists Alternatives
But the real basic issue to lasting
world peace, he contends, lies in the
settlement of the atomic weapon
question, which, for over seven
months, we have bungled. The two
alternatives facing us are:
1. International control for the
abolishment of all atomic weapons.
2. A policy of national prepared-
ness against its use on us.
"We have seen the next to the last
war in the one just finished," Stowe
prophesied, "for the next, if we al-
low it to take place, will destroy so
much of our world that we will never
again return to any semblance of
normality."
denied theduse of this aid accordin
to Edward Tumin, a commrit(t v
speaker.
Tumin quoted Brig. General Her-
bert C. Holdrige (retired) as saying,
"I have it on the authority of the
scientists engaged that there is not
one officer in the U.S. Army quali-
fied to administer intelligently a pro-
gram of peace-time development of
the atom."
AVC further warned that enact-
ment of the McMahon Bill with the
Vandenberg amendment attached
would be a "clear declaration to the
world that the people of the United
States put their faith in military
might". The issue of whether atomic
energy and its development is to be
dominated by military or civilian
thinking is now squarely before thel
American people, they said.
At the meeting Ray Ginger andr
Suzanne La Driere were elected as I
delegate and alternate to the AVC
Michigan Area Council, and by-laws4
of this Council were amended and
ratified.
Condemns Fascist Spain
A resolution condemning Fac :t"
Spain and urging withdrawal of re-
cognition by thesUnited States go-
vernment was passed and petitions
urging the passage of HR 31l, the
Coffee Bill, were signed.
On Iran Dispute; Soviet Official
N ewspaper Urges Policy Changes
A ided Nuzis
,>y I Iin A c i:Etted Press
MOS:OW, March 21--The official
goverimnjeiit newspaper Izvestia de-
clared tOy WHe time was ripe for
changes in lie internal and foreign
policies of Iran.
The ewspaper accused "Iranian
government circles" and "ruling
classes" of aiding and defending Na-
zi underground activities in Iran
duing t he war and concluded:
"I, is pereetly obvious that a
'itiiiuance of the policy of reac-
tiund ,; s s: lesin Iran umay lead to
.). fuc'EI+'' l ivrsa lwnirig of (het situa-
lionJ~ iii H let (untry.''
Thie! i( ;i J i ,I; t id there was a
Jack of i ii i 1al and :social reforms,
and jc!nd iran had failed to set-
tle (le stins of national minor-
itits, agrai relormi and new ha-
boi' law.
Ii a ;, tl darticle on Ilan, Izvestia
dlated iihat cause of the wide-
:pread activiy of a Nazi fifth col-
o lii eki to set up a Quisling
,ov(,inlwit in Iran, the Russians
sen their troops into the country
Truman Says Security Council
Will Meet Monday as Scheduled
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, March 21-Russia lost the first round in her fight to
delay United Nations action on her dispute with Iran.
President Truman declared that the Security Council would meet in
New York next Monday as scheduled despite a Russian request for postpone-
ment, until April 10. It would take a unanimous vote of the 11 council mem-
bers to postpone the session.
Drive Ott To Stay
Army's Control
WASHINGTON, March 21-UP-
An organized drive began on Capitol
Hill today to restrict military control
of atomic energy development.
Several Congressmen and Repre-
sentatives of about 25 national or-
ganizations teamed up in the effort.
Sponsors of the conference in the
House caucus room said that unless
their goal is achieved, atomic research
will make little headway in the United
States.
At the same time, Secretary of War
Patterson placed new emphasis on a
War Department policy "of pursuing
a vigorous and comprehensive tech-
nological program to assure security
beyond any question of doubt."
Dr. Thorfin Hogness of the Ui-
versity of Chicago Nuclear Institut,
asserted that "if the military gets
permanent control there will be an
exodus of scientists and a lack of in-
terest among beginners."
Chairman McMahon (D-Conn) of
the Senate atomic energy committee
added that "most scientists have
practically walked off the projects and
the only reason some are still there is
they hope we won't allow the military
to dominate this effort."
