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Showers This Morning, and
Coaler This Afternoon
4
VOL. LV, No. 99 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, MARCH 20, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Yank
Planes
bombard
Jays
on
Honshu
. c
Norway's
Patriots
H it Nazi Railroads
Sudden Sabotage Strike Called Greatest
Of War, Pins Down 200,000 Germans
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Mar. 19-Norwegian patriots, striking suddenly in one of
the greatest single acts of sabotage by any underground organization dur-
ing the war, have wrecked railroad facilities and pinned down more than
200,000 German troops in Norway.
They struck Wednesday night, the Norwegian government disclosed
today, and isolated Oslo from southern embarkation points in a welter of
Superforts Drop
T ons on Nagoya
Japan Blasted Again by American
Task Force For Second Straight Day
By The Associated Press
U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUARTERS, Guam, Tuesday, Mar. 20-
Carrier planes of an American task force, attacking Japan for the second
straight day, raided Koke and Kure on Honshu island and other enemy
installations around the Inland Sea, Monday, Adm. Chester W. Nimitz
announced today.
The carrier planes, which had swarmed on Kyushu island, south of
Honshu on Sunday, attacking in strength estimated by Tokyo at 1,400,
dealt the second day's assault on the,
destruction that may require weeks b
OPA Holds
New Prices
Freeze Mark-Ups on
Clothes, Furnishings
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Mar. 19.- OPA
tonight froze the price mark-ups of
some 300,000 retailers selling clothes,
dry goods, -furniture and house fur-
nishings. The aim, the agency ex-
plained, is to insure that consumers
get the benefit of lowered factory pri-
ces which are forthcoming. '
The action was announced by
Price Administrator Chester Bowles
as half of the War Production Board-
OPA plan to cut clothing costs six
to seven per cent and "return greater
quantities of lower priced goods to
the civilian market."
March 19 Price Effective
Each store was frozen to the
mark-up margin that it had in use
today, March 19. Price-tagging pro-
visions were written into the order
to help shoppers become their own
price policemen.
The action will not roll back retail
price increases which already have
taken place on garments, shoes,- dry
goods, lamps and the other products
affected, Bowles said, but it will
guarantee that when their cost to
the retailer is reduced, the price to
the customer also will go down.
Ties in Consumer Prices
OPA already has announced its
"maximum average price order," de-
signed to roll back manufacturers'
price lines to the average level of
the years 1942 and 1943; the new
action ties consumer prices into that
rollback.
Small stores were exempted by a
clause permitting them to use the
existing price orders if they preferred,
but this applies only to concerns hav-
ing net sales of less than $2,500 a
year for all the items listed.
Argentina May
Declare War
Declaration on Axis
Will Be Decided Today
WASHINGTON, Mar. 19.- (P)--
Argentine government is slated to
decide tomorrow whether to declare
war at once on both Germany and
Japan.
President Edelmiro Farrell, accord-
ing" to diplomatic informants here,
has called a cabinet meeting at which
the critical question of bringing Ar-
gentina's foreign policies into line
with those of the other American
nations will come up.
There was no definite assurance
that war would be declared. It is
understood that some persons power-
ful in the country favor a declara-
tion against Japan but not against
Germany.
A declaration of war against both
Axis countries is understood to be
the first important step that Argen-
tina would have to take in order to
re-enter the American family of na-
tions.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Sophomores may sign up
for Soph Cabaret Com-
mittees from 1 p.m. to
5:30 p.m. in the League.
Today Emile Sargent, director of
Detroit Visiting Nurses
Association, will speak on
"Nursing on the Home
and Battle Front" at 8
p.m in Kellogg Auditor-
ium.
to repair.
n The troops, trying to get out of
Norway to reinforce the embattled
Eastern and Western fronts, had
been concentrated north of Oslo or
in the vicinity of the capital where
they now are isolated.
Unequalled In Any Country
A government official said the act
was the "greatest single" blow .struck
by forces of the interior, and that the
extent of damage in a 24-hour per-
iod indicated nothing equal to it
had occurred in any occupied country
heretofore.
He said railway lines were broken
at scores of places, vital bridges had
been blown up, and switch points and
signal boxes put out of action.
Three Ports Cut Off
Because of these attacks, the official
said, three ports on each side of
Oslo Fjort-Halden, Fredrikstad and
Moff-and all ports and towns on
the west side of the fjord and along
the south coast as far as Stavanger
had been cut off from Oslo and the
rest of southern Norway.
"All German attempts to evacu-
ate further divisions from Norway
through these ports have been
brought to a dead stop for a consider-
able period," the spokesman said.
