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THE MICHIGAN DAILY

'PE'NESDAT, FEDUAY G 6,1946



GOOD AS EVER:
Private Business Opportunities
Have Not Diminished - Dignan

Opportunity for enterpri sing
young men to start their own busi-
ness is as great today as ever, Her-
man H. Dignan, Sec. of State, told
the members of 'the class in the vet-
erans' short courses in business man-
agement, offered in the School of
Business Administration.
When he first went into business
for himself 33 years ago, Dignan said,
he was told that there was little
possibility of success for an ambi-
tious young man going into business.
But then as now, he continued, it has
held true that whoever can do a
thing better than it is being done
will find a public to patronize him.
Dignan's talk is one of several
Unitied China
Rbelief To Have

Anniversary

0

The fifth anniversary tomorrow of
United China Relief will show more
than $40,000,000 contributed by the
American people to support a wide
variety of essential services in China
since 1941, Robert Klinger, assistant
counselor to foreign students and
chairman of the Ann Arbor organiza-
tion said yesterday.
In Ann Arbor the sale of Christmas
articles alone, Klinger said, netted
$427.05 for the fund this year. Cer-
tain articles, such as books and tea,
he pointed out, are still on sale at the
International Center.
UCR now carries on its activities
in 4300 communities as a member
agency of the National War Fund. Its
funds are administered in China for
medical aid, hospital and ambulance
services, child welfare, support of
students and colleges, and the indus-
trial cooperatives.

Women Vets

being offered to the class in vet-
erans' short courses in business
management by businessmen of
Michigan who own and operate
smaller business enterprises.
These men, representing various
types of businesses, have agreed to
give the veterans information in
those fields in which they are in-
terested. Their experience and prac-
tical advice will help solve questions
puzzling the veterans. The speakers
attempt to acquaint the veterans
with conditions in the actual busi-
ness world.
Similar talks have recently been
given by Kenneth C. Welch of the
Grand Rapids Store Equipment
Co., Lewis G. Christman, Sec. of
the Ann Arbor Chamber of Com-
merce, and George N. Hall, local
manager of Sears Roebuck and Co.
Among the men who will talk to
the class within the next few days
are Walter H. Wendell, of the Ap-
plied Arts Corp., Grand Rapids; C. L.
Holman, Wilson Brothers, Chicago;
and Dan W. Kimball, Owen-Ames-
Kimball Co., Grand Rapids. Paul
T. Kilborn, Consultant in Hotel
Management, Detroit; Henry A. Ren-
iger, Associated General Contractors,
Lansing; and John D. Morrison, Aud-
itor General of the State of Mich.,
will also speak to the veterans. ,
It has been suggested that each of
these men become an advisor of
one or more veterans who expect
to go into a similar line of work.
English Staff
Sends Paper
To Servicemen
Started as a medium for keeping
former students and staff members
in the service in touch with the Uni-
versity and each other, an English
Department "Newsletter" was begun
in November, 1942, and came out
monthly until last December.
The "Newsletter" was edited by
Prof. Morris Greenhut and Prof.
Richard C. Boys, both of the English
department. Averaging a dozen
mimeographed pages, the "Newslet-
ter" printed excerpts of letters from
the Michigan men at war. It also had
a column called "Miscellany" by Prof.
Boys and one called "Recording An-
gell" by Prof. Greenhut. "Miscel-
lany" reported the news of the cam-
pus with Prof. Boys adding his own
touches of humor. Prof. Greenhut
limited his news to happenings in An-
gell Hall.
The last issue of "Newsletter" came
out in December and had appropriate
touches of the Christmas spirit. A
more fancy issue, it had a designed
cover planned by Edward Calver of
the English department.
Club Meetings
Are Resumed
After discontinuing during the war,
the English Journal Club has begun
again this year with Darrel Abel of
the English department as president.
Organized for graduate students in
English, the Club offers them an op-
portunity to meet, to hold discussions,
and to listen to speakers.
Other officers of the Club include
Fred Stocking, vice-president; Prof.
Morris Greenhut of the English de-
partment, secretary; and Jack Ses-
sions, Robert Hayden, and Jack
Merewether, all of the English de-
partment, as members of the execu-
tive committee.
Buy victory Bonds!

