THE MICHIGAN DAILY SATURDAY, MARCH 24, 1945 4~FiStyIfthau ail Fifty-Fifth Year WASIINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND: Lehman Gets Food to Poland T he P e ndulum I "I Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Evelyn Phillips Margaret Farmer Ray Dixon. , Paul Sislin Hank Mantho Dave Loewenberg Mavis Kennedy Dick Strickland Martha Schmitt Kay McFee Editorial Stafff . . . . Managing Editor . . . ' Editorial Director . . . . City Editor Associate Editor . . . . Sports Editor . . . Associate Sports Editor . . . . Women's Editor Business Stafff S . . Business Manager . . . Associate Business Mgr. . . . Associate Business Mgr. Telephone 23-24-1 Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for re-publication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of re- publication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscriptions during the regular school year by car- rier, $4.50, by mail, $5.25. Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1944-45 NIGHT EDITOR: MARY BRUSH Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. Why? AN ELECTION was held yesterday to fill the position of Union vice-president represent- ing the combined schools of Business Admini- stration, Education, Public Health, Forestry, Mu- sic and Pharmacy. The election has been pub- licized all last week. The polls were open for six hours. FORTY-FIVE PEOPLE VOTED. -Ray Dixon Labor-Baitmg PUBLICISTS, many servicemen overseas and civilians at home, are wont to categorically condemn organized laborers for work stoppages caused by a few men. These self-styled experts on production often neglect the very signfi- cant fact that a few men in key departments can by themselves halt production by refusing to work, in a war plant where many thousands of hard working men and women are employed. Take for example the situation in the U. S. Rubber Company strike in Detroit. Two men were fired in the trucking deprtment and were joined by others in that key department. Pro- duction in all parts of the plants had to cease when transportation of materials within and out of the plant became unavailable. Even if the other employes had not subsequently walked out on strike, they could not have done any work. The high degree of coordination germane to mechanized production with its assembly lines and conveyor belts, once broken, will halt pro- duction in the entire plant. The same situation would prevail in the vast organization and operation of government if, let us say by way of illustration, the Bureau of Internal Revenue was to resign en masse. While such a gesture would undoubtedly be applauded by some cynics, its effect on gov- ernment would be no less than that of the truck drivers at U. S. Rubber Company. We could not justifiably categorically con- demn everyone else connected with govern- ment any more than we should condemn the great majority of industrial workers whose production is stopped when a key department of a vast industry walks out on strike. The patriotism of American laborers, with few exceptions, cannot be doubted. Their sons, husbands, brothers and friends are fighting over- seas and knowing this, many work strenuously to supply them with munitions., Army and Navy E have been deservedly bestowed upon many workers. The organized laborers of this country are steady war bond buyers. Strikers, even those caused by a few erreconcilables, have been lower in this country than in Great Britain dur- ing the war. All these things are something to think about before lashing out in bitterness at labor unions and their members. -Arthur J. Kraft ON SECOND4 . THOUGHT... By Ray Dixon UNION MIXER will be held this afternoon, '1 not to be confused with Dick Mixer of the hockey team or sorority rushing. Navy medics on campus are all sporting By DREW PEARSON WASHINGTON-Between British operations in Greece, and Russian operations in Poland, patient, idealistic ex-governor Lehman, head of UNRRA, is having serious difficulties. Though Poland probably has suffered more than any oth- er country, UNRRA has onl.y just been able to start workers and relief toward that war-torn country. It was last summer that the Lublin govern- ment asked that UNRRA send a mission to help Poland. Governor Lehman's office immediately drafted a reply. But the U. S. Office of Censor- ship