Senator Vandenberg (R-Mich) who
initiated the proposal for a military
board to provide a security check on{
the civilian commission, has insisted
that civilian control remain intat
and that the military has no vote, no
veto and no affirmative power."
All-Nations Club
Elects New Officers
Members of the executive commit-
tee and officers of the All-Nations
Club were elected at a meeting yes-
terday at the International Center.
Those chosen for the executive
committee are Zorac Organschi,
Oh Aug.
lore (lie
'[his
of the
giving
troops
25, 1941, several months be-
:ata signing of the British-
Iran:ia treaty.
was done under a provision
1921 Soviet-Iranian Treaty
Russia the right to move
into the country "should
Tran be turnd into a war base for
military aack on the Soviet Un-
ion," Izvestia said. The British al-
so beiinmoving their soldiers into
Jrn at the same time, basing their
prese1ici "on a, formal agreement
later signed," Izvestia added.
Izvestia said Germans had so in-
iltrated Iin tihat they ruled the
ecoiimy :,iid war industry, and that
aftethe ii ~vawion of Russia, fifth col-
~nui ; tc orderia to penetrate into
tliiw ,owi ili districts of Baku, Groz-
ny and A:abad to start fires and
Ivestia said both Britain and Rus-
sia prot ested German activity inside
the country but "the Iranian govern-
ment palki no attention to these warn-,
igs andL refused to expel the Hitler-
ite atiits, thus inspiring their crimi-
Ii', a rois activities.
I
:I I 4-u/l Top Ir0 ic
4.. 1le
(,,'( Y iference
Changes in the secondary curricu-
I"n of Michigan high schools will be
(l~suscdat, a leadership training
conference sponsored by the School
of Fdcation today and tomorrow in
the Rackham Building.
More than 200 teachers and ad-
ministrators of secondary schools in
the state are expected to participate
in the conference.
SIR ALEXANDER CADOGAN,.
permanent British representative
on the UNO Security Council, tells
the press in New York, the Russo-
Iranian question is a "dispute" and
predicted it would be considered by
the council.
Drive for Funds
To Aid Crippled
ChildrenBegians
The annual drive to raise funds aid-
ing crippled children got under way
yesterday with mass distribution
through the mails of Easter seals.
Stressing the importance of this
vital work, Prof. Calvin O. Davis,
president of the Washtenaw County
Chapter of the society, pointed out
that there are more than 15,000 now
receiving care with an expected re-
port of 2,500 new cases within the
next year.
The local drive includes the areas
of Washtenaw County. Last year the
residents of this county contributed
$3,400 to the campaign. The Washte-
naw County Chapter of the National
Crippled Children's Society hopes to
exceed last year's contributions.
Commenting on the use of the fund,
Prof. Davis said that the money was
expended in transporting crippled
children to and from our hospitals,
furnishing them, when needed, with
wheel chairs, crutches, braces and
recreational .aids; also in some in-
stances in providing such educa-
tional aids as tutors, school desks and
chairs, books and other supplies.
Extension Service
Enrollment Is 3,202
Enrollment in University extension
courses for the spring term has
reached a total of 3,202, the Exten-
sion Division announced yesterday.
The figure includes class enroll-
ments in courses given at the exten-
sion centers in Detroit, Grand Rapids,
Flint, Bay City, Saginaw and Ann Ar-
bor. There are 634 enrollments in
graduate courses, and of the under-
graduate enrollments, 971 are for
credit courses, and 1,597 for non-
credit work.
The United States stuck to its de
Ways To Fight
Discrimination
Are 'Discussed
IRA Members Hear
Williams, Arthurs
Unless we immediately begin to
dramatize discrimination in order to
reach the people, there will be no
brotherhood for which to fight to-
morrow, the Rev. Claude Williams
warned members of the Inter-Racial
Association yesterday.'
Mr. Williams is at present National{
Director of the People's Institute of
Applied Religions. The Rev. Ernest
W. Arthurs, state director, supple-
menting Mr. Williams' talk, proposed
to fight such discrimination by bring-
ing the democratic dynamics of re-
ligion to the masses through groups
of young evangelists. Reactionaries,
he declared, recognize the fact that
94 per cent of the people believe in
God and are open to religion; liber-
als must also apply that knowledge.