Vets Need Aid
.Of Extension
Service - Fisher
Expansion of Existing
Facilities Necessary
Expansion of the University Exten-
sion Service's program for aiding
Michigan veterans to continue their
education while holding a job is
needed in the very near future, ac-
cording to Dr. Charles A. Fisher, head
of the Extension Service.
Need for such expansion was dis-
cussed by members of the extension
staff in their monthly business meet-
ing for February.
Night School
Miss Helen Gleason, in charge of
the Grand Rapids office, stressed the
need for more night school classes on
a freshman level. Married vets who
want to continue their education be-
yond the high school level but can't
take the time to go to college would
benefit especially from this. As re-
conversion proceeds and the business
situation improves, she said, veter-
ans will be leaving the campuses to
make money.
The veterans are being encouraged
to take advantage of the extension
centers near their homes and also of
correspondence courses.
Two Aids
Miss Gleason pointed out two spe-
cial means being used to aid veter-
ans. Vets' institutes are being used
so that those who have not yet fin-
ished high school can complete their
work at their own speed. In-service
training is provided in some cases-a
company hires a veteran and pays for
his education in the field at the same
time.
Mike Church, coordinator for the
Detroit area for the state office of
Veterans' Affairs and the Extension
Service, suggested that the Univer-
sity might well maintain a sort of
"separation center, so that the vets
that leave campus don't lose contact
entirely with the educational proc-
ess." The veterans would be informed
about the opportunities for continu-
ing their education on a smaller scale
through extension courses and cor-
respondence study.

PROF. MAUREIR SAYS:
Discussion Fosters Jderstanding of Different Views

I

By FRANCES PAINE
Editor's note: rThis is the second
in a series of interviews with Prof.
Maurer on the discussion group
which he conducts in Detroit. The
purpose of and need for such
groups will be discussed in later
articles.
The purpose of a true discussion
group is not that all members should
come into complete agreement on an
issue, but rather to arrive at an un-
derstanding of differing views that
men may live together for peace al-
though in disagreement.
True discussion tends to give men
appreciation of the constructive func-
tion of differences.
That is the observation which
Prof. Wesley H. Maurer of the
journalism department makes from
15 years of conducting such a dis-
cussion group once each week at
the Rackham Educational Memo-
rial in Detroit.
Current books on public affairs--
political, social, economic, philoso-
phical, religious, moral, legal, and
ideas in the realm of the arts and sci-
ences-have served as the basis for
discussion. The Detroit group is not
concerned so much with a criticism
of books as it is in getting from books
a thoughtful presentation of subject
matter which the group elects for
discussion.
"We have a definite discipline,

but it is imposed by the meimbers of
the group themselves," Prof. Maur-
er said. At each meeting a careful
abstract of the book is presented by
a member of the group or the
chairman for which a full hour is
given. Special professional occu-
pational, or business interests may
be represented by abstractors. For
instance, a lawyer may review a
report on railroad monopolies, a
pharmaceutical manufacturer may
review new books on medicine.
A deliberate and leisurely discus-
sion of the subject under considera-
tion follows. From two to two and a
half hours are given to this, and
sometimes, Prof. Maurer said, it is
quite difficult to bring the discussion
to an end. An after-meeting session
is frequently held at a nearby res-
taurant for those who feel they wish
to discuss the subject further.
Certain rules and procedures for
profitable discussion, worked out
through the years by the group, were
enumerated by Prof. Maurer:
(1) No subject, however, contro-
versial, is barred. Subjects are sug-
gested by chairman and by mem-
bers of the group and presented to
the group as a whole for approval
by majority vote. No subject has
ever been turned down because of
its controversial nature.
"Subjects that used to seem to be

touchy and that would ordinarily cre-
ate rancor and ill feeling are now
for many of us discussed tolerantly
and with good humor," Prof. Maurer
said.
(2) The group takes plenty of time
to deliberate on any subject. A group's
approach to a new subject is often in-
direct, with many side excursions, un-
til the subject is defined and until
proper distinctions are made, and
these side excursions are "the expe-
riments." The individual's approach
is much the same, but a group think-j
ing process seems at first more awk-
ward. The group, however, can think'
its way quite logically if given the
time and freedom.
(3) The chairman, contrary to
the general rules of this function,
has always been given by the group
the privilege of participating in, the
discussion. This privilege, however,
cannot interfere with. his objective
leadership.
(4) The chairman encourages the
discipline of the group to come from
the group. If an individual digresses
too far from the subject, or tends to-
ward too lengthy speeches, the mem-
bers of the group are encouraged to
interrupt tactfully and to lead the
discussion back to main principles
whenever it is apparent that the di-
gression is no .longer useful.
(5) The chairman also encour-

