PAGE TWO

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United Campus Interest Warrants Reforms in Election Mach

inery


J, I

STUDE NT INTEREST in campus elections was indicated
beyond any doubt yesterday when 1,700 cast ballots giving
their choices for the Victory Ball committee and represent-
ative on the Board of Control of Student Publications.
The polling places were jammed all day. Students
showed that they do have a definite interest in campus
politics and that they are interested in their student gov-
ernment.
But--
There were many obvious faults with the way in which
the election was conducted and the methods used in handling
the avalanche of ballots. For many years the impression has
been that students, in general, were apathetic, that they were
not interested in campus elections. Consequently the machin-
ery for handling these elections has degenerated until, as
illustrated yesterday, the most slip-shod methods imaginable
were used in securing petitions, presenting the candidates to

1. T EPOLLING PLACES were not open long enough. The an-
nounced time for the election was from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Many
students complained that they did not vote because of insuffi-
cient time between classes. They said they would have voted had
the polls been open later in the afternoon. What was worse, how-
ever, one of the polls actually closed at 1:45 p. m. or 15 minutes
earlier than scheduled. This is inexcusable.
2. THERE WAS NOT ADEQUATE man power put in charge of
the polls. Confusion was king. Most of the time there was
only one man behind the desk and it was a physical impossibility
for him to check all identification cards and guard the ballot box
against stuffing. Some students were forced to wait as long as
15 minutes to get a ballot, time which they could not spare between{
classes. One polling place actually ran out of ballots and there
was a delay before mo)re could be secured.
3. VOTING INSTRUCTIONS were not clear and there was much
misunderstanding. Even those in charge of the polls did
not seem to know exactly what was to be done. One of the
commonest misconceptions concerned marking of the ballots.
Many students were told that they HAD to vote for five V-Ball
candidates or their ballot would not be counted. This was defi-
nitely an error. It should have been made clear that a student
may vote for as few of the candidates as he wished without injur-
ing the validity of his vote.

4. 'SSUES IN THE CAMPAIGN itself were noticeably missing.
Even the campaign was noticeably missing. Most students
had very little information upon which to make their choice among
candidates. In general, candidates were known to only a small
percentage of the student body. It almost seemed as if students
were expected to base their decision on how they were told to vote
by outside sources, on any slight knowledge they had of the candi-
dates, on how many times they had seen the candidates' names on
campus bulletin boards or, even, how phonetic and appealing the
candidates' name happened to be.
HIE SET-UP for handling elections, as it exists today, looks
very well on paper. Eligible students who wish to run for
a campus office are asked to submit petitions stating qualifi-
cations and ideas to the Men's Judiciary Council. This council
passes on the petitions, sets the date for the election and super-
vises counting of the ballots.
But these general provisions are not backed up with specific
rules and regulations and the result has been CONFUSION!
We wish to make these specific proposals, then, for the
conduct of future elections:
1. POLLS SHOULD BE open from 9 a. in. to 5 p. in.

2. AT LEAST TUREE men should be in charge of the polls.
t
3. r IlERE SHOULD BE someone of authority stationed at the
poll at all times to see that the election is conducted in a
fair and democratic manner. This person should either be a com-
pletely neutral member of the faculty or, better still, an officer from
the Ann Arbor police department.
4. CANDIDATES SHOULD OE required to have statements of
their qualifications and ideas for carrying out the duties
of the post which they seek published in The Daily.
5. COUNTING OF THE ballots should be adequately supervised
and performed by completely neutral authorities.
If these suggestions are carried out, both the student
body and candidates would be assured of a ; fair and well-
handled election. Students have proved that they are inter-
ested in campus politics by their turn-ott at the polls yester-
day. It is the duty of those who are in charge of elections to
assume the responsibility of seeing that they are conducted on
the highest level and with the greatest efficiency possible.
-Evelyn Phillips
--Stan Wallace
--Ray Dixon

I

the campus and handling the actual ballot-taking
ing.

and count-

These definite faults can be pointed out:


Fifty-Fifth Year

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
French Politics Are Doing Well

