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Fifty-Third Year

I I

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oeorge W: Sallad6 . Asociate Editor
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barbara deFries . . . . .. Wmen's Editor
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"Take a pinch of this, and add a pinch of that, and.. ."
" t%
. . . . . . .

ECONOMIC STAGNATION:
Will Business Defeat Us?


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(FROM THE NEW REPUBLIC)
PRESIDENT William P. Witherow,
sounding the keynote of the
annual convention of the National
Association of Manufacturers, led
off the inevitable campaign for a
return to business-as-usual and ec-
onomic isolation after the war. He
wants all controls abandoned as
soon as possible. And while he ad-
mits that some relief abroad will be
necessary in war-devastated re-
gions, he does not want that fol-
lowed up by any positive recon-
struction to set these peoples on
their feet again and enable them
to raise their levels of living.
In the picturesque language that
may well have been furnished him
by some propagandist ghost-writer,
he is against "a quart of milk a day
for every Hottentot" and against "a
TVA for the Danube Valley Re-
gionO
HOTTENTOTS
For some reason, Mr. Witherow
seems to think that the quarts of
milk to be supplied to the Hotten-
tots-who in this context stand for
the undernourished and sick chil-
dren of Latin America or Central'
Europe-will be shipped .straight
from the milk routes of American
cities and will come out of the ra-
tions of American citizens. He im-
plies that if the Danube Valley has
a TVA, we can have no more TVA's
in the United States - against
which he would presumably fight
anyway with all his heart and soul.
At any rate, he assumes that every
increase in levels of living abroad
will have to be the product of
American philanthropy and will re-
duce living standards in this coun-
try.
No more devastating self-revela-
tion of the stupidity of typical lead-
ing business minds could be ima-
gined. Such is the poison of the
acquisitive and monopolistic habit
of thought that it is inconceivable
to many of those who spend their
time chasing fortunes that any ma-
terial advantage can be gained by
one person unless he wrests it from
another. The whole lesson of a cen-
tury of miraculous advances in
technical efficiency and increased
output has been lost on them. Mr.
Witherow apparently looks forward
to a business paradise in which
American manufacturers accumu-
late billions making a vast quantity
of products which are to be sold to
a world which has about half
enough money with which to buy
them.
At the very same convention,

government spokesmen told the
representatives of industry how
greatly our production has in-
creased as a result of the war. We
are now making more weapons than
all the Axis powers put together,
besides maintaining the civilian
population at a level which is, on
the average, as high as it has ever
risen. Specific sacrifices of course
are being made, and more will be
necessary as we swing into an all-
out war economy, but nobody will
be undernourished, and precious
few will even be seriously uncom-.
fortable-a condition which has
not previously been achieved. What
does Mr. Witherow think is going
to happen in this country when war
orders stop?
SOMETHING of course must hap-
pen to keep factories busy-
even busier than now, in order to
absorb the millions of returning
soldiers-or American business will
have to keep on making tanks and
guns as long as it is able to do so,
in order to defend its property
against hungry and outraged arm-
ies of unemployed citizens.
Mr. Witherow might, with a su-
preme mental effort, be able to
grasp the fact that if the "Hotten-
tots" could be set up in the dairy
industry, they would need enough
agricultural machinery and trucks.
to keep a few American factories
free from this dolorous necessity.
Likewise a Danubian TVA would
presumably keep a few wheels turn-
ing in Schenectady and Pittsburgh.
The workmen who were employed
at this Danubian TVA must in
turn have something with which to
buy the products of other American
manufacturers.
We do not mean to imply, of
course, that the export market.
must be the sole substitute for the
orders now streaming from the gov-
ernment. There is plenty to be done
in this country, if all are to have a
decent standard of living. But no
market will exist anywhere unless.
some means can be found of uti-
lizing the immense savings of the
American people in new investment
in capital goods and equipment.
The inescapable logic of the situ-,
ation, obvious to all who have stu-
died the subject, is that the price of
full production and employment in
the present is a large stream of in-
vestment in preparation for more
production in the future.
It is also obvious that the more
we can produce, the more people
must have high levels of living if
the full product is to be sold. That

NIGHT EDITOR. GEORGE W. SALLADE

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Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written, by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers ~nly.


