Lie igm 4:Init WEATHER ClearI and Coti nud CAlA, TGUaY I VOL. LV, No. 15 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, NOV. 17, 1944 PRICE FIVE GE Six R iES HURLED I TO E a IOFFENSIVE Two New Units Plow Through Nazi Defenses Soviet Troops Smash Nearer to Budapest) Reds Cut into Nazi Line' On A ustro-Czech Border Units of Second Ukrainian Army Storm, Capture Important Gyomro Rail Station LONDON, NOV. 16-(A)--Russian assault forces unhinged the main German defense line 10 miles east of Budapest today, and far to the north- east struck to within five miles of Miskolo, battling along roads leading to Austria and Czechoslovakia. Russian troops also crossed the Budapest-Miskolo Railway at Vamos- gyork, 36 miles northeast of the Hungarian capital, cutting into the rear of a sizeable group of Germans and Hungarians trying to hold the central section of that trunk line, the Moscow daily communique announced. Sayre Urtoes Independence Of Philippines More than 2,350 As Sizeable Gains Bombers Blast Front Lines Are Made by Allied Forces Sees ATll K. Need for Infanitiynmen Close In on Japs at Limon Artillery Fire Goes on In Ormoe Corridor WAR AT A GLANCE By The Associated Press WESTERN FRONT-Six arm- ies in new general offensive. Vet- eran First and long-hidden Ninth join four others on 300 mile front. Aerial warfare speeded up.. PACIFIC FRONT - American troops on Leyte tighten grip on Japs. Nimitz announces revised list of Jap losses in Nov. 12 strike in Manila Bay. RUSSIAN FRONT-Red assault forces unhinge main German de- fense line near Budapest; push along road toward Austria. By The Associated Press GENERAL MACARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, PHILIPIPINES, NOV. 1--Infantrymen of the 24th Division and dismounted First Divi- sion Cavalrymen are tightening their grip on the Japanese salient at Li- mon, four miles south of Carigara Bay, on Leyte Island, headquarters reported today. American long-range artillery "continue its havoc" throughout the Ormoc corridor, leading from Ina- mpoan to the besieged port of Ormoc, a communique said. Strengthen Mountain Holds Other Yanks infantrymen are cod- solidating their positions in the cen- tral mountain ranges, east of Ormoc corridor, from Mt. Monoro to Mt. Mamban. The two peaks are about eight airline miles apart. Combat and reconnaissance patrols are "combing the intricate network of trails in the mountains to clear out scattered enemy parties." Heavy tropical rains, however, are restricting operations. American fighters bombed and strafed the Ormoc area, sinking over 30 barges in the harbor. A Japanese motor pool at Valencia, near the cen- ter of the Pinamopoan-Ormoc road, was destroyed, with the loss to the enemy of many "dozens of vehicles." Enemy air activity was negligible, the communique added. Seize Mapia Islands While the battle for Leyte moved toward its climax a small force of Americans seized the Mapia Islands, enemy lookout post off the north- west New Guinea coast. The new in- vasion, a protective operation to re- move Japanese spotters, was about 900 miles southeast of Leyte. The Mapia landings were made Wednesday, covered by naval and air bombardment. Only light re- sistance was met. A headquarters spokesman said the objective was to protect the important Allied airbase on Biak Island, immediately south in the Schouten group. CAMPUS EVENTS Today Choral Union Concert; Fritz Kreisler, 8:30 p.m. at Hill Auditorium. Today Union Dance. Nov. 18 Guy Lombardo broad- cast, 10 p.m., WXYZ, Detroit. Nov. 18 Michigan - Wisconsin In what appeared to presage early battles inside Budapest itself, Mar- shal Rodion Y. Malinovsky's Second Ukraine Army units stormed and captured Gyomro rail station, 10 miles from the capital, thus knocking out the pivot of German defenses girding the prize city. The station is nearly a mile northwest of Gyomro village, which Berlin said also was under Soviet assault. Sixteen miles northeast of Buda- pest other powerful Soviet tank and infantry forces swept through Dany in a headlong race along a road that by-passes Budapest on the north and leads to Vienna, Austrian capital. By seizing Dany these units were less than 11 miles southeast of God- ollo, strategic road and rail junction governing the ,routes to Vienna and into central Slovakia. The Soviet bulletin disclosed that Russian troops, expanding their trans-Tisza River front northeast of Budapest to a length of 125 miles, had crossed the upper section of the Tisza at two new points, outflanking the famous wine center of Tokaj and racing in from the east toward im- periled Miskolc. Registration for Blood Bank ToW Be Next Week Registration to