THE MIChIGAN DAILY 14; 154 Fifty-Fourth Year NAZI IDEOLOGY IN AMERICA: "U' High Plan o Abolish Discriminatioi. Sets Example for Country To Follow til N .=' t I Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the regular University year, and every morning except Mon- day and Tuesday during the summer session. Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of repub- licatlon of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second-class mail matter. Subscriptions during the regular school year by car- rier $4.25, by mail $5.25. NEPRNSENTED FOR NATIONa.. AOVER T1.AG BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative 420 MADISON AVE. NEW YORv. N.Y. CHICAGO . BOSTON . Los ANGELS * SAN FRANCiSCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1943-44 Editorial Staff Jane Farrant . Claire Sherman .Stan Wallace . Evelyn Phillips rarvey Frank Bud Low . Jo Ann Peterson Mary Anne Olson Marjorie Rosmarin } . . . . Managing Editor . . . . Editorial Director . . . . . City Editor Associate Editor S . .Sports Editor S Assodcate Sports Editor Associate Sports Editor . . . . Women's Editor . . Associate Women's Editor Business Staff Elizabeth A. Carpenter . . Business Manager Margery Batt . . . Associate Business Manager Telephone 23-24-1 NIGHT EDITOR: BTTY KOFFMAN Editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. A BLANK WALL: King's Resignatotn Won't Solve Problem KING Victor Emmanuel of Italy has announced that he would withdraw from public affairs in favor of his son, Crown Prince Umberto, the day Rome falls into the hands of the Allies. Marshal Badoglio several months ago prom- ised to resign office after the Allies reached Rome. Badoglio stated that he would rather resign than have the King abdicate. In light of Badoglio's sentiments toward Fascism before the overthrow of Mussolini, it seems impossible that he will keep his promises when the time comes for him to resign. King Victor in his broadcast made no mention of Badoglio, how- ever. Every since the overthrow of Mussolini and the establishment of Badoglio as Marshal in Italy, the Italian people have been in a dilemma. The Italian people still have no government upon whicni they can depend. Badoglio and King Victor have approached Count Sforza and other liberal leaders of Italy repeatedly, with hopes of forming a coalition government. Before a coalition government can be formed, however, the problem of a monarchy must be solved. Count Sforza, whose family was a rival for the throne of Italy before the instatement of Victor Emmanuel, and other prominent anti-Fascists i Italy, is willing to settle the difference con- cerning the government and maintain the crown as a symbol if King Victor and his heir, Prince Umberto, abdicate in favor of Umberto's six- year-old son. N SPITE of this antagonism by the liberals and people of Italy toward King Victor and his heir, King Victor has now decided to withdraw from public affairs in favor of his son, in direct opposition to the wishes of the Italian people. Prince Umberto and Victor Emmanuel have followed Fascist dictates for so long, that they couldn't possibly rule as regents or lieutenant- generals without using many of the doctrines of Fascism, in spite of the fact that King Victor has stated that the Italian people will always remember that he put an end to the Fascist regime in Italy. A regency, such as Count Sforza and his fol- lowers once desired, could not be formed because of a statute of 1938, which requires that in case of a regency the next of kin to the King must be named regent. The Italian liberals did not want Prince Umberto as regent. Thus, the solution to the -governmental prob- lems in Italy again faces a blank wall. A government under King Victor or his heir are not the'solutions to Italy's problems. Italy's political problem must now be solved by the people of Italy alone. An Italian revolution, which was once evaded by Allied intervention and occupation in Italy, is the sole solution to the problem. Only then, can the Italian people establish a government upon which they can depend, and in which they will have confidence. -Aggie Miller F THE statements made recently by five for- eign students on the University campus are any indication of a general attitude among friendly nations, the future of America and perhaps of the world will depend upon her youth. While this is not a startling observation, it is nevertheless, significant when considered in the light of other comments made by these same students. American citizens, in being chided for their racial discrimination against the Negro, were compared to the Germans with their idea of Aryan superiority. The foreign student' in making this com- ment, recognized a fact that is too often neg- lected by the less observant. "Customs," he said, "cannot be changed abruptly, but this racial discrimination is something the United States must get rid of-for the whole world looks to America for leadership in freedom." This observation did not stop at a negativistic condemnation; he has pointed out a positive need. University High School has been operating under a plan for 13 years, which-if it were " I'd Ranther SBeRight -By SAMUEL GRAFTON NEW YORK, April 13.