The patriots ranged up and down
railroads running east and west of
Oslo fjord, breaching them at in-
numerable places.
Women To Keep
Orchestra Jobs,
Defauw Says
"Women in symphony orchestras
today have gained a nation-wide rec-
ognition which will not be lost after
the war," said Dr. Desire Defauw,
Tom Thumb-like conductor of the
Chicago Symphony Orchestra in a
Daily interview after last night's
concert.
Praises Women
Praising the nine women members
of the Chicago Symphony, Dr. De-
fauw said that they are among "the
best," in many cases exceeding the
male members. He pointed out that
the English horn player had a fine
tonal quality.
''The opportunities for women in
the future-after the war when many
of the men return-will continue
and become even greater," Dr. D-
fauw continued. The lead which the
United States has taken in this move-
ment will be followed by Europe, he
?,aid. He expressed the hope that
the orchestra may one day tour the
continent.
The white-haired Belgian conduc-
tor was pleased at the enthusiastic
reception of the orchestra's perfor-
mance by its Ann Arbor audience.
"Their warmth inspired us and made
us want to reach out to them-such
cooperation denotes a music-loving
group," he said.
Pleased at Response
Dr. Defauw was particularly pleas-
ed than so many people enjoyed the
Chausson "Symphony in B flat ma-
jor," which he and Dr. Sink had
decided upon when planning the
program in Chicago. 0
RECONNAISSANCE GROUP IN WRECKED CITY- A reconnaissance group of the 63rd Division walk
cautiously through the wreckage in the streets of Guedinger, Germany, six kilometers from Saarbrucken.
The column of smoke is unexplained.
Russian Tanks Plow 25 Miles to Breslau-;
Germans TrapOw Troops T Stop Yanks
-
--- C";
Gen. Patton Drives
Across Saar Basin
By The Associated Press
PARIS, Mar. 19.- The Germans
blew the Rhine bridges today at
Mainz, 12 miles in front of the on-
rushing U.S. Third Army, dooming
many of 80,000 enemy troops who
were abandoning tanks and guns in
a retreat from which they may never
rally for a stand beyond the river.
Patton Flys Across Saar
Lt.-Gen. George S. Patton's flying
columns engulfed 30 more towns,
snapped a trap on an estimated 2,000
Germans in the western Saar, were
swiftly closing two larger nets, and
were only 14 miles from the enemy's
man traffic center of Kaiserslau-
tern.
Retreating German columns were
flailed by warplanes all day long as
the enemy tried to pull back for the
Rhine before Patton shears off their
last line of retreat. The Nahe River
line had been shattered and Bad
Kruezenach, German army head-
quarters in World War I, was in
American hands.
Seventh Cuts Siegfried Line
The U.S. Seventh Army from the
south broke clear through the -Sieg-
fried line east of Saarbruecken and
$8,000 Needed
To Fill Quota
12 Days Remaining
In Red Cross Drive
With only $8,000 to go before
reaching their Red Cross War Fund
quotas, both Ann Arbor and Wash-
tenaw County went into the last 12
days of the annual membership
drive.
Local theaters began soliciting Red
Cross contributions in conjunction
with National War Fund week being
observed by movie houses throughout
the country. Coeds and Junior Red
Cross members are serving as collec-
tors of the donations.
The local drives are part of a
nation-wide annual membership cam-
paign which furnishes the funds with
which the Red Cross continues its
career of services. Every American
has been urged to support the Red
Cross army of mercy.
was 15 miles from a junction with
the Third Army in the heart of the
Saar Basin that would seal off all
the region's major steel foundries.
Eastward, the last Germans were
driven from French soil save for two
small pockets.
French Invade Reichi
The French along the Rhine in-
vaded the Reich for the first time
since early in the war and were less
than nine miles from another enemy
escape hatch at Karlsruhe.
Northward, the U.S. First Army
swung into position for a possible
breakout from its Remagen bridge-
head into inner Germany
Robert .Friers
Will Present
Film Travelocyrue
Robert Friers will appear in person
in Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre to-
night and Wednesday at 8:30 p.m.
with his new color travelogue, "Mexi-
can Holiday."
Sponsored by La Sociedad Hispan-
ica, the motion picture film will last
about an hour and a half. It fea-
tures scenes of Paricutin volcano,
bulfights, the mummies at :Guana-
juato, the falls at Guadalajara, Tax-
co and many oth er points of interest..
Several Mexican celebrities including
Dolores del Rio and Diego Rivera
are shown at work and play.
Friers, a graduate of the Univer-
sity in 1940, has traveled extensively
and is a well known speaker. "Mexi-
can Holiday" comes to Ann Arbor
directly from a showing at Carnegie
Hall in New York City.
