THE MICHIGAN DAILY t , MD RATHER BE RIGHT: Is Fascism Dead? By SAMUEL GRAF TON IT IS A YEAR since the end of the war in Europe and Mussolini's body has been dug up from the pauper's graveyard in Milan, by members of the "Fascist Democratic" party, who promise to parade the corpse of fascism one day in the sunlight. In Bavaria, university students tell each other that Hitler lives; and so in the one country a cadaver, in the other a ghost, be- come symbols around which some, at least, hope to concreti~e a resurgent fascism. Are these real movements, or are they absurd little flutters, death-rattles a year old? Shall we laugh or shall we worry? Shall we say that fascism is dead, and doesn't know it, or shall we say that it is reviving, and we don't know it? Small signs, perhaps; inconclusive, perhaps; but fascism is always a crank movement until it becomes a government. And in the Uni- versity of Munich an American reporter has been shocked to find an instructor, Prince Wilhelm Karl von Isenburg, still teaching a course in racial theories, which was first insti- tuted under the Nazis in 1935. Ah, but Prince Wilhelm was not a Nazi; his military ques- tionnaire shows it, and since we hunt and identify the enemy strictly by surface appear- ance and by formal signs (as if we were clas- sifying butterflies) Prince Wilhelm has, at least until this writing, been left unmolested.' Again, shall we worry, or shall we laugh it off? Is Prince Wilhelm a comic figure, or a dramatic one? AND it is very difficult to write pieces like this, for this one is, frankly, a warning; a warning uttered well in advance of any possible event, and therefore difficult to justify. But let us look at it this way: a year ago we did not know whether militaristic and reactionary figures would be allowed to teach in German univers- ities; now we know that they are. A little ques- tion has been answered, a little beachhead has been won by the other side. A year ago we were all uncertain about the future of the German right; it was doubtful about itself and we were doubtful about it; then, like a faint, slimy sheen over our occupation zone, its members began to turn up in positions of comparative authority; and now it is a solid incrustation. American reporters say casually that "Nazi sympathizers and militarists retain positions of control and authority;" Prince Wil- helm is only one blazing example of a common state of affairs, for most of the University of Munich is cast in his image. And so a kind of molecular rearrangement has taken place dur- ing our year in Germany. And of this we can legitimately be afraid; not afraid of a Prince Wilhelm for what he is in himself, but of Prince Wilhelm as a baro- metric reading, as a sign of a process and of a stage in a process. It is not his irrfpudence which is frightening, but our acquiescence in his im- pudence, and our seeming helplessness before it. Grave questions are raised; for though we sym- pathize wit.h the left, our sympathy has very little content, perhaps because of our fear of Russia; and though we oppose the right, our opposition also seems lacking in content, maybe for the same reason; and so the forces press against each other, and the molecules of popu- lation arrange themselves, and the right arises. And the right watches us. There are cer- tain crucial moments at which we could set it back; perhaps by taking a strong posi- tion against Franco, when that question comes up. But the moment passes, we do not take a strong position; and the right, every- where in the world, relaxes, smiling. nsr we could give a signal by our stand against Peron in Argentina; but he wins an election, and we smile upon him, and Colonel Peron at once begins to gather around himself a' bloc of Paraguay, and Bolivia, and perhaps of Uraguay and Brazil and Chile, aimed at us (see the right rising!) and everywhere in the world, from the chamber of a piffling little professor at Munich to the executive offices of a rightist demagogue in Latin America, the content of our position is felt, and the molecules arrange themselves. Shall we laugh or shall we fret? Is it comedy or is it drama? Drama, I think, and the third act begins just when we thought there was nothing left to do but to sweep out the theatre. (Copyright, 1946, N.Y. Post Syndicate) NIGHT EDITOR; FRANCES PAINE Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. Steps Forward TWO New England educational institutions, long known for rock-ribbed conservatism, have delivered two