Y x DaiIig WEATHER Fair and Warmer, Light to Moderate Winds VOL. LV, No. 93 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MARCH 13, 1945 PRICE FIVE CENTS Soviets Take K uestrin, Open New Drive * * * * * * * * * * * * * * First ArmyE Wins Two Towns, Threatens Ruhr 40,000 U. S. Troop sReported in Push To War Factory Cities in River Basin By The Associated Press PARIS, March 12-The U. S. First Army jumped off early today in the first big Allied assault east of the Rhine, scored gains up to two and a half miles, and expanded its bridgehead to nearly five miles deep and 11 miles wide. At least two more towns were seized, bringing to 21 the number cap- tured on the east bank since the Americans charged across the Ludendorff bridge from Remagen five days ago. xpands Bridgehead East of Rhine * *:t * *: : New Red Thrusts Reported by Nazis Russians Smash German Defenses Northwest of Danzig, Close in on City By The Associated Press LONDON, Tuesday, March 13-Kuestrin, the fortress city 38 miles northeast of Berlin on which the Nazis hinged their central Oder River line defenses, fell to the Red Army yesterday and its capture was an- nounced by Premier Stalin even as the German radio was reporting a new Russian offensive from bridgeheads west of the river. The new drive, unconfirmed by Moscow, merged thrusts from several Soviet crossings of the Oder south of Kuestrin "into a single attack on a broad front," the enemy broadcasts said. McWilliams To SpeaK Today On Minorities Noted Sociologist Wrote Several Books Carey McWilliams, prominent edit- or, author and sociologist, will speak on "Racial Minorities" at 8 p. m. to- day in the Rackham Amphitheatre. Formerly Commissioner of Immi- gration and Housing in California, McWilliams was ousted from his post in 1943 by Governor Earl Warren, against whom he had vigorously cam- paigned. Made Study of Religion in U. S. At that time he began a study of the sociology of 'religion in the Unit- ed States, comparing the growth, present status and possible future of U. S. churches. His ideas on the racial problem stem from years of preoccu.pation with the history of minority peoles and professional familiarity with Negro homes and segregated quarters. His book, "Brothers Under the Skin" contains discussions on the Filipinos, Porto Ricans, Mexicans, Hindus anti Koreans, as well as on the Indians, Japanese and Negroes. He points out that the South has received only 6.3% of the war con- tracts largely because southern indu- stry won't make proper use of Negro labor. Appointed Editor of "The Nation" McWilliams was recently appoint- ed editor of "The Nation" and has been a frequent contributor to the "New Republic. In addition, he has made frequent radio appearances, participating in the Chicago Round Table and Town Meeting of the Air. Now a practicing lawyer in Cali- fornia, McWilliams was made chair- man of the Committee for the Pro- tection of the Foreign Born in 1940 and was awarded a Guggenheim fel- lowship in 1941. The lecture is sponsored by the Department of Sociology and is open to the public. Ati-Discrilniination Bill Is Signed by Gov. Dewey ALBANY, N.Y., Mar. 12--(A")-New York today became the first state in the union to enact a law making re- ligious or racial prejudice in select- ig workers a punishable offense. Governor Thomas E. Dewey, after a 45-minute public ceremony in the executive chamber, signed the Ives- Quinn anti-discrimination bill. Similar legislation is being con- sidered by seven other states and also by Congress, New York's law is effec- tive July 1. CAMPUS EVENTS Today Carey McWilliams, prom- inent sociologist, will dis- cuss "Racial Minorities" at 8 p. m. in the Rackham Amphitheatre. Today Prof. Charles E. Koella will speak on Georges Courteline in Cercle Fran- cais series at 4:10 p. m. in Rm. D, Alumni Memorial Hall. Today Benjamin Owen will pre- sent piano recital at 8:30 p. m. in the Lydia Men- deisnshn Thnr. The Germans said Lt. Gen. Court- ney H. Hodges had thrown 40,000 troops, including two armored and two infantry divisions, into the push which placed the Ruhr's factory cities in their gravest peril of the war. 3 Miles From Highway to Ruhr The greatest American advance was eastward. More than four miles almost due east of Remagen bridge, tanks and infantry seized Ginster- hahn and Hargarten, slashed across a German lateral supply line, and pressed to within three miles of a super highway to the Ruhr. Previously the Americans had driv- en five miles north into Honnef on one main highway to the Ruhr, and were less than 25 miles from the southern region of the 600-square mile basin teeming with war facto- ries. One counterattack was beaten back at Honnef today. Eleven miles south of Honnef for- ces driving south fought into Hoen- ningen, six miles southeast of the Ludendorff bridge. Attack Rolls Over Westerwald Associated press correspondent Don Whitehead said the attack rolled over the steep, wooded hills of the West- erwald in the blackness of 5 a. m. Boats shuttled men and supplies across the Rhine to life some of the load from the bridge, and the Ger- mans said Hodges had established 'manyiRhine crossings" north of the bridge. Enemy broadcasts predicted that soon J Field Marshal Montgomery would lash out across the Rhine north of Wesel in a grand scale offensive to clamp a giant pincers on the Ruhr. Divided Locl4 By Executive DETROIT, March 12-(IP)-George T. Christopher, president of Packard Motor Car Co., told a Senate sub- committee tonight that most of the labor troubles in his plant were due to a divided local union of the United Automobile Workers (CIO). He said