PAGE TODU

THE MICRIGAN DAILY

THURSDAY, FEB. 8, 1945

I I -


Fifty-Fifth Year

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
U.S. Organization Aims Stopped

7# _-~

II,

- . . . x na- - -- - -
Edited and managed by students of the University
of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.

Evelyn Phillips
Stan _Wallace
Lay Dixon
Hank Mantho
Dave Loewen berg
Mavis Kennedy

Editorial Staff
. . . . * Managing Editor
* . . . City Editor
Associate Editor
* . * . * Sports Editor
. . Associate Sports Editor
Women's Editor
Business Staff

Lee Amer ..
Barbara Chadwick
June Pomering
Telephone

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Associate Business Mgr.
Associate Business Mgr.
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NIGHT EDITOR: ARTHUR J. KRAFT
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the Views of the writers only.

By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-The inside story of how cer-
tain U.S. agencies were blocked in their
effort to build up an anti-Hitler committee of
Germans to help defeat the Nazis can now be
told. It is especially significant in view of the
committee -of 10,000 Germans which the Rus-
sians have organized inside Russia, and whose
broadcasts to the German people from Russia
speeded the amazing advance of the Red Army
across Poland.
The German committee inside Russia is
headed by Field Marshial Friedrich Von Paulus,
former commander at Stalingrad and by his
Deputy Commander, Gen. Wilhelm Von Seyd-
litz. Their broadcasts have told the Germans
and especially the German generals that the
Russians did not seek to destroy their factories
or their country, but only to throw off the yoke
of the Hitlerites. They have also contacted
many German generals and won over thou-
sands of prisoners without Tiring a shot.
More than two years ago, Gen. William Dono-
van's office of strategic services started to do
the same thing. They actually organized an
embryo committee of anti-Hitler Germans, head-
ed by a minister in the old Bruening cabinet,
who also was a strong Catholic leader. (Bruen-
ing is now teaching at Harvard.) Most of the
German committee were Catholic moderates or
leftists, all strong anti-Hitlerites.
However, a few weeks after the committee
was started, the State Department heard about
it and suddenly called a halt. OSS officials al-
ways suspected the hand of Hugh Wilson, ex-
Ambassador to Germany, in this. Wilson, then
a member of the OSS, had leaned toward rightist
German groups when he was Ambassador to
Berlin and had little use for groups of the left.
His colleagues in the OSS, however, believed that
the way to build a counter-political attack
against Hitler was with strong Catholic leaders
of the left and center.
At any rate, the American move to work
inside Germany through the office of strate-
gic services was stooped short in its tracks,
while the Russians continued to build up their
powerful German committee.
Psychological Warfare Stymied.. .
Meanwhile, however, the U.S. Army had set
up its psychological warfare division which was
to spread propaganda inside Germany, though
on a more modified scale. However, its work
also has been stymied in many areas through
the failure of old-line Army men to understand
the value of psychological warfare.
For instance, plans were drawn up for the
psychological warfare division to establish a
German-language newspaper as soon as we took
Aachen. Aachen was to be a guinea-pig, pro-
viding experience for PWD in overseeing pro-
duction of newspapers for the German popula-
tion. When the city was taken, PWD immediate-
ly sent three men from Paris to survey the facili-
ties in Aachen for presses, equipment, news-
print and skilled personnel.
Thus far nothing has been accomplished-in
fact, the divisional commander at Aachen has
not yet permitted the PWD team inside the

