_ ! i _ 111 _ 1,'



,_ .-.-.rai, a , a . u

aFR a h a . I~sEaa-vtaa.4 ay 1R


STJDENT GOVERNMENT:
Congress-Cabinet E xplained

W HAT PRICE education as a tool if you don't
use it!
A college education can't be rushed. Basic
principles and technical information have to
be digested slowly and thoroughly, for the foun-
dation of a house must be solid or the roof will
cave in! College isn't like the army; when you
have your "points," they discharge you with no
questions asked. What we learn here in three
or four years must often carry us on for forty
years.
As an "institution of learning," whose pur-
is to provide instruction in literature, science
and the arts and professions, the University is
also a training ground for citizens of many
nations.
After carefully reading and discussing with
students on "both sides of the fence," the two
proposed constitutions for Student Govern-
ment, we were convinced (and long before
either group presented its idea formally) that
a significant Student Government could be
realized only if the form set up were repre-
sentative. The constitutional rights of such
a body, like the "republican" form of state
government in this country, should guarantee
that all power be vested in the electorate (stu-
dent body) and representatives (the Congress,
in this case) elected by and responsible to them.
In Mr. Dixon's editorial in yesterday's Daily,
he stated that "each proposed governing body
is intended to be of the students and represent
their interests." We believe that the Congress-
Cabinet form is the most effective proposal to
achieve this end-Student Government.
Let's see why:
The Congress-Cabinet Constitution states
that the main body of the Student Govern-
nent, the Congress, shall consist of one repre-
sentative for 400 students elected by propor-
tional representation from the entire student
body. Consistent with a "republican" form
of democracy? YES.
1 Assuming 14,000 students enrolled at the
University next semester, Mr. Dixon is mis--
taken in stating that under PR each voter
would have to choose 35 candidates. He would
vote only for as many candidates as he wants
to vote for.
The fact that the voter would tend to
choose only those candidates with whom he
i familiar is one of the strong points of the
plan, for it insures the selection of candidates
on the basis of the voters' direct knowledge
of their ability, not on the basis of fame,
prestige and publicity. By enlarging the size
of the main body of the government, we be-
lieve that voters would elect candidates whom
they know personally, to a much greater ex--
tent than would be possible under the small-
er Council-plan.
[Encyclopedia of Social Sciences: "Experi-
ence has shown that the Hare plan (the type
of proportional representation most generally
used here) gives complete freedom to the vot-
ers, cannot be manipulated by the parties and
secures the representation of groups in pro-
portion to numbers.],'
Under this system, the voter votes for as many
candidates as he chooses (but not more than
the total number to be elected), numbering each
choice in order of preference.
2) Mr. Dixon stated that a slate of more than
50 names would be an open invitation for can-
didates to run merely for the honor. Certainly
there is more "honor for honor's sake alone"
in election to a nine-member body than to a
35-member Congress. Furthermore, the Coun-
cil plan would facilitate and practically insure
the election of nine "big names" on campus.
Under the Congress plan, students would
be encouraged to run on the basis of plat-
forms and to secure a large popular follow-
ing on the basis of their ideas about what
student government should do. We hope that
the candidates' would be afforded ample op-
portunities to campaign for themselves before
large audiences; this method, in addition to
whatever coverage The Daily could provide
would give the voters ample information. By
emphasizing personal knowledge of the can-
didates and election on the basis of platforms,
the Congress-Cabinet plan provides a far more
democratic type of election than is possible
under the Council plan, with its emphasis on
famous names and Daily publicity.
3) Mr. Dixon states that the restrictive qual-

ifications for candidacy were inserted in the
Council plan "to insure that only candidates
with a sincere interest in Student Government
would run and that Council.members would not
be complete neophytes in the realm of student
activity." Are we to measure this "sincere in-
Fifty-Sixth Year
Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board of Control
of Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Ray Dixon ........ . Managing'Editor
Robert Goldman . ......... City Editor
Betty Roth....... . . . . Editorial Director
Margaret Farmer. . . . Associate Editor
Arthur J. Kraft........ . . Associate Editor
Bill Mullendore. ........Sports Editor
Mary Lu Heath.. ..Associate Sports Editor
Ann Schutz . . Women's Editor
Dorta Guimaraes . . . . Associate Women's Editor
Business Staff
D'orothy Flint . usiness Manager
boy Altman . . . . . . . Associate Business Mgr.
Telephone 23 -24-1
NIGHT EDITOR: CAROL ZACKR
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of T he Daily staff
.. 7 ,, ,' ,,