the present local head, whom he did not name, has no con- trol over the men and that there was no way to settle a grievance in the shop except by saying "yes." Louis De Bearne is president of the Pack- ard local. Christopher testified before the committee, which is investigating war production in the Detroit area, fol- lowing a long parade of union stew- ards and plant workers who had charged labor hoarding in the Pack- ard plant. "What do you mean by labor hoard- ing?" Christopher asked. "That means keeping a man you have no work for and don't expect to have any work for. "When we took on the job of build- ing the Rolls-Royce aircraft engines, we took it on for 800 a month. We boosted production to 2,754 a month. Then we were asked to build 4,000 a, month. We couldn't do it." WLDB Directive Ends Four Day Stoppage DETROIT, March 12-(P)-A Re- gional War Labor Board directive to- day to the Thompson Products Co. to reinstate 20 discharged workers and revoke suspensions against 129 others was accepted by management, end- SHELLS EXPLODE ACROSS RHINE-Ninth Army shells explode on the east bank of the Rhine River in German-held territory across from Uerdingen, Germany, north of Dusseldorf. The broken structure is -the Adolf Hitler bridge, destroyed by retreating Germans when the Yanks captured Uerdingen. Ruthven Makes Red Cross Plea For Dortatioflt He Asks Stuadents 11To1 Fill Quota of $4,50 An appeal to all University students for help in their annual drive for $200,000,000 went out today from the Red Cross National Headquarters, and, at the same time, from Presi- dent Alexander G. Ruthven. In a statement to The Daily today, President Ruthven said, "About 22,000 hen and, women, former Michigan students, are now with the colors. Many of them you and I know well, for it is not long since they were among us on the campus. "If we could personally I-in 'to them, wherever they are, the coin- radely cheer which they knew here and which they sadly miss in the hard and lonely places to which war has taken them, each of us would eagerly seize the opportunity. Even more would we hasten, if we could. to comfort those in sickness or in pail. "I ese things. Whichh we canllot do ourselves, the America RFled Cross, our own creation, is doing every day with a cheerful thoughtfulness that, is truly American. Its activities merit universal support, but particularly support from us here at the Univer- sity who know so well what should be the privileges of youth and how gallantly they have been left behind as youth's sacrifice to duty." The goal for the carUpus dive, which started last week, has ben set at $4,500 of which $1,137 has been contributed. Members of the League and Union staffs will solicit all su- dents during an intensive two-week campaign. According to latest totals, Ann Ar- bor's War Fund drive has reached the 60 per cent mark. PanlelAdvice To Sorority r" leS0Ve Riusiees Giveia Additional instructions for the first week of rushing parties are explained by Panlllenic Association in the following letter: "Dear Rushees: Now that we are beginning the invitational parties, a word of warning is hecessary. The initial. four parties are all part of the first unit, and since every house cannot have all their list of prospective rushees back at the first two func- tions, those coeds who have not yet received an invitation to a house may receive one for the week-end parties. "The women are asked to come to the Panhellenic Office from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Friday, get their week-end invitations. A MESSAGE TO WOMEN: Rights Carry Responsibii"t-y Iin Time of War, Dean Say s "IN THE SCHOOL YEAR 1944-45 women are enrolled in the universities and colleges in greater numbers than ever before. Many of them arc in college with a serious, well-defined purpose and are making a fine thing of their opportunity for training and education. These are very welcome members of the University community. "But as the record of the first term is written, we know that their parents and citizens of Michigan a raw deal. Any student who is noLt putting her° utmost effort Into her work is unworthy of her contemporaries in the armed forces. Those women who are wasting their time, neglecting their classroom work, doing no war work, acting in an inconsiderate manner toward those in the same house who are trying to work, do not belong here or in any other university, especially during wartime. In the last two montls many women have admitted that they have not been working w itli their full powers. Reports of undue noise, confu-- sion and irresponsibility in dormitory, sorority, and league house have been legion. "Women now claim equality of rights. They must then shoulder equal responsibility, The young women of America are Nazi commentators claimed this offensive was not a drive on Berlin itself, but was aimed at "extension of the Russian bridgeheads and at getting the Oder crossings out of range of German artillery." Stalin's order of the day announc- ing the capture of Kuestrin was pre- ceded by another order which dis- closed that German defenses north- west of Danzig had been smashed by the Second White Russian Army and that Soviet forces were closing in rapidly on the great port city itself. City Partially Destroyed Kuestrin fell to Marshal G. K. Zhukov's First White Russian Army after a week of bloody street fight- ing. Much of the city, situated on the Oder's east bank at its confluence with the Warthe River, was destroyed as Soviet dive-bombers, artillery, mor- tars and flame-throwers blasted out the Nazi defenders. The Nazi defenders had to be