direct blows at bigotry and are traveling a path that so-called "liberal" schools would do well to follow. A sorority in a Vermont college pledges a Negro student, not because she is a Negro, but because she meets the social plus whatever other qualifications one must meet to pledge a sorority, and thereupon its rushing privileges are revoked for refusing to "answer letters." THE FRESHMAN CLASS at Bowdoin college has taken a much more significant but un- publicized step towards counter-acting the defin- ite racial inequality that is so pronounced on campuses throughout the country. Matthew Branche, a Negro student was elected president of its class, after having established an enviable record as student and athlete. A few weeks earlier Branche was elected to Delta Epsilon, national social fraternity. He was the first Negro elected to a class office or to a social fraternity at that ivy-league institution. A definite step forward in the fight against -4 £~elle~i to thl6blor 1. To the Editor: IN RELATION to his stand on whether Negroes should be admitted to white fraternities and sororities, I shoruld at least expect one with the presumed intellige e of Mr. Joseph Fitzgerald, president of Alpha Siguma Phi, to be consistent. He states that "I do not believe that I would desire the average Negro us a fraternity brother." Would Mr. Fjitzgerald desire the "average" white man for a I aterrity brother? The 'average' Negro to whom he alludes never gets to college and in all probability would not be a candidate for any fraternity, black or white. Neither does the "average" white man attend college. I have found nothing to irove that the "poor whites" have any more cultural background or intel- ligence than Neg-roes from the same economic level. Culture wa. >stensibly the basis of distinc- tion since Mr. t7itzg.rald hinted that there was a vague chance that Negroes of college standing might be acceptable. Since non-cultured whites are not included in the exclusion, it is clear that the discrimination is purely on the basis of race and color. Is Mr. Fitzgerald afraid to admit that he hates on the basis of race? These "average" Negroes you served with for 21 months, Mr. Fitzgerald, were good enough to fight along side and to help save your hide, but they are not good enough to enjoy the same social privileges as you back home. Would you have shared the fox-hole of one of these "average" Negroes? JF YOU have not guessed it by now, I am a Negro. Perhaps you'll never know what it is being forced to live a dual existence; not be- ing able to act naturally and spontaneously in situations where whites are concerned; always having to remember that in my own group I do as I please and act like a human being; in a mixed group I must conform to certain false standards which make me little better than a dog. I, too, have learned to hate, perhaps more so than you, but my conscience is clear. I have reasons. How long will you and the millions of others like you continue to keep this rotten, de- grading, irrational system alive? Who knows, perhaps your own hatred will destroy you! --Carroll Little t citly u dinit the existence of rules, national or local, prolibitinf pledging of Negroes and Jews;. Of the ,( chapter presidents who stated their opi)oSition to segregation of minority groups, NONE. was aie to di; more than make a state- Ient. NONE could 1rove that a more liberal policy was now being followed in his house. I culd spend time here stating further reasons for the abotliion of all Greek-letter houses in a Stat e-sipporti chI 5()l sich as this where mem- bers of all nauionl ,IrIli ious and racial groups come to learn. Or I could spend some time on semantics: asking whether these organizatiocna realize that dark-skinned peoiile from India are "Cau- casians" and that people who practice diserim- ination of any kind can not be defined as itI i chi- irslead to take it-ne to indicate that cooperative houses on campus have, since their inception in 1932, consistently re- fused to place any bars on membership. The result has not been catastrophic. On the contrary, residents of co-op houses have learned to practice what has long been preached in soc., poli sci, psych courses. They now do what they used to merely say they believed in. Now is a good time to make non-discrimination the practice of all student residences at the U of M. --Ann Fagan Ginger finsigh I Pr(Iis(-'d T-o the Editor: (N THE CAMPUS, students should have an opportunity to express their views