, . IcA 4:3atY4is Weather Colder Vol. LIV No. 1 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN TUESDAY, NOV. 2, 1943 PRICE FIVE C Reds Cut ** * Off * *a * Coal Nazi Retreat in Crin e * * * * * * * * * * * * Roosevelt Seizes Mines To Forestall General Strike Miners Are Called Upon To Man Posts Ickes Is Authorized To Enter Agreement, Conclude Contract By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, Nov. 1.-President Roosevelt, confronted with another general coal strike, tonight seized the mines a second time and author- ized Secretary Ickes to conclude bar- gaining contracts with the miners, subject to the War Labor Board. Rejecting the course of waiting another day or more for the United Mine Workers leadership to act, the President announced his order two hours and 15 minutes after the un- ion's policy committee adjourned for the day without reaching a decision on sending the miners back to wor. All Production Had Ceased Virtually all production had ceased as the President called on all miners to be at their post Wednes- day morning. "Coal must be mined," the chief executive declared. "The enemy does not wait." Ickes immediately signed an order seizing all coal mines producing 50 tons or more daily where a work stoppage has taken place or is threat- ened. The president of the various coal companies affected by Ickes' order were designated as operating mana- gers. They were instructed to fly the American flag at the mine prop- orty and post notices of government possession of the mines. Subcommittee Due To Report The seizure put into effect the criminal penalties of the War Labor Disputes Act. These may be imposed upon anyone found guilty of encour- aging an interruption of production. Thus, any decisions reached at the reconvened meeting of the UMW policy committee tomorrow must be made with those provisions of the act in mind. A subcommittee of 28 district presidents is scheduled to report at 4 p.m. to the full commit- tee. The President's order differed from the seizure of last May in that Ickes may work out agreements with the miners. Although the War Labor Board will have the last work on any such agreements, this provision may pave the way to the contract which the miners have been demanding. This arrangement offers the min- ers the advantage of negotiating with one man on a nationwide basis instead of with different groups of operators who do not agree among themselves. The additional authority given to Ickes is believed to satisfy his de- mand, at least in part, that he should have more latitude to deal with the miners before being sad- dled with the production job again. UMW chieftain John L. Lewis had nothing to say publicly about the President's order. Ann Arbor Goal Set at $127, 539 Community War Chest Campaign Opened Here The $127,539 goal set for the Ann Arbor Community War Chest Cam- paign which officially opened yester- day is the largest in local history. "The reason for the increased goal," stated Walter Geske, Executive Secretary of the Ann Arbor Com- munity War Chest, "is that this year 17 War Relief Agencies of the Na- tional War Fund are included in the drive as compared to only two in 1942." A big public War Chest Rally for the campaign was held last Sunday at Hill Auditorium. DeWitt Macken- zie, Associated Press war correspon- dent spoke to the 3,000 townspeople on the subject "The World at War" and members of the University Band and of the Army Glee Club also par- tirna4.r i fa nrna,.. . 1,875Men, 3,707 Women, Register for Fall Term Civilian Enrollment Lowest in 15 Years; 9,116 Students To Attend University With its lowest civilian enrollment at this time 9,190 students reported in the last fifteen years-5,582 stu- for classes. dents-the University began its regu- The engineering college showed the lar fall term for 1943 yesterday, the greatest loss in enrollment, dropping Registrar's Office reported. from 2,241 students in 1942 to 717 In the College of . Literature, Sci- this semester. ence, and Arts, a total of 3,039 stu- The Literary college having a total dents reported for classes yesterday, enrollment of 4,351 in 1942 dropped Of this total, 2,457 were women and to 3,059 for the fall term. 602 were men. Of the total University enrollment, 3,707 women registered while 1,875 Allied Armies men enrolled, averaging two women to one man in civilian life. 'ue 1 . Under service contracts with both arpdureao35 the Army and Navy, a total of 3,534 men registered under the uniformed Italian Towns program of specialized training. Considering all service men on Eighth campus, Army, Navy, and Marines, Fifth and Take and civilian enrollments, 9,116 stu- Important Junction dents are enrolled for the present semester. North of Mt. Massico Men in the Army on campus num- ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN bered 2,293 while the men under the Navy V-12 program totaled 1,241. ALGIERS, Nov. 1.