SAW JAPANESE-OCCUPIED MANILA:

t

Indomitable C
By DORIS WEST
This is a story of indomitable courage-the kind of daring
responsible for winning wars.
It is the story, of Lt. Col Emigdio Cruz, Filipino Army
officer, who, while in this country, was assigned by the late
Manuel Quezon, President of the Philippines, to return to Man-
)la to get vital information about Japanese occupation.
Lt. Col. Cruz, now in Ann Arbor observing thoracic
surgery under Dr. John Alexander, is the only known man
from this country to reach and leave Manila while it was
occupied by the Japanese. With the approval of Gen. Doug-
las Mac9rthur, he was sent to Manila in 1943 to discover how
the Filipino people felt about the departure of Gen. Mac-
Arthur, President Quezon and other leading figures in the
Philippine government.
Col. Cruz was also to determine the loyalty of the Philip-
pinos to the United States and .to the Philippine government in
exile, and to secure first hand information about life in the
Philippines during the Japanese occupation.
To reach his destination, Col. Cruz, made his way on foot
through Jap and malaria infested jungles. Traveling under an
assumed name and disguised as a merchant, he went by sailboat
from island to island buying and selling goods as he journeyed.
On May 14, 1943, Col. Cruz left the United States on an
American transport bound for Australia. "In Australia," he

7
courage

of

Filipino

Army

off c

said, "Gen. MacArthur told me that my mission was a very
dangerous one. He gave me a ten per cent chance of getting
into Manila, and no chance of getting out alive."
From Australia, Col. Cruz took a submarine to the island
of Negros, where he boarded a sailboat headed for Panay.
When he was told by the guerillas at Panay, who were to fur-
nish him with another sailboat to take him to Manila, that
the Japanese were preparing to raid the town, he returned
to Negros.
The guerilla leader at Negros furnished Col. Cruz with
guides and he started walking north. He crossed streams,
rivers and jungles, and during this trip saw his original party
'dwindle from 17 to three. On this 14 day trip, he had only
five square meals, and three of these consisted of a monkey, a
snake and an iguana lizard. He lived on roots the rest of
the time.
The mayor of one of the towns Col. Cruz passed through
,n his way northward was asked by the Japanese to make
a speech praising them in his native dialect. Instead of com-
mending the Japanese, however, the mayor assured the Fili-
pinos that the Americans would return. This speech was trans-
lated to the Japanese by an enemy of the mayor, and he was
condemned to die.
As his last wish, the mayor asked the Japanese to shoot
him in front of the municipal building which he had built.

The translator who had betrayed him was among those
witnessing his execution. Just before the mayor was put to
death, this traitor pointed out the mayor's brother to the
i Japanese, and said that he was an active member of the
guerilla forces. In a futile attempt to make the brother ad-
mit that he was a guerilla, the Japanese slit and skinned the
mayor's arms before him. While still conscious, however, the
mayor warned his brother not to talk.
At a coastal town on the northern part of Negros, Col.
Cruz bought cassava flour, corn, chickens, and eggs, so that he
could pose as an inter-island merchant. He engaged a sail-
boat whose crew came from southern Luzon, and returned with
them. During the trip he learned the dialect of these men.
,In a province of southern Luzon, by speaking the local
dialect, Col. Cruz convinced the puppet mayor that he was a
Tagalong merchant who had stayed among them for a
long time. In this way he acquired a residence certificate and
a certificate of membership to the "Kalibapi," the Japanese
sponsored neighborhood association. With these credentials, he
bought more provisions and sailed northward to another province
south of Manila.
Here he rented a hotel room, end managed to convince
some Japanese officers who ate their meals in this hotel that
,he was a merchant selling eggs and firewood. He even suc-
ceeded in selling some firewood to one of the officers.

er Is Revealed
lIe later invited this officer to be his guest for dinner,
and, in gratitude, the Japanese officer invited him to visit
the garrison. This officer later helped Col. Cruz to get on a
train to Manila.
"Manila was still intact then," Col. Cruz said. "The most
important means of transportation," he remarked, "were bikes
and also busses pulled by horses. The scarcity of medicine and
food was apparent, and prices were sky high. When women went
to shop, they had to take sacks of Japanese money. Market
vendors had piles of money stacked high around them,"
"Although the Japanese attempted to fraternize with the
Filipino people," Col. Cruz said, "they were not very suc-
cessful, for the Filipinos never liked them. I contacted many
prominent statesmen who had been left behind, and found
them all biding their time until the return of the Ameri
cans."
Col. Cruz, personal physician of the late President Quezon,
returned to America by the same route that he came. He was
awarded the Distinguished Service Cross by Gen. MacArthur and
the Medal of Valor by President Quezon. Col. Cruz is the first
person to receive the Medal of Valor since its initiation in 1931.
It is the highest award conferred by the Philippine govern-
ment, and is the equivalent of the American Congressional Medal

