CONTROVERSIAL REPORTER See Page 4 ErrF 47latt]y CLOUDY WARMER VOL. LVI, No. 118 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, APRIL 19, 1946 PRICE FIVE CENTS Marshall Takes Per sonal Charge In Chinese Fight Government Admits Communists Have Seized Most of Manchurian Capital UN Council Clashes Over Poland's View of Spain as Menace to Peace Britain, Russia Disagree On Anti-Franco Policy By The Associated Press CHUNGKING, April 18-General Marshall took personal command to- day of efforts to end Manchuria's "little civil war," raging to a climax in Changchun with prospects of a Chinese Communist victory soon. As Marshall arrived here and an- nounced he would plunge at once in- to truce conversations, government dispatches admitted the Communists had seized most of the Manchurian capital. It was asserted that up until 6 U' Awaiting Clarification of Interim Permit Seven Airlines Will Use Willow Run Field The University awaited clarifica- tion of the War Assets Administra- tion's "interim permit" to occupy and operate Willow Run Airport yester- day before putting into effect its large-scale plans for aeronautical re- search and development at the $10,- 000,000 air base. Vice-president Robert P. Hriggs conferred in Detroit with Recon- struction Finance Corp. officials, who had been notified of the W AA au- thorization of an interim permit but had received no details. No information has been forth- coming as to whether the University Regents will accept temporary occu- pation of the airport without definite assurances of permanent occupation later. Meanwhile, seven major airlines reacted swiftly to the WAA's grant to the University by announcing that they can start operating through Willow Run within 30 days after the University takes possession. Robert M. Averill, airlines' spokes- man, said Willow Run would be used only until Detroit builds a new air- port adequate for four-engine flights. Indications are that the airlines will continue to use Detroit City Airport for two-engine flights. Grand Jury Indicts 15 Climaxing almost six years of in vestigation, Circuit Judge James R. Breakey Jr., Washtenaw County's one-man gambling grand jury, in- dicted 15 men on a series of con- spiracy charges yesterday. Probing an alleged million dollar country-wide gambling racket, Breakey as judge received pleas of not-guilty from all the men, and set the trial for 9:30 a.m. May 1. Six of the men were from Ann Arbor. One of the indicted, Thomas Nor- weather, 44 years old, of Ypsilanti, has brought suit against Sheriff John Osborn, accusing Osborn of mis- treating him while he was held in County Jail earlier in the investiga- tion. Judge Breakey branded Nor- weather's action as an attempt to discredit the grand jury. Reduction in Navy Predicted by Nimitz' WASHINGTON, April 18-W)-A prediction of a "decided reduction" in the Navy if the United Nations proves the next few years it can in- sure world peace was made to the American Society of Newspaper Edi- tors today by Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz. Nimitz said he is optimistic that the United Nations will work, but during its trial period of the next two or three years the Navy will maintain 291 ships in commission as "insurance to support our foreign policy." William Benton, Assistant Secre- tary of State, called upon the edi- tors to undertake "a continuing study of the whole field of handling news abroad" by both private agencies and government services. p.m. Wednesday the government garrison of less than 4,000 men still held out, presumably in the hastily- fortified center of Changchun-a city of 415,000 population. As an estimated 40,00 Communist troops assaulted with artillery, mor- tars, and machineguns, transport planes of the Chinese Air Force flew over the metropolitan battleground to drop food and ammunition to the embattled garrison. Military sources here said the gov- ernment had refrained from throw- ing combat planes into the struggle. The mere presence of Marshall, special U. S.envoy to China, promp- ted some political observers to as- sert that some kind of an agree- ment would be reached speedily. He scheduled a series of confer- ences for Friday with heads of the government, Chinese Communist leaders, and officials of the United States embasy.. There was no late word, mean- while from five United States corres- pondents° and two U.S. Army men who entered Changchun several days ago. Associated Press correspondent Tom Masterson said in a Chang- chun dispatch Wednesday that the Communists had captured the Ya- mato Hotel, where Maj. Robert B. Brigg, Chicago, assistant military attache, and his pilot, Sgt. Clayton Pond, Portland, Ore., were staying. (A spokesman for the State De- partment in Washington said the U. S. consul at Mukden had advised Thursday morning that the two ar- my men and the five correspondents were "safe and sound" but it was not known whether the consul's cable was sent before or after Masterson's dispatch.) Rail Workers Wage Increase Recommended WASHINGTON, April 18-P)--A fact-finding board today recom- mended a 16-cent hourly wage boost plus changes in working conditions for more than 200,000 railroad engi- neers and trainmen. The wage recommendation paral- leled arbitration awards April 3 to three other operating brotherhoods representing-200,000 workers and to 15 non-operating brotherhoods repre- senting 1,050,000 shop and other em- ployees. The carriers estimated the 16-cent increase will cost approximately $619,000,000 additional in 1946. They lused that figure in asking the Inter- state Commerce Commission for a 25 per cent increase in freight rates. Coal operators Out Indefinitely WASHINGTON, April 18 - )- Soft coal operators, tired of waiting for the government to revive col- lapsed negotiations with John L. Lewis, today went home for an in- definite stay. Lewis, who led his United Mine Workers' negotiating committee out of the contract conferences April 10, had no immediate comment. Neither did Secretary of Labor Schwellen- bach, who has been