city. There were several weeks prior to the
German break-through of December during
which the newspaper could have been started,
but nothing was accomplished, and there has
been no progress since. Result is that our for-
ces will break into Germany and take over
scores of German newspaper with no part of
the Army yet having had any experience in
directing a German newspaper.
Meanwhile the Russians have built up an
organization ready to set up a complete new
German government with its own propaganda
system all operating under the direction of Mos-
cow.
Congressman Explodes. .
Representative Dewey Short of Missouri gave
the brass hats some of the plainest talk on the
floor of Congress for a long time. He accused
them of trying to cover up their mistakes by
demanding passage of the work-or-fight bill.
"Generals and admirals should stay in their
place," stormed the leading Republican Con-'
gressman from Missouri. "They have an ap-
plied science to prosecute this war. They are
the military strategists. A lot of these parlor
generals and pink-tea strategists you see in
Washington come up to your office and try to
tell you hew to win this war. What right have
the military to tell business, labor and industry
men who are qualified by life-long experience
what to do? Industry and labor are both op-
posed to this bill." (Short referred to the
work-or-fight bill.)
"What is it for?" continued the gentleman
from Missouri, "to cover up mistakes and mis-
calculations? Bickering and bungling on the
home front? The only trouble between a civil-
ian and a general is that the Army is never
wrong. Was it ever wrong? I served and you
served in it. Was it ever wrong? Never. They
are infallible, impeccable and Christ-like on this
earth. I will not say where they will go after-
ward."
Here Short spoke of the optimistic calcula-
tions of an early end of the war issued by U.S.
military leaders as long ago as 1943. He also
accused the Army of responsibility for present-
day production difficulties because "they can-
celled contracts; they terminated contracts; they
closed one factory after another all over this
country and threw thousands of people out of
employment."
His colleagues who were supporting the May
Bill-both Republicans and Democrats-did not
escape the wrath of the fiery Missourian.
"We have men over here on the Republican
side who worship stars and love gold braid,"
Short admitted.
"Of course, politics were played last fall,"
he continued, "but I will not even go into that
because I do not want to prejudice nor weaken
my case with some fellows over here who are
tottering mugwumps. You know, a mugwump
is one who has his mug on the wrong side of
the fence and his wump on the other. You
care more for your little seat in this house
than you do for the welfare of this country
and the safety of our boys."
(Copyright, 1945. by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)

ii

Letters to the Editor
The Polish Question. is waiting until the United States
and Great Britain have made their
APPARENTLY some contributors to decision.
the Daily are quite ignorant of The second question: the Curzon
the facts concerning a few Polish line (so-called, although Lord Curzonj
himself had little to do with it) was
questions. The first of these concernsindicated to Mr. Grabski by Lloyd
the integrity of the Polish government George on July 10. 1920 after pres-
in London. The premier is M. Arcis- sure had been applied by the Rus-
zewski; the members of his cabinet sian delegation in London headed by
are: S. Sopicki, J. Kwapinski, Tar-- Kameneff and Krassin. This line,
are: S.SopiiA JRapinski, ZTBre- running from Grodno, through Bial-
nowski, A. Pragier. A. >omer, Z. Bere- ystock and Przemysl to the Carpa-
zowski. W.Folkierski, and K. Kus- thians cuts off the voivodeshipls of
nierz. All are citizens of Poland. This Wilna, Nowogrodek. Polesie, Wolyn,
government has the support of all Tarnopol, Stanislau, and parts of
four major political parties in Poland. Bialystock, Lublin and Lwow. (For
The work of the Polish government in purposes of government, Poland is
London is connected closely with what Iiivided up into the 16 voivodeships
was being done.by the underground in and the City of Warsaw.)
Poland. An account of how Lloyd George
It reflects, directly and harmoni- received M. Krassin's message, rela-
ously, Poland's and the Polish people's tive to this matter, while playing
desires. Minor groups (sancja, ONR, golf at Gobham and how he at once
and communists) are of small im- acted thereon without any consulta-
portance. The third party, which is tion with the Foreign Office, is given
subservient to the Soviet govern- by Lord Riddell in his Intimate Di-
ment, was nonexistent in prewar Pol- ary, p. 225. Ukrainians and so-
and. Its position derives its strength called White Russians are the lead-
from the emissaries sent by the Red ing minorities east of the Curzon line.
Army. (Prior to the reentry of Red The term White Russians is mis-
troops into Poland, military para- leading; the name "Blanc-Ruth-
chutists were sent by Moscow.) With enes" in the French corresponds
the support of the Soviet govern- more nearly to the Slavonic term-
ment, they have organized several inology. and makes it quite clear
groups, the best known of which is that they do not belong to the
the PPR (The Polish Workers' Party). Russians in the modern sense of
In contrast to the legitimate gov- the word. Territoial autonomy
ement in London, of the 17 mem- for the former group is a complex,
bers of the Lublin Committee 1 but undoubtedly, a solvable prob-
are communist. Bierut (whose name lem. For it is precisely where the1
has been changed several times to Ukrainian population is highest in
suit his aims), the president of culture and national consciousness,
suithisaim), he resden of namely, in the former eastern Gali-
the committee, and several mem- ia, thfitmis mo st ed Gih
bers are not Polish citizens. Only the oish pslton e
Moscow and the Czech government t ishpopulion.
have recognized this committee. -Leo F. Boron
France refuses to recognize it and
. I ln -9V%7JM11 ff r- L .