through the press. The letters to the editor of The Daily is one very gcod way. But, until very recently, it has been the only way. Every other alert campus has a serious magazine for the encour- agement of literary talent and thought in gen- eral. Why is it that the U. of M. has so long been delinquent in this matter? Is it that the war has left us with the desire for a maximum of gaiety and a minimum of serious thought? Implying no objection to the Gargoyle, without which our more primitive selves would be lost, the complaint concerns mainly the "devil may care" attitude of many students on campus evident in the unusual absence of a serious mag- azine. It is a shameful situation on a campus of this size and importance. Now the situation is improving with the stu- dents' late effort to publish a magazine of "stu- dent concern," that is a serious student publi- cation through which campus opinion can be express;,d and formulated. The first issue of the magazine "Insight" came out in March. Its first issue sold 500 copies, a surprisingly good number considering that it is not yet well known or appreciated. Therefore, encouraged to continue the project, the students have sent the second issue to the printers, and it will be out next week. Most of the articles have been witten by students. We must not ignore this publication. Its po- tentialities are unlimited. As future citizens, we must realize that every freedom means a cor- responding responsibility. It is our responsibility to see that freedom of the press, on the campus and in our country, is given the best and most constructive use. -Barbara Jean White Dominie Says ONE of the most difficult issues be- fore the leaders in every nation is that of education and religion. More specifically, the question is how Shall the search for values which must un through all life be pursued in home, church, community, state and nation? Though religion at its best is a binding back to origins, a wor- shipping of the Deity, yet the insti- tutional expression of religion is a divider of men. In India, it is Islam set in opposition to the Hindu people which sets the stage. Many will argue that the Christian English advance the division for purposes which do not serve Christianity. In China, while right to the land on the part of those who cultivate it and forms of social- ization are what we hear about, one party insists upon doing away with the Confucian family system while the other defends Confucianism as vital to China and her future. It is religion which divides them. In Spain, while religion is not directly involved, the Republicans repudiate the Church while the Franco regime has its bless- ing. In the United Nations, though religion as such is never in the debate nor Communism mentioned, we are bogged down by the fear of an eco- nomic order which makes its theory of life a reality in its national econ- omy. On this point the USSR may well defend itself by pointing out its vital thoroughness as a deeply sincere demonstration. On the other hand the opponent of Communism, will in- sist that his Christianity makes him a Capitalist. Here, then, religion ac- tually is involved. The quickest way to get directly at the issue is to ask how can re- ligion be successfully taught to all of the children in your home com- munity? To answer that question, England has completely overhauled its educational system and appro- priated funds for the teaching of religion in all schools both private and public. To meet this issue, Russia has brought about ten major alterations in their structure, stop- ping the direct teaching of Atheism in the schools, eliminating the week- ly paper, "The Godless," turning back to clergy most of the edifices, and offering freedom to worship on the part, not only of the Orthodox but of other religious groups. But the Soviets do not take education nor any part of it away from the State and hand it to the Church. The schools are completely in con- trol of the State. Religion for chil- dren must be taught at home. The aid of the State at this point is that since the reforms of 1942 and 1944 symbols may be sold, a great aid to the parents who teach the Ortho- dox faith. ._ (Continued [rum Page 3) DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Caucasians? Christians? To the Editor:- I IT IS ALWAYS a sign of weakness when a group cf people refuse to stand up to be counted. This is true of the U.S. Congress, and it is equally true of members of Pen-Hel and Inter-fraternity Council. When