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Fifty-Third Year
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efficAao , BosTON Los AMontes *SAn FNAwcII3co

Frankly, Hermann-wwe don't know where our next meal is coming from

Ii ill I'~ ..--,---- ----------- - ________________

WERRY-GO-
ROUND
By DR EW
PE A R S ON
WASHINGTON-U.S. experts ac-
companying the President on his
historic trip to Mexico found a new
type of problems confronting the
two nations far different from those

Letters to the Editor

I have been slightly nauseated,
the past few days, over the hysteri-
cal rantings occasioned by the Japa-
nese execution of the American
fliers who bombed Tokyo. Headlines
:creamed of the "barbarous, inhu-
man action" taken by the Japanese
military hierarchists. Congress rose
to its collective, titubating feet and
proclaimed to the world the diaboli-
cal barbarity. One Representative,

Editorial Staff

Bud Brimmer . . .
Leon Gordenker
Marion Ford .
Charlotte Conover
Betty Harvey
Jlames Conant.

. . Editorial Director
* . . City, Editor,
. . Associate Editor
Asso ciate Editor
S . Women's Editor
* . , Columnist

B~usiness Staff

of several, years ago. minority leader Martin of Massa-
Not many people are worrying chusetts, went so far as to say that
much about oil, though that ques- "It is shocking to realize that any
tion still remains unsettled. Nor is nation could be so barbarous."
And so, my suspicions have been
anyone bothering about the famous confirmed. The erudite Congress-
tract of no-man's land, Chamizal, men who naively implied that he
which Mexico and El Paso both have had been completely unaware that
bitterly claimed for half a century such a cruel nation existed only
.wnaserves to accentuate the lack of our
and which was a controversial haven se of values and the realization
for bootleggers back in prohibition 1hat, in northern Europe, there
days. . is a nation known as Germany
Instead, one of the most difficult (G-e-r-m-a-n-y). Here, Mr. Repre-
among our problems is trying to per-I sentative-from-Mass., is a country
suade Mexico to ration tires. Most which has systematically murdered
Americans can sympathize with Mex- not eight, but over two million peo-
ico in this. She raises her own rub- ple, not for dropping bombs upon
ber, refines her own gasoline, and them, but for simply embracing the
plenty of it-also has her own tire Jewish religion. Bromidic as it may
factories. sound, "All's fair in love and war"
So it is awfully difficult for the is, nevertheless, true. A measure of
Mexican automobile owner, far re- justification, atomistic as it may be,
moved from the war, to wax enthu- can be found in the execution of our
siastic over putting his car in the fliers, in that we are at war with
garage part of the week to provide Japan, and such measures are an
more rubber for his Gringo neigh- integral part of the beastiality and
bor to the north. Nevertheless, the stupidity that is war. We can grow,
optimistic State Department is plug- red, in the face, become hysterically
ging this. incensed over the act, bpt I main-
tain that the flush on our cheeks,
Techaical Probtems the anger, should not be over the
fact that the pilots were executed;

a funeral dirge?), uhparalleled in
the blackest pages of history-a case
so clear-cut it should draw its razor-
like edge across the heart of every
American. Can our execration of
the Japanese perpetration stem from
the idea that Americans are gods,
protected from such Inhuman treat-
ment? If we answer "yes" to this
query we are admitting the theory
of Racism. But no one (except, pos-
sibly America First-ers) say that we
are gods; instead we like to think
that we Americans represent the
forces of good, and any "inhuman,
barbarous" destruction of them is a
victory for the elements of evil-per-
secution, suppression, etc. Can we
regard the cattle-like slaughter of
the Jews as being any less a victory
for these forces of sin? Looking at
the situation objectively, may we
not, rhetorically ask, should not those
helpless victims of Nazi insanity be
entitled, as are the dead pilots, to
the same amount of tears, anger,
and vows of retaliation? Look at
how unevenly the balances lie. On
one side of the scale there are the
eight American fliers who bombed a
country and were executed in viola-
tion of a hypothetical rule of WAR.
On the other balance rest the corpses
of millions of Jews (including women
and children) who had rained death
on no country, who were at war with
no nation, who had no means of
,defending themselves, and whose
wholesale execution breached the
most sacred and valid of all laws-
the inherent right of all persons to
"life, liberty, and the pursuit of hap-
piness."
Can we reconcile the paradox of
tearing our hair over the execution
of eight American pilots at war,
and, concurrently, whispering a meek
protest against the European mass
murders-can we reconcile this atti-
tude with our war against totali-
tarianism and its heinous ideologies?
I doubt it. - Donald Shapiro

Elizabeth Carpenter
Pat Gehlert
Jeanne Lovett
Martha Opsion
Sybil Perlmutter
Molly Winokur
Margery Wolfson
Barbara Peterson
Rosalie Frank .