WLB Facts

MR. BERMAN, in an editorial yesterday criti-
cizing government facilities for the control
of industrial disputes, levelled the charge that
regulatory agencies mushroom without respon-
sible coordination of activities and responsibility
in a single head.'
That conclusion is derived from numerous
facts' gleaned from some source which could
hardly be called reliable. His conclusion is false
and the entire editorial a masterpiece of mis-
information.
Mr. Berman lumps together the National
Labor Relations Board, the War Labor Board,
the National Mediation Board and speaks of
,'a separate board for railways.' It is necessary
to point out that each agency has a specific
purpose and is essential to the maintenance of
free collective bargaining and peaceful adju-
dication of labor disputes.
The National Labor Relations Act is distinct.
from the National Railway Act, and both are
distinct from the War Labor Board. The Na-
tional Labor Relations Board functions to insure
employer-employe committees for collective bar-
gaining and to hold elections to determine the
anion which properly represents the workers in
a plant. Under Executive Order 9017 the Na-
tional W~ar Labor Board was given jurisdiction
overall disputes in industry which would en-
danger the effective prosecution of the war. It
was later given, under the Stabilization Act,
jurisdiction over all voluntary wage agreements.
Does the WLB then have the same purpose
as the National Mediation Board as Mr. Ber-
man suggests? The NMB was established un-
der the National Railway Act of 1926 to adjust
disputes in the railroad industry, which in-
volves certain 'special problems with respect to
wage rates, rules and working conditions.
Existing machinery is then cleared of the
charge of confusion. The editorial' charges, in
addition, that these agencies are irresponsible
and misadministrate the acts which have created
them-this in spite, of the fact that, the agencies
are dependent on the acts for their existence.
Mr. Berman suggests the mobilization of
these facilities into a 'single spearhead.' Such
an integration is impractical, however, in view
of the varied and special problems of the agen-
cies.
The success of the machinery is proven by
the record of the WLB in its three years as a
wartime agency. Since the beginning of the
war, it has handled some 362,000 voluntary
and dispute cases involving nearly 24,000,000
employes. In only 25 of the 14,000 cases hai-
died did the parties fail to settle their differ-
ences peaceably and defy the orders of the
Board.
-Betty Roth

DEATH SENTENCE:
A Statement by Pvt.

wber

(Editor's Note: The following interview with Private
Henry P. Weber was given unexpectedly when Ernest
K. Bennett, AP photographer, obtained permission to
take pictures of the man whose sentence to die has
caused concern in Congress. Bennett tells how Weber
insisted on first making a statement about his case.)
CAMP ROBERTS, Calif., Feb. 6.-I have inter-
viewed Private Henry P. Weber, 27-year-old
former Vancouver, Wash., shipyard foreman,
who is under a court martial sentence of death
for refusing to drill at this Army camp.
I went to the camp for the express purpose
of obtaining pictures of this condemned sol-
dier, but at the last moment he refused to per-
mit his picture to be taken unless he was
granted the privilege of making a statement to
the press. This privilege was granted by the
camp authorities.
The first statement Weber made surprised
me.
He said: "I have a revolutionary mind. Wars
are caused by the society in which we now live,
and which cannot prevent a third world war."
I asked Weber on two occasions if he didn't
feel that he had chosen the wrong way to express
,OEN S EC O N D
BE!I BayJDIxon1
Jan Carter is going around asking people what
branch of the service worms are in and then
blandly answering-the apple corps.
The rampaging Russians are driving the Nazis
out of Germany just as the French were driven
out of France. Only thing missing from DNB
reports is an account of the Reds strafing flee-
ing German civilians by air.