VOL. LV, No. 161 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JUNE 1, 1945

WEATHER
C onsiderably Cloudy'
with Showers
PRICE FIVE CENTS

New

Tuition Rates

To

Take Effect Nov.1


WAR NEWS IN BRIEF
Report Chinese Capture Ishan Rail Town
CHUNGKING, May 31-(/P)-Chinese troops were reported tonight to
have captured the south China rail town of Ishan, 43 miles west of the
former U. S. Air Base city of Liuchow, as they dug deeper into the nar-
rowing corridor leading into French Indo-China where thousands of Japa-
nese are isolated.
* * * * *
Japs Attempt Counterattack in Philippines
MANILA, June 1, Friday-(,)--Japanese forces have attempted
widespread counterattacks against Filipino guerrillas and American
infantrymen on Luzon and Mindanao as well as against Australians on
New Guinea, but a Headquarters spokesman said today they were
"almost uniformly unsuccessful."
Yanks Advance 1,200 Yards on Okinawa
GUAM, Friday, June 1-(P)-Breakthrough advances up to 1,200 yards,
threatening "the enemy's whole central island position" on Okinawa, were
3cored yesterday by American forces which have killed 61,519 Japanese
in the campaign up to May 30.
** * * *
Combat Casualties Exceed Million Mark
WASHINGTON, May 31-(/P)--Combat casualties of American
armed forces passed the million mark today, roughly 3 i years after
the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor.
The total of 1,002,887, which covers fighting up to about a week before
V-E Day includes 227,097 killed, 607,468 wounded, 63,455 missing and
104,867 taken prisoner.

Syria

Expects British, U.

S.{ ((i, c

BEYRUTH, May 31.- -P-Syria expects "assistance beyond advice from
Britain and America, considering both powers responsible for the loss of
hundreds of Syrian lives," Saadula Jabri, speaker of the Syrian parliament,
said today.

Dean Lloyd
To Speak at
Youth .Rally
'Frisco Cotiference
To Be Discussed
Dean Alice Lloyd will represent the
faculty as guest speaker at the rally
to be held at 8:15 p.m. EWT (7:15
p.m. CWT) Monday in Rackham Au-
ditorium where representatives of
the World Youth Council will give
impressions of the United Nations
Conference.
Representing Denmark, China, Yu-
goslavia, Czechoslovakia, and the
United States, the group will visit
the University Monday and Tuesday.
They are en route to attend the
World Youth Conference to be held
in London in August.
Explain Conference
They are returning from San
Francisco where they represented
the World Youth Council as observ-
ers at the conference. The purpose of
the tour is to relate their personal
impressions at San Francisco and
to explain the significance of the
forthcoming World Youth Confer-
ence.
In addition to the rally which is
open to all students and faculty, an
informal tea will be held from 3 to 5
pam. Monday in the Iternational
Center, and under the auspices of
the Center. Faculty members and
students are invited to attend this
reception.
Hold Discussion Group
A Tuesday discussion group from
10 a.m. to noon in Lane Hall will be
held for student leaders who wish
to meet with the group. Following
thib meeting, th five will leave for
Wayne University, Detroit.
Sponsored by a combined commit-
tee representing all organizations on
campus, the quintet includes Svend
Beyer Pedersen of the Danish Youth
Council; Yang Kang, a Chinese st-
dent; Frances Damon, executive sec-
retary of American Youth for a Free
World; Maria Michal, a Czech stu-
dent; and Lt. Lvonofer Jurissic, a
Yugoslavian veteran of the war.
U' To Graduate
900 Seniors
Dean Stason To Give
Comencenent Talky
More than 900 seniors will be
graduated at commencement exer-
cises to be held at 10:30 a.m. EWT
(9:30 a.m. CWT) June 23 in Hill
Auditorium, Herbert Watkins, assis-
tant secretary of the University, an-
nounced yesterday. The address will
be delivered by Dean Edwin Sta-
son of the Law School, and the Rev.
J. Brett Kenna of the First Metho-
dist Church will render the invoca-
tion. Preceding the exercises, grad-
uating seniors in academic costume
will march in procession from the
General Library to Hill Auditorium.

