PAGE six THE MICHIGAN DAILY F MAY, NGVFTvMF,, 16, 1945 PAGE SiX FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1945 I PROXIMITY FUZE: Secret Weapon's Development Aided By 'U' Scientists' Tests In a lonely field one mile from D-~- boro village, near Ann Arbor, two members of the University's physics department for three years experi- mented with the proximity fuze, a secret weapon that ranked with radar and the atomic bomb in speeding Allied victory. The radio proximity, or "VT," fuze, detonates anti-aircraft shells within 70 feet of the target, thus enabling gunners to score a much greater per- centage of "hits" than with ordinary timed fuzes. A tiny radio set in the fuze sends out waves which, when "echoed" back by the enemy aircraft , detonate the shell. Grim Background With a background of Germany's aerial threat to Britain and the threat of war for America, Professors H. R. Crane and David M. Dennison began their experiments in September, 1941. 'StudentsITo Get Training Jobs Experience in a business enterprise for a few months is planned for stu- dents in the School of Business Ad- ministration Dean Russell A. Steven- son announced yesterday, in an ad- dress at the Business Administration Convocation. Discussing the character and pur- pose of the school, he said that the program is designed to give a broad general. education in the first two years of college and a certain amount of specialization in fields such as ac- counting and marketing in the two years spent in the business admini- stration school. Plans for a student organization were also discussed at the convoca- tion. A student committee will be appointed by Dean Stevenson to set up this organization. Assisted by 25 other University scien- tists, they tested the proximity fuze on a miniature scale on a three-acre proving ground among the -gravel pits of Dixboro. Exact scale models of enemy air- craft, built in the physics department, were used in the tests. The models were attached to a rope suspended between two 70-foot poles and were towed over a miniature VT fuze by means of a power windlass. The fuze was not exploded in these experi- ments, but the precise location of the model plane, in relation to the fuze. at the instant of assumed fire, was re- corded on a photographic film in a control station on the ground. Results of Tests As a result of the tests the distance from the plane at which the shell would explode and the angle at which the exploded particles would be spread, were determined. The cost of Uie professors' experi- ments was over a quarter of a mil- lion dollars. The entire cost of de- veloping and perfecting the fuze has been estimated at $800,000,000. First research on the fuze was undertaken by Dr. Merle A. Tuve, of the CarnegiebInstitution,in 1940. Pro- fessor Crane assisted him for eight months before beginning his tests here. Deadly in Battle In battle the proximity fuze proved deadly effective against enemy air- craft and the Nazis' V-1 bomb. On the last day of the V-1 attacks, 104 were detected by early-warning radar, but only four reached London. About 16 malfunctioned before reaching the coast and anti-aircraft, using VT fuzes, accounted for 68. The most difficult problem facing scientists was a means of "packing" the tiny radio set into a shell so that it would withstand the shock of being shot from a gun. Highest Veteran Enrollment Is Forestry Claim The School of Forestry and Conser- vation, with 48 students who are ex-- servicemen comprising 60 per cent ofi the total enrollment, believes it has' the highest proportion of veterans of. any school on campus. Of these 48 men, 31 were in the Army, 10 in the Navy and seven in the Marine Corps. Many had long overseas service in the various war theatres, with an average of 15 months each. Ernest Woodman, a transfer stu- dent from the University of Alabama,. has both the longest service record- 67 months-and the most time spent overseas-nearly three years. Mr. Woodman entered the Army shortly after receiving his bachelor's degree in 1940 and served as a combat artil- lery officer in the North African and European Theatres, attaining the rank of lieutenant colonel. Nobel Winners Are Announced STOCKHOLM, Nov. 15-(A)-The 1945 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Lucila Godoy Y Al- cayaga of Chile, who writes lyric poe- try under the name of Gabriela Mis- tral, it was announced today. Other Nobel Prize winners were announced as follows: Prof. Wolgang Pauli, atomic re- search expert of the institute of ad- vanced studies at Princeton, N. J., the 1945 award in physics. Prof. Otto Hahn, German author- ity on radio-activity and the atom, the 1944 award in chemistry. Artturi Wirtanen, Finnish bio- chemist, the 1945 award in chemistry. Pauli, 45, a native of Vienna, is one of the foremost figures in atomic re- search. His award, made by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, was for his work on the "exclusion prin- ciple." Hahn, 66, received his award for discovery of a method of breaking the heavy atom nucleus. The Ger- man radiologist is credited with the discovery of the substances of radio- thor, mesothorium and protactinium. Wirtanen