The Pendulum

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Edited2 and managed by stu dents of the University
of Iichgan under the authority of the Board In Con rol
of Student Publications.
Editoral Staff
Evelyn Phillips . . . anaglng Editor
stan Wallace . . City Editor
Ray Dixon . . . . Associate Editor
Sank Mantho . . . . . Sports Editor
ave Lobewenberg . . Associate Sports Editor
gkvs Kennedy . . . . omen's Editor
Business Staff
Lee Amer . . . . . Business Manager
Barbara Chadwick . . Associate Business Mgr.
June Pomering . . Associate Business Mgr.
Telephone 23-24-1
Member of The Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use
;pr republication of all news dispatches credited to it or
otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of re-
pulication of all other matters herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
second-class mail matter.
Subscriptions during the regular school year by car-
rier, $4.50, by mail, $5.25.
Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1943-44
NIGHT EDITOR: MARGARET FARMER
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
French Suffrage
SOMETIMES we overlook the- fact that all
countries do not permit their women to
vote. We may think of ourselves, and naturally
assume that the "weaker sex" is given the
franchise in most other parts of the world.
Well, this is not true. Even the United
states has been slow nationally to gant
total enfranchisement to all its qualified citi-
zens. Individual states have permitted women
to vote in certain elections as far back as
1848, but not until shortly following the First
World War did we have universal voting
standing for both men and women.
All this is quite evident. Now let's draw a
parallel. French women will be going to the
polls for the first time in the local elections
this spring. Registration reflects that there
will be a large number of them, too.
What parallel does that draw? Well, maybe
none, but "emancipation" of the American
woman came after World War I, and now we
have "emancipation" of the French woman in
1945 during World War II.
This will be the first time in the history of
France that its female populace will be able
to vote. Large registration does not mean
that they are showing their profound grati-
tude, but according to a New York Times report
from Paris "the Communists have been very
active in developing civic sense among women
and they appear to have attained much sue-
cess."
Which reminds me of an "axiom"; Let
George do it. It seems in modern Leftist
France this has changed to let the Com-
munists do it.
-Betty Ann Larsen
House Commnittee
REP. ALBERT J. ENGEL (R.-Mich.), is to
be congratulated for bolting from party
lines by voting against a bill, which was passed
Wednesday to make the House's Committee on

$By DREW PEAR$ON
3yVASHINGTON, Jan. 6-Out of the various
dark spots in the European political picture
-Greece, Poland, Belgium-there is one country
where things are going reasonably well politic-
ally-France. One very important chapter of
the inside story on French-American political
operations can now be told.
It shows that the British and the U. S. Treas-
ury had a lot to do with the successful outcome
of the French situation.
What happened was that before the Allied
invasion of Normandy F. D. R. didn't particu-
larly like Gen. Charles De Gaulle, and his
State Department advisers didn't either.
Some officials suspected that the State De-
partment was misinforming the President on
De Gaulle's intentions. At any rate, things got
so bad that on June 4, two nights before the
invasion, De Gaulle withdrew 180 French
civil officers who were to accompany the
Allied landing parties.
Whereupon Prime Minister Churchill, deeply
disturbed, summoned French Gen. Josephs-Pierre
Koenig to 10 Downing Street in the middle of
the night, and begged him to change De Gaulle's
mind. Koenig said it was impossible.
Churchill then routed Alfred Duff Cooper out
of bed, rushed him off to plead with De Gaulle,
who finally agreed to permit 20 French officers
to accompany the Allies into Normandy. In
return, Cooper promised De Gaulle that the
British would urge the U. S. State Department
to adopt a more reasonable attitude toward the
French leader.
F.D.R~. Invites DeGaulle.,.
CARRYING OUT this promise Churchill sent
Roosevelt a strong but friendly cable advis-
ing that the Allies could not help dealing with
De Gaulle and urging that De Gaulle be invited
to Washington. Roosevelt promptly agreed and
cabled De Gaulle, then in Algiers. De Gaulle
waited briefly, then accepted the invitation for
July 6.
Meanwhile, Roosevelt asked the State, Treas-
ary and War Departments to ,prepare a pro-
gram that he could present to De Gaulle.
The War Department, represented by far-
sighted Assistant Secretary Jack McCloy, urged
full recognition of De Gaulle, claiming it was
necessary for military reasons.
But the State Department, represented by
Jimmy Dunn, argued that the President would
never agree. Dunn was quite stubborn and
claimed there was no use even discussing the
matter with Roosevelt.
Peacemaker Morgeulwtau...-
T THIS POINT Secretary Morgenthau step-
ped in with a compromise plan. He pro-
posed giving Dc Gaulle enough power to deal
with French civil affairs, but leaving the door
open for the French people to choose their own
leader at a future date. He also urged that
De Gaulle's Liberation Committee be recognized
as the "De Facto Authority" ,in France, also
that it have the power to issue paper money.
Dunn, however, claimed that there would be
no use'in even presenting the plan to the Presi-
dent. Ordinarily, such a State Department veto
would have ended the discussion, but Morgen-
than persevered. He offered to approach the
President personally. This was agreed and he
saw F. D. R. on July 5, one day before De Gaulle's
arrival.
To Dunn's surprise, the President ok'd every-
thing and said he would present the pro-
gram to De Gaulle next day. This he did.
De Gaulle was delighted. U. S. French rela-
tions took a sharp turn for the better, and
have continued that way ever since.
Note-Jimmy Dunn is the man whom Stet-
tinius promoted to be Assistant Secretary of
State in charge of all European affairs.
Capital Chaff..
REPRESENTATIVE George Outland of Cali-
fornia has left for London for an on-the-
scene study of British policy. . . The Army
recently announced that it had to cut the
BARNABY