stepped in and said that the reply could not be sent to the Lublin government by uncoded radio because it involved information regarding the movement of supply ships and personnel. Whereupon Governor Lehman's office asked the State Department to send the message in code to the American embassy in Moscow, which in turn was to ask the Russian foreign office to deliver the message to the Lublin Poles. The State Department and the embassy in Moscow were glad to comply and the message was passed on to the Soviet foreign office. Sev- eral weeks passed, and Governor Lehman as- sumed that the message had been delivered. Then, suddenly, the Soviet foreign office, in rather an aggrieved manner, returned the mes- sage saying that it could not deliver it to the Lublin government. The Lublin Poles, it was explained, were a separate government and no part of Moscow. Therefore, the Soviets said, Governor Lehman should communicate with them direct. Moscow Says No... THIS, of course, was exactly what Governor* Lehman had tried to do, but had been barred by the U. S. censor. In the interim, Lehman had troubles with Moscow regarding the question of sending UNRRA workers into Poland to distribute sup- plies. To try to iron out these differences, Lehman proposed going personally to Moscow to confer with Stalin. For a time he thought this was all set. Then, suddenly, at the Montreal UNRRA con- ference last fall, Soviet delegate Vasili Sergeev got up and announced bluntly and publicly that Lehman couldn't go to Moscow. Under UNRRA rules, its own international workers must distribute relief in each country and nationals of that country are not to be in charge. However, the Russians have been sus- picious that UNRRA workers were disguised intelligence agents, and their suspicions were heightened by the way Col. L. F. R. Shepherd operated for British intelligence in Greece under the guise of an UNRRA worker. Despite rebuffs, Governor Lehman kept on patiently pushing aid for Poland and now his efforts have succeeded. Since the Yalta con ference ironed out the status of .the Lublin Poles, Russia has consented to have UNRRA workers go to Poland, and supply ships have already departed. Who's a Liar? SENATOR BUSHFIELD, South Dakota Re- publican, recently rose on the Senate floor and called this columnist various brands of liar because he reported that the Duponts, the Mellons, and the Pews of Pennsylvania had con- tributed heavily to the Senator's 1940 election campaign. If the senator wanted to indulge in name- calling (incidentally he wasn't very original in his epithets) he might also have included GOP treasurer W. H. Burke of Pierre, S. D., who filed a sworn statement on campaign con- tributions with the secretary of state of South Dakota. They included: Lammott DuPont, $4,000; Irenee DuPont, $2,500; Alfred Sloan, $2,500; Donald Brown (DuPont), $2,000; Ailsa Mellon, $5,000; Sarah Mellon Ccaife, $4,000; Colonel McCormick of the Chicago Tribune, $5,000; Mary Ethel Pew, $1,000; Earle Halliburton (Pew), $5,000; Joseph Pew, $1,000; Mabel Pew Myrin, $1,000. Commenting on these generous gifts from folks who lived a long way from South Dakota, Senator Bushfield gracefully said (Congressional Record, page 5849, June 12, 1943): "We are tremendously inspired that we have a government in this country which permits indi- vidual Americans to accumulate and make enough money so they can give this sort of contribution to their friends throughout the country." Wonder what is Senator Bushfield's definition of a liar? ParFatrooQIei r oteclion . .. IT HAS NOW BEEN exactly one year since this column revealed that American and British airborne paratroopers had been shot down by Allied naval gunners on the second night of the Sicily invasion. In making this disclosure it was also revealed that transport planes car- rying U. S. paratroopers were not equipped with self-sealing gasoline tanks. This meant that a bullet entering the gaso- line tank could easily cause the plane to catcl. fire and the paratroopers inside would find them- selves in a blazing cage without the remotest chance of jumping to safety. As a matter of fact this was the way many of the paratroop- ers over Sicily were killed. Immediately after the Sicilian disaster, a board of inquiry was appointed, and one recom- mendation was that self-sealing gas