himself and his ideas and to put his feelings in
an understandable way.
To this he had no answer.
He did continue, however, and said: "I am
interested in a world in which all men can live
peaceably. To be a good soldier you have to
learn to hate and to kill. I am willing to do
anything I can to get the war over, as long as
I do not have to kill other people."
Right after that statement, I asked Weber if
that did not make him a conscientious objector.
"I suppose so,"'he replied.
"One of the reasons he gave for refusing to
obey orders and drill was: "With my revolution-
ary mind, talking with other men in the Army
would only disrupt the organization as they
would be inclined to my ideas."
Weber was asked if he did refuse to drill in
order to get out of the Army.
He replied: No. I asked for a transfer to non-
combatant duty three or four days before the
incident for which I was court martialled oc-
curred, but that was not granted.
He continued: "The men at the camp know of
my feelings in the matter because I was court
martialled for a similar offense some time pre-
viously and was sentenced to six months at hard
labor."
lie further added: "l was a foreman in a
shipyard in peacetime (Vancouver, Wash.,)
and am used to associating and working with
men. I am a member of the Socialist-Labor
Party which aims at peaceful revolution. With
a revolutionary mind, you lose your place in
the new society and with no chance to help in
making the new society if you hate and kill."
With the interview ended, we shook hands,
and Weber turned away, with no show of emo-
tion or appearance of concern.

DRAMA
By BERNARD ROSENBERG
PLAY PRODUCTION scaled new
heights in "The Skin of Our
Teeth" last night. Thornton Wilders
splendid play, chock-full of innova-
tions and heterodoxies though it is,
remains good theater. But, there
are all sorts of technical difficulties
to overcome. That Director Windt
and his group dia so is altogether to
their credit.
Wilder, tongue - in - check but
hand-over-heart has captured the
essentially tragi-comic nature of
man's existence. This tribute to
human tenacity, if plagiarized in
part from "Finnegan's Wake,"
manages in an American setting
which is at the same time univer-
sal, to reach almost Joycean pro-
portions. An epic loaded with sym-
bolism and drollery, with Vicoesque
underpinnings, and philosophical
overtones, here beyond cavil is a
play worth seeing many times.
As to the cast, this reviewer has
never seen it in better form. Dorothy
Murzek, as the eternally tantalizing
Calypso-Sabina, though much too
mannered in the first act, more than
redeemed herself thereafter. Every
character is complex, and not the
least so Sabina-who at times is sup-
posed to represent simplicity. In
Miss Murzek's interpretation we see
the winsome side of her nature. One
has the feeling that more can be
done in a Tallulah Bankheadish way
with this role.
Robert Acton carried off top hon-
ors for his first-rate depiction of Mr.
Antrobus. Hen-pecked or resourceful
or philandering, in scenes that re-
quire the utmost ability, he acted
with spiritedness and verve. For
poignancy, however, and it cut me to
the quick, listen carefully for the
whine of a pre-historic animal in
Act I. An ice-age is about to descend
upon Excelsior, N.J. (and the earth
in general). So men scurry about in
frantic effort to survive if need be,
"by the skin of their teeth." But, the
playmates, a dinosaur and a mam-
moth among them, must go. One or
the other of these creatures lets out
a wail as he exits into the cold, cold
world-and it was this that rent us.
But, there are other and deeper
significations. Byron Mitchell, play-
ing Henry, the warlike son of Mr.
Antrobus who bears the stigma of
Cain, wrings his part dry of the
fierceness latent in it. Janine Robin-
son, her voice a bit too shrill at
times, is on the whole excellent as1
Mrs. Antrobus, practical and posses-
sive to the end. In a meaty role, she
seemed to digest with exceptional
relish, Annette Chaikin adds or cac-
kles her prophetic bit to the proceed-
ings. I have nary a bad word to say
about the supporting cast, all of
whom performed admirably.
Thespis looked down upon the
Lydia Mendelssohn last night-and
smiled.