.:. °: n

aj

DESTRUCTION IN JAPAN-Boxes indicate number of square miles
in Japanese cities that have been destroyed by U. S. air attacks. Damage
in the recent Yokahama raid, has not been determined definitely.
'U' ECONOMIST SA YS:
retton Woods Would Be
Basis for World Economy

Jabri, here enroute to Cairo for a meeting of the Council of the
League of Arab Nations June 4, charged that France was aiming at
domination of Syria, either by mandate or by treaty and was using
troops on the "absurd" ground of protecting communications with the
Far East.
PASS HALFWAY MARK:
TU' Boed Sales Soar ieatrly
$20,000 over Week-End Total

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JAPAN Nragaka -' . Koryama
Seri Of Japan Takaoka -TaHt ONSHU:
Kaanazawa Mato
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3.06 S:.Mi51 Sq.Mi.
'Koh, ul -- TTAK
1 27SSYOoha
WWI sue q~i 3.3 Iq.M;

Increased Operational Costs
Force Raise in Student Fees
Summer Session Charges Will Be
Higher For Non-Resident Students
A new schedule of raised tuition fees, expected to increase receipts from
this source by approximately 10 per cent, will become effective at the begin-
ning of the Fall Term, Nov. 1, University officials announced yesterday.
The action was taken to help meet increasing operation costs due to
generally increasing price levels, the University said. Smoothing out cer-
tain inequalities in the differential between resident and non-resident fees
was given as the second major reason for the revision.
Under the new schedule, full program students in the Literary
College, who are residents of Michigan, will pay $65 instead of $60 per
semester and non-resident students will pay $110 instead of $100,
Resident engineering students will pay $70 per semester, an increase of
$5, while non-resident students' tuition will be $130, up $10
University income from tuitions has declined more than $500,000, taking
the years 1940 and 1944, thus in part' accounting for the increase.

0? 100
SIATUTI MPILlS


Realization of the unstable world
economic relations during the inter-
war years has led to the establish-1
ment at Bretton Woods of the inter-
national bank and the stabilization
fund, Prof. William Palmer of the
economics department declared yes-
terday.
Palmer Cites Problems
Speaking under the sponsorship of
the Post-War Council, Palmer qited
as problems to be overcome in setting
up an institution for international
lending, the high rates charged on
loans at fixed sums, the need for
loads, the necessity for repaying the
clarification of the purposes for which
the loans would be used and recog-
nition of the way that the loan would
fit into the conditions within the bor-
rowing or lending country.
"The International Bank," set up
at Bretton Woods Palmer explained,
- BULLETIN -
WASHINGTON, May 31.-(/)-
A very large force of B29s struck
Osaka today, the 20th Air Force
announced tonight. Congested in-
dustrial areas of the city, which
had not been under aerial attack
by American planes since March
14, were the target of today's mid-
morning raid.

"is organized to facilitate interna-
tional lending in three ways: naking
loans directly out of the capital' re-
sources of the bank, lending money
out of the proceeds of the sale of
bonds issued by the bank and guar-
anteeing repayment of loans made
by private lenders in foreign coun-
tries. "All loans will be carefully
investigated by an impartial group of
experts," Palmer stated, "and a low'
commission paid on each loan will
accumulate into a reserve fund to be
resorted to in case the borrower de-
faults in his payment."
The economist pointed out that
the bank will make possible interna-
tional lending on an undreamed of
scale. It will provide, he explained,
investment outlets for the savings in
the various countries and provide the
means for increasing the level of pro-
duction in backward countries.
'Trade Was Impeded
"Fluctuating exchange rates," Pal-
mer explained in a discussion of the
stabilization fund, were extreme
after the first world war and made
foreign trade almost impossible." He
added that the artificial controls on
exchange rates and on the market for
goods led to discrimination and poli-
tical domination and tended to in-
crease bilateral trade. "A reduction
in the volume of world trade result-
ed," he declared.

