r wY IL:43111 iaiiSj WTeather Warmer VOL. LIV No. 112 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, APRIL 6, 1944 PRICE FIVE CENTS ilikie Resigns from residential Race __ U. S. Planes Raid Ploesti Rail Yards Oil Refinery Set Ablaze by Bombers; Berlin Reports 52 Raiders Downed By The Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, NAPLES, April 5.-The great oil center of Ploesti, Rumania, was raided again today by U.S. Fortresses and Liberators against heavy opposition and this time it was the town's rail yards rather than the oil fields which were the targets. Aiding Red armies whose spearhead was approximately 200 miles to thea northeast at Iasi, the American bomber fleet and escort of fighters blasted Ploesti's two freight yards gorged with long strings of loaded cars, firing oil-filled tank cars and ripping tracks with explosives. Smoke rose more than three miles high. Ploesti is a town of 70,000 population in an area of about 13 square miles. Oil facilities are so thickly sp t Mustangs Hunt n Enemy Planes .< 0b: Over Germanyp e Liberator Bombers Hammer at French h Port of Pas-de-Calais c By The Associated Pressa LONDON, April 5.-Squadrons of F American fighter planes pierced deep p into Germany today on a unique mis- F sion, gunning for Hitler's Air Forces in the Berlin and Munich areas, whilea Liberator bombers hammered againc at Pas-de-Calais in northern France. i Long-range Mustangs of the Eighthb Air Force's Fighter Command whip- 1 ped across Germany to the vicinitya of Berlin, 600 miles distant, and also plunged into the Munich area, 575d miles from their bases, attacking en- emy planes in the air and on theh ground wherever they could find 1 them. Fighters Over Reich d In addition Thunderbolt and Light- ning fighters also swept over thef Reich in hunting forays and, liket the Mustangs, machine-gunned var- ious enemy airfields. For the most part the German Air s Force offered little resistance, a com- munique tonight said, but the U.S.1 fighters managed to shoot down five J enemy craft in addition to destroying a "several dozen" planes on the ground. Range Over France1 Fighters of the U.S. Ninth (tacti-K cal) Air Force ranged far over France on missions of their own, shooting up airfields at Bourges, Tours, Laval and Chartres, destroying at least six planes and damaging many more ato a cost of two American craft. The fighters came down throughl clouds to strafe the airfields and caught many twin-engined and otherl planes exposed on runways. Heavyt anti-aircraft fire was encounteredv at some points.F *. *' * Tirpitz, Nazis' Last Great Ship, Blazings LONDON, April 5.- (A)- Ger-c many's last great battleship- thea Tirpitz-was blasted along nearly her full length and left blazing in Mon-a day's attack by Royal Navy planes,c the Admiralty announced tonight.i In the - most spectacular feat in1 European waters since the sinking ofc the 26,000-ton Scharnhorst by Brit-t ish surface vessels last December, carrier-based planes roared over the Alten Fjord in Norway at about dawn and attacked the sister ship of ther sunkenBismarck in two waves, hit- ting their target both times with heavy and medium-sized bombs. U' Medical Men Teach in Britain Eight former staff members of the University Hospital have helped make a training center for British and Am- erican medical personnel at a hospital in Great Britain. Among the courses offered are one in psychiatry, taught by Maj. Mose M. Frolich, and one in syphilology by Maj. Charles J. Courville. The other members include Maj. Harry A. Townsley, Capt. Chester P. McVay, Cap. Marshall L. Snyder, Capt. Charles N. Mell, Capt. Peter Crab- otted in the vicinity that some of hem may also have b'een hit. Refinery Blazes (A large oil refinery adjacent to the ail yards was set ablaze, the British adio said in a broadcast recorded y NBC. (The Berlin radio declared, with- )ut Allied confirmation, that 52 Am- rican bombers were shot down.) The assault followed within 24 hours of the first American blow of the war at Bucharest, Rumania's apical 30 miles to the south, and ob- iously was part of a well-planned air campaign by the U.S. 15th Air Force to assist Russian ground forces pounding into the Balkans.t Fourth Major Attack.t It was the fourth major Americant attack in seven days against Balkan communications centers. Sofia,cap- tal of Bulgaria, received its latest blasting March 30 and the Bucharest bombing was preceded on Monday with two attacks on Budapest, capi- tal of Hungary-by U.S. heavies in daylight and by the RAF at night. One report in Italy was that Hitler had been visiting Hungary at the time of the raids on Budapest. Mar- tial law was reported to have been declared there. Ploesti's thickly concentrated oil fields were hit last Aug. 1 by Libera- tors of the U.S. Ninth Air force, then1 stationed in the Middle East, in a spectacular and costly low-level raid. Rumaniaay Qut, Turkish Sources Claim LONDON, April 5.