TflE MICHiGAN DAILY

tlUMAY, bAC., 944

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..

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Some More on Pearl likrbor

Editorial Staff
Evelyn Phillips . . . Managing ditor
._.'Stan Wallace .. * * City Editor
Ray Dixon . . . . Associate Editor
Hank Mantho . . . Sports Editor
"Dave Loewenberg . Associate Sports Editor
Mavis Kennedy . . .. Women's Editor
Business Staff
Lee Amer . . . . Business Manager
Barbara Chadwick . . Associate Business Mgr.
June Pomering . . Associate Business Mgr.
Telephone 23-24-1
Member of The Associated Press
The Associated Press Is excusively entitled to the use
for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or
otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of re-
publication of all other matters herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
second-class mail matter.
Subscriptions during the regular school year by car-
rier, $4.50, by mail, $5.25.
Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1943.44
NIGHT EDITOR: LIZ KNAPP
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Sugared Facts
"T T S. THIRD Rips Into Saarland," "Third
Army batters across . . . burst into . ."
These are typical examples of what our Ameri-
can press is passing off as a substitute for a true
picture of the grueling and costly battle of the
Western front, a battle "ten times worse than
the Meuse or the Argonne ... fought under terri-
ble weather conditions . . . against an enemy
with miraculous fighting spirit that doesn't waver
or break and keeps the German troops fighting
with desperate skill and determination."
Foreign correspondents overseas, such as Car-
lyle Holt who wrote the above description of bat-
tle, are very much aware of what is going on,
but whatever true impressions they cable home
are somewhere rewritten into what Holt calls
"sweetness and light . . . fiction in which the
hero never gets hurt."
That this sugaring of stark facts of war is
having an effect at home is evident. Gen.
Somervell in "the most important speech I
have ever made" a few days ago told a group
of manufacturers that war production is 40
percent behind schedule. Soldiers gripe be-
.cause their folks back home apparently do not
comprehend the true conditions of battle.
The true conditions of battle are quite differ-
ent from those indicated by the "pap" that is
being thrownsat us at home. All along the
western front, the German Army is performing
at its best. They are throwing everything they
have at our men and our allies. Ground and
weather conditions are slowing our offensive on
the land and have cut aerial activity to 25
percent of fair-weather efficiency. We fight
in cold rain, frost, fog and snow. Everywhere we
face a determined enemy, an enemy whose line
has not and may not crack. We are applying
pressure; the enemy slowly gives ground, but re-
treats in orderly fashion, keeping his line
strong and intact. "The issue of the battle is
simple," says Holt. "We seek by recently applied
pressurc; by sheer weight and power of our
assault, to wear down the limited resources of
the Germans until something gives way some-
where. But possibly the German line will not
cave in anywhere, it may only bend and adjust
here and there as it has already done. How
long we can sustain our attack at its present
ipeak . .. or how long the Germans can with-
stand such terrible pressure" is the question.
We, on the home front, can help win that
battle of endurance. We needn't re-echo to
our brothers and friends overseas the adven-
ture stories that we get from our press. The
depressing effect which these stories have on
the morale of a doughboy who has slugged it
through mud, rain and withering enemy fire
from the coast of Normandy to the Saar basin,
may detract from his fighting efficiency. We
must take our news with a grain of salt. We
must remedy the shortages of munitions on the
western front, a shortage that obviously is
prolonging the war. In brief, we, at home,
must show some of the fierce determination

of our fighting men to get the' job done.
-Arthur J. Kraft
The Lady Resigns
LADY NANCY ASTOR, long the center of Brit-
ish government hokus-pocus and Cliveden
set soirees, is surrendering the seat in the House
of Commons she has held for 25 years.
Frank Sullivan, one of America's leading
columnists once said jocosely that Lady Astor,
through her feminine wiles at famous week-end