fill a large campus blood bank quota will be held next week in the diagonal, Sam Goodman, head of the Union blood bank a- nounced yesterday. The Red Cross Mobile blood bank unit will be here Dec. 14-15 and it is important that students and servicemen donate blood, Goodman said, as "nationwide blood donations have been inade- quate during the past months to take care of the wounded over- seas." Jean Loree of the League. will cooperate with Goodman in organiz- ing registration of men and women on campus, 18 years of age and older, for the December blood bank. Eligibility requirements to con- tribute blood state that a student must be at least 18 years of age, and if between 18 and 21, he must have a proxy signed by parent or guardian permitting him to donate blood. Donors must observe a ten week interval between successive donations. . Servicemen between the ages of 19 and 21 do not need special permis- sion to donate blood. Regulation proxy forms will be available at the diagonal registration booth, Goodman said. Belgians Are Told to Join Regular Army LONDON, NOV. 16-()-In the midst of a government crisis, Bel- gium's Premier Hubert Pierlot, in a nation-wide broadcast over the Brus- sels radio, tonight called upon mem- bers of the country's resistance units to disband and join the regu- lar army and surrender their arms by nextSaturday "or be prosecuted with the full vigor of the law." The Prime Minister's broadcast came at the close of a turbulent day in which hundreds of uniformed and civilian members of the resistance gathered near the houses of parli- ament to demonstrate against the government's decision to dissolve the "white army." lew conomy "In the Philippines, independence is the only practical way out," the son. Francis B. Sayre, HigheCo- missioner to the Islands at the time of the Japanese invasion declared yesterday in an Oratorical Associa- tion address at Hill Auditorium. He outlined the following steps in our relations with the Philippines: 1) Drive the Japanese invaders out of the Islands. 2) Establish the complete politi- cal independence of the Philippines. 3) Work out a practicable pro- gram for economic independence. 4) Aid the Filipinos in the recon-' struction of their country. 5) Cooperate with the Filipinos in the establishment of world secur- ity. Filipinos Ready For Independence The Filipinos are ready for inde- pendence, Sayre maintained. "Six years of experience has proved that the commonwealth arrangement is unsatisfactory to both governments," he asserted, "and is, therefore, un- stable." Sayre left Manila Christmas Eve, 1941, to go to Corregidor, remaining there for two months. He left Cor- regidor Feb. 21, 1942, and travelling' via submarine passed under the bat- tle of the Java Sea, arriving in this country in March,.1942. He stressed the necessity of achiev- I ing economic independence for the Islands, pointing out that as long as the Philippines are dependent on the United States, which grants them accessibility to a free market, for 80 per cent of their exports, they cannot be truly independent. Discussed Bases in Islands With respect to naval and militaryt bases, the High Commissioner said, "It is not a question of a great power seeking to impose its will on a small nation. Filipino leaders recognize that it is a cheap price to pay for protection from the most powerful navy in the world." He urged that the bases be held by a community of nations rather than by any individual nation for the purpose of maintaining Pacific security. Railroad Union Praises Perkins WASHINGTON, Nov. 16.- (P)- The Railroad Brotherhoods' official publication "Labor" today editoriallyt defended Secretary of Labor Perkins,j saying she had tried to safeguard the interests of workers. "It is pretty well agreed that Presi- dent Roosevelt will not make any sweeping changes in his cabinet," said the editorial, captioned "Why Pick on Frances Perkins?"s Referring to reports that Secretary Perkins would be replaced, "Labor" said "big publishers and other reac- tionaries don't like" her. "Generally they argue that a wo- man should not occupy that posi- tion," the comment continued. "There is a good deal to that, but it isn't the reactionaries' real reason for criticizing the present Secretary1 of Labor."1 By The Associated Press SHAEF, PARIS, FRIDAY, NOV. 17-Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower welded the Allied attack in the West into a great all-out six-army offensive pointed straight at Berlin yesterday by hurling two more American armies into the line and in the first few hours they captured up ot a dozen small towns in and beyond the Siegfried Line. The