terest in Student Government" merely by a
student's participation in organizations?
This previous statement clearly reflects
the confusion in the minds of some students
'as to the real purpose of Student Govern-
ment. Student Government is NOT to be one
more organization for people who like to run
things merely for the sake of running them;
it is NOT to be one more step in the compli-
cated ladder of organizational activity. By
insisting that candidates "not be complete
neophytes in the realm of student activity,"
and by emphasizing the importance of the
"cooperation between the proposed Council
and Forum, Mr. Dixon indicates that he is
still thinking of Student Government as one
more extension of the usual type of student
activity.
We want a student government which
stands on its own feet, as the independent
representative of the entire student body.
We believe that Student Government of the
Congress-Cabinet form, will be a means of
shifting more responsibility onto the student
body as a whole, and of creating a greater
degree of administration confidence in the
students. The tasks of Student Government
will be of vital importance to the entire stu-
dent body, not merely to that small segment
of the campus which happens to be interested
in the usual sort of extra-curricular activi-
ties. Thus, transfers, veterans and students
otherwise unintrigued or bewildered by the
huge array of campus groups, would be en-
couraged to work for a purpose of equal con-
cern to all students."
4) If the various organizations on campus
want to set up a Forum' to accomplish what IFC
and Pan-Hell do for fraternities and sororities,
let them do it! They do not need a campus-
wide election to do that. We certainly have
no objection to setting up such a Forum; but
we say it has nothing to do with STUDENT
Government. The Forum would be organization
government. Because the Congress, acting
through the Cabinet, would be interested in co-
ordinating student activities, they would prob-
ably find it convenient to work through such a
Forum, if it were set up. This IFC of organ-
izations can be established immediately; how-
ever, there is no reason for putting it in a Con-
stitution for campus-wide Student Govern-
ment.
Though the Forum in the Council pro-
posal has no vote, the presence of it as an
apparently indispensable part of that Con-
stitution creates the impression of a student
government primarily concerned with the
business of organizations.
5) Referring to Article 1, Sec. Sc, of 'the Con-
gress-Cabinet Constitution ("The Congress shall
delegate representatives to all faculty-student
bodies."), Mr. Dixon says "it might be better"
if student members of the Student Affairs Com-
mittee and the Administrative Board of the
College of Literature, Science and the Arts, were
chosen by the student body. It is self-evident
that the delegation of representatives by the
Congress would be an improvement on the
present method of selection, i. e., the Union
Board of Directors of which the appointed'
Union President and Recording Secretary are
members. These officers are not elected by theI
entire Union membership but by a selections
committee which itself is "appointed by the
Appointments Committee," thus completing theI
endless, bewildering climb to the summit of the
pyramid.
6) Similarly, we prefer the election of~officers
by the Congress because we believe that such
people can be chosen most efficiently by Con-I
gressmen who know them personally and have
worked with them in the Congress. ElectionI
would tend to be more on a basis of compet-
ence, not prestige. For example, a President1
elected by the entire student body would ' be
merely a "popular" man, seeking a highly hon-j
orary position. The President of the Congress,
on the other hand, should be someone who can
conduct large meetings efficiently, who can
handle the complicated business of the Congress
effectively.-
Under the provision in the Congress-
Cabinet Constitution that the Cabinet shall
be responsible to the Congress, the larger
body would be able to remove the executive
body by a two-thirds no-confidence vote.
This provision gives the Congress direct con-