By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON, Dec. 7-It has now been exact-
ly three years since the backbone of the
Pacific Fleet was virtually wiped out at Pearl
Harbor, and despite the top secrecy of the ad-
mirals and generals, some of the inside facts
regarding that tragedy can now be revealed.
There have been two basic reasons for hush-
hush secrecy and last week's whitewash of Kim-
nel and Short. One is the already admitted
fact that several other officers in both the Army
and Navy-including some really top-bracket
men-were involved. The other is the clash of
opinion inside the Cabinet in 1941 regarding the
wisdom of sending the strong note to the Emperor
of Japan proposing that Japan get out of all
China and offering a non-aggression pact if she
would.
Both Roosevelt and Secretary Hull felt that
the United States had appeased Japan long
enough; that during this appeasement Japan had
reached out farther and farther, even taking
bases in French Indo-China, just as Hitler had
reached out for Czechoslovakia and Austria be-
fore he finally precipitated war.
Secretaries Knox and Stimson, however, felt
that the United States was not prepared and that
the note to the Emperor would bring war. They
favored continued appeasement and went on rec-
ord in writing to that effect.
In the end, Roosevelt and Hull overruled them.
They felt that Japan could not be appeased any
longer without serious loss of U. S. prestige
and strategic position. The note to the Emperor
was sent Nov. 26.
Inefficiency at Pearl Harbor, , ,
In addition, the entire record of several Pearl
Harbor admirals, generals and junior officers
is pretty bad as far as efficiency is concerned.
There is no question but that the War and Navy
Department in Washington acted promptly on
Nov. 27, one day after the note was sent to the
Emperor, to warn Pearl Harbor. On that day,
both Kimmel and Short were notified that nego-
tiations with Japan had broken down, "that
Japanese action was unpredictable," that "hos-
tilities were momentarily possible," and that
"Japan was expected to make an aggressive
move within the next few days."
Despite this, the crews of Kimmel's fleet were
permitted shore liberty on that same night, 40
percent of the officers were absent next morn-
ing when the attack started, there was no sys-
tem of air patrol any distance from Pearl
Harbor, and no listening devices to detect hostile
airplanes were in operation except during a few
hours at night.
It was not revealed in the Roberts Report, but
in addition to the official warnings sent from
Washington, Kimmel and Short got a confi-
dential warning from the FBI. Hoover's men
had been tapping the telephones of the Jap
consulate in Honolulu and, on the morning of
Dec. 6, listened in on an 18-minute conversation
to Tokyo during which a very suspicious weather
report was given plus some other code language
which so worried the FBI men that a transcript
of the conversation was taken immediately to
Army and Navy intelligence.
Naval intelligence was not interested. But the
chief military intelligence officer considered the
telephone message so important that he took
it immediately to General Short, who was on the
golf course. Short put the message in his pocket.
Incident of Jap Submarine . .
However, the most inexcusable dereliction on
the part of the Navy was the way it laughed off
a Jap submarine sighted just outside Pearl
Harbor one hour before the attack; and also the
fact that this or another submarine was able
to cruise all around inside Pearl Harbor three
hours before the attack.
This is touched upon very delicately in the
Roberts Report. But the real facts are that one
Jap sub arrived at the entrance of Pearl Harbor
at 1:50 a. m. on Dec. 7, waited until 4:20 when
the submarine net was lowered to let out a
garbage scow' then cruised all round inside the
harbor, marking on a chart the exact location
of each U. S. battle ship, destroyer and cruiser.
(The sub later was sunk and, when raised, its
chart showed the exact time it had passed each
U. S. vessel.)
About an hour before the attack, a sub was
sighted by the U. S. S. Antares and the U. S. S.
Ward, which reported to the watch officer
ashore that they had sighted a sampan towing
a small object which looked like a submarine,

to which the shore officer observed that "these
damn destroyer skippers are always seeing sub-
marines." He also observed that it was too
early to disturb the admiral.
Shortly thereafter, the War reported that it
had sunk the submarine. At this point, 7:12
a.m., the watch officer finally got up nerve to
wake his chief. However, no alert warning or
other alarm was sounded. Pearl Harbor slept
blissfully on.
The officer in Command of Pearl Harbor naval
base was Rear Admiral Claude C. Bloch. Kim-
mel commanded the fleet.
A rmy-Navy Feud...
Another tragic failure which the Roberts Re-
port glossed over was the long-standing row be-
tween the Army and Navy air forces, which cul-
minated in a ruling that the Army could not fly
more than 100 miles out to sea, and that the
Navy, though it had fewer planes and very slow-
moving ones at that, was responsible for patroll-
ing farther out to sea.
Inside fact is that the Army Air Corps warned
the Navy prior to Pearl Harbor about the danger
of leaving large segments of the adjacent sea