I

number of nurses per field hospital from 120
nurses to 105 per thousand beds-the fact, how-
ever, is that even last summer hospital units
went out with as few as 60 nurses. The number
of nurses is too small for 'round-the-clock
watch, and many doctors have had to fill in.
.. The Yugoslavs and Greeks feel more bitter
toward the Italians than they do toward the
Germans.., . Italians were used to garrison large
parts of these countries. . . . Paul Porter, new
FCC chairman, refused to conduct his first com-
mission meeting. Handing the gavel to Ewell
Jett, who had served as acting chairman from
the time Larry Fly left until Porter caine on
the job, Porter said: "You show me how it's
done. I'm just a neophyte."
Poorly Paid Congressmen , . .
r HE STRUGGLE experienced by many Con-
gressmen to make both ends meet in Wash-
ington, and also the steady retirement of A-1
officials from public life because they cannot
take the financial sacrifice, has an interesting
parallel in the early days of the nation.
Some of the founding fathers, being honest
men and without private fortunes, found it im-
possible to live on their government salaries
and were threatened with imprisonment.
For instance, the great revolutionary war
hero, Gen. William Moultrie was imprisoned for
debt. Also, the first Associate Justice of the
U. S. Supreme Court, James Wilson, had to
flee Pennsylvania to escape his creditors and
was about to be served with extradition papers
in Edenton, N. C., when lie died.
Also, John Rutledge of South Carolina, one
of the chief drafters of the constitution, was
threatened with imprisonment for debt and
only remained out of jail through the suffer-
ance of his creditors.
Today, U. S. Congressmen, Cabinet mem-
bers, and Federal judges remain relatively
among the poorest paid public servants in the
world. A U. S. Ambassador to London is
paid .17,500, while the British Ambassador
to the United States is paid $80,000.
A U. S. Supreme Court Justice gets $20,000,
while a New York State Supreme Court Jus-
tice gets $25,000.
Franco Spain
FRANCO Spain's pretensions of neutrality, and
occasionally of friendship for the Allies, are
of such transparent phoniness that nobody
should be fooled. The reaction to recent events,
as reported to the New York Times by a Madrid
correspondent, shows plainly enough where of-
ficial sympathies really lie.
The Spanish press, the reporter says, u-
presses considerable concern over the new
French-Russian treaty. Following the estab-
lished Fascist line, it views this as a danger-
ous symptom of Communism's march to
power, and discusses at length what one pub-
lication calls "the Red-infiltrated committees
of liberation" over Eurone. Another popular
topic is the Nazi drive on the Western front,
which brings forth large headlines, promi-
nent display of German communiques and
dire announcement of Allied disaster.-
Another item of evidence that Spain still
clings loyally to the Axis is the speech of Lord
Templewood, formerly Sir Samuel Hoare, a
few days after his retirement as British Am-
bassador to Madrid. Here was a veteran ap-
peaser, one of the ardent advocates of friend-
ship with Franco, telling the House of Lords
that Spain,-during the greater part of his stay
there, was virtually a German-occupied coun-
try, where the Gestapo spied on him, attempted
to buy off his staff and stirred up anti-British
riots. The state of affairs in Spain must have
been bad indeed to bring denunciation from
this advocate of temporizing policies.
These are just a few among the many
straws in the wind to indicate that the Span-
ish regime is just as pro-Axis as in the days
when Franco used to congratulate Hitler
openly on his victories.