People United Through Suffering
"The progressive dynamics of the
world is with peoples of the world who
are drawn together through suffering
and through a mutual program to end
that suffering," Mr. Williams said.
People express their disillusionment
by setting up leaders from their own
ranks as exemplified in labor unions
today.
Every problem is a world problem,
Mr. Williams declared. In that case
he explained as minorities constitute
the index of progress, their problem
is of concern to all peoples. The Ne-
gro race is the largest and most con-
spicuous minority most vitally con-
nected with world dynamics. As a
consequence, reaction has crystallized
against him.
Economic Factors Determine Behavior
"The economic factor is the deter-
mining factor in group behavior," Mr.
Williams stated, pointing to the
South as the most vulnerable and
strategic stronghold in the United
States.
Enlarging upon Mr. Williams' belief
that one can not fight discrimination
with the "silent treatment," Mr. Ar-
thurs discussed the failure of the
churches to become an organ of the
people. Labor unions are more re-
ligious than the churches, Mr. Ar-
thurs asserted, thus reiterating Mr.
Williams' statement that "we believe
in the fatherhood of God and we be-
lieve in the brotherhood of man."
Attorney General Plans
Inquiry of Racial Trouble
WASHINGTON, March 21-()-
Attorney General Tom Clark tonight
called for a Federal Grand Jury in-
vestigation of the recent racial. dis-
turbances at Columbia, Tenn., to de-
termine whether civil rights had been
violated.
cision, although Soviet Ambassador
!Andrei Gromyko declared that any
hasty action" would only complicate
he situation.
Early Consideration Asked
Iran has asked for an early airing
Af her complaint that Russia Is vio-
ating a written agreement by keeping
roops on her soil and that Russian
gents are interfering in Iranian af-
airs.
Since American officials are deter-
nined on immediate action by the
ouncil they have been concerned lest
the Iranian government under Rus-
ian pressure yield to the Soviet ar-
guments for delay and cut the ground
ut from under the American position.
Confers With State Department
However, Gohlen Abbas Aram, first
secretary of the Canian Embassy,
onferred with State Department of-
fcials today and assured them that
ran's first view stands. The Iranian
etter taking the case to the Security
Council calls for prompt action.
How much pressure is on the gov-
ernment at Tehran at the moment is
a matter of considerable mystery, say
officials who are following the situ-
ation closely. A new Soviet ambassa-
dor, Ivan Sadchikov, has just arrived
in the Iranian capitol.
Some authorities here say they have
reason to believe that he has very
strong instructions to try to save the
situation. For that reason there is
doubt now that Russia will go through
with her threat of several days ago
that Iran's appeal to the Security
Council, if taken, would be consid-
ered an unfriendly act.
Six VU'Mene
Will Attend
NCAC Meetung
Six faculty and administration
members will represent the Univer-
sity at the fifty-first annual meeting
of the North Central Association of
Colleges and Secondary Schools
which will be held next week in Chi-
cago.
The association's 50th anniversary
will be celebrated at the five-day con-
vention, since war-time travel re-
strictions prevented a meeting last
year.
The University representatives will
include Director George Carrothers
and Assistant Directors Harlan C.
Koch and Edgar G. Johnston of the
Bureau of Cooperation with Educa-
tional Institutions. Dean Hayward
Keniston of the literary college, Dean
James B. Edmonson of the School of
Education and Registrar Ira M.
Smith will also attend.
Dean Edmonson will be toastmast-
er of the anniversary dinner Thurs-
day. Charles 0. Davis, professor eme-
ritus of education, will also attend
and speak at the dinner. Prof. Davis
was secretary of the association for
many years and also served as editor
of the North Central Quarterly. Prof.
Koch is the present editor.
Prof. Johnston will leave for Chi-
cago tomorow to attend meetings of
three committees on which he serves.