Tickets for both nights are now on
sale at the box office in the League.
Towvn Hall To
Meet Thursday
Will Debate Military
Training After War
Student participation in the Town
Hall discussion forum that will open
at 7:45 p.m. Thursday in Lane Hall
was urged yesterday by Dr. Kenneth
G. Hance of the speech department,
faculty adviser to the new campus
discussion meetings.
Dr. Hance Invites Students
In asking all students to attend
the first meeting, which will deal
with compulsory post-war military
training, Dr. Hance stated that he
''considers forums essential to the
democratic process for two reasons.
First, for an informed citizenry, and
secondly, for an articulate citizenry."
Ton Hall's co-chairmen, John Con-
dylis and Martin Shapero, added that
the series of three informal meet-
ings, to be held every other Thurs-
day, will be under the direction of a
student moderator and that all stu-
dent opinions are welcome.
-u-h1 na Ot jP f"__
Russians Aim At
Silesia, Nazis Say
By The Associated Pess
LONDON, March 19-Berlin said
tonight that Soviet tank forces had
plowed 25 miles through Nazi de-
fenses southwest of besieged Bres-
lau in a three-day offensive aimed
at clearing industrial upper Silesia,
while Moscow announced that Rus-
sian troops had driven within two
and a half miles of the east Prussian
stronghold of Braunsberg.
German Reports Unconfirmed
The Soviet high command, evi-
dently awaiting a major break-
through before announcing the pow-
erful Soviet surge in extreme south-
eastern Germany, did not confirm
German reports that Red Army
troops had driven 25 miles from the
Oder River and broken into the
streets of Neustadt, three miles from
the Czechoslovak frontier.
Restricting its communique to a
report on the Red Army's prolonged
battle to wipe out the Nazi pocket
southwest of the east Prussian cap-
ital of Koenigsberg, Moscow disclos-
ed that the third White Russian
Army had clamped a 13-mile siege
are around Braunsberg, key coastal
bastion,
Ruth Buchanan
Asks for Dailies
Sends Used Copies to
'U" Men in Service
Mrs. Ruth Buchanan of the Uni-
versity Museum Building, known to
thousands of former "U" men in the
service as "Aunt Ruth," is again re-
questing students to bring their used
copies of the Daily to her.
"Aunt Ruth" sends these Dailies to
boys in every branch of the armed
services and speaks of the gratitude
of the men, who are glad to receive
news of what's going on at home.
Her Christmas mailing list this year
contained the names of over 1,600 of
these servicemen.
Requesting that the Dailies be giv-
en to her in good condition so that
they will not get torn in the mails,
Mrs. Buchanan urges all students to
bring their copies to the museum.
same day that more than 300 Super-
forts dropped 2,500 tons of incendi-
aries on Nagoya, Japan's third lar-
gest city.
In hitting Kobe, the carrier
planes pounced on Japan's largest
shipbuilding city and port while it
still was smouldiering from the
2,500 ton incendiary attack made
Saturday by the B-29s. Kure is a
Japanese naval base.
The Inland Sea of Japan is a life-
blood artery through which Nippon
moves vital supplies from Korea,
Manchuria and China to the home-
land.
Kure, Japan's most important naval
base, is 200 miles west of Osaka, an-
other city hard hit by the Superforts.
Today's communique reported a
continuing search for enemy snip-
ers on conquered Iwo and air raids
on the Bonins, the Kuriles, the
Western Carolines, the Palaus and
the MArshalls.
A communique issued at U. S.
Pacify, ,'leet Headquarters here con-
firmed the Sunday raid on Kyushu
air fields by "a strong force of car-
rier aircraft."
Vice Adm. Marc A. Mitscher's car-
rier task force-which raided the
Tokyo-Yokohama areas Feb. 16-17
and again Feb. 25-26-was undoubt-
edly still ranging south of Japan.
ByrnesStymied
B NY Defiance
Of Curfew Edict
WASHINGTON, Mar. 19-(AP)-War
Mobilizer James F. Byrnes said today
he is powerless to crack down on New
York's defiance of his midnight cur-
few, but he appealed anew for na-
tion-wide cooperation.
"We must convince our fighting
forces that the home front is pre-
pared to sacrifice for their support,"
said Byrnes in a statement which he
declared had the "full approval" of
President Roosevelt.
Can't Relax
"Now is not the time to relax in
any way our effort at home," the Di-j
rector of War Mobilization and Re-
conversion said of Mayor Fiorello La
Guardia's announcement that New
York night spots may stay open until
1 a. m.