long-hidden U. S. Ninth Army, which slipped quietly into the line north of Aachen weeks ago, and the veteran American First Army, launched simultaneous assaults yesterday inside the Reich through the gaping hole already torn in Hitler's Siegfried Line. More than 2,350 U. S. and RAF heavy bombers based in Britain delivered a series of blows at the enemy directly in front of the attack and headquarters of the First Rrmy officially described the greatest tactical air support of the war. Both American Armies registered sizeable gains in the opening hours of their offensive, overrunning numerous small towns and villages. The Ninth, taking its place between the British Second and American First armies, lashed out north of Aachen. on a nine-mile arc between Geilenkirchen and Eschweiler and swept ahead 2,000 yards to within four miles of the Roer River. Resistance was heaviest in the area of Settrick, about four miles east of Ubach. Associated Press correspondent Wes Gallagher, at the front, said many objectives were taken ahead of schedule. The little towns of Euchen, five miles northeast of Aachen, an dImmendorf, Beggendorf and Floverich, all from two to three miles east of Geilen Irchen, were captured in the first few hours. Shocked German prisoners were taken by the score as the Americans broke through the crust of enemy defenses. At the hour of assault the Eighth Air Force sent more than 1,200 heavy bombers under 450 fighter escort hammering across the skies and loosening a storm of anti-personnel bombs on Duren and Eschweiler, between Aachen and the Rhine in a tactical assault comparable to that whicp touched off the St. Lo break-through in France. The U. S. First Army under Lt. Gen. Courtney H. Hodges leaped from muddy foxholes at 11:00 a. m. and launched the assault on an un- disclosed sector of the front under the druming thunder of bonibs and heavy artillery raining on enemy positions ahead. On the left flank, the mysterious U. S. Ninth, struck at 12:45 p. m., plowing into Germany behind a big aerial bombardment after -an 800-mile leap-frogging trek across the paths of other Allied armies that befuddled the Germans. From the front dispatches filed through strict-censorship restric- tions energed one fact-for the first time the United States now has four great armies hammering against Germany. These concerted blows were dealt even as the U. S. Third closed a nutcracker on Metz in the second week of its offensive, the British Second drove to within a mile of the Maas river facing Germany some 30 miles north of Aachen in the second day of its attack, and the U. S. Seventh and French First Armies struck deeper into the German, Vosges Mountain lines guarding the southern Rhineland. See FRANCE, Page 2 ADMIRAL INGERSOLL TAKES OVER NEW COMMAND-Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, former Commander in Chief of the Atlantic fleet, reads his orders naming him commander of the western sea frontier as he took over his new command aboard his flagship at the Navy Yard at Washington, D. C. 135 SLAUGHTERED:- German Hoax Results in Mass Execution of Dutch Civilians { ..._ By The Associated Press HEUSDEN, The Netherlands, Nov. 16.-How the Germans deliberatelyl blasted to death 135 women and children they had lured into the basement of the town hall "for safe- ty" was described today by the bur- gomaster of this medieval Dutch town of 2,000 people. The 'mayor-weary from at- tempts to restore some semblance of order in the stricken commun- ity-said the Germans dynamited Post-War Trade Is Discussed Economic Future Is Outlined by Churchill LONDON, NOV. 16--(P)-Prime Minister Churchill told the House of Commons today that once Germany is beaten "We must make exertions to restore our export trade," but that first on the production priority list would be the filling of essential civil- ian needs in clothing, furniture and housewares. In his first public discussion of the growing question of postwar econo- mic competition among the Allies, the British leader endorsed the suggest- ion of one member that "undue re- striction" on export industries ought to be removed, but he accompanied this, with the statement that "until Japan has been defeated the war must have first call on our efforts." The housing shortage in ravaged sections of Britain would have to be tackled "as if it were a wartime measure," he said. the town hall and two beautiful old Catholic and Protestant chur- ches before withdrawing under the pressure of British advances. "It was terrible, terrible," he said. ,'The Germans pretended to be help- ing our people find shelter from British artillery and then they them- selves set off dynamite