UNTIL IT HURTS!
Match Their Sacrifice,
Give All To Good fellows.
TODAY the United. States is in the midst of
its greatest struggle for existence. Thousands
of its young men are making the maximum sacri-.
flice for their country, while millions of other
Americans have had their lives. altered by this
war that knows no distinction between soldier
and civilian. Everywhere each and every Ameri-
can is doing his part that victory might be as-
sured and lasting peace attained.
It is difficult to ask for more in times like,
these, but on this Monday, Dec. 14, we are ask-
ing you, Mir. and Mrs. John Q. Citizen, for just'
a little more. We are asking that you contribute
some share, no matter how. small, of your re-
sources that some other American might, enjoy
the bare necessities of life.
MORE THAN 250 University students will sell
Goodfellow Dailies today over the entire city
of Ann Arbor. Generous cooperation from fra-
ternities and sororities and other campus groups
has enabled the staffing of 15 sales posts in the
campus area while the Manpower Corps is add-
ihg 80 students to canvass the downtown dis-
tricts. This year's drive promises to. be one of
the most complete in coverage of any of those
of recent date.
But there may be an occasional Scrooge:
who "is tired of first giving to one thing and
then to another." He's the same fellpw who
was against lend-lease aid to the nations figlht-
ing Hitler and who said that the UnitedStat"s,
was immune to attack or more receny that
there was gas enough for everybody. Let .him
be reminded of the sacrifices others are ipak-
ln that he might enjoy comparative comfort,
anid safety and that to share this good fortune
with others is indeed a small price to pay.
Of all charity drives conducted during the
school year, the Goodfellow campaign is oie
fron which the average University student can
Claim a direct benefit. Part of the money col-
lected is given to the Student Good Will Fund
and to the textbook lending library. Both of
these agencies are of great value to the needy
student and have made it possible for many
young men and women of less than average
financial means to complete their University
education."
Perhaps we can look forward to some day in
the uncertain future when one-third of a na-
tion will not be illhousod, ilU-clathed and ill-
fed and when fear and want are absent from
the world. Until that day, which has been

DREW C
PEAROWS
MERY-GO-ROUND
WASHINGTON- The sentiment of the Italian
people, especially in southern Italy, is such that
they would welcome deliverance from Mussolini
and Hitler. U.S. diplomats, waiting for release
from internment after Pearl Harbor were told
secretly by Italians: "We will not forget!"
There. are many things they will not forget,
including the ludicrous behavior of Mussolini,
who conceals his baldness and his wen by never
removing his hat before a camera; the wild bet
havior of his daughter, Edda Ciano; and the
lavish entertaining of Count Ciano, who serves
soap-to-nuts banquets while the people eat a
few ounces of rationed bread.
As yet there has been no bombing of Rome,
but some indication of what might happen was
given early in the war when the French sent
planes over Rome for four nights. The people
poured out of the city on everything that had
wheels, including push carts, bicycles and baby
carriages. Yet the French had dropped nothing
more harmful than leaflets.
In Naples, however, it is another story. Here
the people have already suffered bombing, but
Allied planes are careful to aim at military ob-
jectives,
Gwfly investigates
; lcssive cost of ordnance equipment for the
:, . Army ip about to be probed by Republican
gadfly Congressman Albert J. Engel of Michigan.
He has, already discovered two sources of ex-
cessive costs-overstaffing of plants, and a sharp
increase in material costs. Engel proposes to
take the 105 mm. gun, break it down into com-
ponent parts and find out why every one of
these guns now being built for the Army costs
the taxpayers $83,000.
(Copyright, 1942, United Features Syndicate)
the goal of men for centuries, arrives, however,
that one-third of a nation must depend upon
the generosity of the rest of us for its well-
being.
SO TODAY when you are approached by a
Goodfellow salesman, remember the other
fellow. Remember that the strength of a nation,
especially in wartime, depends even more on
the happiness and economic security of all of its
citizens. Give until it hurts!
-- George W. Sallade

