TIHE M1ICHIGAN DAILY
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1945
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Eisenhower To SucceedMarshall
INTERVENTION IN CHIN A:
Declaration of Independence Betrayed
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NIGHT EDITOR: CLAYTON DICKEY
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Buy ISD Daily
TOMORROW is International Students' Day,
to be celebrated by students in all the allied
nations in memory of those who lost their lives
at the hands of the Nazis Nov. 17, 1939, at
Charles University in Prague.
Tomorrow also, at Charles University, the
World Student Conference will assemble, and
continue the work of the conference, which ad-
journed in London Tuesday. In London the
World Federation for Democratic Youth was or-
ganized and a statement of main principles was
formulated.
The international cooperation of youth in or-
der to help eliminate fascism and better the con-
ditions of youth of all races and creeds, which
the constitution of the WFDY calls for, will not
succeed undess the new organizations receive
the interest and support of every one of us. First
of all it is vitally necessary to repair the damages
of war to the foreign universities which have seen
their equipment demolished, their student bodies
depleted.
And that's where the students of the Uni-
versity of Michigan come into the picture. To-
morrow the members of the SOIC will sell spe-
cial editions of the Daily, the proceeds to aid
some foreign university which will be chosen
by campus election. That is, for the present,
our small part of the job which has to be done
by students in rebuilding the world. Let's all
buy a Daily and give as much as we can to-
ward this cause which is so vital to us.
-Frances Paine
World Unity
" MORE alert and better informed public
opinion throughout the world" is urged in a
recent interview in the Detroit Free Press by
Cordell Hull, winner of the 1945 Nobel Peace
Prize.
Hull added that "it is imperative that there
be continued unity, friendly understanding and
common effort among the people and states-
men of the major United Nations." In the
same issue of the paper the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza-
tion announces that its objectives are freedom
from censorship, international exchange of
scholars and world cultural cooperation.
What could be more conducive to the attain-
ment of Mr. Hull's goals of a better informed
public opinion and a friendly understanding
among the people of the United Nations and the
world than the realization of the objectives of
this organization? Only by getting foreign news
free from censorship and coloring can we ex-
pect to begin to understand the people and
events in other countries. And it is only by un-
derstanding these other inhabitants of the earth
that we can hope to preserve peace and civiliza-
tion.
One of the chief complaints of American for-
eign correspondents before the war was that
foreign news was corrupt at its sources, the of-
ficial press bureaus. If we can see to it that
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON.-President Truman this week
will announce the resignation of Gen. George
C. Marshall as chief of staff and the appoint-
ment of Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower to succeed
him.
Eisenhower's appointment will be effective
Monday. General Marshall, who is now past
the retirement age, will go to his home near
Leesburg, Va, retiring from the Army alto-
gether. A graduate of Virginia Military Insti-
tute, he is one of the few non-West Pointers
to serve as chief of staff.
Lieut. Gen. Joseph T. McNarney, former dep-
uty chief of staff, is expected to succeed Eisen-
hower as' commander of the American Army in
Germany.
Gen. Lucius Clay will return to Germany to
continue in charge of the civil administration of
Germany.
Eisenhower is expected to institute a con-
siderable shake-up of the general staff in
Washington. Most of the older men who sur-
rounded General Marshall will be transferred
or retired, and Eisenhower will bring in some of
the younger men who served with him in Eu-
rope.
The shake-up probably.means that the rem-
nants of the MacArthur clique in the War De-
partment will exit. Friends of Eisenhower recall
the day when he served under MacArthur in the
Philippines and was fired. They consider his re-
turn to the states the best break Eisenhower ever
had. While Eisenhower is not a man to bear
grudges, Quentin Reynolds, Colliers' war corres-
pondent, tells the story of playing gin rummy
with Eisenhower and Gen. "Toughy" Spaatz and
asking Ike if he knew MacArthur.
"Know him!" replied Eisenhower. "Hell, I
studied dramatics under him for fouryears."
Boomed for White House
WHEN Admiral Dewey returned triumphant
from capturing the Philippines in the Span-
ish-American war, newsmen asked the conquer-
ing hero wfiether he was a Democrat or a Repub-
lican. The Admiral wasn't quite sure which. That
ended the Dewey boom for President.
Today, Gen. Dwight Eisenhower, the new
chief of staff, has returned and may be put in
the same position as Admiral Dewey. Both
parties are considering new blood for 1948.