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NIGHT EDITOR: MARGARET FRANK
13ditorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.

'1918 STUFF':
'PropagandaWary
Citizens Perturb OWI
A REPORT issuing from Washington this week
indicated that the Office of War Informa-
tion is perturbed about the manner with which
Americans dismiss stories of enemy terrorism
and cruelty.
According to a recent OW survey, accounts
of enemy atrocities are treaed as "propa-
ganda" and classed as "the kind. of stuff we
heard in 1918". People tend to rationalize
accounts of terrorism as "you have to expect
those things, in war," "the Nazis face a tough
job handling the conquered countries and
maybe sometimes they go a little too far,"
or "there's bound to be some brutality here
and there," the Office explains.
The OWI clears its own position as "propa-
ganda spreader" by informing the American
people that it is not possible to give. a true pic-
ture of the enemy without presenting the legiti-
mate and inescapable facts about audaciops
cruelty. American newspapers are not drwna-
tizing or adding horror to war stories, it says.
They are reporting the facts straight as they
happen on the front lines.
"Atrocities have been ommitted in every
country occupied by the enemy; this is no
accident," the OW report continues, "they
are an integral part of his strategy of war
and scheme of political domination."
The recent release of the story of Japanese
execution of American fliers captured after the
Tokyo raid a year ago is the type of "strategy",
to which the OWI is referring.
Another case appeared this week -in a story
from Stockholm reading, "The secret Polish
radio appealed for help tonight in a broadcast
from Poland and then suddenly went dead. The
broadcast as heard here (Stockholm) 'The last
35,000 Jews in the ghetto at Warsaw have been
condemned to execution. Warsaw. again is
echoing to musketry volleys. The people are
murdered. Women and children defend them-
selves with their naked arms. Save us
T HE OWI believes that as soon as Americans
realize atrocities are committed purposefully,
as a deliberate means to a deliberately chosen
end-the permanent destruction of the energies,
spirit, resistance and national identity of people
inside conquered countries-the "propaganda-
wary" American will be a man of the past.
Every day American newspapers carry authen-
tic stories of devices employed by the enemy to
carry out his plan of terrorism. These are
stories of torture, violence, starvation, murder,
fake justice, reprisals, hostages, and concentra-
tion camps. These devices tie in with the "pre-
meditated purpose". They are not merely "things
you have to expect in war".
The OWI further hopes to put across to the
American reading and listening public "that
atrocities are not forced upon the enemy by
exigencies of war". This is an established
Axis technique of political control to be used
in this war and provided thw
m tis ar ndproide tey i-after the
war as a nermanent policy. "The eneiy is
taught to use terror and brutality and is en-
couraged in official philosophy and practice
to hold in contempt humane principals," the
report continues.
The purpose of releasing accounts of terror-
ism is not to shock the average man and woman,
instill revulsion anxiety, and a frustrated: rage
that cannot be expressed in immediate or direct
action against the enemy, the Office contends.
These reports are to awaken Americans to
the fact that there will be other eecutons in