trying to re-start the negotiations since they were broken off. GERMAN REPRESENTATIVES of three sectors in the U.S. Zone conferring with the American political advi- sor at a meeting of the "Landrat," German coordinating body. Left to right, Dr. James K. Pollock, advisor, on leave from the University political science department, Dr. Wilhelm Hoegner, Bavarian minister presi- dent; Dr. Reinhold Maier, minister president of Wurttemburg-Baden; Prof. Karl Geiler, minister president of Greater Hessen. World Food crisis Alarming; Truman Urges American Aid C>-- By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, April 18-Presi- dent Truman told nearly 300 editors today that the world food crisis is "worse than it has been painted." Earlier he had asked Herbert Hoover to hurry home and urge Americans to step up their aid. White House Press Secretary Charles G. Ross told reporters after the closed, off-the-record session with members of the American Society of Newspaper Editors, that the Presi- dent had given permission for his description to be quoted directly. The president, Ross said, told the editors he wished that they could go 3, S 0 39000 2,500 2*0 19500 - -I Lj to the starvation areas of Europe and Asia and see for themselves just how bad conditions are. Critical Question The conference lasted more than a half-hour. Ross said more than half of the questions dealt with the crucial food situation. Asked by one editor if the food situ- ation was as black as it has been painted, Ross said the president replied it was "worse." In another step of the famine re- lief program, the President today appealed to farmers and other holders of wheat to deliver their grain now under a plan aimed to protect them if prices rise later. Former President Hoover, World War I champion of food saving, is in Cairo after completion of a survey tour of Europe as honorary chairman of the famine emergency committee. Hoover To Return Mr. Truman suggested in a tele- gram that instead of proceeding to the Orient as originally planned, the former president return home at once to present "forcibly and dramatically" the conditions he found in Europe. Mr. Truman's effort to get more wheat off farms and out of storage for export was made through a tele- gram to N. W. Thatcher of St. Paul, president of the National Federation of Grain Cooperatives. It said wide acceptance of the wheat certificate plan "can become a powerful instru- ment" to achieve that end. Under the plan, the farmers would receive certificates when they deliver their wheat and receive payment at later dates at the prices then in effect. Tito Government Recognized by United States WASHINGTON, April 18 - (P) - Secretary of State Byrnes disclosed today that the United States is recog- nizing the Tito government of Yugo- slavia-though with some reserva- tions on its domestic policies. The recognition comes after assur- ances from the Belgrade government that it would live up to all Yugo- slavia's treaty committments with the United States. The most impor- tant of these, in the opinion of State Department officials, is one which dates back to 1881 and >rovides that no nation should receive more favor- able trade treatment from Yugo- slavia than the United States re- ceives. This means specifically that al- though Yugoslavia has close politi- cal ties with Russia, she has agreed not to give the Soviets any more fa- vorable commercial treatment than the United States. Presumably this was the main point in a four-months controversy between Washington and Belgrade over whether the treaties would be reaffirmed. SGarg To Stage Make-up Party Makes a body wanta cry, sort of, to think of the plight of that little magazine downstairs. The Garg staff is busy today past- ing up their final dummies for the May issue. They are, in fact, just a trifle short-handed, and a couple of extra willing hands, eager to learn the tricks of magazine make-up, would probably be warmly appreci- ated. "Just drop into the office in the afternoon or evening," was the way a hesitant senior editor phrased it. As a matter of fact, there will be something of a party aspect about the whole affair, many staff members planning to bring their dates to the office to enjoy the fun. Iran Controversy As Yet Undecided By The Associated Press NEW YORK, April 18-Great Brit- ain and Russia sharply disagreed in the United Nations Security Council today over Poland's picture of Spain as a Nazi-inspired menace to peace. They disagreed also as to the pro- priety and wisdom of collective Coun- cil action against the regime of Gen- eralissimo Francisco Franco Soviet delegate Andrei Gromyko joined Russia with Poland, France and Mexico in favor of a concerted Lreak in diplomatic relations with Madrid. Sir Alexander Cadogan lined Britian-up with the Netherlands and Brazil in opposition to the Polish pro- posal charging Spain is a potentially explosive threat to France and a long-range menace to the world in the atomic age. Lt.-Col. W. R. Hodgson, the Aus- tralian delegate, offered an amend- ment to the Polish resolution for a break with Spain, asking that a five- man sub-committee investigate the Spanish situation and report back to the Council by May 17. The Council adjourned until 3 p.m. next Tuesday after more than three hours' debate without reach- ing any decision on either the pending Spanish or Iranian issues and without acting on Hodgsons amendment. After two sessions of debate on Spain the lineup showed Poland, Mexico, France and Russia favoring a diplomatic break with Franco; the Netherlands, Britain and Brazil stoutly against such a move; the United States and China uncommit- ted; Australia sponsoring further subsidiary investigation, and Egypt thus far unheard. Poland needs seven affirmative votes out of the eleven to carry her motion. Disagreement of another phase was announced tonight in a report from the Council's committee of experts, who disclosed they were unable to agree on an opinion called for by Secretary- General Trygve Lie's suggestion that the