_ _ x 1' it 4(rn 4~a14 Weather Cloudy and 'h'irer VOL. LIV No. 131 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1944 PRICE FIVE CENTS (To I RedA Axis Loses 100,000 In Crimea FreesT oArmies For Spring Drive By The Associated Press LONDON, May 10, Wednesday.- Premier - Marshal Stalin announced early today the capture by storm of the Crimean fortress-port of Sev- astopol after a 24-day siege in which thousands of Axis troops died at their guns or perished in the Black Sea trying to escape by ship. At least 100,000 German and Ro- manian troops were believed killed or captured in the overall 31-day Cri- mean offensive which began April 8 and ended late yesterday just a few hours before Stalin's dramatic order of the day. Reds Freed for Invasion The victory, gained after a final three-day assault against the ex- hausted Axis garrison, freed two big Russian armies for the major main- land offensive expected soon in con- junction With an Allied invasion of Western Europe. The Soviet Black Sea fleet also gained a valuable port for amphibi- ous operations against Romania's coast, 200 miles to the west. Two Transports Sunk In the dying hours of the Axis struggle at Sevastopol swarms of Soviet bombers and torpedo boats pounced on enemy ships trying to evacuate troops, sinking two trans- ports totalling 7,000 tons in the open sea and smashing other vessels in Kazachya, Stretletskaya and Kamy- shevaya Bays west of Sevastopol near Cape Khersonnes. Russian infantrymen scrambled over the chalk face of the hill city also blasted enemy troops in their cave hideouts. Commanders Honored Stalin named 56 commanders for distinction in the drive which com- pletely cleared the last of the 10,000- square-mile Crimean peninsula. Among these was Marshal Alexander M. Vasilevsky, chief of the Red Army General Staff. The order of the day was addressed jointly to Vasilevsky and Gen. Feo- dor I. Tolbukhin, whose fourth Uk- raine Army toppled Sevastopol in a final overwhelming of three deep zones of steel and concrete fortifica- tions laced with barbed wire and mine fields. Jap Reverses Announced on Oriental Front By The Associated Press Encirclement of 80,000 Chinese troops in north China's Honan prov- ince was claimed by Tokyo radio Tuesday, but Allied reports from ev- ery oriental fighting front listed nothing but Japanese reverses. Dispatches from Loyang, ancient capital of China, said a counterattack had hurled the Japanese back across the Yi River in their strongest push toward that gateway to Chungking. This left the enemy spearhead seven miles south of Loyang. Another in- vading force was annihilated 45 miles northeast of the city, Chinese news- men said. Most of the 80,000 Chinese soldiers whom Tokyo claimed were trapped presumably were east of the Peiping- Hankow railway. Chungking report- ed the Nipponese brought up strong reinforcements in an effort to crack stubborn resistance and close the 14-mile gap in the road, the only escape route for defending troops in eastern Honan. Far East Will Be Panel Topic Tonight Far Eastern economic exchange in the post-war period will be the topic of a Post-War Council panel discus- ,-*- ,, -4. ?-QAnm n a + hAUnion. lins at Wards; IT. S. Returns Plants rmy Captures Sevasto ot Blockbusters Rock French Invasion Coast Nazi Rail Centers Hit In 25th Consecutive Day of Aerial Attack By The Associated Press .LONDON, May 10, Wednesday.- RAF night raiders lobbed blockbust- ers on the German-occupied coast across Dover Strait last night-caus- ing explosions which shattered win- dows on the English side of the Chan- nel-as a quick follow-up to exten- sive daylight attacks by more than 4,000 Allied planes. The violent blasts echoing across the water from the French coast roused residents from their beds a few minutes after a huge fleet of RAF bombers had passed eastward, dark- ening the starlit sky. The din lasted ten minutes with- out a pause and the concussion was so great that the ground literally shook at Folkestone and neighboring towns. Dishes rattled in cupboards and furniture rocked as from an earthquake. The bombing appeared centered_ on Calais and Dunkerque-a scant 20 miles across the channel-but a light haze prevented observation. The daylight operations, spear- headed by American heavy bombers, dropped possibly 6,000 tons of explo- sives on scattered enemy installa- tions. Roosevelt Gains 70 Delegates, Nears Quota By The Associated Press While Ohio and West Virginia vot- ers elected gubernatorial nominees1 yesterday from among 17 candidates, President Roosevelt picked up 70 more1 claimed delegates in those states. That ran his total to 525, only 64 short of the 589 required for renom-t ination. The chief executive added 52 to his column from Ohio and 18 from the mountain state. Ohio's went to him1 indirectly through state auditor Jo-< seph T. Ferguson, who filed for theA preference vote unopposed with the understanding the delegation would1 be for Roosevelt. West Virginia's 18 were unpledged but described as pro-< fourth term if the President runs.