By BERNARD ROSENBERG
ENGLISH literature is full of fallen
women. They make good subject
matter, for we are proverbially inter-
ested in them. But, perhaps not until
Shaw's play, "Mrs. Warren's Profes-
sion," was any attempt made to
understand their position in our
society. It was much easier to be
sanctimonious about the whole prob-
lem.
These things should be kept in
mind when one reads "The Fortunes
and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders."
The book itself tends to become
drearily episodic about half way
through, and degenerates altogether
after that. Couple this with two
other objections the modern reader
would naturally raise, i.e., general
plotlessness and undue indulgence in
sermonizing. This forms a fairly
substantial basis for negative criti-
cism.
, If the style were a trifle more
inflated and somewhat less pedes-
trian, it could easily be likened to
that of those peerless Elizabethans,
Lily, Nashe, et al. Picaresque in
approach (if there is such a spe-
cies as the female rouge) this book
has no climax, does not tell a
specific story, but rather unwinds
one incident after another to the
point of supersaturation.
"MOLL FLANDERS" is one of the
milestones in English letters.
Like "Pamela" and "Tom Jones" this
novel is read by most people less for
its intrinsic value than because it
presaged certain literary innovations
of our day. Thus, much has been
made of the attention given to real-
istic detail in "Moll Flanders." The
language is properly commonplace
considering Moll is supposed to be
her own narrator. She makes a
sufficient number of rhetorical er-
rors and mixes her tenses often
enough to createbthat realism for
which Defoe has been so often laud-
ed, the kind of realism he manifested
in his better known "Robinson Cru-
soe..
Of course none of this begins to
stack up with the reproduction of
life men like Dreiser have achieved
more recently. However, the effort
is not bad for the eighteenth cen-
tury when novelists had no Zola
from whom to learn. Otherwise
the injection of humorous repar-
tee is more than welcome in a
work that too often becomes an
apparently endless recital of per-
sonal mishaps. Moll, herself, is
capable of a bon mot like "Well,
at last I found this amphibious
creature, this land-water thing
called a gentleman-tradesman."
r'HE GROSSEST LIE in the book
is Moll's statement, "But it is
not of my talent to preach"--which
appears on page 52 of my luridly
illustrated edition. For it is the fact
that she preaches uninterruptedly
from first to last that makes this
novel so maddening to read. No
sooner does she engage in an act of
promiscuity-much to her own in-
ward horror-than out pops a warn-
ing, "Now girls, don't you follow in
my footsteps." Does she become a
pickpocket? Beware, then the dan-
gers of thievery, ye chaste damsels.!
VEN the Hays Office which n-
poses just such restrictions on
Hollywood ("Crime does not pay,"
tra-la)-or puritanical Mr. Hays,
himself, would not have tolerated
the implausibility of Mol's belated
reformation. A sinner all her days,
at seventy she emerges as the soul of
virtue and presumably settles down;
to soulful decrepitude.
Throughout, Defoe allows Moll
to chide herself unmercifully for
innate wickedness. Because he
would have us believe she is im-

moral by nature, temptation ev-
erywhere proves to be stronger
than her virtuous tendencies-
such as they are. No# this is a
most untenable view, one whichI
Defoe himself unwittingly belies
in the course of the novel. Upon
making a temporarily happy llai
son for her, Defoe has Moll ex-
claim, "How happy had it been
for me if I had been wife to a manI
of so much honesty and so much
affection from the beginning."
Touchee! That is precisely the
point: from the beginning social
forces, not innate wickedness, for}
there is no such animal, made Moll
what she was. Deserted at birth by
a prostitute mother who was also
the product of a bad society, and
left to shift for herself, without
ayschooling, what in the nature
of things, could be expected? Why,
exactly what occurred. Defoe con-
futes his own thesis-and we are
indebted to him for it.
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
SATURDAY, JAN. 6, 1945
VOL. LV, No. 51
Publication in the Daily official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to all m iei-
bers of the University. Notices for the
Bulletin should be sent in typewritten
fori to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angell Hall, by 3:30 p. in. of the day
preceding publication (11:30 a. m. Sat-
urdays).
Notices
Applications in Support of Research
Projects: To give Research Commit-
tees and the Executive Board ade-
quate time to study all proposals it
is requested that faculty members
have projects needing support during
1945-'1946 file their proposals in the
Office of the Graduate School by
Friday, Feb. 9, 1945. Those wishing
to renew previous requests whether
now receiving support or not should
so indicate. Application forms will
be mailed or can be obtained at Sec-
retary's Office, Rm. 1006 Rackham
Building, Telephone 372.
All Graduate Students interested
in forming a graduate social organi-
zatiori, please see Miss Kelly in 1008
Rackham.
From 10 to 12 a.m. today will be
absolutely the last time for those
who have turned in their petitions
for Orientation Advisors to inter-
view.
Women Students: A number of
articles which have been found in
Barbour Gymnasium have been turn-
ed over to the Lost and Found De-
partment, Rm. 1 University Hall.
These include bracelets, rings, pins,
a pair of glasses, fountain pens, a
scarf, and mittens.
Lectures
French Lecture: Professor Michael
Pargment of the Romance Language
Department, will give the second of
the French Lectures sponsored by
the Cercle Francais on Tuesday, Jan,
9, at 4:10 p.m. in Rm. D, Alumni
Memorial Hall. The title of the lec-
ture is: "Anatole France."
Tickets for the series, of lectures
may be procured from the Secretary
of the Department of Romance
Languages (Rm. 112, Romance Lang-
uage Building) or at the door at the
time of the lecture.
These lectures arc open to the
general public. All servicemen are
admitted free of charge,
An All-Brahms Program will be