faced with an issue, 39 decline comment, have nothing to say regarding their stand on racial discrimination in Greek-letter houses. Of the 12 who were willing to state their pos- ition, 4 outspokenly opposed admission of non- Caucasians and non-Christians." A number Q.100 M LEONARD FEATHER, the Arbiter Eleganti- arum of jazz for a prominent monthly mag- azine, has gone to considerable trouble this month to seek out the reasons for the disappear- ance of Benny Goodman's band from the fore- fronts of the national jazz polls. The whole dis- cussion strikes me as just the sort of hot-house argument that typifies the magazine's jazz at- titude, but since it coincides with a release of some of the music they cherish, it merits com- ment here. The record mentioned is the Victor Green Label of "Metronome All Out" and "Look Out," played by the Metronome All Star Band, with Duke Ellington and Sy Oliver, respective- ly, the guest conductors. It is strictly large jazz - ten brass, six reeds, and so on - of the sort that Feather admires, and it's really not bad music either. Some of the choruses, espec- ially those by Williams, Edison, Hodges and Wilson, are very good, and the arrangements are slick enough, but it's my guess you'll find the whole thing too over-powering for a steady diet. THE POINT,, though, is that Feather men-. tions this style as the new ideal in hot music, and criticized Goodman for being recherche enough to stick to what is labeled a "puny and thin" small organization. Not content with this simple statement, or else not certain enough to offer it as his own opinion, Feather backs up the discussion by pointing to the single vote the band received in his magazine's recent poll and this is where his whole argument starts to come apart at the seams. He claims, or 'rather he says "musicians" claim, that the Goodman band's style is out-of- date and inferior, largely because it failed to win some coveted statuette. Well, men, the statuette he refers to was won this year by Woody Herman, of the screaming trumpets and that abominable "Caldonia," a result which speaks more lustily than any words of mine about the value of this particular poll and its results. As Wolcott Gibbs would put it, Feather: if that's good jazz, the sort swing musicians like the best, then I'm Ty Cobb. -Lex Walker City of Detroit Civil Service an- p iouncements have been received in t this office for: t Junior Accountant. Salary, $2625- A $3095. V Semi-senior Accountant. Salary, t $3413-$4127. Senior Accountant. Salary, $4365- $5079. Closing date, May 14. Historical Museum Assistant. Sal- 8 ary, $2415-$2719. Closing date, May 15. C - - - -_i State of Michigan Civil Service an- nouncements have been received for: Social Worker A2. Salary, $175-a $195. No closing late.p School Accounting Examiner T.b Salary, $200-$240.T Closing date, May 15. For further information, call at the Bureau of Appointments, 201 Mason Hall. Victory Gardens: The plots for vic- tory gardens at the Botanical Gardent are ready for use. Employees of thef University who sent written requestsa for space to Mr. Roszel can learn the numbers of their plots by callingD him at the Storehouse.t It has been found necessary to askf each gardener, (even those who didG so last year) to contribute one dollar toward the expense of preparing the land, and it is hoped that these con-c tributions will be made promptly andf without further notice.1 A restriction on watering must be1 made because of lack of facilities for providing unlimited water to all gar- dens. Gardeners are reminded thatt water may be carried from the fau-1 cets in cans and pails, but the use of hose is prohibited.< Willow Village Program for the week April 28-May 5. Sunday, April 28: Classical Music, Lodge. Sunday, April 28: Vespers: Rev. James Van Pernis, Protestant Direc- tors Association, 4-5 p.m., Conference Room, West Lodge. Sunday, April 28: Football Movie, University of Michigan vs. Indiana, commentary by member of Athletic Staff, 7:30 p.m. Auditorium, West Lodge. Monday, April 29: Child Care Class. 2-4 p.m., and 8-10 p.m., West Court. Mrs. Agnes Stahley, Public Health Nursing. Tusday, April 30: Lecture Series. Professor Leslie Maurer, School of Journalism, will lead a discussion of democracy under pressure. 2-4 p.m., Conference Room, West Lodge. Tuesday, April 30: Child Safety Course, sponsored by Washtenaw County Chapter, American Red Cross and Federal Public Housing Author- ity will hold its first meeting in the Willow Village Community Building. 