--(P)--The Allied Naval officers indicated that addi- Fifth and Eighth Armies, .laboring tional enrollments will bring this fig- forward in mud and rain, have cap- ure to ,400. tured 21 more Italian towns and vil-; These figures for civilian enroll- lages, including Teano, in grim ment in the University represent af net loss of 3,608 students. Last year fighting at the approaches to the New Freshien May Take Part In Activities Advisors Will Check Grades; Eligibility Cards Not Required In order to simplify the adminis- tration of eligibility rules, the Stu- dent Affairs Committee for the first tirpe in a number of years moved yes- terday to permit first semester fresh- men to participate in extra-curricu- lar activities. Students will not be required to secure certificates of eligibility, but will be personally responsible for checking themselves. "This program .will be operated on a purely honor system," Dean Joseph A. Bursley, Dean of Students and chairman of the Student Affairs Committee, said in commenting on the new action," and will continue so long as the individual checks him- self." Under the new rules, any first sem- ester freshman participating in pub- lic activities will have his grades checked by his academic advisor or mentor at the five week period and at midsemester. Continued partici- pation after these checks will hinge upon the permission of the counselor or mentor. Any student who is on the Warrant List or on Probation is definitely in- eligible to function in public activi- ties, and the student who partici- pates under these circumstances will be subject to the disciplinary action (Continued on Page 2) Germans' massive new trans-penin-' sula defense barrier. Teano is an important road junc- tion 10 miles northeast of the ene-, my's towering Mt. Massico strong- hold. In another spectacular thrust, American troops advanced five miles through downpours and up dizzy mountain slopes to take Valleagri- cola, perched on a 2,000-foot hill four miles north of Raviscanina.- Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgomery's British Eighth Army was pinned down by heavy rain and stiff Nazi resistance along the Trigno River near the Adriatic end of the battle line, but in the mountainous interior his forces smashed through 15 towns and villages to within nine miles of the big communications junction of Isernia, central pivot of the German line. The capture of Teano gave the Fifth Army possession of a valuable network of roads for the impending drive to pierce the formidable Mas- sico ridge line at the southwestern extremity of the front. Captured documents showed that the Germans had attached tremendous impor- tance to holding Teano. While Allied foot soldiers jabbed' resolutely into the enemy's defenses and probed for possible weak spots, the United States 12th Air Force opened a powerful new offensive against the Nazis' rear that was de- signed to wreck the enormous supply system that gives the German front its life blood. Patch Pockets All Right WASHINGTON, Nov 1-P)-The War Production Board lifted the ban on patch pockets in men's wool gar- ments today to conserve lining ma- terials which are in full supply. Future Plans Agreed Upon At Moscow America, Russia, China, Britain To Work for International Peace By The Associated iress WASHINGTON Nov 1-America, Britain, Russia and China told the world today they are jointly deter- mined to crush their enemies into unconditional surrender and then, as peacetime partners, work together for "international peace and securi- ty" In solemn words, the historic Mos- cow Conference-the first of its kind-thus set the tone for the great- est Allied effort in history: insis- tence on full victory, a lasting or- ganization of peace-loving nations, and cold vengeance for those of the enemy who have bloodied their hands with barbarism. The account of what was decided by the governments, represented in conference by Secretary of State Hull of the United States, Foreign Minis- ter Eden of Britain and Foreign Com- missar Molotov of Russia, and join- ed in by Ambassador Fc'.Tng-She- ung for China, was announced si- multaneously in their capitals. 4 General Decisions Made On present and future matters, these decisions stood out: 1. There shall be unity of action and consultation between powers with a common enemy (Russia is not at war with Japan and there was no intimation she should be) un- til the day of unconditional surren- der. 2. There shal be established as soon as possible "a general interna- tional organization, based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all peace-loving states, and open to membership by all such states, large and small, for the maintenance of international peace and security." 