The other University delegates will
leave in time for the main sessions
which convene Wednesday morning.
Niles Will Present
Folk Music Concert
Presenting a program of American
folk music, John Jacob Niles, Ameri-
can folk singer, will give a concert
at 8:30 p.m. today in the Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre.
Niles will sing songs that represent
a collection of music handed down to
Americans by immigrants from Eng-
land, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland.
He accompanies himself on dulcimers
of hie -ee - -abi-
United States; Kay Butcher, Cana
dan illi~amKorraIdiucra;Ta- David Trout, dean of students at
Ataman, Turkey; and Margare tTai- Ceni ral Michigan College of Educa-
venner, United States. tion, will open the conference at 9:30
New officers are Shanker Ranga- a. today with a discussion of
nathan, India, treasurer; Frances
Hodes, recording secretary; and
Genevieve Thomas, United States,
corresponding secretary.
'HANDS OFF' POLICY:
University Remains Neutral
On Detroit Airport fuestion
The University, awaiting a deci-
sion of the Surplus Property Admin-
istration on its request for Willow
Run Airport, is following a strict
"hands off" policy in regard to De-
troit's problem of where to locate its
city air terminal.
In fact, Vice-President Robert P.
Briggs has said that "the University
is not entering the airport manage-
ment business" in acquiring the fam-
ed air base.
"Our primary objective is educa-
tional," Briggs said, "and we would
want Willow Run Airport regard-
less of whether the airlines want to
use it or not."
The eight airlines serving Detroit
longer, four-engine flights were
routed through Willow Run.
Meanwhile, the Federal govern-
ment is expected to contribute $4,-
800,000 of the $12,000,000 required to
develop the Wayne County port.
Following the airlines' surprise
move, another City Councilman said
the airlines were "bluffing" in an-
nouncing their refusal to operate
through the Wayne County teriniadt
On the same day, Samuel A.
Dean, chairman of the Detroit Me-
tropolitan Aviation Planning Author-
ity, said Willow Run Airport should
be placed under the control of a "reg-
ularly constituted authority."
He said the surplus property divi-
sion of the Army had been asked to
delay action on the University's re--
-ichiganS Philosophy of Local
Ciorriculuin Planning.'
Roland C. Faunce, of the Michigan
Depari unent of Public Instruction,
wilt lea> a discussion at 1 p.m. today
on a new bulletin of curriculum
changes published by the Depart-
ient of Public Instruction.
H+arold Alberty of Ohio State Uni-
vcrsty will discuss "Planning and
Working Together" at a general ses-
sin tonight,followed by a panel dis-
;,td by Prof. Edgar G. Johns-
to, te University School of Edu-
ct.in.
1 ports of the various discussion
groups w itbe summarized tomorrow.
Prof. Earl Kelly, of Wayne Univer-
si\ ,will close the conference.
-0 Top
(10 Job Begins
AT1.LA'NTIC CITY, N. J., March 21-
1 -A atie for the presidency of the
powerful United Auto Workers Un-
ion i C I) appeared certain tonight
as L- . J. Thomas invited Walter P.
Petit her into the race with a chal-
l i un' on in, the water's
I l .
i
t
t
5
CORWIN MAINTAINS:
Congressional Reforms Needed
In Effective UNO Participation
The necessity for congressional re-
forms in the handling of foreign af-
fairs in order to permit effective par-
ticipation by the United States in
the UNO was cited by Prof. Edward
S. Corwin of Princeton University in
the fourth William W. Cook Founda-
tion lecture yesterday.
In order to facilitate such partici-
pation, Prof. Corwin advocated two
changes.
1.) Creation of a small joint con-
gressional committee for considera-
secret diplomacy. Failure of Congress
to revise its procedures will, he said,
force the people to turn to the Presi-
dent for action. He might then move
to carry out the country's obligations
to the UNO without seeking aid or
consent of Congress, he warned.
In Prof. Corwin's opinion, such a
turn of events would be bad, since it
would eliminate five advantages
which are found when Congress is
kept in the picture in formulating for-
ean nolicy.
..