-()-Ruman- ia's days as an effective fighting power appear ended now under the onslught of Russian armies and Al- lied bombers. Premier Ion Antonescu, it is be- lieved here, is finding it impossible to take Rumania formally out of the war since German troops hold all key points, but the people's will to fight is broken and Rumania now is in the same apathetic state as Italy. (A Blue Network broadcast from London quoted Turkish dispatches as saying Antonescu would ask Mos- cow, Washington and London for an armistice.) Although Hitler's Balkan satellites are disintegrating under the burden of war, Allied military chiefs prepar- ing the western front have small hope that a Balkan collapse would be of any immediate serious injury to the German war machine. Rumania's will to fight flares only at the possibility of war with Hun- gary, and ever since th~e Germans started to retreat in Russia, Rumania army morale has dwindled to sub- zero. The Russians have advanced roughly 100 miles recently on a 400- mile front. Plan Sought for Farmer Draft Uniform Policy for Deferments Needed LANSING, April 5.-()-rThestate Selective Service headquarters is looking for a new yardstick to hel' local draft boards to defer agricul- tural workers from military service according to a uniform policy. Local draft boards were left with fn... 1nin n~ Ar, t .in4r. .. T- ('1 A HELMETED INFANTRYMAN of the Americal Division buries his face in the jungle ground of Hill 260 on Bougainville and sobs over the loss of one of his buddies (left), killed by Jap mortar fire. STATE'S NEW CITY: Dorothy Cline Will Speak at Child Care Committee Meeting Dorothy Cline, assistant director of the Federal Public Housing Adminis- tration at Willow Run, will speak on "Michigan's New City" at an orienta- tion meeting of the Child Care Com- mittee at 7:15 p.m. today in the Grand Rapids and Kalamazoo Rooms of the League. Miss Cine, '26, is consultant for several states and cities on commun- ity recreation. A national authority on training and recreation, she has written many books on housing, rec- reation and public administration. Belonged to Wyvern While a student at the University, she was a member of Wyvern, Mor- tar Board and Kappa Delta. Norman Hoben, expert on the training of recreation workers, will speak on the "Development in the Willow Run Community." Mr. Hoben specializes in choral and community singing and orchestra work. Mrs. John Kollen, head of the Red Cross Motor Corps in Ann Arbor which has provided the transporta- tion for the coeds to Willow Run, will also speak. Discussion To Follow After the speeches, Miss Cline will lead a discussion and answer any questions that have arisen in regard to the work at Willow Run. Coeds will then be divided into four groups according to the type of work they have been doing or plan to do at Wil- low Run. Martin Metal will speak on 'Creat- ive Experience' to women who work Prince Umberto Clears Way for Coalition Rule NAPLES, April 5.-UP)- Crown Prince Umberto said tonight he was prepared to act as deputy for his father King Vittorio Emanuele as king, thereby clearing the way for a coalition war government of all the major political parties. In a 30-minute audience Umberto, Prince of Piedmont, confirmed re- ports of the King's proposal a fort- night ago to hand over his powers to his son as his lieutenant. "The King is old and ready to re- tire," the Prince said. "He has had a full life." His father had intended to retire when the Allied armies reached Rome and appoint him as his lieutenant to exercise the prerogatives of the crown, Umberto said. Whether the King might act sooner he was unable to say. The King's pledge to withdraw from public life, however, was of the highest importance since the leaders of the six opposition parties have indicated that it would remove a major obstacle to their collaboration with the government of Premier Ba- doglio. James, 'U' Student, Is Injured in Action in the workshop with various phases of handicraft. Youth To Be Considered Madge Henthore will speak on 'War Youth Clubs' to girls interested in working with mixed teen-aged groups. Norman Holben will lead a group interested in informal recre- ation. Dorothy Ouradnic will speak on 'Nursery School Work.' Lucy Chase Wright, chairman of the committee said that attendance will be taken and that it is import- ant that all girls who have been working at Willow Run or who plan to work there attend the meeting in order that they may et a better un- derstanding of what is needed. British Cabinet Moves To End Wildcat Strikes By The Associated Press LONDON, April 6, Thursday.-The British War Cabinet early today drafted an urgent order specifying that incitement of labor unrest is a criminal offense, and told the Labor Ministry to take any other action necessary to end strikes of more than 110,000 workers in the war-vital coal and ship-building industries. There was no indication of whole- sale arrests or of summoning troops to break strikes, but Scotland Yard, investigating possible subversive ele- ments behind the spreading "wild- cat" strikes, raided Trotskyite Com- munist offices in London and else- where Wednesday, while the Trades Union Congress, parent body of or- ganized British labor, warned that continuance of the work stoppages would imperil Allied victory. Labor Minister Ernest Bevin was expected to warn strikers to return to work and was prepared to take what the News - Chronicle called "drastic steps" if he was not heeded. INDEPENDENTS HONOI 4a -.S7 1l Nazi Escape route from Odessa Cut Soviets Take Rail1 City of Razdelnaya By The Associated Press LONDON, April 5.