Byrnes' appeal was an obvious ef-
fort to avoid a spread to other cities
of La Guardia's modification. It was
plain that the big town's defiance
could conceivably, mean the begin-
ning of the end for the 12 o'clock
closing limit, since Byrnes said he
could not enforce it without the sup-
port of local authorities.
"The government has no police
force of its own available to discover
local violations," he said. "It has no
intention of building up such a
force.- It is obvious that this effort
would in itself be a diversion from the
war effort.
Need Local Support
"I believe that a controversial en-
forcement of the measure in New
York City without the support of lo-
cal officials would be impossible."
Yanks Hit
Panay .isle
40th Division Lands
With Naval, Air Aid
By The Associated Press
MANILA, Mar. 20, Tuesday-For-
tieth Division infantrymen under
Maj.-Gen. Rapp Brush, with naval
and air support, invaded Panay Is-
land in the central Philippines Sun-
day and rapidly closed in on the cap-
ital city of Iloilo.
The landing, on the southeastern
shore, was made with practically no
loss, Gen. Douglas MacArthur said
in hip communique today, again a-
chieving "complete tactical as well
as strategic surprise."
Tnis was the 25th Philippine inva-
sion and the seventh of major im-
portance.
Ashore at Tighauan
The Yanks went ashore at Tig-
bauan, 14 miles west of Iloilo, and
immediately drove inland four miles
to Cordova and eastward along the
coast seven miles to Oton, halfway
to the capita] city.
Rear Adm. Arthur D. Struble com-
manded the amphibious move, de-
signed to clear the huge archipelago
of Japanese hindering free move-
ment of shipping.
The landing beach was 180 miles
west of the original Philippines inva-
sion beach' on Leyte, and is 250 miles
south of Manila.
Threat to U.S. Holdings
Panay, bombed frequently by hea-
ly bombers, was an ominous threat
to the convoy route to American-held
Mindoro and Luzon while Japan still
had serious strength in the Philip-
pines. Ships passed within sight of
the triangular island.
In a small-scale operation, other
American troops landed the same
lay, Sunday, an Malanau Island,
south of Zamboanga at the south-
western tip of Mindanao.
Revelli Reveals
Band Openings
Six Chairs Vacant in
Wind, Brass Sections
Prof. William D. Revelli, conductor
of the University Concert Band, an-
nounced six openings in the brass and
wind sections of the Band yesterday.
The Concert Band has planned an
active program for the spring term,
according to Prof. Revelli, including
a weekly broadcast over WPAG, the
new Washtenaw County radio sta-
tion, outdoor concerts beginning next
month and the annual spring concert
in May. All students and service-
men on campus who are interested in
the band may audition from 4:30 to
5 p. m. on Monday, Wednesday or
Thursday, in Morris Hall. First
semester freshmen are eligible.
Members of the band will play at
an Army-Navy 'E' presentation cere-
mony next Tuesday (March 27) in
Litchfield. Gordon Packer, '28, head
of the defense plant, was formerly
drum major of the University Mar-
ching Band.
'Eusian Sets
April 4 Deadline
The deadline for purchasing sub-
scriptions to the 1945 'Ensian has been
set for April 4, Jean Pines, business
manager of the yearbook, announced
yesterday.
HORN OF PLENTY?
Congress Attempts To Find
Remedy for Food Shortage
SECRET AGENT X-29-
uick-Thinking Lads Uncover
Plot
WASHINGTON, Mar. 19.- (P)-
Amid increasing signs that the Amer-
ican horn of plenty is running out,
Congress undertook today to find
causes and remedies for the food
shortage.
At the same time Chairman J. A.
Krug of the War Production Board
33 after some members had stressed
the declining supplies of eatables.
It was emphasized everywhere that
there is no actual prospect of a
civilian economy breakdown, but at
the same time there was no effort
to disguise the fact that the time
has come when any claimant's call
for crnr and nnis n st. h e men.-
A subversive fo
credit students i
Michigan, wasi
terday by a gr
quick-thinking e
While rumm
abandoned locke
nasium, these la
withheld out of
narentsae mo
To Sabotage Unwersity
rce, designed to dis-
n the University of the case. After a diligent perusal,
uncovered late yes- and testing with candle flames for
aup of enterprising, invisible ink, it developed that the
ngineering students. writers had ingenuously let one num-
laging through an ber stand- for each letter of the al-
r in Barbour Gym- phabet (A-i, B-2, etc.) but this had
ds, whose names are not stumped the code breakers for
f respect for their long.
)n a treatise annar. Realizing that if the news cnn-