unpatrolled, but nothing was done about it.
Army and Navy red tape at that time was car-
ried to such a point that the Army could not be-
gin firing anti-aircraft guns against the enemy
until it received word from the Navy,that naval
off-shore defenses had failed.
These are some of the things which would
have come out in any court martial. Fortunate-
ly, such defects have now been ironed out, but
it took a terrific tragedy like Pearl Harbor to
jolt the Brass Hats out of the accumulated leth-
argy of peacetime security.
(Copyright, 1944 by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
') RATIER E RIGHT:
New Appointments
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
NEW YORK, Dec. 7-Many editorialists seem
'to be lost in a blizzard over the President's
four new appointments to the State Depart-
ment. What can it all mean? What hidden
end does the President have in view, that he
should have put together this curious assort-
ment of names, Grew, an old-school career dip-
lomat, Clayton, a conservative business man,
MacLeish, a liberal poet, and Rockefeller, a
decent, wealthy young man with a taste for pub-
lic service? Some of our commentators are
attacking the problem as if it were the daily
cross-word puzzle, with a prize for the man
who first finds the concealed solution.
One writer, surrendering under the strain of
trying to interpret these new appointments,
suggests that the President is merely filling the
State Department with his personal acquaint-
ances. This wheezy profundity is typical of a
certain kind of flip, razzberry comment; and
there has been much of it, offered by men who
are trying to hide the fact that they are lost by
making little jokes.
Several liberals consider the appointment of
William L. Clayton to be a betrayal of the
plain pe.ople who voted for the President at
the last election; this, on the ground that
Clayton is a conservative business man. But
they never explain why the President should
want to betray the people who voted for him.
Is it because the President is a mean man, or
because he is secretly a conservative himself,
or because he likes to disappoint the people,
or what? If these four new appointments
constitute a "betrayal," what is the motive
for the betrayal? Those who hold to the be-
trayal theory must answer that question.
There are two additional schools of thought.
One holds that the President has made weak
appointments deliberately, because he wishes
to mold foreign policy himself, and therefore
desires a weak Department of State. A second
school of opinion prefers to consider that the
President wants to strengthen the Department,
and is conducting a shake-up with that end in
View. You can take your choice between these
opinions, or let them cancel each other.
IT SEEMS to me that the real reason it is so
hard to find the solution is that there isn't
any problem.
If we take what has been done at its simple,
face value, what do we find? We find that
the President has appointed four men of
varying shades of opinion to important posts
in the branch of our government which is
concerned with foreign policy. He has, signi-
ficantly, announced these appointments in a
batch, all at the same time, thereby asking
us to consider them as a group. He has shown
us that Americans of conflicting views can be
expected to, and will in fact agree to, work
together in support of our foreign policy. He
has shown that our foreign policy is not the
property of liberals alone, nor of conservatives
alone; that it is not special and limited in its
appeal, but broad and general.
The important point about the Clayton ap-
pointment, for example, is not that the Presi-
dent has yielded to conservative business opin-
ion, and given it power over our foreign policy;
but that conservative business opinion has yield-
ed to the demands of our foreign policy, and
has agreed to support it. The President has ap-
pointed Clayton, but Clayton, by the same
token, has agreed to uphold the President. Is
that without meaning?
If the President feels conservative these
days, why did he appoint Mackeish? If he is a