trol over the policies and actions of its execu-
tives. Popularly elected officers, often chosen
on a false basis, are too difficult to control
once they are in power.
ERTAINLY, this is a campus-wide question.
In the past, Student Governments have
tottered and collapsed on this campus either
for lack of adequate support (no popular ap-
peal) or for want of a certain amount of au-
thority to enforce their wishes. Students, too,
are entitled to their ideas as individuals. Better
a live, sometimes wrong person, than a weak,
always agreeing sop. An effective Student Gov-
ernment is the only means by which students
can make their position felt. This is the center
of the problem.
United in work for Student Government,
we will no longer be classified as "superficial
children" living in a "glass menagerie". Let's
scratch away the veneer beneath that civilized.
external of culture so that a true philosophy j
of responsibility emerges.
-Charlotte Bobrecker !

MERRY-CO-ROUND:
Ilesitaniy Foste 's
By DREW PEARSON
W ASHINGTON. -Most important areas the
State Department must deal with when it
comes to preventing future war are Germany
and Japan. So far, the Japanese situation is
under tight military control and progressing
satisfactorily.
But, in Germany, the State Department
has done little about dismantling German
industry or getting adequate personnel to see
that it is done.
Some men at the top in the State Department
have a real understanding of this vital prob-
lem. But so far. they haven't got their ideas
across to those at the bottom. State Depart-
ment members of the economic policy security
committee were complaining at a close-door
session that they couldn't get any money to
finance their job.
"Have you seen Senator McKellar?" asked
Joe Panuch, one of Byrnes' right-hand men.
"Have you tried to show him what a big job
you have to do? MKellar is chairman of the
appropriations committee and a reasonable
man. Has anyone talked to him?"
I Wrld Warr III
ONE OF THE German experts spoke up to
say that when the second deficiency bill
is passed, the State Department will be able to
hire four new men to help handle German
problems. At this, Panuch threw up his hands
in despair; for it estimated the State Depart-
ment will have to hire more than 1,000 men
to govern the U. S. zone in Germany.
After the meeting broke up, William Rudin
summarized the situation:
"A generation from now when we're fight-
ing World War III," he said, "people will
think back and try to fix the cause of the
war. They'll figure out a lot of complicated
reasons. And probably no one will realize
that a few innocent, mediocre little officials,
afraid of taking the initiative, afraid of ask-
ing Congress for money, were really the ones
who started World War Iii.".
Hopkins' Last Chance
ONLY HIS DOCTOR knew it, but Harry Hop-
kins had one chance to live-though he
wouldn't take it.
His doctor, the famous Max Wolfe, also phy-
sician to Lord Louis Mountbatten, told Hopkins
he had cancer of the mesenteric lymph glands,
but could probably be saved if he would go on
a Freund non-fat diet and also cut out smoking.
Hopkins, however, refused. He used to tell
people that, although he had taken a lot of
kicking around, he had no complaints to make
and felt he had got every minute out of life.
In fact, just after Franklin Roosevelt died, Hop-
kins told Chip Roberts that when he looked
back on all the national and international
crises he had experienced, it seemed that he
had lived 2,000 years.
So, when Hopkins refused to accept Dr.
Wolfe's order, Wolfe arranged for him to go
to Doctors' Hospital. And there Harry Hop-
kins no longer interested in life since the
death of his beloved chief, quietly awaited
his end.
(Copyright. 194", by the Beli Syndicate, Inc.)
R.efusal of Funds
"It soon became apparent to the WSSF
Committee that the students were being
forced to contribute funds to something for
which they do not yet comprehend the neces-
sity."-from a letter from the chairman of
WSSF, refusing 3-Hop receipts in yesterday's
Daily.
ARE WE THEN to tell the students at the Uni-
versity of the Philippines that although we
at the University of Michigan adopted their
school in an all-campus election, we really didn't
mean it?