RELIABILTY9

Does FR Guarantee
U.S. Non~Imperialisn?
IN the President's recent visit to Mexico, the
mutual brotherhood of both the, United States
and Mexico was procaimed. The desire was
expressed for a peace "wherein no group in one
country may exploit the resources and people
of another".
The most obvious reference which this proc-
lamation calls to mind is the exploitation of
the oil interests in Mexico by the Americans.
Even before the war the Mexicans had struck
out for themselves in order to change this
situation. Now we are presented with a guar-
antee that such exploitation will never take
place i Mexico again.
It is hard to ascertain when the declarations
of non-imperialistic aims were being presented
whether they were referring directly to the oil
situatin or whether they were stating the fu-
ture foreign policy of the United States.
When Roosevelt declared, "We know that
the day of the exploitations of the resources
and the people of one country for the benefit
of any group in another country is definitely
ever", ws he for tlce moment carried away
,by ,visions ,q a beautiful future or were his
words spoken sincerely.? The speech that the
Presient presented was revolutionary in that
he declared that the era of imperialism was
over. It is for this reason that we should defi-
nitely know if he- were only referring to the
troubles with Mexico or presenting a new
international policy.
It is a good sign when the executive of such a
pwerful nation as ours comes right out against
imperialism. It shows definitely that the men
who are leading the United States are thining
constructively of the methods by which future
wars may be averted. But there have been so
many words given to us since December, 1941,
that we cannot help but wvonder if this was just
another flowery speech.
N the many theories advanced as to what our
position will be after this war, there is one
which is distressingly logical. Since the en-
trance by the United States into this World War,
Great Britain has relinquished more and more
her defense of the Pacific and a greater part
of the Atlantic. As a result of this the countries
of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and other
smaller nations have come to rely upon the
United States almost entirely for military and
economic sunpdrt. Here we have a basis for a
new imperialistic America after the war. If we
achieve this position just think how much
wealthier we will be. Are we strong enough to
resist such power?
For these reasons it is important to the peo-
ple who are working for a world for th
world's sake to know if the President was
speaking sincerely.
Such declaration must be carefully consid-
ered and guarded for the time when the blows
of international peace are struck. They must
be so nowerful that the. extensive forces of
greed and material aceumulation will be for
once and for all overcome. -- Mary onay
REVELATION:
Tokyo T actics Awaken
4 mericnsa t Reality
T AK YOU, Mr. Tojo. Your execution of
the valiant American pilots who bombed
Tokyo has done exactly what the Allied leaders

I'd Rather
Be Right
BySAMUEL GRAFTON
NEW YORK, April 21.-SNAPSHOTS OF
WORLD AT WAR: The Italians are said to be
"acquiring merit" for themselves by being osten-
tatiously kind to Jewish refugees. They are
being kinder than the Vichy French, which
ought not be hard. The New York Times re-
ports that all refugees who possibly can do so,
go from France to Italy, preferring the minis-
trations of the Italian army to those of French
gendarmes.
There are persistent reports that Spain's treat-
ment of refugees is surprisingly good. More
merit? When we were weak, these countries
did not care much for refugees. Now we are
stronger and they are kinder.
If aUll this be true, then Allied pressure does
make a difference inside Europe. If that be
true, then the American-English refugee con-
ference at Bermuda, which started out by
abdicating, by announcing that only victory
can save the refugees, ought to be disbanded,
and its members put to more useful work, like
folding tin cans. If some pressure has done
some good, more pressure can do more good.
Europe is not so insensitive. The Nazis, for
example, have given up Wagner for the current
celebration of Hitler's birthday, and have turned
to what Artur Schnabel would call a civilian
composer, Beethoven. They even had the bloody
gall to play the chorale movement of the Ninth
Symphony, whose refrain, of course, is: "All
men are brothers."
So the Germans, inside their fence, are taking
the brother line, are they? Hitler seems to feel
the need for brothers; the ersatz Wotan with
the small mustache is tired of sitting aloie on
his mountain peak. He wants to come down and
huddle. A little more pressure and we might
convince these specimens that brotherhood is
here to stay.
I don't quite believe the Algiers radio when it
reports tht the Italians have issued a pamphlet
to the civilian populace, calling on it to be "po-
lite" to invaders when they come, and to use
women, especially, as intermediaries and nego-
tiators. The pamphlet is also reported to advise
Italians that it is all right, even for fascists, to
accept food if the invaders offer it. This might
be a roundabout, consummate Italian fascist
device for telling the Italian people that the
Allied invasion means food, which is rather
more than Hitler has ever meant.
In any case (and even if there isn't any such
pamphlet) the fact that there can be such a-
rumor shows how ugely the climate inside
Europe has changed, We used to get rumors
of another sort. Our work in Africa does have
an effect inside Europe. Maybe we ought to
have a European delegate to that refgee -
conference.
There is a report that the Germans are con-
centrating on building fighter planes instead
of bombers, which would mean an admitted shift
to the defensive. If fear of us can revise air-
plane construction policy in Germany, why
might it not revise the extermination policy as
applied to Jews and others? Pressure works in
mysterious ways, its political miracles to per-
form. A declared policy of direct retaliation,
perhaps from the air, for murder of hostages
and refugees could not be without effect. Not
when they are playing Beethoven and have iled