-Red infantry and mechanized troops, aided by crack cavalry, captured the Ukraine rail junction of Razdelnaya today, cutting the main escape route of an estimated 200,000 Germans still grouped around Odessa as a fast-t swinging Soviet crescent slashed fur- ther down towards that great Black Sea port. Marshal Stalin announced capture of Razdelnaya in an order of the day, and tonight's Soviet communique added more than 130 other populated places to the list of liberated towns, including Yanovka and Antono-Ko- dintselo, 33 and 24 miles north and northeast, respectively, of Odessa. Stariye -Belyary Taken From the east the Russians drove to within 18 airline miles of Odessa with capture of Stariye-Belyary. Razdelnaya, 40 miles northwest of Odessa, is astride the railway through Tiraspol to Rumania, and by taking it the speeding Russians forced the Germans to fall back on Black Sea lanes or a combination rail and ferry route for escape from the Odessa region. Sea Flight Unlikely Flight by sea was unlikely, with the Soviet Black Sea fleet in control of those waters, while the rail-ferry line crosses the wide Dniester River estuary close to the coast, under easy fire of the fleet in addition to any aerial force the Russians might bring to bear on such slow traffic. The First Ukrainian Army 270 air- line miles to the northwest was wind- ing up one of the bitterest individual campaigns of the war. The Russians were fighting through the streets of stubbornly-defended Tarnopol in a house-to-house combat, dispatches to the Moscow press said. The Russians also reported further progress toward wiping out the Skala pocket 55 miles southeast of Tarno- pol, where the survivors of 15 bat- tered German divisions were being methodically slaughtered. Seniors Elect New Presidents Dorothy Darnell was elected presi- dent of the literary college's senior class and Alvin K. Bek was elected president of the senior engineers yes- terday, the Men's Judiciary Council announced last night. Other senior officers in the literary college are George Morley, vice-presi- dent; Geraldine Stadelman, secre- tary; and Miriam Dalby, treasurer. From the engineering college, Jerry E. Cardillo was elected vice-president t of the seniors, and John DeBoer sec- retary-treasurer. Two Union vice-presidents were se- lected, Karl Brenkert Jr., from the i engine school, and Ace Cory, USMCR from the combined schools of bus- Siness administration, forestry, music and public health. Smith Lauds Willkie defeat DETROIT, April 5.-(P)-Ger- ald L. K. Smith, organizer and di- rector of the America First Party, today said the Wisconsin presi- dential primary in which delegates for Wendell L. Willkie trailed those favoring Gov. Thomas E. Dewey, Lieut. Coin. Harold E. Stassen and Gen. Douglas MacArthur "was a great victory for the America First people." Willkie, campaigning in Wis- consin for the Republican presi- dential nomination, had said any candidate who did not repudiate "America First and Gerald L. K. Smith cannot possibly be elected President." "I hope," Smith said in a statement today, "that the other possibilities within the Party have learned by now that the way to make votes is not to at- tack Gerald Smith and the Am- erica First movement." In a letter to Gov. Dewey today commenting on an address by Dewey in New York last night, Smith congratulated the Governor', "on your attack on bigotry and racial prejudice," and added that "I am confident that you have been misinformed concerning my activities. "I confess, I am a nationalist. If you insist on referring to my 'ilk,' remember it includes such names as Col. Robert McCor- mick, Arthur Vandenberg, Henry Ford, Gerald P. Nye, Robert R. Reynolds and numerous others who are known as nationalists and have been smeared by the same stick which evidently was thrust into your hand just be- fore you made your address on April 4." Candidate Loses In Party Primary Aspirant Requests Name Not Be Given At Convention; Dewey Chief Prospect By The Associated Press OMAHA, April 5.-Wendell Willkie gave up tonight. The fighter they said never knew when to quit walked out of the Republican presidential nomination race an admittedly beaten man- smashed in a Wisconsin primary that gave him not a single delegate but went overwhelmingly for Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York. Speaking at Omaha City auditorium before an audience originally invited to hear him as a presidential candidate, Willkie said: "It is obvious that I can not be nominated. I therefore am asking my friends o desist from any activity toward that end and not to present my name at the convention." He thus: 1. Left Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York the generally recognized though professedly unaspiring No. 1 possibility among Republican presi- dential prospects. Question of Willkie Support 2. Raised the