8:00 p.m. Wdnesday, May 1: Bridge. 2-4 p.m. and 8-10 p.m., Conference Room, West Lodge. Thursday, May 2: Home Planning. "What's New in Nutrition," last of series of lectures and movies present- ed by Miss Adelia M. Beeuwkes, In- structor in Public Health Nutrition. 7-4 p.m., Conference Room, West Lodge. Friday, May 3: Leadership. Dr. Fred G. Stevenson, Extension Staff "How to get democratic group action, and Parliamentary Procedures." 8-10 p.m., Conference Room, West Lodge. Friday, May 3: Dancing Class. Be- ginners, couples, 7 p.m.; Advanced couples, 8 p.m.; Dancing for all, 9 p.m., Auditorium, West Lodge. Saturday, May 4: Record Dance. 8 p.m., Club Room, West Lodge. Sunday, May 5: Classical Music (records). 3-5 p.m., Office, West Lodge. Sunday, May 5: Movies and Lec- ture. "Life in the Antartic", presented by Professor Allen F. Sherzer. 7:30 p.m., Auditorium, West Lodge. Lectures University Lecture. Dr. Alice Ham- ilton, Assistant Professor Emeritus of Industrial Medicine in the Harvard Medical School, will lecture on the subject, "The History of Control of the Dangerous Trades in the United States," at 4:15 p.m., Tuesday, April 30, in the Rackham Amphitheater, under the auspices of the Office of the Dean of Women. The public is invited. Mathematics Lecture: Captain 11. soldsteine on leave- from the De- 'artment of Mathematics will talk on he Eniac (Electronic Numerical In- egrator and Computor), built for the rmy at the University of Pennsyl- ania, on Monday at. 4:15 p.m . in lhe Rackham Amphitheatre*. Academic Notices Bacteriology Seminar: Tuesday a :30 a.m., Room 1564 East Medical Building. Subject: Antibiotics in the Control of Fungi. All interested are nvited, Pol. Sci. 154: "old" students of 68 are requested to hand in now the titles and outlines of their term pa- pers, and to be present at the panels beginning with "China Proper" on 'Tuesday, April 30. Frank Huntley Concerts Student Recital: Margaret Wardle, harpist, will present a recital in par- tial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Music, at 8:30 tonight in Lydia Mendelssohn Theater. A pupil of Lynne Palmer, Miss Wardle has planned a program to include compositions by Bach, Gluck, Debussy, Prokofieff, Salzedo, and Ravel. The public is invited. Student Recital: Dorothea Markus, will present a program in partial ful- fillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Music degree at 8:30 Monday evening in Lydia .Mendel- ssohn Theater. The public is invited and the concert will include composi- tions by Pugnani, Bach, Corelli, De- bussy, Vieuxtemps, Granados, Ravel, and deFalla. Miss Markus is a pupil of Gilbert Ross. Sunday Night Record Concert at 7:30, North Lounge, Union. All stu- dents invited. Events Today International Center: Any individ- ual having any connection with the National Tsing Hue University of Peiping, China, is cordially invited to attend a picnic to be given today in commemoration of the 35th anni- versary of the organization of the University. Meet in the lobby of the Union at 10:00 a.m. ComingEn is The Annual French Play: Le Cercle Francais will present "Les Femmes Savantes," a comedy in five acts and in verse, by Moliere on Wednesday, May 1, at 8:30 p.m., in the Lydia Mendelssohn Theater. All seats are reserved. Tickets will be on sale at the box office Monday and Tuesday from 2:00 to 5:00 p.m., and Wednesday from 2:00 to 8:30 p.m. Call 6300 for reservations. Mem- bers of Le Cercle Francais will pay the federal tax only. Ensian tryouts: There will be a meeting Tuesday at 4:15 in the Stu- dent Publications Building for all persons who have worked as 'Ensian tryouts on the editorial staff this year. Please be prompt. Plans for next year will be announced. Art and photo- graphy tryouts are also expected to attend. The Polonia Club will meet Tues- day at 7:30 in the International Center. During the business meet- ing, a lecturer will be chosen. Definite plans for the picnic will be announced. A social program is also scheduled for the evening. Refreshments will be served. The Deutscher Verein will meet again Tuesday at 8 p.m., in Rooms 316-320 of the Union. A German So- cial Hour, including singing, recita- tions, games, and refreshments, has been planned. Membership cards will be distributed at this time. Churches Memorial Christian Church (Disci- ples of Christ) Morning Worship, 10:50 a.m. Rev. F. E. Zendt will deliver the morning message. The Congregational-Disciples Guild will meet tonight at 6:00 at the Con- gregational Church for a cost sup- per followed by a discussion on "Is (Continued on Page 7) B!)OOKS IVY GRIPPED THE STEPS by Elizabeth Bowen. Knopf, New York, 1946. 