- The fourth term was given another boost yesterday. CIO President Philip Murray told the United Steelworkers; of America in Cleveland that an "ov- erwheming majority" of the people demand it. Ohio's 50 Republican delegates elected in yesterday's primary are pledged to Gov. John W. Bricker, who ran unopposed in the preference. This gives his 56, counting Missis- sippi's six claimed for him, and places him second in the GOP nomination race behind Gov. Thomas E. Dewey. The New Yorker leads with 264, pledged and claimed delegates, with 530 needed for nomination. Anti-Poll Tax Plank Opposed Sen. Bailey Threatens To Quit Democrats By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 9.- In a bristling attack on "pressure groups, Senator Bailey (De., N.C.) served notice in the Senate today he will bolt the Democratic party if it adopts an anti-poll tax plank in its 1944 platform. Joining Senator Connally (Dem., Tex.) in opposition to a House-ap- proved bill outlawing the tax as a qualification for voting for federal officers, Bailey declared: "I hear that this whole program is to be followed by an effort at the Rnnhlican convention in June and MARGE HALL, president' of the women's War Council, and Jim Plate of the Union will be co-chairmen of the 24th annual Tag Day drive to be held in Ann Arbor Friday. Held to raise $1,500 to send boys to the Fresh Air Camp, the Tag Day campaign will appeal to students, servicemen and Ann Arbor residents. Twenty-five social and case- working agencies of metropolitan areas choose 240 boys for a month's vacation. Graduates and sociology students may receive credit for courses taken as camp counsellors. Nearly $1,400 has already been received in contributions and pledges from Detroit and Ann Arbor residents. - Daily Photo by John Horeth ADULT EDUCATION: Ruthven, Gov. Kelly To Talk At Conference To Be Held Here President Alexander G. Ruthven and Gov. Harry F. Kelly will high- light the meetings of the Adult Edu- cational Institute to be held here May 16, 17 and 18. "The Education of the Returning Veteran" will be Governor Kelly's topic, while President Ruthven will speak May 16 on "Adult Education" and will"discuss his recent work in England. Related to the talk by President Ruthven will be a film, "ABCA," shown by the Visual Education De- partment. This movie demonstrates the work of the Army Bureau of Cur- rent Affairs, part of the British Army's educational scheme, and shows the methods employed by the ABCA in promoting a better under- standing of all aspects, of the war. Another film, "World of Plenty," will also be presented. Written by Eric Knight shortly before his death, it deals with some problems and pos- sible solutions to the planning of production, distribution and price. A talk on "What Are the Men in Combat Thinking" will be given by 2nd Lieutenant James R. Griffith of Dance Tickets To Be on Sale The few remaining tickets for the "Spring Swing" to be held from 9 p.m. to midnight Saturday at Water- man Gym will be sold tomorrow on the center of the diagonal. The University sponsored affair will be highlighted by Sonny Dun- ham and his orchestra and by the appearance of Lt. Tom Harmon and his fiancee, movie actress Elyse Knox. Tickets will continue to be on sale at the League and Union lobby dasks and at the local bookstores. Service- men may purchase their tickets at the University office outside of Rm. 2 in University Hall.+ the Percy Jones Hospital in Battle Creek. Dr. Edward W. Blakeman, University counsellor in religious ed- ucation, will lead a panel discussion on "Minority Groups," and Prof. Preston W. Slosson of the history department -will conduct a discussion on "A Foreign Policy for the United States." Nazis Retreat on Adriatic Front Anzio Allies Heavily Shelled in Rear Area By The Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NAPLES, May 9.- The Germans, straightening their lines, have with- drawn approximately nine miles in the rugged mountain area on the left flank of the British Eighth Army's Adriatic front and have been followed up by the Allies, headquarters an- nounced today. The Nazi retreat was south of. Monte Maiella in the vicinity of Palena, 25 miles inland from the Adriatic on the little Aventino River and 11 miles southeast of. Sulmona, and near the village of Letto Palena, which is two miles northeast of Pa- lena. The official report failed to give the specific depth of the withdrawal, but the villages named are nine miles from the last announced line of the Eighth Army in that area. It ap- peared likely that Allied patrols had been operating beyond these positions in recent weeks. Palena is 22 miles southeast of the big Pescara River dam which was blasted apart by Allied airmen last Friday afternoon, flooding the coun- tryside along Axis communications lines, but there was nothing official to indicate that the withdrawal could be attributed to the bursting of the dam. Allies Advantce Iii, New East Indta Offetsive Jap Counteroffensive Crushed; Trap Faces Enemy near Kohima By The Associated Press SOUTHEAST ASIA HEADQUAR- TERS, Kandy, Ceylon, May 9.