__THE MICHIGAN DAILY EwENs$A 11"j A 3i'UL 4 1:1 t : c4 idja at WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND: Discharge Credits Now Fixed T he Pendulum Fifty-Fifth Year vim- ;- . , .' -4'f lI Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Evelyn Phillips Margaret Farmer Ray Dixon . Paul Sislin Hank Mantho Dave Loewenberg Mavis Kennedy Dick Strickland Martha Schmitt Kay McFee Editorial Staff * . .Managing Editor Editorial Director . . . . . City Editor Associate Editor . . Sports Editor . . . Associate Sports Editor . . . . . Women's Editor Business Staff . . . Business Manager . . . Associate Business Mgr. . . . Associate Business Mgr. Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for re-publication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of re- publication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscriptions during the regular school year by car- rier, $4.50, by mail, $5.25. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVERT31NG OY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publisbers Representative 42o MADISON AVE. New YORK. N. Y. C.4ICAGO - OSTON - Los ANGELEs * SAN FRANCISCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1944-45 NIGHT EDITOR: LOIS IVERSON' Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. China s Choice CHINA is faced with a choice and her decision is all-important to the Allies. Will she continue to follow her determination to go "all- out" in the fight against Japan, as she did from 1938 to 1942, and try to become an inde- pendent power at the peace conference? Or will she watch the Allies fight the war, contrib- uting bases and some soldiers, and accept mere- ly the status of a beneficiary at the conference? According to Owen Lattimore, who spent 20 years in China and was Chiang's adviser in 1941-42, if China decides to do her full share, the peasants will have to be organized, and that involves concessions to them. This ac- tion naturally runs counter to the landlord interests 'of the Kuomintang group, which dominates part of China. Opposed to this party is the Communist-Unit- ed Front group. The Communist party- con- trols or dominates 80 million people and is supported by them. Newspaper men 'have in- vestigated both areas and discovered that basic economic conditions are better in Communist China; that conscription and taxation are more equally distributed there; that many progres- sive, educated Chinese have moved into the Communist-contro ed region, but few have fled from it; and tha it is more nearly democratic than Kuomintang China. Governing and rep- resentative committees are selected, and the Communists limit themselves to one-third of the representation while in the Kuomintang terri- tory it is almost impossible for a non-Kuomin- tang tohold office. The two forces are at a deadlock. The Com- munists threaten civil war if their terms are not met. Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek is in the middle. Negotiations have failed so far, The conflict is evidenced by the ousting of Ho Ying-Chin as War Minister and his retention as Chief of Staff and commander of the ground forces. He is a proponent of the theory' that China has done her share and can now let the Allies win the war. Writing in the February Atlantic Monthly, Lattimore favors political compromise, with a government elected by the people and headed by Chiang (the choice of the Chinese) and unity of military command. In the March United China Relief publication Dr. Chian Mon-Lin, president of National Pek- ing University, expressed views which indicate that the essence of Lattimore's suggestions may be followed. He predicted that the Kuomin- tang Party Congress convening in May will legalize other parties, making possible a coali- tion government. Generalissimo Chiang Kai- Shek has taken a stand in the controversy, hav-. ing called the People's Congress to inaugurate a constitutional government. Above all, self-determination should be en- couraged by the Allies. But a more immediate, material consideration is the effect that the Kuomintang government would have on the duration of the war should it become guided by such men as Ho Ying-Chin and his "let's sit this war out" policy. Authorities agree that the decisive battle will be fought in China, and the By DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-Here is how the Army will de- termine what men are to be discharged after the war in Europe is over. Special forms have been quietly sent to commanding officers in all theatres. They are to be distributed to the G.I.'s who will fill them out, try to figure out the number of credits they have earned to give them a quick return home. The one thing still undecided by the Army is the number of credits necessary for immediate release. This columnist is able to reveal, how- ever, that: 1.All credits will be determined as of the date the war in Europe is over. 2. Special credits will be given for overseas service, and overseas service will mean any service outside the continental limits of the U. S., including Alaska. Thousands of men who served in Alaska will receive overseas credit. Overseas service will be determined from the day a man leaves a port of embar- kation. 