GOP leaders are convinced that, given a candi-
date who can win labor votes yet not aliente
the Hoover conservatives, they can win. Ob-
viously, Eisenhower is important presidential
timber.
Popular impression is that Eisenhower is a
Republican. He was appointed to West Point
from the rock-ribbed Republican State of Kan-
sas by GOP Senator Joseph B. Bristow. And no-
body in those days could get anywhere in Kan-
sas unless he was a Republican.
However, though it may be news to GOP
leaders, Dwight Eisenhower put himself on
record early in life as a Democrat. Further-
more, he was an energetic William Jennings
Bryan Democrat, and in November 1909 made
a speech at the annual Democratic banquet
held in Abilene, Kans. The other speakers
were older and seasoned Kansas Democrats;
but Dwight Eisenhower, then only 19, was
picked to stand up with them and harangue
the crowd. He did.
Eisenhower's speech, hitherto overlooked by
politicians and delvers into the General's past, is
printed in black and white in the files of the
Abilene News, then the Democratic paper of the
town.
I am indebted for this information to J. W.
Howe now of Emporia, Kans. Howe not only
published the Abilene News, but was a member
of the school board and knew young Dwight bet-
ter than anyone outside his own family.
The Abilene News office was headquarters for
a group of high school boys who came there to
discuss their problems, talk sports and politics,
read the papers and do odd jobs for the paper. J.
W. Howe says of Eisenhower:
"Dwight liked to read the exchange news-
papers from out of town. He never complained
about working, seeming to take that for
granted. In school discussions, he was always
for the under-dog and contended we needed a
somewhat better distribution of wealth."
William Jennings Bryan at that time had
made many speeches in Abilene and the young
folks liked to hear him. In fact, Bryan made
some definite inroads on the Republicans. The
Republican party at that time was beginning to
be split into two groups, led by Taft and Teddy
Roosevelt. The fight in Abilene was bitter and
this was the situation when Dwight Eisenhower
started out in 1909 to get the proper endorse-
ments to enter West Point.
tight, West Poit
rrHE EISENHOWER family had no political
pull-on the contrary. Dwight's father was
listed as a Democrat, though he took little part
in politics. Dwight himself was more active than
his father, but whatever pull he had was with
the Democrats. However, the factional Republi-
can fight helped him. Editor Howe, the town's
chief Democratic leader, advised Dwight to go
get the endorsement of Phil W. Heath, editor of
the Abilene Chronicle and spokesman for the
"square-deal" Republicans; also to get the en-
dorsement of Charles M. Harger, editor of the
Abilene Reflector, spokesman for the "stand-
pat" Republicans.
Since Young Eisenhower was not allied with
either faction, Heath and Harger were very
friendly, and gladly gave him their support.
Thus, he was able to obtain not only the endorse-
ment of the Democrats, but of both Republican
factions-a real compliment to his standing in
the community.
Eisenhower's first and only venture into poli-
tics occurred while he was taking post-gradu-
ate work at the Abilene high school, prepara-
tory to West Point. Chief speaker at the Demo-
cratic banquet was George H. Hodges, later
governor of Kansas. Dwight's subject was
."The Student in Politics."
(Copyright, 1945, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
I'D R ATHER BE RIGH T:
Dream 011(1d
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
THERE is something dream-like in the manner
in which we Americans are settling down to
the best-fed winter in our history, at a time when
most of the world is hungering. It is as if we
could not hear and could not see. The New York
Times has just published two solid pages of
country-by-country accounts of the winter Eu-
rope faces, "one of the blackest, saddest winters
since the chaos of the Thirty Years' War." These
stories tell us how our friends in Europe are dy-
ing, the old and the young, the generations least
contaminated by fascism. And while we know
this, we act and operate as if we did not know.
Like characters in a dream, we plague our-
selves with unreal questions: Why don't Euro-
peans and GIs like each other! What a two-
cent mystery that is! How can the hungry and
the well-fed like each other, in any country, in
any time? We cannot afford to see straight,
and we are afraid to look. But we are aware
that something is wrong on the Continent,
and so from time to time we stir uneasily, and
dish out moral principles. And it is dream-like
to sit in a well-warmed church and offer an
unimplemented freedom of religion to a people
who must go to church without a roof, on feet
without shoes.