tanks be used on all troop-carrying transports in the fu- ture. Simultaneously, Maj. Gen. P. L. Williams recommended self-sealing tanks, also Col. Ralph Bagby, chief of staff for airborne infantry, and Brig. Gen. Mike Dunn, who participated in the Sicilian campaign. However, nine months passed after the Sicil- ian disaster and nothing happened. The War Department in Washington stood still. Finally Lieut. Col. Felix DuPont, a member of the Du- Pont family, and Lieut. Col. David Laux went over the heads of their superiors diret to Gen. Hap Arnold, who wrote an order that self- sealing tanks be installed in troop-carrying planes. But before more than about 75 tanks could be installed in planes, Gen. Barney Giles, chief of staff to Arnold, blocked the order. Senator Kilgore Kicks ... A T ABOUT THIS TIME, hard-hitting Senator Kilgore of West Virginia, who has done more to protect the G. I. Joe than almost anyone else in Congress, wrote a letter to Secretary of War Stimson demanding that paratroopers get every possible protection, including self-seal- ing tanks. Stimson, after some delay, replied that this protection was not needed. He turned down Kilgore's demand cold, As a result, paratroop- ers landing in Normandy did so at great risk. (Copyright, 1945, Bell Synicate) I'D RATHER BE RIGT : Free do-m By SAMUEL GRAFTON think, from reading the foreign press, that the rest of the world is becoming a little' bit afraid of America's postwar plans. It has a feeling that all we want is a kind of a spree. When Bretton Woods is proposed, a number of our bankers turn away in revulsion and disgust. Bretton Woods stands for stability in foreign exchange; it stands for order; it represents management and planning. Some of us don't want those things, "Freedom!" we say, instead, rubbing our hands. By "Freedom!" we mean a kind of wild party; glorious, if temporary; all bets off; no controls. We sang the same song at the recent Chicago Air Conference. The British asked us how they could be expected to make a living after the war, if they didn't get at least a quota of the world air trade. "Freedom!" we answered, by which we meant free competition, freedom to win and freedom to lose, freedom to live, and freedom to die. Freedom for us to live, and for themselves to .die, the British think solemn- ly; and a portion of the British press makes little jokes about our refusal to give the rest of the world anything more solid than the word "Freedom!" We warble the same ditty on the home front. The greatest inflationary pressures ever seen on earth are building up here. The public has saved $100,000,000,000 since Pearl Harbor; there is $60,000,000,000 more in checking accounts, and $25,000000,000 floating around in the form of currency. If the lid is lifted, if price controls are abandoned too soon, these truly volcanic pressures will spill over into a terrifying boom, a chromium-plated disaster. "Freedom!" we say brightly, in the face of this peril; let us get rid of these burdensome wartime controls. Let us, in other words, have our party and our fun. It is un-American to worry about the morrow; for that is planning, and planning is a dirty word. But freedom is a sweet word, a fine word; and it makes a special appeal to an America which has wangled its way out of previous troubles by means of a railroad spree, or a new-land-in-the-west spree, or a gold rush spree. We pine for one more party. We realize that some form of world organiza- tion is probably necessary, but we like Dumbar- ton Oaks better than Bretton Woods. We want the world organization to be an impartial um- pire; but we would like it to have nothing to do with money. We want it to keep the peace; not peace on the airways, oh, no; not peace in the field of foreign exchange, not that; just a special abstract kind of peace, peace-peace, the peace that has nothing to do with anything. For the rest, it is a case of California, here I come, with a banjo on my knee. We exort freedoms vigorously; we are not selfish about them; we have a committee of three distinguished American journalists tour- ing the world this minute, to promote freedom of the press. And that is good. But we show no comparable interest when the rest of the world murmurs that it needs stable curren- cies, and stable trade, to support a free press. We are split as we