BULLETIN
THURSDAY, FEB. 8, 1945 1
VOL. LV, No. 79r
Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all mem-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
form to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angell Hall, by 3:30 p. m. of the day
preceding publication (11:30 a. m. Sat-E
urdays).}
NVoticest
Faculty, College of Engineering:
There will be a meeting of the Facul-
ty of this College on Monday, Feb. 12,
at 4:15 p. m. ina Room 445. West Engi-1
neering Bldg.
Midyear Graduation Exercises will
be held at 10:30 a. m., Saturday,
Feb. 24. in the Rackham Lecture Hall.i
The address to the graduating clas-
ses will be given by Professor Camp-
bell Bonner. Assembly at 10:00 a.m.
as follows: Graduates in the middle
sections of the Lecture Hall as di-
rected by ushers; faculty in the office1
of the Graduate School; regents,
officers, deans, minister, and speaker1
of the day in Executive Board room;,
color guard and honor guard in the
outer lobby. Participants will wear
academic costume. The public is
cordially invited; no tickets are re-
quired.
Faculty of College of Literature,
Science and the Arts; College of Ar-
chitecture and Design; School of Ed-
ucation; School of Forestry and Con-
servation; School of Music; and
School of Public Health:
Class lists for use in reporting Fall
Term grades of undergraduate stu-
dents enrolled in these units, and also
graduate students in the Schools of
Forestry and Conservation, Music,
and Public Health, were mailed Wed-
nesday, Feb. 7. Any one failing to
receive theirs should notify the Reg-
istrar's Office, Miss Cuthbert, phone
308, and duplicates will be prepared
for them.
To Members of the Faculty Col-
lege of Literature, Science and the
Arts: There will be another special
meeting of the Faculty of the Col-
lege of Literature, Science, and the
Arts at 4:10 p. m. on Monday, Feb.
12, in Room 1025 Angell Hall, to
continue the discussion of the Com-
bined Report of the Curriculum Com-
mittee and the Committee on Con-
centration and Group Requirements.
A large attendance is desired. '
.Edward II. Kraus
honor Societies. The 'attention of
honor societies is called to the fact
that the date of Honors Convocation
has been set for April 20. It is re-
quested that all societies hold their
elections as early as possible after
the beginning of the Spring Term so
that the names of new members may
be included in the Honors Convoca-
tion program.
Dean of Students
State of Connecticut Civil Service
announcement for Child Welfare
Supervisor, salary from $2,500 to