-Mr. Hull wants "or- der" in Europe. Order is a darling, order is a dear. By all means, let us have order. But what is order? Stagnation is not order. Mere quiet is not order. Silence is not order. Order is purposeful activity. A machine-ship, making the very devil of a racket, may be orderly; an abandoned mill, sleeping peacefully by the brook, may not be. There is order in Yugoslavia, because there is activity, and there is purpose. But there is disorder in Italy, where we are busy keeping order; the disorder of political stalemate and the disorder of unclear purpose. We confuse order with inertia. They are not the same. An upheaval in the Italian govern- ment, letting the democrats in, would be a step toward order. To hold the democrats back, to suppress their demands, is not order, but frozen disorder. A mass-meeting of Italian democrats, shouting for a hotter war against fascists and fascism, is the height of order, because it is pur- poseful activity. To ban such a meeting may be more quiet, but it is not more orderly. Our lust for what we consider order has more than once made us the father of dis- order. We are deathly afraid of civil war in France, as, of course, we should be. Now it might seem that the reasonable way to avert civil war would be to assemble our French friends, and to recog- nize them as the provisional government. Then the only possible threat of civil war would have to come from the wrong side, and our friends would be in a legal position to knock them, and their threat, on the head, in quiet, emphatic, but orderly fashion. No muss, no fuss, no civil war. BUT we draw exactly the opposite conclusions; we are so afraid someone's feelings will be hurt that we recognize nobody. Thereby we throw the Grand Disorder Sweepstakes open to everybody. If it is theoretically possible for any Frenchman to get our nod, then there is little compulsion on any Frenchman to join the Na- tional Committee. He might do better for him- self politically by staying out. Waverers inside France see us wavering and are encouraged to waver further. We insist, in the name of order, that no man can be allowed to know where he stands. This touches off a fine, frenzied jockeying for position. General de Gaulle dismisses Gen- eral Giraud as commander-in-chief, because he fears that, in our love for order, we might select Giraud as top man. So the effort to outguess our passion for order leads to a chaotic row on the National Commitee. Hay- ing produced this unhappy state of affairs, we cannot now, of course, recognize the Com- mittee, because it is disorderly. Every cat and dog in French politics becomes a possibility, while we stand there, with a Mona Lisa smile, and tease them on. We set loose the swirling, skirling tides of French factionalism, which we fear. Having created this fine condi- tion of flux, we raise an admonitory forefinger and intone: "Remember! No civil war!" Maybe we hope to tire Frenchmen out, so that they will fall into that deep sleep which we regard as order. But sleep is not order. Tentativeness is not order. Stalemate is not order; neither is paraly- sis. Order is efficient action toward a known goal. A man walking briskly down the road is more orderly than a loiterer scratching his head before the signposts, even though he stirs up more dust, even though, occasionally, he throws back his head and sings. (Copyright, 1944, New York Post Syndicate) adopted nationally -might bring about the "change in our custom of discrimination." The plan is no detailed blueprint. It does not have an elaborate listing of techniques. It does not attempt to reform the world. In- deed, it is nothing more than a high school course taught in the upper four grades. "Modern Social Problems," has the unassum- ing aim of helping students understand other people, whether they be black or yellow or red. whether they be rich or poor, whether they be farmers or industrialists. The course includes exactly what its title implies-a study of modern social problems. EDUCATORS might ask, "What is so unusual about those aims? Other history and soci- ology courses attempt to do the same thing. Other teachers are concerned with eliminating discrimination. Other schools point out the complexities in our economic, political and social life." While this is undeniably true, one of the teachers at University High School stated that as far as he knew there is no other high school in the country which has the same 'sort of course set up under this same specified aim, using the same technique. University High School's "MSP," as it is known, is realistic, practical and simple. The class itself decides which problem or phase of world activity it wishes to study. The stu- dents are then divided up into committees for working on individual research projects. At the end of the term, each student is required to turn in a long report of any phase of any problem that interested him particularly. This year the group has placed chief emphasis on race relations. One week was spent on study- ing the nature of the discrimination against Jews. Not only did the class discover examples of injustices to Jews, but it reviewed their his- tory, considered their religious beliefs, and dis- cussed some of their contributions to world civilization. A similar period of time was spent on the American-Japanese problem. Each student was given a specific task to do. Some went to the University Hospital where a large number of the relocated American-Japanese are working. Others talked to advisers and employers. The Rev. Shiego Tanabe, an American-Japanese min- ister who is working with the Relocation Board in Detroit, spoke to the class one day. Students were invited to attend social gathering of the Nisei youth. Other projects for the semester inchlded a study of the Negro problem with the authorita- tive, realistic point of view presented by members of the Dunbar Center, and an investigation of the Latin Americas with particular reference to why