Our Department of Agriculture announces, on
the same day on which the Times' monumental
hunger round-up appears, that Americans may
look forward to the largest per capita food sup-
plies in their history next year; we shall have 11
per cent more, per person, than in the years im-
mediately before the war. It is as if fate were
twisting the statistics deliberately, ours up, the
rest of the world's down, to make the contrast
as vivid as possible.
This is the world of 1945-46, then; an island
of satiety in a sea of want. And how shall we
speak to the world across this barrier, and in
what voice? Speak somehow we must, for
America is too big and too important to dare to
be a lotus-land, whose inhabitants eat and
lapse into contented dreams.
[T IS not my purpose to scold, for we are a
great people, the most generous in the world,
and stinginess is not the problem. The tragedy
goes deeper than that. It is that our sense of
contact with the world is still new and young,
and, in situations like this one, it tends to snap.
We shall be truly a world power when he can
have a President who could at a moment like
this one, rise to inform us that food rationing
must be resumed at once to save the planet which
makes a frame for our greatness; and when we
would answer him with: "Why, of course."
That this is considered a political impossi-
bility today is a measure, not of our stingi-
ness, but of our lack of conviction. We reserve
our sense of being a world power for such oc-
casions as when we talk of armaments, and
of the spread of our principles; but on other
issues we still wobble between being a world
power and an out-of-the-world power. We
keep the atomic bomb because, we say, we are
the greatest power in the world, and we are en-
titled to it; it is in "righteous hands;" but to
hold the world's greatest supply of food is a re-
sponsibility of a not dissimilar kind.
Yet Congress has dawdled so long on the last
UNRRA installment of $550,000,000 that the gift,
when it is finally made, will be a dish of very
cold soup, and it has not started work at all on
next year's appropriation, and Mr. Lehman,
waiting outside the Capitol, begins more and
more to resemble one of his own homeless
charges.
And it is the curious twisting of motives in-
volved that makes us seem so like dreamers.
For the urgency ought to be all on our side; an
urgent desire to preserve our greatness by pre-
serving the world in which we are great. Who
but the most fortunate member of the com-
munity has the greatest interest in keeping the
community going? But we munch and nap and
munch again and smile as we survey our se-
cret dream of a world of which we can be a
part, and yet out of which we can step, when
out of it we want to step.
(Copyright, 1945, N. Y. Post Syndicate)
T HE statesmen who ordered the 12,-
000 marines of the Sixth Divisioni
to train their guns oi the ChineseI
Communists while the Nationalists
invaded the Shantung Peninsula
would do well to read our own Ameri-
can declaration of independence.
The Yenan government, as did
the colonists in 1776, finds it nec-
essary to dissolve the political
bands which have connected it with
the parent government, "and to as-
sume among the Powers of the
earth, the separate and equal sta-
tion to which the Laws of Nature
and of Nature's God entitle them."
Mao-Tse-Tsung and the other
Communist leaders, like Thomas Jef-
ferson and the fellow radicals of his
time, hold certain truths to be self
evident. What are these truths?-
the same truths which inspired the
American War of Independence:
". ..that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Crea--
tor with certain inalienable rights,
that among these are Life, Liberty
and the pursuit of Happiness. That
to secure these rights, Governments
are instituted among Men, deriving
their just powers from the consent of
the governed, That whenever any
Form of Government becomes de-
structive of these ends, it is the Right
of the People to alter or to abolish it,
and to institute new Government,
laying its foundation on such princi-
ples and organizing its powers in
such form, as to them shall seem most
likely to effect their Safety and Hap-
piness... when a long train of abuses
and usurpations, pursuing invariably
the same Object evinces a design to
reduce them under absolute Despot-
ism, it is their right, it is their duty,
to throw off such Government, and to
provide new Guards for their future
security."
These are courageous words, mili-
tant words, spoken by a people who
faced the Despot almost unarmed,
with few resources and little organi-
zation. The colonists, unable to en-
gage in mass military engagements,
Troops
IT IS impossible to glance at a news-
paper and not find some article
yelping about the slow movement of
'troopsback to the states. Someone
wants to know why the government
found a means to ship them over
quickly but is stumped when it comes
to getting them home. Another com-
plains that the men of the Armed
Forces should at least have priority
over horses, machinery and someone's
pet parrot. Other persons exclaim that
needed planes shouldnot be used to
transport officials to their favorite
hunting grounds.