-A series of Japanese counterattacks have been crushed with heavy losses and the full powered Allied offensive to destroy enemy invasion forces in eastern India is going forward suc- cessfully in every sector, Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten's headquar- ters said today. Allied infantry, strongly supported by tanks, artillery and planes, mowed down at least 750 Japanese in the fighting around Kohima alone over the past week-end, the bulletin an- nounced, and has inflicted similarly heavy casualties since. A British officer reported that an Allied column had cut through rough hill country west of Kohima, com- pletely outflanking Japanese forces in that area, and now was driving into Kohima from the south, along the highway which leads to the sister Allied base of Imphal, 60 airline miles away. The move threatened to trap all Japanese troops west of Kohima. Evidence of Allied optimism that the enemy invasion of India had failed, was an announcement that a corps of canteen girls had returned to Dimapur Station on the Bengal- Assam railroad, 35 'miles from Ko- hima Hughes Talks on Race Relations For MYDA, IRA Langston Hughes, noted Negro poet, author and lecturer, spoke yesterday before members of Michigan Youth for Democratic Action and Inter- Racial Association. Mr. Hughes discussed what he saw of race relations and racial conflicts during his travels around the world. During his first extensive trip in the South in the early '30's he said that he, as a northern Negro, was shocked at the extent of discrimination and segregation. Even in other sections of the country he said he found it hard to get a room in a good hotel or a hot meal in a restaurant. In the Soviet Union contrastingly there is no discrimination or segre- gation. They have solved their racial and religious problems despite the proportions which they reached in Czarist days. This has been done, he said, because there are definite laws in the USSR which prohibit such practices. And the essential thing is that these laws are enforced. The younger generation, of course, is be- ing brought up to believe in the brotherhood of all men, no matter of what race or religion. What the Sov- iet Union has done, he stated, in the short period of its existence proves that racial and religious problems can be solved in our day. In discussing the changes which have taken place in this country re- cently, Mr. Hughes stated that today many more people are concerned with the problems of race relations. And perhaps more important, he stressed, is the growth of the labor movement and the CIO which is helping to combat race prejudice by organizing both Negroes and whites in the same unions even in the deep South. Avery Still Opposes Closed Shop Contract Final Count Shows Large Majority Supports Representation by Union By The Assoeiated ']vss CHICAGO, May 9.-A CIO union at Montgomery Ward and Company's Chicago plants tonight won a collective bargaining election, balloting in which ended just as the U.S. government relinquished control of the properties it had seized April 27. The final count on the question of whether the CIO still represented a majority of the employes-an issue which led to government seizure of the properties-showed the union receiving 2,340 yes votes and 1,565 Foremen Sign Conutract with Ford Company By The Associated Press DETROIT, May 9.-An independ- ent union of foremen, whose demand for bargaining rights with manage- ment has been disputed for more than a year, today signed a one-year contract with the Ford Motor Com- pany. The contract makes the Foreman's Association of America sole bargain-1 ing agency for Ford foremen, and the association in turn agreed it would not affiliate with any other local or national union. Ford production workers are mem- bers of the United Automobile Work- ers (CIO) under a contract signed three years ago by which Ford be- came the first automotive company to grant a union shop and dues check-off. Today's contract was signed as 3,200 foremen in 12 other Detroit plants remained on strike for bar- gaining rights with the Briggs Man- ufacturing Co., Hudson Motor Car Co., Packard Motor Car Co., Murray Corp. of America and Aeronautical Products, Inc. Only yesterday the National Labor Relations Board ruled that super- visory employes may not be discrim- inated against for membership in a foremen's union but at the same time withheld recognition of such a union as an appropriate bargaining unit. Local Airline To Begin Soon Ann Arbor, Nearby Cities To Be Served Air transportation connecting Ann Arbor with other state points will be inaugurated within the "near fu- ture," Eli Gallup, Superintendent of Ann Arbor parks, announced yester- day. Gallup revealed that Gerald Fran- cis, of the Francis School of Aviation, at Lansing, will maintain a daily air- line service connecting Ann Arbor with cities which included Lansing, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Flint and Detroit. The service will use Gull- Wing Stinson airplanes, capable of carrying four passengers, a crew of one, and some cargo, in flights twice a day, Gallup said. 