tasies, Op. 116. The general public
is invited.
Ereiis Tody
Angell Hall Observatory will be
open to visitors this evening, Jan. 6,
from 8 to 10 p.m. if the sky is clear,
to observe the planet, Saturn. Chil-
dren must be accompanied by par-
ents or teachers.
Coming Events
Michigan Youth for Democratic
Action is holding a party on Sunday,
Jan. 7 in the Women's Athletic
Building from 7 p.m.-10 p.m All
veterans, servicemen and students
are cordially invited.
Michigan Christian Fellowship:
The Sunday meeting of Michigan
Christian Fellowship will be held at
4:30 in the Fireplace Room in Lane
Hall. The King's Heralds, a group of
young people from the Highland
Park Baptist Church, will be here to
present a complete program. There
will be instrumental music-marim-
ba, trombones and cornet; also a
vocal quartet and duet-and a mes-
sage for you. Come and join us for
a time of fellowship
The regular meeting of the Luth-
eran Student Association will be held
this Sunday afternoon at 5 in Zion
Parish Hall. Prof. Howard McClusky
will be the speaker and sipper Will
be served after the program at 6.
Zion Lutheran Church- Regular
worship service at 10:30 a..
Trinity Lutheran Church-Regu-
lar worship service at 10:30 a.m.
Hillel's Cost Supper will feature
Mr. Albert Cohen of the Vocational
Guidance Service of Detroit. Fol-
lowing the supper which will be held
at 6 .p.m. Sunday, Mr. Cohen will
discuss "Methods of Choosing Ca-
reers."
The Women's Research Club will
meet Monday, Jan. 8 in the West
Lecture Room of Rackham Building,
at 8 p.m. Dr. Margaret Johnston,
Research Associate in Internal Med-
icine, will talk on "Sodium Chloride
Requirements for Hard Work in Hu-
mid Climates."
Churches
First Baptist Church: 512 E. Hur-
on. Rev. C. H. Loucks Minister.
Roger Williams Guild House, 502 E.
Huron. Saturday, Jan. 6: 7:10, Choir
rehearsal in the church; 8:30, To-
boggan party; meet at guild house.
Sunday, Jan. 7: 9, Breakfast at the
guild house; 10, Study class. "The
Idea of Right and Wrong 11, Wor-
ship service, "The Secret of Spiritual
Success"; 5, Roger Williams Guild.
Rev. Redman will speak on "Under-
standing Unitarians"; 6, Supper will
be served.
First Church of Christ, Scientist
409 S. Division St. Wednesday eve-
ning service at 8 p.m. Sunday morn-
ing service at 10:30 a.m. Subject
"God." Sunday school at 11:45 a.m.
A convenient reading room is main-
tained by this church at 106 E.
Washington St. where the Bible, also
the Christian Science Textbook,
"Science and Health with Key to the
Scriptures" and other writings by
Mary Baker Eddy may be read. bor-
rowed or purchased. Open daily ex-
cept Sundays and holidays from
11:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturdays until
9 p.m.
Memorial Christian Church (Dis-
ciples): 10:45 a.m., Morning wor-
ship. The Rev. Frederick Eugene
Zendt will speak on "Living Our
Faith." 5 p.m., Guild Sunday Eye-
ning Hour. Mr. Frank Littell, newly
appointed director of the Student
Religious Association of the Univer-
sity of Michigan, will speak on "Per-
sonal Religion and Social Con-
science."

First Congregational Church: State
and WilIiain Sts. Minister, Rev. L.A.
Parr. Director Student Work, Rev.
H. L. Pickerill. Director of Music,

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By Crockett Johnson
The police, the proprietor of the
fur store, the insurance people,

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If you had those Gnomes I!
take the furs out of our HB

-er-don't know exactly.
ut the important thing

When I've apprehended and secured
the culprits, I'll turn them over to