received his award for discoveries relating to agricultural and food chemistry. Christian Fellowship Will Give Series of Lectures A series of messages on the Gospel, sponsored by the Michigan Christian Fellowship, will be delivered from Nov. 18 through Dec. 16, it was an- nounced yesterday. The first lecture will be given by Rev. Howard Sugden of Jackson whose topic will be "The Nature and Person of God." All meetings are open to the public and will be held from 4:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. in Lane Hall. Health Course Commended By Foundation The important role the Universit y has played in the promotion of health education was commended yesterday in an interview with Miss Sally Lucas Jean, Educational Director of the Na- tional Foundation for Infantile Pa- ralysis. "The University was one of the first schools in the nation to offer public health courses," she said, and added that the great body of knowledge regarding health is of little value unless it is applied in daily living. Health education leaders, she con- tinued, endeavor to fill the gap be- tween knowledge and practice. Miss Jean has been lecturing across the country bringing to the public the newest facts discovered about in- fantile paralysis and the March of Dimes, which is sponsored by the Foundation. Last year Washtenaw County raised $18,384 in the campaign, the highest amount raised by any county in the state, Miss Jean said. In 1945 there have been eight cases of infantile paralysis in the county. The Washtenaw County Chapter of the National Foundation supplies funds for medical and hospital care of all cases needing help, Miss Jean said. Clements Library Has CI News Publications From the out of the way spots where American servicemen are sta- tioned, the Clements Library War Historical Collection has received publications of interest and historical value. The first editions of "Stars and Stripes" published in Tokyo and Shanghai are here. The Shanghai edition sold for two cents in Ameri- can money or ten dollars in Chinese money. From India the collection has re- ceived "India Ink," and "Tiger Rag." The "Foxhole Observer" is printed in the South Pacific and "Guinea Gold" circulates in New Guinea and Aus- tralia. The "Thistle Whistle" is pub- lished on board the ship "Thistle" and "T.N.T." is an abbreviation for Trinidad News Tips. The "Zero Beat" is published in East Africa and others are the "Goat's Whisker," "The Per- sian Gulf Dispatch," and the "C.B.I. IRound-Up.'' Harvard Report To Be Discussed John Sessions, instructor in the Department of English willb e the speaier at the Saturday Luncheon !Discussion at noon tomorrow in the Fireplace Room of Lane Hail, He will review the report of the Harvard Committee, "General Ed- tication in a Pree Society." The Harvard Report deals with the question, "How can general education be so adapted to differ- ent ages and above all, different outlooks, so that it can appeal deeply to each, yet remain in goal and essential teachings the same for all?" Reservations for the luncheon should be made with Pat Kelly, University extension 2148, by 10:00 a. m. Saturday. All students are also invited to attend the informal Coffee Hour this afternoon at 4:30 p. m. in the library of Lane Hall. The Board in Control of Student Publications, to which two student representatives will be elected Dec. 15, is composed of faculty, student and alumni members who supervise and make staff appointments to The Daily, the Michiganensian, the Gar- goyle and the Student Directory. Meeting at regular intervals throughout the year, the Board makes senior editor appointments to all pub- lications and approves all other ap- pointments. The Board acts as an intermediary body between publica- tion staffs and the University. While it exercises supervisory power, it is not a board of censors. Supervision is also exercised over publication financial business. The board approves a yearly operation budget and all non-operation expend- itures are subject to Board consider- ation. The three student representatives of the board represent campus opinion ELECTION GUIDE: Students Represent Campus Opinion on Board in Control and two members represent the alum- ni. The iemainer of tue Board is composed of six facutlty represent- atives. The two student representatives to be chosen in the comwing electsin will hold office for one year. Faculty representatives are Prof. G. E. Densmore, chairman of the speech department, Board chairman- Prof. Merwin H. Waterman, seurit tary of the School of Business Admmi- istration, Board secretary -treasurer; Prof. Hobart Coffey of the Law School; Prof. Carl E. Burkiund, of the College of Engineering; Prof. Palmer A. Throop, of the history department and Joseph A. Bursley, Dean of Stu- dents. Leigh A. White, public relations di- rector of the Detroit News, and Webb McCall, Michigan newspaper editor, are the alumni representatives and Robert Hume is the remaining stu- dent member. Buy Victory Bonds Tastes lk1 hm 4\ .r MITTENSr All 100% Wool Handknit in popular colors.: Ear Muffs to Match. BUNNY FUR MITTENS Regular and gauntlet styles. 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