approach the end of the war, between those who want a spree, and those who want stability; and the rest of the world watches us, a little aghast, wondering what the outcome will be. The old American conflict between love of order and hatred of govern- ment has burst out on the world stage, and this time it is the future of mankind which is in- volved, as we pit out platitudes against each other. (Copyright, 1945, New York Post Syndicate) By BERNARD ROSENBERG T IS some time now since we had that two and a half hour chat, but I cannot get Carey McWilliams out of my mind. A member of The Daily staff went with me to his room in the Union last week. We both left in a daze neither of us has entirely shaken off. McWilliams, the best-informed man in the U.S.A. on this subject, asserted categorically that post- war unemployment would guaran- tee race friction. Nor was he will- ing to admit that the converse of that statement is necessarily true. Full employment did not solve the vexatious problem after Pearl Har- bor. In fact, it grew more vexa- tious at many points. The west coast particularly may be viewed as a powder keg. When the lag comes after shipbuilding ceases- as it soon must-Los Angeles, San Diego, Tacoma, and Seattle will be ungodly sights. Consider the num- ber of migrants who intend to stay there but cannot under any circum- stances expect to find work in that area. Apropos, McWilliams told us how he had seen a miiority manu- factured out of whole cloth. The Okies and the Arkies-Anglo-Saxon sons of Anglo-Saxon fathers, many of pioneer stock-were treated, after draught and erosion had impover- ished them, as if they constituted an identifiably dirty and sexually im- moral pack. They were snibbed, segregated, and finally excluded from admission to the state of California. John Steinbeck apparently did not exaggerate this situation when he described it in "The Grapes of Wrath." Now, contrast it with California's attitude toward the Chinese. These people first migrated from Asia in the 1840's and were not only unmo- les ed but honored American citi- zens for thirty years. Yet, the con- figuration of their habits and traits is such as to suggest inevitable prej- udice against them. They dressed oddly, spoke a strange language, ate peculiar foods, and represented an altogether alien civilization. The magic word, "Xenophobia!" will dem- onstrate nothing here. No persecu- tion was meted out to Chinese-Amer- icans until 1870. That year there was a depression, the railroads crash- ed, and a discriminatory tax was imposed upon every person of Chi- nese descent. This tax netted the state of California a sum that some- times Exceeded half it3 total income. Bigotry paid handsome dividends. From 1870 on our eardrums have been assailed with cries of Yellow Peril. What accounts for "race" preju- dice then, is not skin color or per- sonality, but a set of factors tight- ly socketed into history. McWilliams is especially interested in housing. He has said that the federal policy in this field is a crazy- auilt of bi-racialism and segregation. One thing students of the Detroit race riot learned two summers ago is that where Negroes and whites were living together no violence oc- curred, where they lived apart irri - tabiities reached their boiling point. This is exactly the state of affa is nationally. McWilian. 3favors a firm stand on the matter of federal hous- ing riot only because such a step would make our professions of dem- ocracy ring true as they do not now,, but because it would be a practical preventive of future bloodshed. He looked with a troubled eye upon the successful exertions of a newlx revived Ku Klux Klan in Detroit where the latest proposal for a Negro housing project has just been defeated. One could scarcely expect more from a Com- mon Council whose members find it increasingly difficult to get elec- ted unless they can prove their ath- letic prowess. The vote against this bill was five to four. Shortstop Billy Rogell and Coach Gus Dorais (who may some day learn 'parlia- mentary procedureaif they are ever taught their political ABC's) were, as usual, on the wrong side. This vote is a stark illustration of offi- cial stupidity and resurgent racism.I We ranged over other related sub- jects. McWilliams said he had never Coal Saving ACTUAL RESULTS of the brownout in Southeastern Michigan show a coal saving of 4,000 tons a month during the winter months, according to Angus D. McLay, Detroit Edison official, who based his statement on results of a detailed study of the first month's brownout. The amount of coal saved by a few counties in this area multiplied -by the amount saved in thousands of other counties .throughout the states affected more than justified the inconveniences caused by the' brownout. --Margaret Farmer before seen such anti-Semitism as is now rampant in the land. He fears it more than Jim Crowism. 