__ _ _ .

ages whatever summary of the
meeting shall be made by the
group. "If you give a group enough
time," Prof. Maurer said, "they
will come, not to a conclusion, for
they do not come together to con-
vert each other, but to a satisfying
concluding of the meeting. This
comes when all sides have had their
say and when some of the differ-
ences have been adequately exam-
ined.
The chairman recognizes the cru-
cial moment when some members of
the group are ready to give their sum-
mations. Not infrequently the sum-
mation is a group contribution, rarely
summarizes, since this is especially a
contribution which older members of
the group like to make.
One of the by-products of dis-
cussion, which Prof. Maurer has
come to regard as a vital objective
of discussion groups is the estab-
lishment of a spirit of friendliness.
"It is the spirit of comraderie that
comes out of a meeting of minds-not
an agreement of minds but a meeting
of minds," he said. "I have come to
know members of this group and
members have come to know each
other in ways different from the hap-
penstance friendships. The fellow-
3hip we experience here is a factor
that brings many of us together year
after year."

0 0

(Continued from Page 1)
that group. They were really casual-
ties, and the general run was badly
shot up," she said.
Nazis Doubted War News
"In every group there was at least
one Nazi who could read English,
and he would read, say, the 'Stars
and Stripes' to the rest of the group
and they would howl at the news;"
Miss Bugbee said. "They believed it
was only propaganda - or at least
acted as if they thought so."
Miss Bedell landed in Naples Oct.
17, 1943, with her unit, the first
permanent hospital in the European
Theatre of Operations.
"The 82nd Airborne were our
boys," she added. Later she trans-
ferred to the 33rd General Hospital
in Rome, where a 2,400-bed hospital
was set up, and then she went to
Naples. ,
Nurses Meet Pope
An audience with the Pope was a
treasured mempry for both nurses,
who were impressed by "his great
dignity," as Miss Bedell expressed
it. 'They also enjoyed the sight of
silk- and satin-garbed Swiss Guards
at the Vatican.
"With their spears and pointed-
toe shoes they look as if they had
stepped out of a Sir Galahad tale,"
Miss Bedell said. Miss Bugbee char-
acterized them as court jesters.
"I saw a lot of misery and a lot
of happiness too. I wouldn't trade
my overseas experience for any-
thing," Miss Bedell said, in summing
up her impressions.
MUSBE!1

Kiallenbach .

0 r

(Continued from Page 1)
winning control of the House of
Representatives both in 1946 and
1948, though there is not as much
chance of their gaining control of
the Senate before 1948," Kallenbach
contended. "To achieve the latter
goal in 1946, the Republicans would
have to capture nine out of 16 Senate
seats outside the 'Solid South', now
held by Democrats. This is possible
but not probable."
As for the Democrats, he de-
clared, they will have to renomi
nate President Truman if he wants
to run because they must stand on
his record. However, if he should
choose to withdraw, the race for
the Democratic nomination would
be wide open. Since the present
trouble of the FEPC bill andi other
labor legislation has re-emphasized
the rift between the northern and
southern Democrats, the fight for
nomination might easily cause a
hopeless split and they would have
little chance.
"An important factor in the 1946
and 1948 elections, while not directly
concerned with party politics, will
be what happens to the economy of
the nation between now and then,"
Prof. Kallenbach said. "If the Dem-
ocrats should manager to end the
present wave of strikes, bring about
full production and succeed in main-
taining the high wartime level of
national income, or something near
it, the coming election battles will
be extremely tough for the Republi-
cans. Good times always work to the
benefit of the party in power, while,
conversely, hard times benefit the
opposition party."

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