"ouncements have been received in
our office for the following exam-
inations: Head Clerk, $3,795 to $4,416,
Building Maintenance Supervisor,
$3,721 to $4,071, Chemist, $2,484 to
$2,898. Sanitary Chemist $2,484 to
$2,898, Junior Dentist, $2,990, Senior
Dentist, $3,795 to $4,140, Senior Traf-
[ice Engineering Aid, $2,691 to $3,105,
Intermediate Statistician $2,829 to
$3,381, Senior Personnel Examiner
iGeneral). $3,720 to $4,260, Senior
Personnel Examiner (Engineering)
$3,720 to $2,460, Junior Airport Con-
trol Tower Operator, $2.210 to $2,616,
Senior Airport Control Tower Operat-
or $2,760 to $3,137, Farm Supervisor
(Dairy and Livestock), $2,348 to
$2,553, Senior Veterinarian, $2,622
to $3,036. and Junior Health Inspect-
or $2,084 to $2,348. For further in-
formation stop in at 201 Mason Hall,
Bureau of Appointments.
Seniors: Absolutely no senior pic-
ture contracts will be sold after 5
p. m., Feb. 9. Seniors, expecting to
have their picture in the 1945 Michi-
ganensian must have their coupon
purchased before that time.
Choral Union Members. Choral
Union members who have no unex-
cused absences on their records will
please call for pass tickets for the
Westminster Choir concert, on Fri-
day, Feb. 9, between the hours of
9:30 and 11:30, and 1 and 4, at the
offices of the University Musical So-
ciety in Burton Memorial Tower. No
courtesy tickets will be issued after 4
o'clock Friday.
World Student Service Fund Of-
fice Hours are from 2 to 4 p. m.
through Friday of this week in the
Lane Hall office. Contributions will
be accepted at these times.
'Ensian Coupons found in all stu-
dent Directories will not be consid-
ered valid after Friday, Feb. 9.
Applications in Support of Re-
search Projects: To give Research
Committees and the Executive Board
adequate time to study all proposals,
it is requested that faculty members
having projects needing support dur-
ing 1945-1946 file their proposals in
the Office of the Graduate School by
Friday, Feb. 9. Those wishing to
renew previous reqtiests whether now
receiving support or not should so in-
dicate. Application forms will be
mailed or can be obtained at Sec-
retary's office, Rm. 1006 Rackham
Building, telephone 372.
Lectures
University Lecture. Captain Pet
er Freuchen, Danish Polar Explorer,
will lecture on "Epic of an Explorer
in the War," at 8:00 p. m., today in
the Rackham Lecture Hall; auspices
of the Department of Geography.
The public is cordially invited.
French Lecture. Professor Marc
Denkinger, of the Romance Lan-
guage Department, will offer a lec-
ture today at 4:10 p. m. in Rm. D,
Alumni Memorial Hall. His lecture,
which will be illustrated with slides,
is entitled "Quelque activities fran-
caises de'entre less deux guerras."
Academic Notices
Notice to Students Planning to Do
Directed Teaching: Students expect-
ing to do directed teaching the spring
term are requested to secure assign-
ments in Room 2442 University Ele-
mentary School today, according to
the following schedule:
English, 8:00-9:00.
Social Studies, 9:00-10:00.
Science and Mathematics, 10:00-
11:00.
All foreign languages, 11:00-12:00.
All others, and any having' con-
flicts at scheduled hour, 2:00-4:00
or by appointment.
Recommendations for Department-

al Honors: Teaching departments
wishing to recommend tentative Feb-
ruary graduates from the College of
Literature, Science, and the Arts, and'
the School of Education for depart-
mental honors should send such
names to Registrar's Office, Room
4 University Hall, by noon, Feb. 26.
Robert L. Williams
Assistant Registrar.
Music 41. Introduction to Musical
Literature. For the Spring Semester,
only Section 2, Monday, Wednesday
and Friday at 10 a. m. will be open to
students in the College of Literature,
Science and the Arts.
Doctoral Examination for Lester
Henry Phillips, Political Science:
thesis: "The Impact of the Defense
of Canada Regulations upon Civil
Liberties," today, 3:00 p. m., East
Council Room, Rackham Building.
Chairman H. M. Dorr.
By action of the Executive Board
the Chairman may invite members
of the faculties and advanced doc-
toral candidates to attend this exam-
ination, and he may grant pe'mis-
sion to those who for sufficient reas-
on might wish to be present.
Directed Teaching, Qualifying Ex-
amination: All students expecting to
do directed teaching next term are
required tb pass a qualifying exami-
nation in the subject which they ex-
pect to teach. This examination will
be held on Saturday, March 3, at
8:30 a. in. Stud ents will meet in the

k4

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a

An Odd World

THE ENTIRE world is engulfed in the most
devastating war in history.
Our Allies have made and are making su-
preme sacrifices. Large numbers of our sons,
brothers and husbands are shedding their blood




BARNABY
Barna ,while we're awaitingdeliveryof the
fis shiomme antoson. nnose we stir up a

By Crockett Johnson


r-


We mustn't show favoritism.Everybody shall
have ar equal opportunity to avail themselves

I

Suppose you leave the question

fI

I