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VOL. LIV No. 118 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, APRIL 25, 1944

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Planes

from Britain, Italy

Rake

Nazi Industries

Northern New Guinea Invasion Costs Nips 101

Craft

Naval Forces
Score 17 Plane
Hits on Ground
Vessels Encounter No
Effective Gpposition at
WakdeSawar Fields
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, April 24. - The
Navy announced tonight its airforces
had destroyed 101 Japanese planes
in the air or on the ground and dam-
aged 17 more in operations support-
ing General MacArthur's invasion of
norther New Guinea.
Thirteen Japanese planes, aloft
over the airfields at Hollandia, Wake
Island and Sawar were shot down,
the Navy said, while at Hollandia an-
other 67 planes on the ground were
destroyed.
At Wakde and Sawar, 21 enemy
planes were destroyed on the ground
and 17 damaged by naval aircraft
during daylight April 20.
That night cruisers and destroyers
bombarded the Wakde-Sawar air-
fields, without enountering any ef-
fective opposition. No damage was
reported to American vessels.
At Hollandia, the Navy added, am-
munition dumps, supply areas and
buildings were heavily bombed.
Two small cargo ships and several
barges and small craft were sunk.
The Navy announced that "air-
fields at Hollandia,rWakde Island
and Sawar were struck by carrier
aircraft on April 20. Thirteen enemy
airborne planes were shot down over
the target areas. At Hollandia, 67
planes were destroyed on the ground.
Fuel storage facilities, ammunition
dumps, supply areas and buildings
were heavily bombed. Two small
cargo ships, and several barges and
small craft were sunk."
* * *
Yanks Near
Hollandia Base
By The Associated Press
With one airdrome already in their
hands, American invasion columns on
northern New Guinea have driven to
within five miles of the big Hollandia
drome and are pressing toward the
Tami Field near Lake\Sentami.
The town of Hollandia, where some
6,000 people lived in peacetime, and
the nearby village of Pim were over-
run by victorious infantrymen who
landed on Humboldt Bay, Gen.
Douglas MacArthur announced to-
day.
Seventeen miles to the west, the
Hollandia air field was caught be-
tween the pincers of this column and
another moving in from Tanahmerah
Bay. The two forces covered 11 of
the 34 miles separating them in the
first day's operation. Troops from
Tanahmerah were only five miles
from the field. The Tami drome is
11 miles from the town of Hollandia.
Down the coast 150 miles, a third
force of Americans pushed from the
captured Tadji air center toward the
village of "Aitape, six miles up the
coast.
In protective air strikes Allied
bombers swept almost to the tip of
Dutch New Guinea to blast Geelvink,
where 14 Zeros were destroyed, while
other bombers left supply areas and
bivouacs at by-passed Hansa Bay in
flames.
Fo ur Company
Commanders
Transferred

Four officers who have been at-
tached to the 3651st S.U. as company
commanders, will leave today for Fort
Shei'idan, Ill., it was announced yes-
terday by Army headquarters.
They are Capt. Richard S. Camp-
bell, formerly commanding officer of
Company C which was recently in-
activated; Capt. Samuel Riezman,
formerly commanding officer of Com-
pany G; Capt. William R. Hinkle and
Capt. Charles F. Wetherbee, former
commanding officers of Company F
and Company H, respectively, which
were also inactivated.
-....-.. aO mP, mrn vn

RIVER ON MAIN STREET-Traffic is halted in Wichita, Kan., as
flood waters, roll on relentlessly from Illinois to Kansas. At least eight
people were dead, thousands were homeless and acres of farm land
were swamped today as the Mississippi broke its barriers and caused in
some places the worst flood on record.
SCHOLARS ALL:
Fifty-Three Honor Students
Receive Phi BetaKappa Keys
/ ------____

Fifty-three students were initiated
into Phi Beta Kappa, honorary schol-
astic society, yesterday at a ceremony
in the Rackham Amphitheatre.
Helen, Frances Simpson received
special recognition as the highest
ranking junior in this year's class.
.Prof. De Witt H. Parker, chairman
of the philosophy department, ad-
dressed the new initiates, speaking on
"Being Young in an Old World."
Joan Clarke spoke for the women
initiates and Arthur Upton repre-
sented the men initiates at this 36th
annual initiation of the Alpha Chap-
ter of Phi Beta Kappa.;
The new initiates are: College of
Literature, Science and the Arts,
Juniors: Ruth Scott Collins, William
Brown Dale, Deborah Jane Parry,
Helen Frances Simpson, Ann Louise
Terbrueggen, David Van Vranken
Wend, William John Westmaas, Les-
ter Marvin Wolfson.
Seniors: John William Athens, Jean
Baxter, Lois Elizabeth Brandenburg,