question whether he (Willkie) will support the man the Republican Party nominates at Chi- cago in June-whoever that may be. 3. Left unanswered the question of what former Willkie strength, if any, has gone over to Governor John W. Bricker of Ohio, Lieut. Com. Harold E. Stassen, former Minnesota govern- or, or other Re- publican aspir- ants. Bricker de- clined to com- ment. But one fact stood out: In two days- with the Wiscon- sin election yesterday which gave him an astonishing majority, fol- lowed by Willkie's retirement tonight -in two days, scrupulously close- mouthed Tom Dewey had jumped far ahead as the No. 1 prospect of the moment for the Republican pres- idential nomination in June. "It has been my conviction," Will- kie said here tonight, "that no Re- publican could be nominated for President unless he received at the convention the votes of some of the major mid-western states. For it is in this section of the country that the Republican Party has had its greatest resurgence. Primary Was Test "Therefore I quite deliberately en- tered the Wisconsin primary to test whether the Republican voters of the state would support me and in the advocacy of every sacrifice and cost necessary to winning and shortening the war, and in the advocacy of tan- gible, effective economic and political cooperation among the nations of the world for the preservation of the peace and the rebuilding of humanity. "The result of the primary is nat- urally disappointing and doubly so since the delegate who led the poll for delegates is known as one active in organizations such as the America First, opposed to the beliefs which I entertain." Willkie Admits Defeat Then Willkie admitted he now knew he could not be nominated- and he quit. Nor did he, in quitting, commit himself to support the Republican nominee-whoever he may be-al- though "earnestly" expressing the hope that the Republican convention will nominate "a candidate and write a platform which really represents the views which I have advocated." Nomination of Dewey Foretold WASHINGTON, April 5.--( P)-The withdrawal of Wendell L. Willkie from the Republican presidential race prompted jubilant supporters of Gov. Thomas E. Dewey to predict tonight that Dewey would be nomin- ated on an early, if not the first, bal- lot at Chicago. Even before Willkie's acknowledge- ment that he had no chance to win the nomination, they had been mak- ing such forecasts. They based them on yesterday's Wisconsin primary, in which Dewey captured the lion's share of the state's 24 delegates, 1 T 4 P..f 4U "-b xi artstfi s u t fl I FI V Wf PP 15r Scholarship at Assembly Night Jap Penetration Menaces India Railway Lines By The Associated Press New triumphs for American air forces in the Pacific were reported today as Japanese troops, driving deeper into India, increased their threat to the railway supplying Unit- ed States soldiers in Burma. Fresh from smashing the Japanese air force at Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea, southwest Pacific bombers returned to the attack on Wewak, which only a month ago was a pow- erful air center on northeast New Guinea. Thirteen parked planes were destroyed in a huge explosion. Central Pacific bombers struck in three directions from their advanced base's-to the north at Wake Island where a cargo ship was sunk, to the south at Ponape in the Eastern Caro- lines, and to the east at the four iso- lated Japanese bases in the Mar- shalls. The attack on Ponape by low- flying, cannon-firing Mitchells was described as possibly the most effect- ive of the 27 attacks on that outpost of Truk since Feb. 14. Council Finds Milk Surplus DETROIT, April 5.- (P)- The Greater Detroit Consumers Council demanded today that the War Food Administration abolish immediately The presentation of awards for scholarship and outstanding partici- pation in war activities was the high- light of Assembly Recognition Night which was held at 8 p.m. yesterday at Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. Six Seniors Honored Those recognized for being the most active in war activities were the following: seniors, Virginia Rock, 913 E. Huron; Barbara Herrinton, Mar- tha Cook; honorable mentionsPeg Weiss, Martha Cook; Jean Bisdee, Martha Cook; Rosalie Bruno, New- berry,aand Mary Anne Olson, Betsy Barbour. The juniors recognized were Doris Peterson, Newberry, and Margery Hall, Martha Cook. The sophomores were Agatha Miller, Mosher, and Neva Nearevski, Stockwell, with Lee Ira M. Smith, registrar, gave the scholastic awards which went to sen- ior Florence Tucker, Martha Cook; Lois Brandenburg, Betsy Barbour, and Eleanor Finkel, 2202 Shadford, won the honorable mentions. The junior awards went to Helen Simp- son, 713 E. Catherine; honorable mention to Ruth Scott Collins of Stockwell and Ann Terbergen of Martha Cook. Scholastic Awards Made RubyKuhlman, Adelia Cheever, topped the sophomores and Mary Alexander and June Gumerson of Stockwell copped second honors. These awards were made on the basis of the grades of 1942-43. Adelia Chee- ver and Martha Cook won the house awards; the league houses mentioned were 914 Hill and 1027 E. University.