233 pages. IVY GRIPPED THE STEPS is a collection of short stories about the experience of rather ordinary people in England during the war. Un- like many such stories, these have immediacy and violence, caught in almost insignificant incident. Miss Bowen says in her preface that "these are between-time stories-mostly re- actions from, or intermisison between, major events." She wants to show what happens to human personality not at moments of high strain, but in ordinary living under indefinitely lasting strain. The stories, written at various times during the war, and not especially for this collection, nevertheless relentlessly make one point: the mind cannot take in the tremendous events of war. Miss Bowen sees people taking refuge in dreams, hallucination, or memory of experience they can understand. This escapism produces some curious stories. In GREEN HOLLY, for example, a small group of people isolated by their secret war work be- come so tired of only each other that they begin to see ghosts, which seem very much alive, and which represent the life they knew or want. In THE DEMON LOVER, a middle-aged London lady returns from her country exile to her closed house in town on business, and disappears in panic with the ghost of her first lover, killed in World War I. In MYSTERIOUS KOR, a soldier and his girl, with nowhere to be together on his leave in London, create for themselves the mysterious land where they are alone. The dreams and hallucinations tear the stories away from reality with violence, and so produce the effect Miss Bowen wants: one of emotional terror and intellectual failure in people who superficially retain normalcy. -Martha Bradshaw IN the United States the movement has taken the form of petitions for a segment of the Public School time. Overlooking the failure of Churches to attain community solidarity for all children, the Church citizens in many, states and in such great cities as New York, Chicago, Detroit, and Los An- geles, are asking that children be released at various hours of school days to repair to Church classes. In so petitioning they are ignoring the fact that Saturday-Sunday, two-sev- enths of every week originally was left free from public school schedules spe- cifically to be used by the Religious, but has not been utilized. A study of this issue on the broad basis of how shall the United. States keep its edu- cational solidarity and yet encourage a search for supreme values including religious truth for all children will make us aware of the American pre- dicament; namely, freedom to be Christian and democratic yet unable as parents thoroughly to teach that significant basic way of life. -Edward W. Blakeman Counselor in Religious Education General Library List Antheil, George Bad Boy of Music. Garden City, New York, Doubleday, 1945. Jameson, Storm The Other Side. 'New York, Macmillan, 1946. Martin, John Stuart A Picture History of Russia. New York, Crown publishers, 1946. Masters, Dexter One World or None. New York, Whittlesey, 1946. Richter, Conrad The Fields. New York, Knopf, 1946. Bingay, Malsoln Detroit Is My Own Bobbs-Merrill, 1946. Adams, J. Donald The Treasure Chest. Dutton, 1946. Cook, Fannie Home Town. New York, Mrs. Palmer's Honey. Garden City, N. Y. Doubleday, 1946. Graf, Max Legend of a Musical City. New York, Philosophical Library, 1945. Wolfe, Thomas A Stone, a Leaf, a Door. New York, Scribners, 1945. Fifty-Sixth Year Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. BARNABY FI I was alone in the house when heard sounds in the living room. I called out .. .But that was a What was stolen, Mr. Shultz.. .? Gracious. Read this. A most lurid tale. I told you not to take By Crockett Johnson It distinctly slates that vandals or the Refrigerator Bandit are suspected. A likely deduction ... But we are not Margaret Farmer Hale Champion Robert Goldman Emily E. Knapp Pat Cameron . . . Clark Baker . . . . Des Howarth . . . Ann Schutz . . . . Dona Guimaraes Editorial Staff . . . . . . . . . . Managing Editor . . . . . . . . . . Editorial Director . . . . . . . . . . . . City Editor . . . . . . . . . . . Associate Editor . . . . . . . . Associate Editor . . . . . . . . . . . Sports Editor . . . . . . . . Associate Sports Editor . . . . . . . . . . Women's Editor . . . . . . . Associate W omen's Editor Business Staff