liberal, why did he appoint Clayton? The
answer is that the President wants to get the
job done; he refuses to let us bog down into
factional fights; and we ought to be grateful
indeed that we have, at this particular junc-
ture in world affairs, a President with enough
iron in him to be able to do what he has to do
to get the job done. He accepts conservative
help in the same spirit in which Mr. Churchill,
three years ago, instantly accepted Russian
help; and in that rare ability to do what has
to be done lies the difference between th lib-
eral who flashes spectacularly across the scene,
and the statesman who really gets to where
he wants to go.
Some commentators have put it that the Pres-
ident is offering "something for everybody;" as
if these appointments were dictated by some sort
of low cunning, anxious only to please. That is
a rather coarse interpretation. The President
is making a unity out of many diverse elements.
It is not a case of something for everybody, but
of one thing for everybody; and that one thing
is our foreign policy of close accord with Britain
and Russia.
(Copyright, 1944, New York Post Syndicate)

- 1
_Keep Moving
By ANN FAGAN GINGER
"THE FUTURE leaders of Europe
... many of whom have partici-
pated in the underground, will not'
be as the leaders of pre-war Europe.
Because of. soul-searing experiences
they have suffered they will have
gained a renewed insight into thet
meaning of brotherhood and a new
appreciation of what is of second or
even third-rate importance. We must
not meet their efforts to apply that
which the bitterness and the heroism
of these experiences have taught
them by an overly rigid adherence
to forms useful indeed in the past
but subject to restatement and modi-
fication in the light of new condi-1
tions.
The tradition of American radi-
calism is one of the most authentic
of our traditions, and the names ofa
such radicals as Jefferson and Lin-
coln are names we revere. We weret
born of revolution and we should?
be the last to fail to understand a
revolution."
This from Assistant Secretary of
State Shaw at commencement exer-
cises of Bucknell University, pub-
lished in the "Bulletin" of the State
Department, Oct. 22, 1944. ,
(One of Lincoln's "radical" state-
ments, from his First Inaugural ad-
dress: "This country, with its insti-
tutions, belongs to the people who
inhabit it, and whenever they shall
grow weary of the existing govern-
ment, they can exercise their consti-
tutional right of amending it, or
their revolutionary right to dismem-
ber, and overthrow it.")
Such a statement, coupled with
Secretary of State Stettinius' care-
fully-phrased opinion that European
peoples should be allowed to work
out their own governments without
interference, gives added proof of
the changed position this nation is
carving in international affairs. And
gives Americans cause to be proud
instead of shamefaced, as the British ,
people now are, for the way we are!
living up to the principles for which
this war is being fought.
We would like to make one point,
however, in regard to the Secre-
tary's statement. While it directlyI
applies to Britain, it indirectly
applies to Russia, as well, with thea
assumption that the policies and
purposes of the two nations are
similar, and that the same warning
is needed for them both.
THIS is actually riot the case. Quite
aside from the theoretical con-
victions of the leaders of these two
United Nations, the actual, selfish,
practical aims are different, and
color their policies in completely
opposite ways. Great Britain is still1
an empire. After the war her main
concern will be to consolidate that
empire, and to find markets for the
products she will manufacture. There
is much juggling going on now in
Washington to find a way to give her
these markets without injuring post-
war American trade.
Russia, on the other hand, is
primarily interested in having a
chance to rebuild her industries,
homes, schools, and to repopulate
her depleted citizenry. The thing
she needs most, therefore, is assur-
ance of peace through friendly re-
lations with the nations on her
border. She has no imperialist
aims, and no anxiety over foreign
markets, which means that her
interference in the internal affairs
of the small states on the west will
only be to keep pro-fascists out of
control.
BRITAIN apparently intends to step
in wherever kings are being de-
throned, collaborationist capitalists
punished by the people, and liberal
democratic governments are being
established according to the wishes
of the members of the resistance

movements, who fought foreigners
first, but are not afraid now to fight
countrymen, for the things they
desire: Peace, Bread, Land.
To students of the Spanish Civil
War, this is not.a new pattern. But
it is an assuredly dangerous one.
And to those who remember similarl
democratic uprisings after the first
World War, and the way they were
smashed by France, England, and
the United States, it is ominous. If
Britain is allowed to continue, the
whole history of the last twenty
bloody years might be repeated.
For that reason, we are thankful
for the positive policy of our own
State Department, for the sound,
peace-desiring policy of the Rus-
sians, and for the loud objections
voiced by the British people against
the repetition of the English gov-
ernment's imperialistic war-breed-
ing attitude.
Big Gamble
T HE ARGENTINE Government has
taken over all the gambling bus-
iness in the country. Its largest gam-.
ble, however, continues to be its
truculence toward the United States.
-St. Louis Post Dispatch
By Crockett Johnson