13,000,- 000 people cannot be wiped out-but 5,000,000 is a convenient number. Moreover, hatred against the Jews is of a subtle nature, invidious, soc aay smart (to use Veblen's term), and universal. Wisconsin--its state uni- versity not excluded, or are those swastikas gone?-is infected with this ctisease. Ill-will, more or less overt, DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN (Continued from Page 2) in Personnel, sales, art, photography, and promotional fields. Students who would be interested in applying, should call at the office, 201 Mason Hall, from 9 to 12 and 2 to 4. Academic Notices Students, School of Education: No course may be elected for credit after today. Students ' must' report all changes of elections at the Regis- trar's Office, Rm. 4, University Hall. Membership in a class does not cease nor begin until all changes have been thus officially registered. Arrange- ments made with the instructor are not official changes. Students, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts: No course may be elected for credit after the end of the third week of the Spring Term. Today is therefore the last date on which new elections may be approv- ed. The willingness of an individual instructor to admit a student later does not affect the operation of this rule. E. A. Walter To all male students in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts: By action of the Board of Regents, all male students of this College, ex- cept veterans of World War II, must elect Physical Education for Men. This action has been effective since Tune, 1943, and will continue for the duration of the war. Students may be excused from tak- ing the course by (1) The University Health Service, (2) The Dean of the College or by his representative, (3) The Director of Physical Education and Athletics. Petitions for exemption by stu- dents in this College should be ad- dressed by freshmen to Professor Ar- thur Van Duren, Chairman of the Academic Counselors (108 Mason Hall); by all other students to Asso- ciate Dean E. A. Walter (1220 Angell Hall). Except under very extrordinary circumstances no petitions will be considered after the end of the third week of the Spring Term. The Administrative Board of the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. Make-Up Examination for Psychol- ogy 31: Tuesday, March 27 at 4:30, Rm. 2121 N.S. Any students who took X or Incomplete please come at this time prepared to take an exam- ination. Candidates for the Teacher's Cer- tificate for June: A list of candidates' has been posted on the bulletin board of the School of Education, Rm. 1431 University Elementary School. Any prospective candidate whose name does not appear on this list should call at the offic'e of the Recorder of the School of Education, 1437 U.E.S. Summer Session, 1945: Students who are interested in electing courses in Surveying to be given at Camp Davis during the summer session are requested to notify Prof. Harry Bou- chard at 209 W. Engineering Bldg. Events Today Luncheon - Discussion Meeting: Continuing a series of timely book reviews, Mrs. John Muehl will dis- cuss Nehru's "Toward Freedom." In- terested and hungry students are cordially invited to meet with this group in Lane Hall at 12:15 today. Lane Hall Open House: At 7:30 this evening, the doors of Lane Hall will be open to all students seeking a good time in the way of folk and square dancing, games, songs, and other recreation. Society of Women Engineers: There I will be a meeting at 1:15 p.m. in the League. Wesley Foundation: Members of the recreation group will attend the Open House at Lane Hall tonight. The program begins at 7:15 o'clock. omingEvents The Lutheran Student Association will meet tomorrow at 5 p.m. in Zion Lutheran Parish