which killed 135 of the 200 people in the basement of the town hall." He gave this account of the tragedy, which was first announced a week ago by the official Nether- lands agency: "Between 2 and 3 o'clock Nov. 5, the 200 villagers were huddled in the basement when suddenly there was a terrific explosion. The build- ing shuddered and caved in, leav- ing a pile of dusty rubble. Only 65 of those who took shelter on the Germans' advice escaped death. Simultaneously the two ancient churches of Heusden were blasted into a great pile of shattered brick. "The Germans had placed dyna- mite under the structures, using a plunger to blow up the three build- ings at the same time, after setting a time fuse to allow them to escape the blast." Med, Dent Students May Join 'M' Union Medical and Dental students who have been unable to register this term for the privileges of member- ship in the Men's Union may do so today. Those in the Dental school may register from 8:45 to 9:15 a.m. today in the lobby of the Dental building, while Medical students may register from 12:45 to 1:15 p.m. in the lobby of the East Medical Building. Revised Jap Fleet Casualty List Revealed' U.S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD- QUARTERS, Pearl Harbor, Nov. 16. -(AP)- Third Fleet carrier planes sank one Japanese cruiser, four de- stroyers and 11 cargo vessels and oilers in Manila Bay during the Nov. 12 strike, revised figures showed today. Adm. Chester W. Nimitz in a com- munique today listed this revised list of damage: One light cruiser sunk (it prev- iously was reported badly damaged). Four destroyers sunk (two had been reported "exploded"). Eleven cargo vessels and oilers sunk (this same number was reported sunk or set ablaze). The Pacific commander also re- ported that a Navy search Liberator probably scored a bomb hit on a small Japanese cargo vessel near Iwo Jima and a Marine Mitchell bomber possibly hit a medium-sized cargo ship at Haha Jima. British Will Relax Conscription Laws LONDON, Nov. 16.-(IP)-Britain's conscription age maximum limit will be lowered and numerous manpower controls will be relaxed in the inter- val, between the defeat of Germany and the end of the war with Japan, Minister of Labor Ernest Bevin an- nounced today. Making public a plan for reallocat- ing manpower to industry, Bevin said that the conscription age for men for the war against Japan would be from 18 to 27 as soon as the war in Europe ended. The present draft age maximum is 35. Men's Judiciary Council Massive Aerial Assault Opens Allied Offensive LONDON, Nov. 16.-(IP)- Three thousand heavy bombers and almost as many fighters and mediums launched a massive new aerial as- sault on western Germany today with 2,500 Lancasters, Fortresses and Liberators touching off a gigantic winter offensive by the American First and Ninth Armies. Five bombers and five fighters were missing from 1,200 Eighth Air Force bombers and 450 fighters that poured into the Aachen area for an hour, unloosing 5,000 tons of fragmenta- tion bombs between Duren and Asch- weiler on the road to the Rhine. It was the first time since D-Day RAF heavyweights had struck in dir- ect support of advancing American troops. The Lancasters concentrated their approximately 5,000 tons of TNT on buildings in the vicinity of Duren, Julich and Heinsberg that had be- come storage depots for German ammunition and gasoline. About 250 Mustangs and Spitfires escorted the British heavy bombers in their assault on enemy installa- tions and troops east of the Holland panhandle. The RAF announced that its big fleet was controlled throughout the day by Master Bombers, who claimed that all attacks were highly concen- trated. This was the first time that the term "Master Bomber" had been used officially, although it was no innovation. War's Medical Progress Told WASHINGTON, Nov. 16.- ()- The United States would have lost this war swiftly. Brigadier-General A MASTER PERFORMER: Kreisler To Appear Here for Concert- <"? Fritz Kreisler, recognized through-t out the world as the master violinist of the present day, will be heard at 8:30 p.m. today in Hill Auditorium at the third Choral Union Concert.l Program Listed Kreisler, who will be accompanied quartets, violin concertos and oper- ettas. Kreisler many times has been the center of a storm of controversy because he edits compositions into more practicable shape for his per- formance. His version of Tschai- instruments, a Stradivarius, a Gagli- ano, and two violins of Joseph Guar- nerius del Gesu. No Instrument Preference For recitals in smaller halls, Kreis- ler uses the Stradivarious, a small, delicate instrument. The Gagliano