PEOPLE who live in The Daily!
office should not throw the Eng-
lish language around so freely. Some-~
times the tendency of the populace
is to return the compliment. This
dribble drabble refers to that fugitive1
from the G. I. can that Dorothy PottsE
submitted to The Daily on the sixth
of December.
I agree- reluctantly- that we
should have a certainfreedom from
much of the tripe that "goes to'
press," but The Daily is no exception.
In the past few years I have observed
-yes, I can see . . . also read, by the
way-that The Daily doesn't exactly
print all the facts. It seems that Mr,
Drew Pearson manages to make the
editorial page only when that liberal
gentleman from Moscow, one Bern-
ard Rosenberg, fails to do his bad
deed for the day:
Come on, Eager Beavers, let's
start printing all the material from
the more informed columnists ra-
ther than boring your readers with
idle dissertations on the evils of
our social structure. This is some-
thing that we know is present, but
show me another nation in the
world which has progressed to our
level of living in America.
-Pat Ryan
Bond Drive
By LT. COL.
JAMES WARNER BELLAH
For weakness in
the future of this
Country - or for
strength, the civil
population of the
United States is
the only large civil
population in the
world that does
not know war.
Neither-by bomb-
BELLAH ing, nor shelling,
by the death of little children in the
streets, by hunger, by cold, by home-
less wandering or by the agony of
large casualty lists in their own time;
nor by the memory and influence of
war in the time of their parents, do
they know.
All the other large civil populations
of the world do know war-almost to
the last man, woman and child, by
experience and heritage. They have
become toughened by it, disciplined,
inured to its hardships and if their
cause is right they accept now the
inexorable challenge to fight it tc
victory with the last breath, the last
drop of sweat, the last tear.
The crosses are white and lonely
in the moonlight of Buna and Tar-
awa, Saipan and Leyte, Oran, Lic-
ata, Anzio, Cassino, St. Lo and
Aachen.
Somewhere at this moment, an
American boy gives his hands, his
eyes, his feet-all of his future liv-
ing.
Believe these things. Know in
your heart their vital challenge to
humanity.
And guided by them, work, sweat
and buy bonds!
DAILY OFFICIAL
BULLETIN

the U.S. Veterans Administration.
Dearborn, Mich., will be available for
consultation in the office of the Vet-
erans Service Bureau, 1514 Rackham
Building today.
State of Michigan Civil Service
Announcements for Institution Bak-
er, A2, Al, B, and C1. Salary range
from $132.25 to $180, for State Hos-
pitals, Sanatoriums and Michigan
Soldiers' Home, ohave been received
in our office. For further informa-
tion stop in at 201 Mason Hall, Bur-
eau of Appointments.
City of Detroit Civil Service An-
nouncements for Head City Planner,
Salary range from $5,750 to $6,470,
and Assistant Director of City Plan-
ning, Salary range from $6,990 to
$7,710, have been received in our
office. For further information stop
in at, 201 Mason Hall, Bureau of
Appointments.
Academic Notices
School of Education Students,
Other than Freshmen: Courses drop-
ped after Saturday, Dec. 13, will be
recorded with the grade of E except
under extraordinary circumstances.
No course is considered officially
dropped unless it has been reported
in the office of the Registrar, Rm. 4,
University Hell.
Bronson-Thomas Prize Competi-
tion in German: Students interested
in competing for the Bronson-Thom-
as prize should call at the depart-,
mental office, 204 University Hall,
immediately, where they may obtain
further information and register for
the competition.