3. Combat credit will be given only for those receiving the Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, Legion of Merit, Silver Star, Distinguished Flying Cross, Soldiers' Medal, Bronze Star, Air Medal, Purple Heart or bronze service stars for battle participation. No other awards or ribbons will be included. 4. Credit will be given for children who are under 18 years of age on the day the war in Europe ends, but for some mysterious reason the Army will not allow credit for more than three children. Note-One mystifying thing about the forms which have been secretly sent commanders over- seas is that they make no provision for a ser- viceman's age, thus men over 38, many of whom have not been declared physically fit to go overseas, will have to sweat it out longer in uniform than younger men. Kaiser Conciliates .. . FEW PEOPLE realize it, and shipbuilder Inry Kaiser is too modest to admit it, but he was the guiding genius behind the recently signed pledge for post-war industrial peace just pro- mulgated by Eric Johnson, president of the U. S. Chamber of Commerce, CIO President Phil Mur- ray and A. F. of L. President Bill Green. Kaiser figured out the scheme last fall after seeing the terrific bitterness of the election campaign. He first approached Bill Green. told him that if Green was sincere about be- lieving in a 60,000,000-job program, manage- ment needed assurances of labor peace. Green was agreeable. Next Kaiser visited CIO President Phil Mur- ray, found he was also in hearty agreement. Murray even pointed out that certain CIO unions were already trying to sign post-war compacts with employers, guaranteeing no strikes and full labor-management cooperation. Finally, Kaiser went to Eric Johnson, sold him on the idea that a joint pledge by business and the two big labor groups would be a great help to the nation. Johnson agreed to call the first meeting, invited Kaiser, Murray and Green to a hush-hush din- ner in his Mayflower hotel suite, debated the entire proposal up, down and sideways. Not content with a bare statement of unity and pledge of labor-management peace, Kaiser has now quietly proposed that the U. S. Cham- ber of Commerce, the A. F. of L. and the '10 set up a new, well-financed organization which can actively go about the business of contact- ing local labor leaders and local business men, preaching the gospel of cooperation on that level. Petriill oCrackdown... CONGRESS is so steamed up about the ram- bunctious practices of horn-tooter James Cae- sar Petrillo, head of the American Federation of Musicians, and bushy-browed John L. Lewis, Mine Workers' chief, that responsible labor lead- ers are greatly worried that it may pass the Bailey bill. Authored by Senator Bailey, North Carolina conservative Democrat, the bill provides that em- ployer payments to a union for any purpose other than a check-off of union dues be outlawed. This would invalidate the agreement Petrillo won after defying the record manufacturers and the government for two years, and which provides that the manufacturers pay his union a royalty on every record made. It would also rule out the ten-cent-per-ton coal royalty Lewis asked after he saw Petrillo get his. Even though many of them have little sym- pathy for the Petrillo-Lewis methods, labor lead- ers see in the Bailey bill far more danger than ON SECOND 4 1' ~THOUGH'T...4 g Rag Dixon BYRNES resigns, Vinson takes over and the post of Federal Loan Administrator is as loanly as ever. When Br. Lewis discussed the topic of "Pharmacy in Michigan, 100 Years Ago and Today," we thought we noticed an agrarian in the audience looking for information on his pharm. The Nazis are now faced by an underground terrorist organization called the "Werewolf." We know a lot of married men who were wolves. appears on the surface. For if the bill becomes law, it will knock out not only Petrillo royalty set-ups, but also numerous negotiated agree- ments whereby employers agree to pay a small portion of their payroll into health funds jointly administered by the union and the employer. These are used to pay sickness and accident benefits, medical costs and death benefits for employes, and more and more employers are agreeing to include contributions to these funds in their contracts with the unions. There have been no complaints about these funds, but they will be illegal if the Bailey bill be- comes law. Capital Chaf.. .. THE RFC has named the New York firm of Fuller, Smith and Ross to handle advertising of surplus property to be sold through RFC. This firm is also the advertising representative for the Aluminum Company of America, which has a major interest in plant facilities to be sold through RFC. . . espite the wide publicity ridiculing him a few months ago, representative William Gallagher, former Minneapolis street cleaner, has won the respect of his colleagues in the house. He still occasionally mistakes a young congressman for a messenger, but he is listened to with interest when he has something to say about legislation. (Copyright, 1945. Bell Syndicate. Inc.) I'D RATHER BE RIGHT: World Fund By SAMUEL