Most present U.S.-Mexican prob-
lems now arise out of the war-such
as getting more railroad cars for
Mexico, getting str-tegic materials
to erect a high octane gasoline re-
finery, whether Mexican oil tankers
shall operate with the U.S. Fleet,
getting Mexican workers for U.S
harvest fields. Some of these are
technically difficult, but do not
arouse antagonism.
So, on the whole, U.S.-Mexican
relations never were better. Under-
lying them, however has been a grow-
ing Mexican fear that with our big
Navy, our tremendous Army, we
might develop the dictator-imperial-
ist complex after the war and go
berserk with our once "good neigh-
bors". This under-current has been
fanned by our policy of Vichy-
Franco cooperation, and by our
treatment of Spanish republican ref-
ugees in North Africa to which Mex-
ico will now give a haven.
So the Roosevelt-Avila Camacho
visit should do worlds of good at this
time.
Premium on Rad Behavior
Diplomatic dispatches from Switz-
erland indicate displeasure with U.S.
policy which rewards pro-Fascist na-
tions such as Spain, and indirectly
punishes the friendly nations such
as Switzerland.
"We have been strictly neutral and
well behaved," say the Swiss, "and
consequently the Board of Economic
Warfare, while pouring supplies into
Spain, pays no attention to us."
Chairman of the Board of Eco-
nomic Warfare is Vice President
Wallace, brother-in-law of the Swiss
Minister to Washington. However,
that makes no difference. The State
Department sets the policy of ap-
peasing Spain, and Wallace's BEW
has to follow it.
Food Conference Secrecy
Assistant Secretary of State Dean
Acheson did some fast back-tracking
when called before a closed-door
meeting of the House Foreign Af-
fairs and Agriculture Committee to
explain the reasons for the proposed
banning of the press from the Inter-
national Food Conference at Hot
Springs, Va.
He explained that 43 countries
will be represented at the confer-
ence, with five official delegates and
five alternates each, making a total
of about 430. Argentina would not
be represented, he said, because the
delegate list had been limited to
countries which have broken rela-
tions with the Axis and have sub-
scribed to the "four freedoms'.
"There might be some unfortun-
ate consequences if we turned re-
porters loose on these 430 people,"
the Assistant Secretary of State con-
tinued. "A lot of feature stories
might be written about their pecu-
liarities of language and customs,
and possibly their comments on the
conference might be misinterpreted.
We want to avoid anything of this
nature from which other nations
might take offense."
Representative John Vorys of Ohio,
Richard Kleberg of Texas, Karl
Mundt of South Dakota, Victor
Wickersham of Oklahoma and other
"free press" champions of the two
committees quickly pounced upon
this statement, contending that it
was inconsequential and not proper
grounds for excluding the press from
the Hot Springs sessions.
"Do you want to keep the Ameri-
can peonle from knowing wht ri ..

but, rather, only that the act was a
breach of international law. How
else are we to look at it, when mil-
lions of Jews are being cruelly, tor-
- turously exterminated? Here is a
case (yes, I know you've heard this
song before; only have you ever
. thought of how much it sounds like

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN

SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1943
VOL. L11 No. 147
All notices for the Daily Official Bul-
letIn are to be sent to the Office of the
President in typewritten form by 3:30
p.m. of the day preceding its publica-
tion, except on Saturday when the no-
tices should be submitted by 11:30 a.m.
w- iesl
War Bonds: Buy your War Bonds for
April at University Cashier's Office, Or-
ders may be sent through campus mail.
University War Bond Committee
Seniors: The firm which furnishes di-
plomas for the University has sent the
following caution: "Please warn graduates
not to store diplomas in cedar chests.
There is enough of the moth-killing aro-
matic oil, inthe average cedar chest to
soften Inks of any kind that might be
stored inside them, resulting in seriously
damaging the diplomas."
Shirley W. Smith
Notice: It is no longer possible for the,
storeroom at the University Hospital to
furnish special service for parties, recep-
tions, or other special occasions at resi-
dence halls or to groups of faculty or stu-
dent personnel. The difficulties involved,
under the rationing system, in purchasing
food supplies, and the impossibility of se-
curing personnel for distributing and
accounting for such supplies make it nec-
essary to confine the food service here-
after strictly to the standard needs of
the Hospital, the Health Service, the
Michigan League, thehResidence Halls,
iind the Elementary School Cafeteria d'ur-
ing such periods only as the Elementary
School is in session. It should be under-
tood that this notice applies only to re-
quests for special service. The discon-
tinuance of such service is made with re-
gret and only after every effort to avoid
it. It is believed, there is no other course
open. Shirley W. Smith
To Students Graduating at Commence-
inent.' May 29, 1943:
Diplomas not called for- at the offices
of the Recorders of the several Schools
and- Colleges, immediately following the
Commencement Exercises, or at the Busi-
ness Office by June 2, will be mailed C.O.D.
'rhe domestic postage payable under these
conditions will be 27o for the larger sized
rolled diplomas and 36c for the book form.
Will each graduate, therefore, be cer-
tain that the 'Diploma Clerk has his cor-
-ect mailing address to insure delivery, by
mail? The U.S. Mail Service will, it is
expected, return any diplomas which can-
not be delivered. Because of adverse.
conditions 'abroad, foreign students should
leave addresses in the United States, if,
possible, to which diplomas may be mailed.
It is preferred that ALL diplomas be
personally called for.
Herbert G. Watkins,
Assistant Secretary
German Table for Faculty Members will.
meet Monday at 12:10 p.m.in the Found-
ors' Room Michigan Union. Members of
all departments are cordially invited.
There will be a brief talk on "Was ich in
Indien nicht sah" by Mr. Wolfgang
tKraus.
School of Education Faculty: The regu-
lar meeting of the faculty will be held
on Monday, April 26, in the Universityt
Elementary School Library. Tea will beI
served at 3:45 p.m. and the meeting will2
fnonera Ct A 15 m m_