Exhibitions

Architecture Building, main corri-
dor cases, through Dec. 9, "How an
Advertisement Is Designed." An ex-
Vjibit furnished by courtesy of Young
& Rubicam, Inc., New York.
Events Today
All Catholic Students: The Feast
of the! Immaculate Conception, a
holy day of obligation. Masses at
St. May's Chapel at 6:30, 7, 8 and
9 o'clock.
The Geological Journal Club will
meet in Rm. 4065, Natural Science
Bldg., at 12:15 today. Mr. C. N.
Swinney will discuss "Northern Cali-
:ornia quicksilver deposits" and Mr.
a. N. Davies "The areal geology of
,he manganese deposits of Guisa-Los
Negros, Oriente, Cuba." All inter-
ssted are cordially welcome.
A meeting of the University of
;Michigan Section of the American
Chemical Society will be held at 4
p.m. in Rm. 151 of the Chemistry
Building. Dr. J. E. Kempf of the
Department of Bacteriology will
speak on 'A Survey of Antibiotic
Agents." The public is cordially
invited.
Inter-Racial Association: There will
'e a meeting of the executive board
of the Inter-Racial Association at 4
o'clock in the Union. Members of
the board should bring their eligibil-
ity cards at this time.
Hillel Foundation: Religious ser-
vices will be conducted by Rabbi
Jehudah M. Cohen and A/S Eugene
Malite tonight at 7:45. Sermonettes
on the topic "The Students and the
Jewish Scene" will be given by Mar-
tin Shapero, '44, Sylvia Savin, '46,
and Joyce Siegan, '46. Refreshments
and a social hour will follow.
The Student Religious Association
will hold its weekly coffee hour in the
Lane Hall Library this afternoon
from 4 to 5:30. Students, servicemen
and faculty members are invited.
Dancing Lessons: The USO dan-
cing class will be held this evening
from 7 to 8 o'clock.
U.S.O. Friday Night Dance: There
will be a dance at the USO club
tonight from 8 to midnight. There
will be refreshments. All servicemen
and USO Junior Hostesses are in-
vited.
Cting Events
Student Recital: David Holland,
organist, will present a recital in par-
tial fulfillment of the requirements
for the Master of Music degree at
4:15 p.m. Sunday, Dec. 10. His pro-
gram will include compositions by
de Chambionnieres, Handel, Bach,
Karg-Elert, Benoit and Purvis, and
will be open to the public.
Michigan Christian Fellowship:
Michigan Christian Fellowship will
have a skating party on Saturday
night Dec. 9. All members who are
planning to attend should be at the
skating rink at least by 7:30, There
will be a social hour 'following the
skating. Come toh726 Oakland, the
home of Mr. and Mrs. F. L. Smith,
whenever you're weary of skating.
We'll be looking for all of you. Come

,X,
" .,


b

FRIDAY, DEC. 8, 1944
VOL. LV, No. 32
All notices for The Daily Official Bul-
letii are to be seat to the Office of the
Assistant to the President, Iail Angell
Hall, in typewritten forin by 3::39 p. in.
of the day preceding its publication,
except oar Saturday when the notices
should be submitted by 11:39 a. m.
Notces
To All Members of the University
Senate: The first regular meeting of
the University Senate for the current
school year will be held on Monday,
Dec. 11, at 4:15 p.m. in the Rackham
Amphitheatre. The agenda is as
follows:
Report of the Senate Advisory
Committee on University Affairs-
A. D. Moore, Chairman.
Election of Three Members of the
Senate Advisory Committee on Uni-
versity Affairs.
Report on Contracts with the
Armed Forces - Professor M. L.
Niehuss.
Statement by President Alexander
G. Ruthven.
Notice to All Faculty Members and
University Employees: Employees on
"full-time" and on annual or month-
ly salary who ordinarily receive a
vacation at the expense of the Uni-
versity and pay on holidays and for
a reasonable period of sick leave if
necessary, are not entitled to pay-
ment for "overtime," whether in their
own or another department of the
University unless such arrangement
shall have been authorized in ad-

4


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E

BARNABY

That anguished screech is from a desperate

It sounded around here. Where

Look atfthe name on it! The