GRAFTON. SOME OF THE BANKERS who testified before Congress last week propose that we tear the Bretton Woods agreement neatly down the mid- dle, and throw half of it away. They like the World Bank, but they don't like the World Fund. They say the purposes of Bretton Woods can be served by the Bank, with- out the Fund. Let us see if this is so. What fol- lows may not make exciting reading, but there is a kind of duty in a democracy to discuss the dull points, too. Sometimes an awfully dull point makes the difference between whether a generation has peace, or war and it has hap- pened in history that children have bled bcause their fathers were bored. The World Fund is a pool of money, to which all the nations of the world contribute. Each contributes its own kind of money, of course; we put in dollars; the British, pounds the French, francs, etc. When a country discov- ers that it needs some other nation's money, and finds it hard to obtain it in the normal course of business, it goes to the Fund, and borrows from it the kind of money it requires to pay what it owes in foreign trade. The Fund is a place to which any country can go, and obtain a certain (limited) amount of any other country's currency, putting up its own as security. It is not intended that the Fund will finance the bulk of world trade; or any- thing like it. Most transactions in foreign ex- change will take place outside the Fund, as they always have. The Fund is only a kind of final recourse; and it is always good for men or nations to have one last place to which to go for help. The thought is that the mere existence of the Fund will help to preserve confidence in all currencies. It will also help to keep countries from jiggling their currencies, or dumping their goods, because they will know they can get assistance from the Fund, instead. A seller in world trade will know that the foreign nation to which he sells has the Fund behind it, and he will sleep better of nights. So will the world. Some of our bankers say this is all too compli- cated; throw it out. If a nation is up against it, let's make it a special loan, instead, they urge; through the World Bank. or something. But that is like advising a friend not to buy an insurance policy, on the ground that you'll lend him some money if his ouse burns down. Instead of having the Fund to whi to go, as a matter of right, a distressed nation would have to negotiate for a loan, on the merits of the case, just at the time when its credit was poorest. Loans are not a substitute for the Fund; the Fund is a general device for making all loans better loans. Those who do not see this, miss the whole point of the Fund. The Fund is intended to change the moral and economic climate of the world. Its purpose is not to help out nations in distress, but to prevent distress from occurring. The root idea is to generate enough confidence in currency stability so as to raise the, total level of world trade. The thought is not to help the weaker brother. but to make him a stronger brother. Without the World Fund, therefore, this be- comes a different kind of world. Since that is what we are discussing, the question of what kind of world we want, we laymen dare not leave the matter to technical banking opinion alone. We are compelled to barge into the issue, and take part, for in the end the final decision has to be made by a convention of laymen, called Congress. I seem to remember that if we had been guided wholly by bank- ing advice in this country we would never have had bank deposit insurance. Each of us knows what a difference that has made in our moral and financial climate here at home. (Copyright, 1945, New York Post Syndicate) By BERNARD ROSENBERG "OPTIMISM and Conservatism, the first and second of the main ob- stacles lying on America's road to full freedom, were interrelated." So writes Professor G. A. Borgese in his excellent political treatise, "Common Cause". I think the diagnosis is bas- ically sound except that it must be extended toinclude the left as well as the right. Both have too often succumbed to a nineteenth century determinism that bespeaks irresist- ible triumph for their side. The flaw in the ointment of left wing political prognostication is one silly word: inevitability. Thus, to Karl Marx, surveying the world in 1848 when he and Engels shook Eur- ope with the Communist Manifesto, it seemed that no combination of forces could deflect the imminent dictatorship of the proletariat. The dictatorship of the proletariat, nearly Grass A OSE is a rose is a rose is a roseaccordingto Gertrude Stein, and the same can be said of grass, except when it's trodden into the ground. Michigan boasts one of the most beautiful campuses in the na- tion. This beauty is deliberately maintained by the Building and rounds department. In ordinary years, a large staff maintained cam- pus greenery; this staff has been depleted by the war. Therefore, if the University campus is to continue to be beautiful, everyone must co- operate. Those carefree individuals who have foresaken the sidewalks for the turf will have to restrain them- selves. The cobblestones and con- crete of city "campuses" are