Hall. The Rev. Fredrik A. Schiotz, Executive Secre- on March 25 at 7:30 p.m in Rm. 320 of the Union. Churches First Presbyterian Church: Wash- tenaw: Friday: 8 p.m., Dr. Lemon will give readings from John Mase- field's "Good Friday" and other po- ems at a Lenten meeting in the Lewis Parlor. Open to the public. Sunday: 10:45 a.m., Morning worship-Palm Sunday sermon by Dr. Lemon "The Greatest Paradox"; 4 p.m., Senior Class in Religion by Dr. Lemon. Topic: "Dialogues with God About an Important Choice"; 5 p.m., West- minster Guild address by the Rev- erend Claude Williams of Detroit. Supper will follow. First Baptist Church: 512 E. Hur- on. Rev. C. H. Loucks, Pastor and Student Counselor. Miss Ruth Mc- Master, Associate Student Counselor. Roger Williams Guild House, 502 E. Huron. Saturday, March 24: Work Party at the Guild House with Picnic Supper at 6; 7:10, Choir rehearsal in the church. Sunday, March 25: 10, Study Class in the Guild House. 'Psychology of Christain Personal- ity"; 11, Morning worship in the church. "The Kingly Christ"; 5, Candlelight Dedication Service in the Guild House. Miss Frances Lee, lead- er; 6, Cost supper. First Church of Christ, Scientist: 409 S. Division St. Wednesday eve- ning service at 8 p.m. Sunday morn- ing -service at 10:30 a.m. Subject "Matter." Sunday school at 11:45 a.m. A special reading room is main- tained by this church at 706 Wolver- ine Bldg., Washington at Fourth, where the Bible, also the Christian Science Textbook, "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" and other writings by Mary Baker Eddy may be read, borrowed or pur- chased. Open daily except Sundays and holidays from 11:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. First Congregational Church: Min- ister; Rev. Leonard A. Parr. Director of Student Work, Rev. H. L. Picker- ill. Assistant Director, Miss Bobbie Simonton. Director of Music, Leon- ard V. Nreretta. Organist, Howard R. Chase. 10:45 a.m., Public worship. Dr. Parr will preach on "The Univer- sal King." 5 p.m., Congregational- Disciple Student Guild. Grace Bible Fellowship: Masonic Temple, 327 S. Fourth Ave. Harold J. DeVries, Pastor. 10 a.m., University Bible Class, Ted Groesbeck, leader. 11 a.m., Morning worship. Message by the pastor: "God's Work for God's Workers." 7:30 p.m., "The Doom of Satan." Thursday, 7:30 p.m., Com- munion service. University Lutheran Chapel, 1511 Washtenaw: The Sunday service be- gins at 11 a.m. This Sunday the Rev. Alfred Scheips will" preach on the subject, "Faith-Life's Cornerstone." Gamma Delta, Lutheran Student Club, will have its regular supper meeting Sunday at 5:15 at the Cen- ter Memorial Christian Church (Disei- ples): 10:45 a.m., Morning worship. The Rev. Eugene Zendt will speak on "The Triumphal Entry." The I Congregational-Disciples Guild will meet at 5 p.m. at the Congregational Church. Following supper Dr. Parr will give one of his memorable read- ings "The Other One' written by Arthur Ketcham. The evening will be closed by a worship service led by Dick Heaton. First Methodist Church and Wes- ley Foundation: Student Class at' 9:30 a.m. with Prof. George E. Car- rothers, leader. Subject for discus- sion: "Living Positively in a Democ- racy." Morning worship service at 10:40 o'clock. The sermon will be by Bishop Bruce R. Baxter of the Port- land, Ore. Area. Wesleyan Guild meeting at 5 p.m. Dr. Franklin Lit- tell, director of SRA, will speak on "Strengthening the Religious Com- munity." Supper and fellowship hour following the meeting. Unity: Sunday service at Michigan League Chapel at 11 o'clock. Subject, "New Age Dividends: Sound Joy," Marie Munro, speaker. A new Class in "Lessons in Truth" will begin this week on Wednesday afternoon at 2 o'clock in the Unity Reading Rooms, I' can be observed on almost any cam- pu. this one like others - shot through as it is with men whose little minds can never grasp the concept of brotherhood. Corruption has reached its final stage when it creeps or leaps into the academic stratum. McWilliams, as though we did not know anyhow, testified to the fact that this stage has been reached in mid-Western A;ntlca. k rI x Irv: BARNABY By Crockett Johnson Mr. O'Malley, you to your earmuffs of? I And with it, m'boy, new hope!. . . I am entirely confident that soon I shall be able to gain Spring is here ... With the i I - 7'