'Native Land' To Be Given "Native Land," a documentary film starring Paul Robeson, will be shown at 8 p.m. Friday in the Rackham Amphitheatre under the auspices of Inter-Racial Association and Michi- gan Youth for Democratic Action, Margaret Stevens, co-chairman of IRA announced yesterday. no votes in the main unit and 100 yes votes and 28 no votes in the smaller unit. These developments came also on the eve of a scheduled court ruling on the legality of the government seizure of the plant. Avery OK's Union President Roosevelt said earlier in Washington that the election out- come would "end the case" but Sewell Avery, board chairman of the big firm, said the President had made a "misstatement." He said Ward of- ficials would bargain with any .union chosen by the employes but would oppose any contract providing for any form of "closed shop." Avery later said he would return to his office at the usual time tomor- row morning, attributing the govern- ment's action in returning the plant to "the indignation of the public which has risen like a balloon which made it too hot for the administra- tion." Jones Issues Order Secretary of Commerce Jesse Jones in Washington issued the order re- turning the property to company of- ficials. He said the. company had taken over the property pending the election and added that the opera- tion of the business was continuing "in a normal way." Commented Sewell Avery, chair- man of the board of Wards, who was carried from his office April 27 by two soldiers when the government took possession: "I think it would be better if Jesse, who is a very strong man, would be here to carry me back from where he .took me." Petition May Be Dropped Some legal observers speculated that in view of the government's ac- tion in returning the plant, it might move for dismissal in federal court tomorrow of its petition for a tem- porary injunction. *~ ** Ward Investigation Will Be Continued By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 9. - Rep. Ramspeck (Dem., Ga.), head of a seven-man committee named to in- vestigate the government's seizure of Montgomery Ward and Company's plant in Chicago, said tonight the return of the property to the com- pany would not affect the investiga- tion. Ramspeck said the resolution cre- ating the committee called for an in- quiry into the actual taking over of the property and that the govern- ment's action in relinquishing control "has nothing to do" with the inves- tigation. He had not indicated when it will get under way. Hobbs Discusses Pacific Islands Says Bases Will Be Established in China IALLENBA(- CH DISCUSSES PROPOSAL: Considers LimitingPresidential Term 'Illogical' "I believe that in the future we will continue our present strategy in. the South Pacific and continue tak- ing the chains of island fortresses un- til we are in a position to establish bases in China from which we can successfully invade Japan," Prof. William Herbert Hobbs of the De- partment of Geology said in a lecture yesterday. "We can best understand the im- portance of these island fortresses if we understand how they come into existence," Prof. Hobbs stated. Atolls are reefs of plant or animal coral which once grew around the edge of a volcano. As the volcano subsided, a wide ring of coral reef, or By AGATHA MILLER "A constitutional amendment lim- iting a President to two terms in of- fice is quite illogical," Prof. J. E. Kallenbach of the political science department stated in an interview yesterday. Discussing his reasons for oppos- of choice. An amendment of this sort would definitely be a limitation." Student Poll Held To sample student opinion on current issues, The Daily inaugur- n -n-l "/7 PImvn actprdnov which amendment. One argument is that a President, if he has the power to run for more than two terms, will attempt to build up a personal political machine to secure reelec- tion. To answer this, Prof. Kallenbach satdt that the longer a President is ment in the Democratic party ranks at the present time is concrete evi- dence of this fact." Argument has been extended to the effect that a President may use his power to perpetuate his term in office. Prof. Kallenbach presented two counter-considerations to this L