When they look around for the promised
buildings, books, notebooks, pencils and multi-
tude of other things which they need, are we
to tell them that although the money was avail-
able, we couldn't give it to them?
Are we to tell them that after all, we don't
understand why they can't continue their
schooling in bombed out buildings, taking
notes on palm leaves from lectures received
by iiental telepathy?
Maybe a new ruling has been made whereby
students will be required to file J-Hop applica-
tions along with their registration materials,
but we haven't heard of it.
Just how the student body is being coerced
into contributing to WSSF we can't quite
figure out. So long as there are students
who are willing to spend ten dollars for a
ticket to the Hop, the profits from that ten
dollars should go to the University of the
Philippines.
Somehow we can't feel that anyone has made
a great sacrifice or that WSSF will be burdened
by any great obligation. We doubt, too, that
students in the Philippines will object to doing
their homework out of texts supplied with
money we paid to go to a dance.
In reviving what some of us term "college
life" on our campus, we can bring the real
college life back to theirs.
--Annette Shenker

PD RATHER BE RIGHT:
Spending Spree Trend Revealed

4)?.


By 'SAMUEL GRAFTON
SEVERAL commentators have pok-
ed their noses into southern
winter resorts, and have pulled them
back, wrinkled with apprehension;
it seems a stupefying amount of
spending is going on, and there are
people who think nothing of paying
$30 for a room, $30 for a dinner, and
of then waiting in line for the priv-
ilege of shooting craps, as patiently
as if they were waiting for absolu-
tion of sin.
And of course one waits in line
for many things these days, and some
of the lines are oddlines; there is
money for everything, and one waits
in line in lending libraries, and in
shoe-shine parlors. I saw a line half
a block long the other day which
looked like nylons, but turned out
to be mince pies. The nylon line was
across the street, and some of the
passersby stood in deep study, un-
able to decide which to wait for.
Nylons, of course, have become a
new form of currency, something like
wampum; and a man at the theatre
caused a considerable stir the other
night by saying loudly to his male
companion: "I have that dozen pairs
of nylons for you, Bill; if you need
any more, let me know." The bounder
then leaned back, as smugly con-
tented with his display of wealth as if
he had shown the world a mouthful
of gold teeth.
It is after experiences such as
tlis that a newspaperman is
tempted to write a sour little mor-
alistic piece, denouncing the new
wave of spending as somehow lax
and inappropriate on the part of
a nation which has just been
through a dreadful war. Did the
boys die at the Kasserine Pass so
that black marketeers could shove
their betters at the bars? And
such pieces have been written, and'
T have read them with due appre-
ciation, but they do not tell the
whole story.
FOR IT IS NOT the spending which
is bad, of itself, but the fact
that it has been going on during a
period in which as many as 2,000,000
Americans have been dn strike for
higher wages; the spending must be
viewed against the strikes; it is a
pattern of pinch in one place and
plethora in another; the gap between
top and bottom has widened since
the shooting stopped, and the whole
thing must be seen as evidence of
IIr----_-_-

l
11
e
z
Y
f
S
S
f
1
G
G
s
i

a new economic configuration which
has been arising since the war.
Whatever the merits of their
cases, the hard fact remains that
the families of many thousands of
strikers are without money; and
the famirilies of millions of other
workers are restive under the pres-
sure of higher prices, and see only
still higher prices ahead.
It is when the spending spree, so
lush and plush, so gorged and so de-
sirous is placed in this setting, that
one gets a faint, bitter feeling of im-
pending disorganization, and an
awareness of the fact that American
of all sorts have been pulled further
apart from. a common center since
the war came to an end.
We have not yet reached the stage
at which any considerable number
of us are homeless waifs, pressing
our noses against plate-glass win-
dows to gape at unattainable deli-
cacies inside; but the trend runs

that way, and a people which could
avoid dealing with disasters must
learn to deal with trends. One can
see, in this setting, what a boost
would be given to this trend if we
were to end price control; and how.
the trend has been served by a Con-
gress which has first, almost casual-
ly, reduced income taxes, and is now
going to work to curb strikes.
One recalls what happened after
the last war; neon lights still play
over the memory; it was like a ride
in a stolen car driven by a drunken
harlot with a scarlet mouth, and
the recollection ought to be enough
to make us call out to whatever
economic police there be: Stop
trend! There is nothing bad, per
se, about a $30 hotel room; but
even a $30 hotel room must be
spoiled a little bit by the headlines
in the newspapers pushed under
the door today.
( apyright, 1946, N.Y. Pbst Syn~dicate)