these nations might be considered "Good Neighbors." This is Modern Social Problems"'We will readily grant that the course is no cure-all for the social evils of the world or even of the United States. But the flexibility of the course, the wide range of opportunities presented for worthwhile study and the appeal to the inter- est of students has unlimited possibilities for "doing good." If we allow our minds to wander into the un- charted path of the future, we can find hope for a gradual change in the "American custom of discrimination." Certainly if the solution of America's problems depends upon her leaders of tomorrow, then the youth of today must be educated to recognize and to deal with these problems. -Virginia Rock Air' Control.. . IN THE preliminary negotiations conducted in London about the regulation of air transport after the war, one of the most important as well as one of the most ticklish of the questions which may divide the Allies has been under considera- tion. While the world is being made far smaller by the development of the plane, there is danger of a bitter competitive contest among the power- ful nations for mastery of the air. Issues of military security and commercial dominance are both at stake, while the need of the peoples for efficient and reasonably priced air transport is likely to play second fiddle. The United States is now far in the lead, with established routes, the manufacture of large transport planes and the size of trained per- sonnel, while Britain holds the sites of key air- ports in many parts of the globe. Neither can operate worldwide routes without the right of transit over other nations and the right to use their ports. In both nations there is competition among various commercial air companies. The field cannot be left completely free for all comers because of necessary limitations in terminals and ground facilities, and the need for unified regulation both of manufacture and operation in the interest of safety, to say nothing of the convenience of shippers and passengers. All nations concerned are jealous of air power for military reasons in case of future war. If out of this tangle an acceptable order can be cre- ated, it will be a triumph of statesmanship. -The New Republic E R wRY-GO- ROU ND BE CREW EARSON WASHINGTON, April 13.- One factor which has worried the Presi- dent about the Italian stalemate is the Italian political situation. Also, it has not alleviated his irritation with both Churchill and Stalin for helping to continue the Badoglio re- gime. Most people don't realize it, but Italian civilians are simply not aiding the Allies. This is in contrast to the earlier days of the Italian invasion, when civilians penetrated the Ger- man lines and were an extremely important factor in the Allied ad- vance. In fact, some experts believe that Naples might have held out a month longer than it did if Italian youths had not slipped over to the American lines at Might to get am- munition and then returned to sabotage and harass the Nazis from the rear. They came literally beg- ging for hand grenades to throw at the Nazis. Today, this anti-Nazi hostility is over, and we are getting little help from Italian civilians. Furthermore, there is a growing restlessness against the Allies in southern Italy. This is partly due to the fact that we have kept in power the former trappings of Fascism-namely, King Victor Emmanuel anc Marshal Ba- doglio, It is also due to the bungling methods of AMG (Allied Military Government) and, finally, it is due to the difficult task of importing enough food. AMG, according to the grapevine, reports, got off to a bad start when. it was placed under Lord Rennell of Rodd, a former . P. Morgan partner, which firm was once Mus- solini's banker and still has around $60,000,000 outstanding as interest on a loan. The U.S. Army had trained a num- ber of military governors at the Uni- versity of Virginia, but the President once made the crack that the school was packed with Wall Street brokers. (Selection of students for the gover- nors' school has since changed.) At any rate, even Secretary Hull now says that conditions inside occu- I "After the wvar, it'll stare s :eni strange seeing movie stars only in Movies again!" pied Italy are no worse, as he puts it, eyes on the Middle 'East and try t than during the German occupation. take over certain rich oil section This is a serious admission and a long there. The Tigris and the Euphrate way from the making the Allies the Valleys, Col. Leval told the commit saviours of democracy and the chain- tee, not only are rich in fertility, with pions of the four freedoms. So per- tremendous irrigation possibilities haps it is no wonder that Italian but also have an oil empire of fift support has so completely evaporated. billion barrels-the key to peace o NOTE-A survey of other factors causing the stalemate in taly willw ' follow soon. After reminding Senators that this territory was certain to be the victim Ede n.'s 7,-jib, . of a tug-of-war between Britain and . Russia, Col. Leval added: It didn't leak out, but Colonel John "You know this was the Garden of Leval, State Department expert on Eden." Near East oil, was called secretly be- To which, Senator Brewster of fore Senator Maloney's oil commit- Maine shot back: tee to testify regarding the proposed "You mean the Garden of Petro- pipeline through Arabia. Senators leum Eden." are still talking about some of the Without a moment's' hesitation, things he revealed during the five- Senator Vandenberg of Michigan I 1 GRIN AND BEAR I :y Licht ,1 $:,, 7 w. ##dT Y _ N