the alternative. So don't keep off the ,grass; just stay on the sidewalk! i -Milton Freudenheim one hundred years later,'Is still im- minent. The ostensibly bloodless communist revolutions never came off, till one actually did ignite where Marx himself least foresaw it-Im- perial Russia. The Marxist analysis insisted that communism would inevitably stem from decomposed capitalism (rust as capitalism had stemmed from decomposed feudalism where heavy industry developed to such a high degree that an intensified class conflict between worker and employer sundered the old order. Had Marx been correct England or Germany or France would long since have been communized. Not only did communism fail to devel- op in the most highly industrial countries of Europe; it did develop in the one country where industry was least exploited. Whatever caus- ed the Russian upheaval it cannot be ascribed to exacerbated factory problems. Lenin, of course, abandoned this mechanistic Marxism and activated it into a dynamic philosophy. Sidney Hook, in "Toward an Understanding of Karl Marx" claims Lenin properly interpreted Marx, but the orthodox still shake their heads in doubt. One feels the time has come for a cessa- tion of haggling about what this man really meant and the assumption of responsibility for evolving a new set of precepts. It is one thing to argue that social- ism should prevail; it is something else again to prophesy that socialism must ineluctably prevail. Socialism no more hides coquettishly around the corner than prosperity did in 1929. History zig-zags, careens craz- ily, stands almost stock still. Move- ments may be afoot for centuries and never materialize. If I had to labrl myself it would be as a New Deal Democrat who believes that social democracy and the abundant life have to be fought for' in a long uphill battle-by knocking out one citadel after an- other of entrenched plutocracy. I do not think that the whole of it can be swept away over night, or that Russia will in our times reach political and economic freedom sooner by strong arm strategems than we in gentler fashion. I do think that such a Utopia as Edward Bellamy imagined is realiz- able -that and more. But. Bellamy, too, fell into the pitfall of inevita- bility. By now we should have reach- ed the state he so beautifully blue- printed in "Looking Backward". That we have not is manifest. that we were, with excrutiating pains, on the road to such a state in the brief hey- day of the New Deal is equally mani- fest. At present the biggest menace to the birth of full-blown democracy is the international cartel. New Deal- ers wish to fight this piratically mon- opolistic set-up. But such tactics would be tragically wrong if history concatenated in the way Bellamy thought. Among other things, he forecast that corporate pyramiding would rapidly produce a single gov- ernment-owned consolidation of in- dustry-or socialism. Maybe so-the extremes may meet. After God knows how long, socialism could germinate from the seed of capitalism. But what of us--caught in this interminably intermediary process? We are fools if we sit supinely back to see whether history will vindi- cate some self-appointed Jeremiah. The thing to do with trusts is smash them sky high, and by such tactics pave the way to the good life for which so many of us yearn. We cannot control, but we can cat- alyse or abort, the progress of our world. That progress will be inev- itable in the exact proportion to which progressives holding office push their constituencies toward the light and vice versa. 'S 4. I. 41 .1 ,; DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN - 41 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 4, 1945 VOL. LV, No. 112 Publication in the Daily Official Bul- letin is constructive notice to all mem- bers of the University.tNotices for the Bulletin should be sent in typewritten form to the Assistant to the President, 1021 Angell Hall, by 3:30 p. m. of the day preceding publication (11:30 a. m. Sat- urdays).j Notices Student Tea: President and Mrs. Ruthven will be at home to students this afternoon, April 4, from 4 to 6 o'clock. To the Members of the University Senate: A special meeting of the University Senate is called for Mon- day, April 9th, at 4:15 p.m. in the Rackham Amphitheater for the pur- pose of receiving and discussing the report of the Senate Advisory Com- mittee, "The Economic Status of the Faculty". State of Michigan Civil Service An- nouncements for Radio Engineer I, and II, $180 to $270 per month, and Grounds Superintendent I, $180 to $234 per month, have been received in our office. For further'informa- tion, stop in at 201 Mason Hall, Bur- eau of Appointments. City of Detroit Civil Service An- nouncements for Assistant Public Service Attendant, $.55 to .75 per hour, Life Guard, $.80 to $1 per hour, Playleader, $6.50 to $8, per day, Swimming Instructor, $6.50 to $8 per day, have been received in our of- fice. For further information stop in at 201 Mason Hall, University Bureau of Appointments. We have received in our office a request for Engineers from The Mas- ter Electric Company, Dayton, 0. They have district offices in 31 