(Copyright, 1946, N.Y. Post Syndicate)

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

DRAMA

Play Production presents "Beg-
gar on Horseback," a comedy by
George S. Kaufman and Marc
Connelly.
THERE is occasion for double re-
joicing over the current Play
Production exhibit, for, not only does
it offer the usual pleasure of seeing
this superior group in action, but,
moreover, it finds them back in a
vehicle demanding of their talents
after the "What A Life" siesta.
. "Beggar On Horseback" is a com-
edy with impressionistic embellish-"
ments telling of a musical genius
torn between a wealthy marriage and
the classic alternative of starving in
a garret with his true love. To nar-
rate the gentleman's dilemma the
authors have employed the device of
staging his dreams. As a forerunner
of the glittering "Lady in the Dark,"
the play may no longer seem ex-
perimentally daring, but its trench-
ant observations on American ma-
terialism is satire of a high order.
Director Valentine Windt has
called on several new faces for this
production and has directed them
with amazing success. Jim Bob
Stephenson plays the distraught
composer, a lengthy role which he
sustains perfectly. Stepping up to
the strata of Byron Mitchell,
Stephenson seems to lack the flaw-
less diction of his colleague, but
he has a compensating element of
spontaneity lacking in Mitchell's
work.
Mary Firestone, as the true love,
plays with considerable charm, but
as yet she is not quite another Dor-
othy Murzek. Acting honors of the
evening go to four character perform-
ances contributed by Janine Robin-
son, Shirley Armstrong, Harp Mc-
Guire and James Land, as the com-
poser's obnoxious in-laws. Miss Rob-
inson is hard to beat under any cir-
cumstances, but here she makes the
most of a particularly rewarding
role.
Adding a smart job of staging.
a scenically gorgeous number
danced and choreographed by
Jeanne Parsons, PlayrProduction
herein wraps up and presents one
of their top achievements.
-Barrie Waters

Publicatoinn the Daily Official Bul-
letin Is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angel Hall, by 3:30,p. m. on the day
preceding publication (11:00 a. m. Sat-
urdays)-
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1946
VOL. VIN, No. 72
Notces
Attention All Students: Registra-
tion for tie Spring Term
By action of the Conference of
Deans, all students are required to
register for the Spring Term at, and
no later than, the time announced in
the Registration Schedule. Late reg-
istrations will not be permitted by the
administrative authorities of the sev-
eral units, except in the case of vet-
erans who have not been in residence
for the Fall Term. Students must pre-
sent their identification cards at the
time of registration and must file
their registration material them-
selves, not by proxy.
The reason for this requirement is
the unprecedented demand which the
enrollment for the Spring Term will
make upon the educational resources
and the housing facilities of the Uni-
versity. Because of these conditions,
it is absolutely essential that regis-
tration and classification be com-
pleted according to schedule.
Dr. Frank E. Robbins
Assistant to the President
Veterans in Refresher Course. All
books and supplies for the Refresher
Course must be purchased not later
than Feb. 9. This deadline is neces-
sary to allow the University time to
audit and pay the veterans' accounts
at the various stores and, in turn, to
submit invoices to the Veterans Ad-
ministration for reimbursement be-
fore the end of the course.
Boyd C. Stephens
Cashier
Attention Faculty Members:
The blanks that were distributed for
the Faculty Bibliography are overdue.
Those who have not returned the
blanks must do so at once if their
names and publications are to appear
in the next issue.
February Graduates: Today is the
last day' on which you may call for
your announcements. They will be
distributed outside of Room 4 in Uni-
versity Hall from 10 to 12 and 1 to 3.
You must bring your receipt in order
to obtain your order.
Orders for caps and gowns for men
graduating Feb. 23 will be taken
through Saturday by Moe's Sport
Shop. All orders must be taken by
then so that caps and gowns will ar-
rive in time for graduation.
Choral Union Members. The next
rehearsal of the Choral Union will
take place Tuesday evening, Feb. 12,
at 7:00, on the stage of Hill Audito-
rium (enter rear doors) instead of in
the usual place.
"Alexander Nevsky" recordings will
be played.
Students, College of Literature,
Science, and the Arts: Students are
requested to conserve the supply of
College Announcements by using for
the spring term the copies issued to
them last fall. The large supplemen-
tary edition which was printed is al-
most exhausted. Any remaining new
copies must be issued only to students
who have not been in residence for
the fall term.
Graduate Students: Registration
material for the Spring Term will be
available in the Graduate School Of-
fice beginning Feb. 13.
Application Forms For Fellowships
and Scholarships in the Graduate
School of the University for the year
1946-1947 may be obtained from the