blasted out of the citadel city on the Oder's east bank where the Oder and Warthe Rivers meet. Much of Kues- trin was destroyed, block by block, by Soviet dive-bombers, artillery, mor- tars and fiamethrowers. Berlin commentators insisted that the Russian attacks south of Kues- trin and west of the Oder were not yet a drive on Berlin itself but were aimed at "extension of the Russian bridgeheads and getting the Oder crossings out of range of German ar- tillery." Heavy Attacks Continuej Moscow did not confirm westward attacks from the Oder bridgeheads., Meanwhile the Russians pressed their heavy attacks on Stettin, Dan- zig and Gdynia. A communique from Moscow dis- closed that Marshal Konstantin K. Rokossovsky's forces northwest of Danzig actually had sliced that ter- ritory into small sectors and had pushed within eight miles of Gdynia Instrunents ROAD TO BERLIN 1-Eastern front: 32 miles (from Zellin). 2 -Western front: 272 miles (from east of Remagen). 3-Italian front: 544 miles (from Reno River). Incendiary Raid Leaves Nippon City in Flames 300 B-29's Hit Nagoya, Jap Aircraft Center By The Associated Press 21ST BOMBER COMMAND, Guam, Mar. 13, (Via Navy Radio)-Fifteen first still were burning in Nagoya, chief aircraft production center of Japan, 12 hours after a terror- spreading middle of the night incen- diary raid by more than 300 B-29 bombers. Reconnaissance photographs dis- closed today the greatest single item in the official list of flame-swept tar- gets was the Aichi aircraft works' Eitoku plant. A total of 358,000 square feet (nearly 14% of the roof area) was destroyed. This included complete gutting of one of the main sub-assembly buildings. Extensive Damage Is Unexpected Smoke at the time the photographs were made at noon yesterday still obscured a large portion of the city but the 21st Bomber Commnd does not expect to find "any extensive damage under the smoke," said Maj.- Gen. Curtis Lemay, commander of the 21st, after viewing the pictures. Major damage was done in five areas centered about two miles south of Nagoya Castle but the flames evi- dently were controlled just as they started to merge. Tokyo Mission More Successful Lemay said, however, the strike was not as successful as the Tokyo mission 48 hours earlier, when more than 300 B-29's devastated the heart of the Japanese capital. Neither did the fires spread as rapidly as In Tokyo, he added. Latest information raised to 16.7 square miles the extent of destruc- tion in Tokyo, Lemay said. Last estimates were 15 square miles. 'ilel Offers Class Series In Lang ages Everyone is ivited to enroll in the series of language courses and discussion groups being offered this semester by B'nai Brith Hillel Foun- dation. Yiddish classes, beginning today, will be held from 7 to 9 p.m. every Tuesday. Hebrew instruction will be offered from 7 to 9 p.m. Wednesdays, starting tomorrow. The classes will be conducted by Irving '-Panush, graduate student in philosophy. A course in "Contemporary Jewish History" will be taught by Dr. Max Dresden of the Physics department. Starting with the French Revolution and the emancipation of the Jews in Europe, the movements and reforms of the subsequent periods will be traced. and their relation to the the only large group of young people in the world who at the tole fro m present have the opportunity of higher education. The men of our nation have faced one of the hardest winters of the war in all the battle areas. As a new term starts, every woman enrolled ill the University should work and work hard in order to justify those who have enough faith in her to offer her education and in order that she may be worthy of the sacrifices, that are being made for her. Anything less than her best effort is not good enough." Alice C Lloyd, Dean of Women CHINESE LEADER SAYS: IV China ,Nweeds U.S. En cvne.ers, Jqutpmieiji or Watc~er Sytr'aeins "4I Bluron Tower Two English horns and a. flute valued at $750, were stolen from a locker in the basement of Burton Memorial Tower late Friday after- noon, according to Prof. William D. Revelli, Concert Band conductor, who reported the theft to the police de- partment. "The instruments are absolutely ir- replaceable, because the Paris fac- tory where they were manufactured will not be in operation again until after the war. Second-hand pieces are very scarce," Prof. Revelli noted. "We believe it must have been the work of professional thieves, because of similar occurences on other cam- puses," he revealed. The horns are owned by the Uni- versity, and the flute is the property of Margaret Ruby, music student, from whose locker they were stolen. The instruments were insured, Prof. Revelli stated. Peacetime T raining Will Be Discussed "Do We Want Compulsory Train- ing?" will be the subject of a debate between Capt..S. W. Curtiss, head- quarters company commandant of the 31st Infantry, Michigan State Troops, China after the war will have to build modern, sanitary water supply systems in most or all of her large cities, and she is depending on engi- neers and equipment from the United States to help her get the job done, T. Y. Koo, head of the Sanitary En- gineering Service of the. Chinese Nationalist Government, said in an interview this week. .fuel were extremely cheap. In the city it cost less to hire a man to carry up water from the river, buy wood and boil the water to make tea. Now city labor has gone up so much, just like the price of fuel, that it will cost folks less to put in a modern water supply and let machinery do the work of the men. "Of course, that's the immediate *'fllcfll 3it ill ha tinfn fl,, nk fit i ;