dif- ferent cities. Further information can be obtained at 201 Mason Hall, Bureau of Appointments. Michiganensian: Deadline for sub- scribing to the 1945 Michiganensian has been set for today. Lectures Spanish Lecture: La Sociedad His- panica will present the last lecture in the annual series this evening at 8 in the Michigan Union. Professor Irving Leonard will speak on "El Viaje de Sarmiento por los Estados Unidos." Tickets for the individual lecture will be on sale at the door for those who do not hold tickets for the series. Academic Notices The Five-Weeks' Grades for Navy and Marine Trainees (other than Engineers and Supply Corps) will be due April 7. Department offices will be provided with special cards and the Office of the Academic Coun- selors, 108 Mason Hall, will receive these reports and transmit them to the proper officers. Applicants for Combined Curric- ula: Application for admission to a combined curriculum must be made before April 10 of the final pre- professional year. Application forms may be obtained at 1220 Angell Hall and should be filed with the Secre- tary of the Committees at that office. College of Literature, Science and the Arts, School of Education, For- estry, Music and Public Health: Stu- dents who received marks of I or X at the close of their last semester or summer session of attendance will receive a grade of E. in the course or courses unless this work is made up by April 5. Students wishing an extension of time beyond this date in order to make up this work should file a petition addressed to the ap- propriate official in their school with Room 4, U. H. where it will be trans- mitted. Events Today I Seminar: Inter-Guild's seminar on Student Christian Movements will continue at 4 this afternoon with a discussion on "Effective Guild Pro- gram and Membership Standards". This meeting will be held in Lane Hall. Music Seminar: Mozart's "The Ma- gic Flute" will be introduced for study under Mr. Hetenyi at 7:30 this evening in Lane Hall. Anyone inter- ested will be welcomed. Attention Veterans! If the Veter- ans' Organization is to continue as a strong campus group, it is essential that you attend a meeting in Lane Hall at 7 this evening to nominate and elect officers for the current semester. Don't fail to be there! Botanical Journal Club: Rm.. N.S. 1139. Today, at 4 p.m., Barbara Bow- en, "The fungous gardens of leaf cutting ants." Fern Reissig, "Compar- isons of the morphology of Bacillus megatherium with light and electron microscopy", and Hazen Price, "Var- iation and physiologic specialization in'the common scab fungus, Actino- myces scabies". Anyone interested is cordially invited to attend. Wesley Foundation: Open House nnarrl Tn n n tn dict+ . mect>> inc Rm. 316, Michigan Union. Mr. T. E. Winkler, Dept. of Public Works, De- troit, will speak on modern methods of waste disposal. All engineers are welcome. The Philippine-Michigan Club will present Mrs. Pilar Lim speaking on "Asia Sees America's Vision", fol- lowed by songs andfolk-dancing by members of the club at 8:30, Hill Auditorium. Coming Events Tea at the International Center, every Thursday, 4-5:30 p.m. Faculty, foreign students, and their American friends are cordially invited. Phi Beta Kappa: Annual meeting on Thursday, April 5, at 4:15 p.m. in Rm. 1035 Angell Hall. Members are urged to attend. The International Center Camera Club: There will be a regular meet- ing on Thursday, April 5, at 5:10"at the Center. The program will include a talk by Mr. Augosto Munos. Mem- bers are urged to come. Michigan Chapter A.A.U.P. open meeting Thursday evening, April 5, at the Michigan Union. Join cafe- terialine atb6:15 and take trays to Faculty Club lunchroom. Informal discussion of report on the economic status of the faculty. Student Town Hall: All interested in the question on the 18-year old vote are invited to attend a debate and discussion led by Martin Shapero and John Condylis at 7:30 Thursday night in Lane Hall. The Regular Thursday Evening Record Concert will be held in the Ladies Lounge of the Rackham Buil- ding at 7:45 p.m. The program will feature Symphony No. 1, by Sibelius; Rhapsody in Blue, by Gershwin; Schelomo, by Bloch; and De Moldau, by Smetana. All graduate students are cordially invited to attend. The Cercle Francais will meet to- morrow at 8 p.m. in the Michigan Union. A nice program of social games and group singing. Come all. The Geological Journal Club will meet in Rm. 4065, Nat. Sci. Bldg. at 12:15 p.m. on Friday, April 6. Pro- gram: Professor W. H. Hobbs will speak on "Reminiscences of Ameri- can and Foreign Geologists." All in- terested are cordially invited to at- tend. Biological Chemistry Seminar will meet on Friday, April 6, at 4:30 p.m., in Rm. 319 West Medical Building. "The Porphyrins and the Porphyrias" ,will be discussed. All interested are invited. Th-P. i P1 r.,.,hA.-. C n irnA ''e. Y, vI I] 1 '4 t I I1 BARNABY By Crockett Johnson' ~II - That dumb-phone girl!... O'Malley, HIMSELF, just called up! And she got his message all , t., , .,..4 :, .4... r. rn .:- f ... Say! He considers the interest on those bonds petty cash!... He wants O'MalleyW F frc.- .: a nf s nni,-~- s uir,