Frederick Joseph Bueche, Joan Lys-
beth Clarke, Lucille Edelson, Jane
Faggen, Helen Lucille Gilbertson,
Anita Marie Gilleo, Ralph John Han-
son, Jr., Liselotte Isabelle Hecht,
Katherine Josephine Lathrop, John
Robert McWilliams, Serafeim Pana-
giotis Masouredis, Allen Linder May-
er:on, Betty Jean Sherritt, Frank
Lindley Tobey, Florence Ray Tucker,
Arthur Canfield Upton, Anita Uvick,
Madeleine Marguerite Vibbert.
School of Education: Mary Anne
Pickard Olson.
School of Music: Mary Monica
Laughlin, Carroll Jason Meyer.
Classes of 1943 and Feb. 1944, Col-
lege of Literature, Science and the
Arts, Juniors: Barbara Alcorn, Betty
Dick Barstow, Lawrence Sims Bar-
tell, Anna Grace Evarts, Beth Mar-
garet Frehse, Ruth Elizabeth Guyton,
John Frederick Hoffman, Donald
Joshua Largo, Dorothy June 'Mc-
Alister, Ernest N. McCarns, Ann
Romeyn MacMillan, Harry Elecks
Moses, Hester Marcia Myers, Mar-
jorie Anne Nield, Dorothy Cummings
Ray, Shirley Shanik, Isadore Manual
Singer, John Thomas Van Aken,
Mark Jay Van Aken.
School of Education: Shirley
Zheutlin.
Graduate School, Maud Eva Callis,
Cheng Shu Wang Chang, Naomi Ag-
nes Gilpatrick, Emma Lou Thorn-
brough.
Ward Strikers Resume
Work at FDR's Request
CHICAGO, April 24.-(1P)-Strik-'
ing employes decided today to resume
work at Montgomery Ward and Com-
pany in keeping with a request from
President Roosevelt, but officials of
the huge mail order firm deferred a
decision on compliance with a White
House directive to restore relations
with the CIO union which sponsored
the walkout.

Ford Refutes
Smythe Tie
Asked To Appear
In Sedition Trial
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, April 24.-Henry
Ford asserted today that a statement
by an attorney for a defendant in
the mass sedition trial here was an
"attempt to link my name with men
who are charged, with disloyalty to
our country and is a malicious at-
tempt on their part to obscure their
alleged misdeeds and has no basis
in fact."
The statement by Ford, released
by his Washington representatives,
referred to notice given by James J.
Laughlin, attorney for Edward James
Smythe of New York, one of 30 per-
sons charged with conspiracy to dis-
affect the U.S. armed forces. Laugh-
lin asserted that he was asking that
Ford and Charles A. Lindbergh be
called to the witness stand in the in-
terest of his client.,
The attorney, who has filed a re-
quest with U.S. District Court for
subpoena of Ford and Lindbergh, said
in a statement that "it is essential
that we have these witnesses available
and my client cannot safely go to
trial without them."
The attorney said further that he
expected to showe by the motor man-
ufacturer's testimony that the pros-
ecution "is not brought in good faith,"
but is an effort to discredit certain
patriotic Americans.
Second jury panel was called to-
day for the government's trial of 30
persons charged with seditious con-
spiracy, and the first question put to
its members disqualified so many a
further delay in getting a .jury ap-
peared certain.
Reds Smk 12
Nazi Ships off
Crimean Coast
LONDON, April 25, Tuesday-(P)-
The Soviet High Command an-
nounced last night that Red airmen
of the Black Sea fleet had sunk 12
more enemy ships trying to evacuate
troops to Romania from besieged
Sevastopol in the Crimea, and Berlin
said furious land fighting was raging
once more around the city.
51 Nazi Planes Destroyed
(A late Berlin broadcast said the
Russians had unleashed their "final
assault" on Sevastopol, where the
Germans were clinging to only a 50-
square-mile area of the 10,000-square
mile peninsula.)
The German high command com-
munique early yesterday said the
Russians were using strong infantry,
tank and plane forces at Sevastopol.
"Our brave troops after tough fight-
ing achieved a full defensive success,"
destroying 57 tanks and 27 planes,
the Nazi bulletin said.
Germans Attack in Poland
Indicating the ferocity of the aerial
combat above Sevastopol, the mid-
night Soviet bulletin said that of 51
German planes destroyed on all
fronts during Sunday, 36 of them
were downed over the burning citadel.
While the daily bulletin declared
that no essential changes had oc-
curred in any sector of the long
eastern front, the midnight supple-
ment told of two German counter-
actions in former Poland.