Authorities in charge have man-
aged to mouth excuses in an effort
to disarm the wrathful public but
to my knowledge no legitimate ex-
cuse has been offered for the Navy
pay spree. It was a splendid sight
to see the ships anchored in single
file in the Hudson River.
But while preparations were being
made for the Navy Day festivities,
there were men sitting on Guam,
Guadalcanal, Saipan, all over the
world-waiting to come home. For
most of them the fighting is over and
they have no means of occupying the
endless days other than by reading
stories of the avalanche of strikes in
the United States, biting their nails,
and wondering what is wrong, where.
The ships in New York Harbor
could have alleviatedthe situation
somewhat. They should have been
loading troops now on islands or in
Europe and Japan. The Missouri or
the Enterprise or the Boise lose
prestige when challenged by the
soldiers' "What about us?"
-Barbara Snell
Football Seats
EDITOR'S NOTE: In view of campus in-
terest in the issue of student seating at
football games, the Daily reprints ex-
cerpts from an editorial in the Purdue
Exponent.
W RANGLING, discussions and op-
inions have run hot and heavy
among the student body this falll
concerning the sale of football ticketsE
to games played away and also con-
cerning the students' seat at the
games played here at home.
First of all-the war put its finger
into football and basketball seating
arrangements.
Concerning the present sections of
seats given to students-the sections
start at the fifty yard line and go
north, while the alumni sections start
at the same spot and go south.
That's the story-and we don't
believe it is nearly as bad as all the
scuttlebutt makes it sound.
fought in guerilla bands without uni-
forms and with makeshift equip-
ment.
The people of North China have
fought in the same manner, against
tyranny from without and within.
Here the parallel ends, however.
When America revolted against
George III, France sent Lafayette
with an equipped division to aid
the colonists in their fight 'for free-
dom. The United States, born of
revolution, has sent a division, too.
But the 12,000 Marines of the
Sixth Division fight not on the
side of liberty but on the side of
tyranny.
In this struggle between
Chungking dictatorship and
Yenan democracy, which latter
the
the
has
already accomplished miracles in bet-
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Pubilcation in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angell Hall, by 3:30 p. m. of the day
preceding publication (11:00 a. m. Sat-
urdays).
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1945
VOL. LVI, No. 14
Notices
Transfer Students: Beginning Fri-
day, Nov. 16, the staff of the Circu-
lation Department of the General
Library will instruct freshmen in the
use of the Library. Transfer students
who wish to take advantage of the
opportunity may do so by presenting
themselves at Room 110, General Li-
brary, at the following hours:
Friday, Nov. 16: 9, 10, 11 a. m.;
2 p.m.
Monday, Nov. 17, 11 a. m.; 2 or 3
p. m.
Wednesday, November 21, 1 p. m.
Choral Union Members, in good
standing, will please call for their
courtesy passes for the Uninsky con-
cert on the day of the concert Mon-
day, Nov. 19, between the hours of
9:30 and 11:30 and 1 and 4, at the
offices of the University Musical So-
ciety, Burton Memorial Tower. Pas-
ses will not be issued after 4 o'clock.
Charles A. Sink, President.
All Graduate Students who have
entered the University for the first
time this fall will be required to take
the Graduate Record examination on
Dec. 12 and 13. Students expecting
the Master's degree in February must
take the examination to be eligible
for the degree. Applications must be
filed in room 1008 Rackham by Sat-
urday noon, Nov. 17.
Faculty, College of Literature, Sci-
ence, and the Arts: Attendance report
cards are being distributed through
the departmental offices. Instruct-
ors are requested to use green cards
for reporting freshmen and sopho-
mores, and buff cards for reporting
juniors and seniors. Reports of fresh-
men and sophomores should be sent
to the Office of the Academic Coun-
selors, 108 Mason Hall; those of jun-
iors and seniors to 1220 Angell Hall.
Please note especially the regula-
tions concerning three-week absences,
and the time limits for dropping
courses. The rules relating to ab-
sences are printed on the attendance
cards. They may also be found on
Page 46 of the 1945-46 Fall Term
Announcement of our College.
E. A. Walter
Students, College of Literature,
Science, and the Arts: Students who
fail to file their election blanks by
the close of the third week of the
Fall Term (Nov. 21), even though
they have registered, and have at-
tended classes unofficially, will for-
feit their privilege of continuing in
the College.
E. A. Walter
To the Faculty and Students of the
College of Literature, Science, and
the Arts: Beginning Monday, Nov.