their proposals in the Office of the
Graduate School by Friday, Feb. 8.
Those wishing to renew previous re-
quests whether now receiving support
or not should so indicate. Application
forms will be mailed or can be ob-
tained' at Secretary's Office, Room
1006 Rackham Building, Telephone
3 72.
Veterans:
All Veterans registerieng for the
spring term will receive a special yel-
low veterans-election card with regis-
tration materials. This card must be
carefully and completely executed,
particularly by those veterans who de-
sire federal benefits, and surrendered
when classification is completed at
either the gymnasium or the school
in which registering. The University
cannot certify to a veteran's enroll-,
ment norcan subsistence payments
be instituted until recorders have for-
warded these cards to the certifia-
tion office of the Veterans Service
Bureau.
A cademic Notices
1iological Chemistry Seminar will
meet today at 4 p.m., in Room 319
West Medical Building. The subject,
"Porphyrins-Porphyria" will be dis-
cussed. All interested are invited.
Concentration in English. Students
from A through K should arrange
for appointments with Dr. Morris
Greenhut in 3232 A.H.; students from
L through Z with Prof. J. L. Davis in
3228 A.H.
Exhibitions
Exhibit: "Guide fossils of the Jur-
rasic used in Petroleum Exploration
in Alaska," in the Rotunda, Univer-
sity Museums Building through Feb.
9.
Events Today
Geological Journal Club meets in
Rm. 4065, Nat. Sci. Bldg. at 12:15 to-
day. Program: L. W. Kellum, "Juras-
;ic Stratigraphy of southwest Alaska."
All interested are cordially invited to
attend.
Coffee hour: All students are cor-
dially invited to attend coffee hour at
Lane Hall today from 4:30 until 6:00.
Russian play tryouts will be held
Today at 4:30, in 2215 Angell Hall. All
interested are invited.
Michigan Christian Fellowship
Valentine Party will be held tonight
at 7:30 in Lane Hall.
The Acolytes will meet in the West
Conference Room of the Rackham
Building at 7:30 tonight. Professors
DeWitt Parker, Roy Sellars of the
Philosophy Department and Walter
Colby of the Physics Department will
discuss "A Philosophical Criticism of
Physical Relativity Theory."
Coming Events
Luncheon-Discussion at 12:00, Sat-
urday, Feb. 9, at Lane Hall. All stu-
dents are invited.
The Lutheran Student Association
will meet at the Center, 1304 Hill
Street, Saturday evening at 7:30 for
a Scavenger Hunt. Refreshments will
be served.
Westminster Guild r will have a
Skating Party, Saturday, Feb. 8, at 8
p.m. Refreshments will be served at
the church following skating at Burns
Park.
The Graduate Outing Club is plan-
ning a skating party for Sunday, Feb.
10. Those interested should sign up
and pay the supper fee at the check-
room desk in the Rackham Building
before Saturday noon. Skaters will
meet in the Outing Club rooms in the
Rackham Building at 2:30. Use north-
west entrance.



JIAIIABY

That's right, Pop. Mr. O'Malley,
my Fairy Godfather, has gone to
the library, To pick out a storry

l wish him a

Mr. OMalley? Did you
ni% t, , . -ann cnr'

ByCCockett~ Johnson
The Decline and Fall of the Roman empire,
m'boy. A thrilling ha'penny melodrama...
Replete with titanic conflicts. My, my,
_y,_ y,