AERIAL
few days
the latest
were the
and even

* * *

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FRANCE AUSTRIA Neustadt
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* 1'

'Germans Readied for
Worst as Invasion Nears

'Greatest Battle
Defenses Set in
By The Associated Press

in History' Nazis Forecast;
Holland, Belgium, France

OFFENSIVE TARGETS-Arrows indicate towns raided a
ago in the great Allied aerial offensive on Nazi Europe. In
raid Munich, Ploesti, Friedrichshafen, Bucharest and Belgrade
major targets. The planes bomb Europe from Britain, Italy
Corsica.

Operation Is
Biggest'Day
Attack of War
Ploesti, Bucharest,
Munich, Belgrade
Major Targets Flit
By The Associated Press
LONDON, April 25, Tuesday.--Am-
erican and RAF warplanes numbering
more than 3,000 bombers and fighters
bled Hitler's aerial strength, shot
down more than 100 Nazi aircraft
and raked Nazi war industries again
yesterday with powerful attacks from
British and Italian bases. Fried-
richshafen, Munich, Bucharest, Ploe-
sti and Belgrade were major targets
in this greatest concerted daylight
operation of the war.
A U.S. Air Force communique said
the British-based Flying Fortress
and Liberators and U.S. Mustangs,
Lightnings and Thunderbolts and
RAF Mustangs of their support and
escort shot down 103 German fight-

MADRID, April 24.-Pre-invasion
nervous tension in Germany and oc-
cupied Europe has reached a high
pitch, and the Nazis, in their cam-
paign to prepare the German people
for the worst, have warned that
"the Anglo-American invasion prob-
ably will have a different result than
at Dieppe."I
The Nazis seem to expect the
greatest Alliedseffort against the
Atlantic wall. One German news-
paper reaching here said, "The great-
est battle in the history of the world
will take place along the Atlantic.
The combat will make the whole
world hold its breath."
Fortifications Strengthened
The Allied armies have been in-
creased and improved; the number
of enemy ships greatly increased, but
above all air forces have been power-
fully reinforced," said the Muncher
Neueste Nachrichten. "The enemy is
preparing overwhelming material su-
periority to strike with a force that
will overrun our defenses."
The only consolation the news-
paper offered its readers was that
Dr. Kahn Receives
Honorary Degree
Dr. Reuben L. Kahn, head of the'
Serological Consultation Service and
of the Clinical Laboratories at the
University Hospital, received the
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws
while attending commencement ex-
ercises Sunday at Valparaiso Univer-
sity, Valparaiso, Ind.
In a letter received last week, Dr.
Kahn was invited to attend the exer-
cises and receive the honorary degree
by O. P. Kretzmann, president of
Valparaiso University.

"we have done everything we can to
strengthen our fortifications."
Troop Distribution Listed
The most exact picture obtainable
at this neutral listening post of the
troops manning the fortifications of
Hitler's Europe, shows the following
distribution:
Norway, six German divisions-
approximately 50,000 men; Finland,
12 divisions; the Balkans, including
Hungary but not Hungarian forces
themselves, 12 divisions; Russia, 175
divisions; Italy, 25 divisions; Medi-
terranean coast, five; Atlantic wall,
30 divisions and a mobile. reserve of
60 divisions garrisoned at strategic.
points in France, Germany and cen-
tral Europe.
Nazi Attack at
Anzio Repulsed
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NAPLES, April 24.-(O)-Two Ger-
man thrusts in company-strength
against the Anzio beachhead have
been repulsed around Carano in the
central sector and southwest of Car-
roceto, Allied Headquarters an-
nounced today as far-ranging Allied
air attacks continued to hold the
main spotlight on the Italian front.
Aside from the beachhead actions
and an Allied probing thrust on a
quiet sector held by Italian troops
15 miles northeast of Cassino, land
operations consisted of minor patrol
clashes and artillery exchanges.
These attacks, pressed home suc-
cessfully in good weather, -followed
all-night onslaughts by RAF Hali-
faxes, Wellingtons and Liberators
against the German suply bases of
Parma, Genda, Livorno (Leghorn),
Piombino and Santo Stefano in nor-
thern Italy.