on the basis of scholastic standing. Stu-
dents wishing to make application should
address a letter to Dr. A. M. Kuethe,
B-47 East Engineering Building, giving a
briefstatement ofrtheir qualifications
and experience in regard to both their
scholastc work and any outside experil-
ence they may have had. A statement
thould also be made giving their plans
for further study in Aeronautical Engi-
neering. Applications will be received up
to May 5, 1943.
Juniors and Seniors In Aeronautical En-
gineeri ng: There will. be available in the
Department of Aeronautical Engineering
for the Summer Term of 1943 student
assistantships. The selection of candt-
dates for these assistantships is made very
largely on the basis of scholatic stan'ding-
Students wishing to make application
should address a letter to Dr. A. M.
Kuethe, B-47 East Engineering Building:
Letters should include a statement of
courses taken in Aeronautical Engineering.
Applications will be received up to May
10, 1943.
Seniors in Aeronautical Enginee-ing,
and Mathematical Physicists: A ipre-
sentative of the McDonnell Aircraft Cr-
poration, St. Louis, Missouri, will inter-
view May and September graduates foi
positions on Friday, April 30. Interested
men will please sign the interview sched-
ule posted on the Aeronautical Engln~eer-
ing Building. Interviews will be held in
Room 3205 East Engineering Building.
AcadeIc Notices
Bacteriology 312 Seminar will meet tues
day, April 27, in Room 1564, East Medical
Building, at 4:15, p.m. Subject: "Studies-
of the effects of type-specificpneumooc-
cus polysaccharides and gelatin oW the
sedimentation rate of red blood cells."
All interested are invited .
Biological Chemistry Seminar will meet
on Tuesday, April 27, at 7:30 panm. in Roomn
319 West Medical Building. "Biotir and
Antibiotin (Avidin)" will be discussed.
All interested are invited
Biological Station: Applications for ad-
mission to the 1943 summer session are
being received. An announcement decrib-
Ing the courses offered can be obtained at
the Office of the Summer Session, or at-
Room 1073 Natural Science Building.
- A make-up for the Aptitude Tests given
previously on Tuesday, April 13. has been
scheduled for 7 o'clock Thursday, Aprtil
29, in the Rackham Amphitheatre Any
freshman, sophomore, or junior wishing
to take the make-up should register at.
the War Information Center in the League.
All registrations must be in by noon on
Wednesday, April 28. Students will not.'
be admitted to the examination unless
they have registered for the make-up,.
Preliminary Examinations for the D-o-
torate In the School of Education will be
held on May 12, 13 and 14. Anyone de-
siring to take these should notify my of-
fice by May 1.
Clifford Woody,
Chairman of Committee. on
Graduate, Study in Education
Doctoral Examination for John Wyn--
stra, Chemistry; thesis: "A' Study of the
Polymers Formed in the Reactions of Cer-
tal Triarylchloromethanes with Phenyl
Lithium," will be held on Monday, Abril
26, in 309 Chemistry, at 2:30 p.m. Chair;
man. C. S. hnenfIe

kk,
44
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