3. There shall be cooperation by all hands "to bring about a practi- (Continued on Page 5) Daily Offers Opportunities Four Staffs To Meet Tryouts Tomorrow Do you have the journalism "bug?" Have you alweys felt that you would like to write, had a little abili- ty, and would some day make the at- tempt, but to date haven't gotten around to it? If so, The Daily wants people like you! The Daily needs everyone- freshmen, sophomore, junior and se- nior-who enjoys excitement, who is anxious to try his literary wings and who wants experience in practical journalism. And if you're mathematically- minded or enjoy making business contacts the advertising staff is the place for you. No matter what you're interested in, we'll do our best to supply it, and you have four staffs to choose from. General news, advertising, sports and womens. Business and sport staff try-outs will meet at 4 p.m., women's at 4:30 p.m. and general news at 5 p.m. to- morrow in the Student Publications Building on Maynard Street. If you've even a little energy to spare, we can guarantee you'll get ahead fast-damn the Japs and Na- zis anyway! Badoglio Speaks Against Emanuel SOMEWHERE IN SOUTHERN IT- ALY, Nov 1-0')--Premier Marshal Pietro Badoglio told aged King Vit- torio Emmanuele today that he could not form a representative govern- ment while the King remained in power. Thus Badoglio, who had just re- turned after an air tour of southern Italy. including Naples where he con- Reds Seize C~~ksy UKRA " S ea of "Azov~ Black Sea d 50 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!li!!! :. sTATUTE M ILES ...... ........ W .....................li.... Tens of thousands of Nazis face annihilation as victorious Red troops moved through the Crimean peninsula to take the key city of Perekop. Termed one of the greatest disasters suffered by the Germans since Stalingrad, this rapid investment of the Crimea was one of Russia's greatest accomplishments of the war. i .0 Bougadnvile Is Invaded ByA merican Foffrces Rail Junction of Perekop .Kremech RUSSIA I N E o } Onepro petrovsk IROG aporozbe \ \\\\NIKOPOL. "Bkw T a evkaI Metrsonop 8olsho c- P ereko Falls In Smashing Russian Drive Thousands of German Troops Are Bottled in Black Sea Peninsula By JUDSON O'QUINN LONDON, Nov. 1--(P)-The Red Army cut the last German road of retreat from the Crimea today by capturing Perekop and smashing five miles beyond across the isthmus in a swift effort to kill or capture the tens of thousands of Germans trapped in the big Black Sea penin- sula. The Germans faced one of their greatest disasters since Stalingrad, where FieldMarshal Gen. Friedrich Von Paulus's Sixth Army of 350,000 was lost. The Nazi Crimean forces are believed to number less than that, since some have been evacuated Berlin says, and the Russians them- selves were declared to have had only 200,000 in the area when they lost it during the 1941-42 fighting. Fourth Army Advances Gen. Feodor Tolbukhin's victori- ous Fourth Ukraine Army drove five miles ahead into both narrow corri- dors linking the Crimea with 'the mainland, on the northwest at Pere- kop, and on the northeast at Novo- alekseyevka, said the Moscow broad- cast bulletin recorded by the Soviet Monitor. Other units racing westward above the Crimea converged on the Kak- hovka and Nikopol crossings of the lower Dnieper River in an effort to cross that stream and join two other Russian. armies inside the Dnieper bend, where fresh Red Army gains also were made. Role Is Reversed This rapid investment of the Cri- mea was one of Russia's greatest accomplishments of the war, and put the Red Army in a reversal of the bloody role played out on the four-mile-wide Perekop Isthmus in September, 1941, when the Germans captured it by a frontal assault. The Russians still were 10 miles from the Crimea proper in their at- (Continued on Page 5), Army Navy tExamination ,To Given ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, Nov. 2, Tuesday.-()P)-American ground forces captured Empress Augusta Bay in a bold invasion of West-Central Bougainville Island at dawn Monday, 260 miles away from Japan's big key base of Rabaul, and General Mac- Arthur challenged the Japanese Navy to come out and fight. Cognizant that this big move threatened to unhinge the entire Jap- anese position in the Southwest Pa- cific and that the enemy must con- sider strong counter-measures, Gen- eral MacArthur said.: "If the Jap fleet comes out, I will welcome it. I will throw everything we have against it." This invasion of Bougainville, translating into air, naval and am- phibious action strategy planned by General MacArthur, Admiral Halsey and other high officials, moved the Allies 200 miles from the scene of their recent victories in the central Solomons. The attacking force, which achieved its