Travel Overseas Banned
By British Government
LONDON, April 24.-(AP)-Tight-
ening the web about this west front
invasion base, the British govern-
ment tonight banned travel to
overseas destinations "except for
business of urgent national impor-
tance which cannot be postponed."
The Home Office announced the
ban, to run indefinitely, "for mili-
tary reasons." Persons now hold-
ing exit permits will be allowed to
use them until midnight April 27.
Then the issuance of permits will
stop for all not coming under the
"urgent" classification and no per-
mit will be valid unless it was
issued on or after April 19.
ers and destroyed others aground,
Thirty-eight American bombers and
17 fighters were reported missing.
Germans Are Warned
The Germans were warned last
night by the Berlin radio of "strohng
enemy formations approaching the
western Reich," suggesting the RA
was subjecting Germany to a full-
scale night bombing.
The United States communique an-
nounced that bombing results against
Friedrichshafen and Munich "were
generally very satisfactory and visi-
bility over the target was good."
Strike Atlantic Wall
The German air force put up a
back-to-the-wall battle against the
aerial invasion, the tenth straight
day of the current phase of the great-
est air offensive in history. There
was no immediate recapitulation of
American losses.
While the multitude of heavy
bombers and fighters was battering
German air and military power deep
within the European fortress, a
steady stream of Allied mediums,
light bombers and fighters in tacti-
cal assaults blasted and strafed the
Nazi Atlantic wall where the west-
ern invasion soon may fall.
A coast observer said trans-Chan-
nel air traffic was like " a vast train
service running on schedule."
All this daylight activity followed
heavy RAF blows in Belgium and
western Germany last night.
Eletion To Fill
Publications
Board Vacancy
An all-campus election will be held
from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. tomorrow to
fill the student vacancy on the Board
in Control of Student Publications.
Candidates for the position are Bob
Hume, George Darrow and Tom Blis-
ka. Voting will be held in the Engine
Arch and in UHall. All students ex-
cept Army men are permitted to vote
on presentation of their identifica-
tion cards. The term of the posi-
tion is two semesters.
Bob Hume, who is from Canons-
burg, Pa., is captain of the Univer-
sity track team. A junior pre-medi-
cal student, he is a member of Phi
Gamma Delta, Sphinx and Michi-
gamua. He has worked for his fra-
ternity paper and has been student
reporter for the Detroit Times.
George Darrow is a junior in the
NROTC, a member of Phi Gamma
Dnltaa nr i on the exoetiv cnnn-

Propose Amy,
Navy Merger
WASHINGTON, April 24. - O) -
Two of the Army's post-war plan-
ners proposed today that the nation's
armed forces be merged into a single
department of national security aft-
er the war.
The plan was submitted at the first
hearing by the House's new commit-
tee established to study America's
military position in peacetime.
Advocating it were Brig. Gens. John
Macauley Palmer and William F.
Tompkins. Members of the com-
mittee headed by Rep. Woodrum
(Dem., Va.) said one of their group
probably would introduce a bill to
that effect.



I ----

IMPORTANT STEP IN POST-WAR ECONOMIC PLANNING:

PaImer Explains Significance of Stabilization Fund

By MARGARET FARMER
Pointing to the significance of
the proposed United Nations gold-
based stabilization fund, William
B. Palmer of the economics depart-
ment said yesterday that the estab-
lishment of stable exchange rates
is one of the most important steps
that can be taken in post-war
economic planning.
Under the plan announced last

hibitive tax on state bank notes,
each state issued its own currency.
The value of the bank notes varied
from state to state, and to do bus-
iness bankers had to consult weekly
bulletins listing the current relative
values of each bank's issues. The
country had domestic monetary
chaos and trade was hampered.
. "The same situation exists in the
international sphere today. Dol-
lars have to be evaluated in terms
ofti~cc rtr ny~rl a r fa,.nr

ities at fixed prices, and so long' as
it is able to do it, rates of exchange
will be stabilized. No purchaser of
exchange will want to pay more
than the established rate, and no
one will be able to pay less."
During the nineteenth century
the world achieved a certain stabil-
ization of exchange through the
adoption of the gold standard by
the major trading nations, he ex-
plained. With each country's money
_amn~in farm,. .,ofa ltasnr

when countries abandoned the gold
standard, one cannot help feeling
that the violent fluctuations in ex-
change rates during that period
greatly impaired trade.
"There is no reason to return to
a gold standard, however, and I
doubt that we will. It is quite pos-
sible to retain the advantage of
stabilization rates through agree-
ments whereby we and other coun-
tries agree to pursue a policy of

specialize in producing the goods
for which its resources are best
fitted, and each country can read-
ily obtain the goods it cannot pro-
duce itself.
Freer Markets Would Help
"Such surpluses as the excesses of
coffee in Brazil and wheat in Can-
ada that plagued the world during
the depression would have been
much less evident if markets had
been broader and exchange freer."
..-.-. n V- -4P -+ - 4-11