Summer session fees remain un-
changed for resident students except
for a 10 per cent increase in law and
music. All fees were raised by that
amount for non-resident students.
Fees for reduced p±'ograms in all
schools were increased approximately
10 per cent for resident students and
more for non-residents.
Irregular fees in the Medical and
Dental, Schools remain virtually,
unchanged except for post-grad-
uate dentistry, which is up S75 to
$140 per semester for residents and
up $130 to $210 for non-residents.
These new fees include Health Ser-
vice, physical education, and
League or Union privileges, here-
tofore paid for. n addition to the
tuition.
Tuition for the University's for-
estry station, Camp Filibert Roth,
unchanged for residents, have been
increased approximately 10 per cent
for out-state students. The geology
short course at Camp Davis, Wyo.,
The Regents also decreed that any
See TUITION, Page 2
Ch ian gKai-she k
Resigns Post
Brother.in-Law Gets
Preuer Assignment
CHUNGKING, May 31.--(/)-Pres-
ident Chiang Kai-shek 'turned over
his job aE; premier of China today to
his brother-in-law, acting Premier
T. V. Soong, and apparently intends
to devote his energies primarily to
fighting the Japanese as Supreme
Allied Commander in the China the-
ater.
The elevation of the American-
educated Soong possibly paved the
way for an accord between the
Chungking government and the Ye-
nan communists, toward whom his
attitude always has been moderate.
Soong, 50, is a brother of Mrs.
Chiang Kai-shek and one of the most
popular leaders in China. He was
educated at Shanghai, Columbia and
Harvard. For years he was Chinese
Minister of Finance. In addition to
the premiership, he is China's for-
eign minister.
t(1 ionn 0 i.ni nllc' nim rnrim1 nnsd~finn c

Injunetion Is
Denied Luckng
BJudge Toms
Ann Arbor To Furnish
Fire Protection for 'U
Circuit Court Judge Roberti M.
Toms yesterday denied the tempor-
ary injunction sought by William A.
Lucking, Detroit attorney, to pro-
hibit the City of Ann Arbor from
furnishing further hre protection to
the University.
Judge Toms explained that his
decision is not final. He indicated
that it was possible for such an- in-
junction to be granted.
Lucking Sues University
Suit against the University and
four other property holders was ini-
tiated recently by Lucking who
maintains that Ann Arbor firemen
should not be responsible for fires on
University property unless author-
ized by the state legislature.
Lucking, owner of the Wolverine
Building here, said that existing Ann
Arbar fire fighting facilities are in-
adequate to handle city calls in addi-
tion to University fire hazards.
Zahn Testifies
Testimony given by Fire Chief Ben
Zahn revealed that it has been a
common practice to furnish the Uni-
versity with fire protection although
there is no written agreement to
that efect.
The case is not closed, Judge Toms
added. Further hearings will be held,
probably in the near future.
Prof. Kraus To
Lecture Today
Prof. E. H. Kraus of the Geology
Department will speak on "Some In-
fluential European Mineralogists" at
an open meeting of the Geological
Journal Club at 12:30 p. m. EWT
(11:30 a.im. CWT) today in Rm. 4056,
Natural Science Building.
Prof. Kraus will - present the in-
fluence of Freiburg University in
Saxony, and of A. G. Werner, pro-

University bond sales soared near-
ly $20,000'over the weekend total as
reports following the Memorial Day
holiday indicated that campus sales
have reaphed $55,368.75, more than
half way toward the $100,000 goal in
the Seventh War Loan.
In addition to the announced
total, army units in the Judge Ad-
vocate General's school yesterday
contributed $715.50 to the Univer-
sity quota. All soliciting of the
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Student Religious Associ-
ation Coffee Hour from
4 to 6 p. m. EWT at Lane
Hall.
Today "An Evening of Ballet"
at 8 p. m. EWT in Ann
Arbor High School Aud-
itorium.
Today Senior Ball from 9 p. m.
to 1 a. m. EWT in the
Sports Building.
June 2 Annual Crop and Saddle
horse show from 9:30 a.m.
to noon EWT at Golfside

school was done by coed Patricia
Barrett, who, while not officially
connected with the campus drive,
volunteered her services for the
day.
JGP booths in 'U' Hall reported
over $2,500 cash value of boncts sold
yesterday to faculty members. Con-
tributions were heightened when one
man bought three $1,000 bonds. The
JGP booths will remain open today,
selling bonds, war stamps and War-
sages ,extra war stamp corsages left
from the V-E dance Tuesday.
More and more persons are coin-
ing to regard bonds in the light of
investment securities, R. Gordon
Griffith, head of the University cam-
paign, declared yesterday. "It is en-
couraging to find that the University
staff appreciates the real investment
quality of the Series E bonds," he
said.
Twice during the present drive
the University has run out of its
supply of $1,00 bonds. Whereas
most bonds purchased in earlier
drives were of the smaller $25 and
$50 varieties, today the directors

WMC INSTITUTE:
Industrial Physicians Pledge
Support of Placement Plan

Support for the War Manpower
Commission's selective placement
plan for cdisabled1vete~rans wasnklr1g-

sey, Dean of Wayne University's
School of Occupational Health, and
Dr. Carl Peterson of the American