12, the Office of Admissions with Ad-
vanced Standing will be open only
during the following hours: Monday-
Friday, 11-12 and 2-4; Saturday 9-12.
Identification Pictures will be taken
in Room 7, Angell Hall in the follow-
ing order for students who registered
Monday, Oct. 29 (the first day of
registration). Please bring your reg-
istration receipt. The photographic
room will be open from 8:00 a. m. to
5:00 p. m. daily including the noon
hour.
New Freshmen and New Transfer
Students:
R-Z Wednesday, Nov. 14
Lectures
University Lecture: Vladimir D.
Kazakevich, lecturer for the Com-
mittee on Education of the National
Council of American-Soviet Friend-
ship, New York, will lecture on the
subject, "Russia's Economy and Post-
war Reconstruction" at 4:15 p. in.
today in the Rackham Amphithea-
tre, under the auspices of the Depart-
ment of Economics. The public is
cordially invited.
Academic Notices
Biological Chemistry Seminar will
meet today at 4 p. in., in 319 West
Medical Building. "Epinephrine. II.
Biological Studies" will be discussed.
All interested are invited.
English 143: Copies of Hatcher's
Modern Dramas are in the bookstores.
Make-Up Examination: Political
Science I and Political Science II:
Wednesday, Nov. 21, 4-6 p. in., Room
2035 Angell Hall.
Concerts
Alexander Uninsky, Russian pianist,
will give the third concert in the
Choral Union Series Monday evening,
Nov. 19, at 8:30 o'clock, in Hill Audi-
torium. The program will consist of
compositions, by Scarlatti, Beethoven,
Prokofieff, Chopin, Debussy, and Liszt.
A limited number of tickets are
available at the offices of the Univer-
sity Musical Society in Burton Me-
morial Tower; and at the box office
in Hill Auditorium after seven o'clock
on the night of the performance.
Charles A. Sink, president.
Events Today
Soph Cabaret Try-outs for the-
dancing chorus of the floor show have
been reopened. All sophomore women
interested in participating are urged
to come out 3:30 to 4:30 today n the
Garden Room of The League.
Angell Hall Observatory will be
open to visitors tonight from 7:30 to
9:30 if the sky is clear, to observe
the Moon. Children must be accom-
panied by adults.
Coming Events
The Westminster Guild of the First
Presbyterian Church will have a "Fall
Fall-In" (Hard-time party), Saturday
night, beginning at 7:30. Jane Dahl-
berg and Lardener Moore are the
Social Committee. Miss Frances
Goodfellow will lead the Social Folk
Dancing.
The Westminster Guild of the First
Presbyterian Church will have a spe-
cial program on Korea on Sunday,
Nov. 18, at 5:00 p. m. Mrs. Esson
M. Gale will speak. Charles and
Grace Kim, students from Korea will
give musical selections. Following the
program there will be a supper and
group singing. This is an open meet-
ing and anyone interested is invited.
hillel Foundation Dramatic and
Music groups will hold try-outs Sat-
urday, Nov. 17, from 10 to 12 a. in.,
and Monday, Nov. 19, from 3 to 5
p. m. at Hillel. All interested en-
tertainers are welcome. Prepare a six
minute selection showing your tal-
ents to the best advantage. Accompa-
nist provided.
A.I.EE. The first meeting of the
fall term of the Michigan Student
Branch of the American Institute of
Electrical Engineers will be held Tues-
day, Nov. 20, at 7:30 p. in., in the
Michigan Union. Mr. George Chute
of General Electric will speak on "Re
cent Trends in Industrial Electron-
ics." All students of electrical. engi-
neering and all others interested are
invited.
Le Cercle Francais will hold its
tering the lives of over 100 million
Chinese, our diplomats have chosen
to support a regime so guilty of op-
pression that no one will defend it on
ideological grounds.
Have we learned nothing from
the terrible war just ended? Are
we to repeat the mistakes of the
so-called non-intervention policy
in Spain which amounted to sanc-
tioning the Fascist forces, our in-
clusion of Argentina among the
United Nations and other mistakes
too numerous to mention?
If you are a democratic Ameri-
can, an American proud of the
principles laid down by Jefferson
which have so long guided this
nation, write or wire President
Truman protesting American inter
vention in China.
-Betty Roth
_ __
By Crockett Johnson.
BARNABY