Council could not legally pursue Reds Accused of Arming Border MADRID, April 19-G'P)-Well-in- formed sources said today that Spain had given the United States and Britain details about her charges that the Russians were supplying weapons to Communist organizations along the Spanish-French border. Foreign Minister Martin Artajo yesterday called in U. S. Charge D'Affaires Philip W. Bonsal and Brit- ish Ambassador Sir Victor Mallet to amplify a Spanish note of March 20 which, these sources said, concerned Communist activities at the border. A Madrid broadcast tonight de- clared Russia was provoking United Nations' action against Franco as a guise for attacks whose "aim is not Spain but first Great Britain and then the United States." It called for an investigation by "all honest men in the world" of the charges brought before the Security Council by Po- land. the Iranian issue after Iran with- drew her complaint against Russia. This throws the Iranian matter back to the Council for debate Tues- day afternoon. The high point of disagreement between Russia and Britain brought forth their opposed contentions on the question of whether the Spanish situation should rightfully fall into the category of an internal problem or a matter for world attention and action. Gromyko declared, "The policy of non-intervention practiced by the League of Nations, and by some of the states represented in this organi- zation encouraged German Fascism and was one of the causes of the war which Fascist aggression inflicted on the peace-loving peoples of the world." House I"asses Bill Reducing OPA Powers Price Control's Death Foreseen in Measure WASHINGTON, April 18 - (R) - Paul Porter, backed into a corner by House passage today of a bill chop- ping great gaps in OPA powers, fought back tonight with an asser- tion that the measure would require removal of ceilings from "commodi- ties making up at least half the cost of living." The Price Administrator's state- ment particularly mentioned such items as coal, shoes, wool and rayon textiles, meats and milk as articles which would have to come out from under controls if the House decision prevails. He gave special attention to the Gossett amendment, incorporated by the House in OPA extension legisla- tion, which requires OPA to take off ceilings when output of a commodity exceeds its production during the fis- cal year 1941. He named coal and the clothing items in a partial list of products which he said have come up to that level, with "supply still far out of balance with demand." Porter reiterated a statement of last night that the House bill "in ef- fect repeals price controls." The price administrator patently was pointing his remarks at the Senate, which gets next crack at the price control law, So also was Chester Bowles, Sta- bilization Director, when he con- ferred for 35 minutes this morning with President Truman and then told newsmen he did not see how price controls could be maintained under the measure which the House finally passed 355 to 42. The President's secreta , Charles G. Ross, said Mr. Truman "hopes for much better results in the Senate." Asked whether the President had any comment on the House action Ross replied: "Not for print." .4 1,000- 500 alum -6,16U6-UIi DIET COMPARISON-This chat, based on figures of the UNRRA, compares estimated daily European diet with the daily American diet in calories for one person. Slide Rules Are Now Available r SOIC Function Is Taken Over V ,) ENLISTMENT FAVORED: Extension of Selective Service Legislation Opposed by AVC An end to the great slide rule shortage which has plagued engineer- ing students since the first days of the war appeared last night to be at hand. The University business office asked all students who desire slide rules to report to the veterans win- dow of the cashier's office before 4 p.m. Monday, April 22. The business office said last night they should be able to meet the de- mand and asked students to leave their name and money in advance. They will give students a receipt and have the slide rules ready within a few days, according to present plans. A notice will appear in The Daily Official Bulletin when the slide rules are ready. PROF. STEERE WITNESSES: Gardens, Crowded Colleges Reveal Strength of Europeans Student Government Will Handle Affairs The Student Organization for In- ternational Cooperation voted itself out of existence yesterday, pending agreement by the new Student Gov- ernment to take over its functions. One hundred dollars was voted to the Student Government to set up a committee on international affairs. This committee would have charge of coordinating activities for Philip- pines University relief. The files of SOIC, including correspondence with student groups on other campuses and plans for a World Student Con- gress in Prague August 13 to 20, would be kept by the committee. The SOIC voted to appoint a com- mittee from its membership to meet Members of the University Chapter of the AVC went on record last night as being opposed to thetextension of the Selective Service Act. The resolution drawn up states: "Because we believethatuvoluntary enlistments are and will be sufficient to meet the stated needs of the armed forces, we, the Ann Arbor Michigan Chanter No. 1 of the AVC resolve that Department, it was essential that a force sufficiently strong to imple- ment this position be maintained. He also contended that Selective Service was necessary if the United States is to live up to its part in occupation of enemy territory. Refutes Klibe Refuting Klibe, Weeks claimed #h a .rlt~- arT nc- mnrf chn- h t- Dangerously over-crowded univer- sities and new garden patches bear witness to the fact that Europe's strength to grow has not yet been killed, Prof. Douglas Steere of Haver- ford College said last night. the United States showing its "innate decency" by helping the peoples de- termined to rise. Describing the seriousness of the health situation in Europe, Prof. Steere said that from 20 to 30 per cent of the university students, who