initial landings with such sur- prise that little opposition was en- countered, thus bypassed Japanese positions on southern Bougainville and placed all enemy forces there in peril if they chose to remain. The Japanese positions on the IFC Office Opens For Registration The Interfraternity Council office, Room 306 in the Union, will be open from 2 to 5 p.m. through Friday this week for registration for rushing, Henry Schmidt, Jr., '44E, president of the IFC, announced yesterday. Formal rushing will begin on Mon- day, Nov. 8, and all rushing is pro- hibited until then by the new rush- ing rules. Shortland Islands, 15 miles south of Bougainville and on newly invaded Treasury and Choiseul Islands also were bypassed. Fitz gerald, Jeffries Set For'Elections 400,000 Expected To Vote in Detroit Mayoral Decision. DETROIT, Nov. 1.-()')- Mayor Edward J. Jeffries and the challen- ger for his post, Frank Fitzgerald, tonight put the final touches to a fast-moving political duel that will be ended at the polls tomorrow. Election experts predicted that 400,000 voters would make their choice between Jeffries, campaigning for a third term, and Fitzgerald, a candidate endorsed by most of De- troit's organized labor. Fitzgerald, confident of election, said that the majority would be his "because the people of this city have not permitted themselves to be tricked." He charged Jeffries with appealing to racial and class preju- dice after he was left behind in the non-partisan primary vote. Jeffries appealed for votes sup- porting his present government, which he said would be free of pres- sure group influence and experi- enced in solving municipal problems. "Issues this time overshadow men and the choice is retention or rejec- tion of a truly peoples' government," Jeffries said in his final radio speech. 10,000 WORDS ON FOOD : President Sends Message to ! 1 Z T C I + 7*" High School Seniors, College Students May Be Trained Further The second Army Navy examina- tion to select high school seniors and college students for possible future specialized training in schools and colleges will be given on campus at 9 a.m. Tuesday, November 9 in the Rackham Auditorium. Men who plan to take this examin- ation should obtain from the office of Dean Rea, Room 2 University Hall, an application form which must be certified by an official of the Univer- sity. No individual will be admitted to the examination without this form properly filled out. Students who plan to take the ex- aminations must secure their appli- cations and have them certified in the Dean of Students office not later than 4:30 p.m. Thursday. Students who fall into the follow- ing categories are eligible to take the test; 1) High school graduates whether or not enrolled in college. 2) High school seniors who will be graduated by March 1, 1944. 3) Students who have attained their 17th birthday buthnot their 20th birthday by March 1, 144. Students in this age group may apply to either the Army or Navy, but NOT TO BOTH. 4) Students who have attained their 20th but not their 22nd birthday by March 1, 1944. Stu- dents in this age groum can annlv Congress on A WASHINGTON, Nov. 1.- UP)- President Roosevelt, reviewing the fight for his "war subsidy" plan to control the cost of living, sent Con- gress today a 10,000-word message in which he declared: "This is no time to start wander- ing into an untried field of uncon- trolled and uncontrollable prices and wages." But the first reaction on Capitol Hill showed that his message had fanned a long-smouldering anti-sub- sidy battle. "I don't believe the message is go- ing to change any votes," said Sena- Var Subsidy Plan Mr. Roosevelt assured the nation that there will "be enough food to go around." Concerning subsidies, he said: "I am convinced that to abandon our present policy would increase the cost of living, bring about demands for increased wages which would then be justifiable, and might well start a serious and dangerous cycle of inflation without any benefit to anyone." The Administration's "present pol- icy" is to curb retail prices while granting subsidies if they are con- sidered necessary to support prices PROJECT STARTS NOW: Freshman Coeds Will Man New Campus Clean-Up Squad "'47 Corps," a battalion of blue- ject was originally sc jeaned, plaid - shirted frosh coeds,c will march on the campus today and cial affair, a danc every day armed with rakes; objec- Streamlined along wit tive: a campus clean-up. activities, Freshman F Freshman women have taken over sisted of war work of the original ground crew as their Spring semester fo class project, Marcia Sharpe, '44, man coeds in fullc Pn-v h'adf tha e +-f' +h nt,-.vl nnm-n rmm,. in. + YTTR ome sort of so- ce, or cabaret. th other League Project has con- f some kind.. und the fresh- charge of USO ,n .ill ...ha 11