I'd Rather
_Be Right
By SAMUEL GRAFTON
NEW YORK-There is some talk about the
need for an international police force after the
war, but if you look closely, we kind of have one
now, in the combined operations of the British
and Americans, Americans. and Australians,
Americans and Chinese, British and Fighting
French, etc.
These forces are engaged in a police opera-
tion which is incomplete, but is certainly a
police operation and certainly international.
So maybe the problem is not exactly to set
up an international police force,. but to keep
this one, and its staff committees, from being
demobilized too soon.
Why give up this force after the war and its
proved ability , to function, only to ,meet in a
room somewhere and try to invent another 'in-
ternational police force, which effort will un-
doubtedly lead to a do-or-die political battle in
eighteen countries over clause twenty-one?
THE DUSTY ROAD
ARE WE not merely following the dusty path
of memory, when we assume, without argu-
ment, that' our fighting forces and their staffs
must be disbanded after the war, and some new
version cooked up? Why not continue the co-
operative administrative forms we are working
out now? Why must there be a full stop, a fail-
ing apart, a break, and then a new organiation?
Once peace comes, those soldiers who want to
go home can go home, and cadres of volunteer
professionals will undoubtedly be adequate for
the policing job. Our forces are now cooperating
with other nations in an unprecedented atmos-
phere of ease and informality; more than two
dozen countries are working together, daily,
without having felt the need to sit down around
a table and learn to hate each other. Why can-
not this ease, and informality, and flexibility
carry over into peace without the glum interlude
of a formal, full-scale conference until, some
day, the world is ready for one?
THEY KNOW EACH OTHER.
THE United Nations organization, loose as it
is, is geared for the easy admission of new
members, it knows its way around the sea-lanes
and air-paths of the world, its leading personal-
ities, military and civil, have met each other,
face to face, and have learned, by and large, to
get along.
By far the most satisfactory end to the war
in Europe would be for a genuine democratic
movement to arise in Germany, to give us a
beachhead, and then to apply for admission
in the United Nations as the Free Germans.
Nothing quite so clear, natural and satisfactory
could possibly emerge from any formal pence
conference, and I suggest that we are slipping
too casually into the fallacy that the minute
the war ends, we have to drop tested wartime
forms of organization, and adventure with
something new.
When the war ends, the United Nations will
be the only worldwide organization in existence
with a history and a record of successful experi-
ence back of it, and it ought to gontinue as is,
fruitfully formless, a living thing, not a legalism.
DON'T SHOOT THEWINNER
Wrm KNW R V nha a dffra. h

will be so until individuals aid
business concerns begin to lay aside
a far smaller proportion of their
incomes than they do now-but if
they should too suddenly alter their
habit of saving, Vahat would happe
to the capital - goods industre
which are the very ones booming
as a result of the war?
A WORLDWIDE developmientof
construction and industrial zas
tion, leading to increased prodUc-
tion and higher standards of living,
is the one hope of private enter-
prise. Without this, the crisis of the
1930's will return and be intensi-
fied. But leading exponents of, pri-
vate enterprise- have a deep-sea ti
impulse to commit suicide. The
never seem to see where their t'
mate best interests lie, and, fight
with might and main all those who
are trying to save them. When one
reads speeches like that of .
Witherow, one wonders whether
the long struggle to do so is wottha'.
while. If only so many innocent
sufferers would not be dragged -ito
the waves after them, It mitht be
better to let them jump into tie
sea.
Congressiona.
Labor .ttacks
Are Not True
By EDWIN A. LEAHY
(of The Chicago Daily News)
WASHINGTON-- The Gallup Poll
the other day reported that one of
the criticisms of the Roosevelt ad-
ministration was that it "coddled la-
bor. This phrase was- also widely
used in interpreting the results of the
Nov. 3 election. So it takes nio keen
prophet to say that the 78th Coigtes,
which convenes Jan. 4, will co tdict
an all-out assault upon organised
labor.
It is a demonstrable fact tbat te
motives of many of the oD eo
men who can be depended o4 t
view the labor m~vemat it
alarm are not entirely pur , a di
follows that truth and logic wil be
the first victims of the dbit. on
labor legislation in January.
The arguments of the antiliabor
congressmen will have three pfincinAl
threads.
1. The 40-hour week is an iniqui-
tous drag on war production.
2. Labor and its racketeering lead-
ers are roling in wealth, and are pro-
fiteering from .the'w-r.
3. Labor has hampered war rb-
duction through strikes.
HERES THE RECORD '4
1 ' not goingtoconvince yb
because this discussioti is 1USl
ruled by prejudice, but let's Jus t
a few recorded fats doWn right .riq,
before the rush starts and trut 1e
bleeding in the aisles of the ente
and the House.
THE FORTY-HOUR WEET. FirstA
there is no such thing. The Fair
Wages and Hours Act requires that
employers pay time and a half for
overtime after 40 hours.
The industrial North is organized.
The collective bargaining agreements
in force throughout the ind6tril
North all require overtime, so 'that
employers still would have to pay it
by the terms of their cntracts if the
Fair Wages and Hours Act were, re-
pealed. The drive against the "40-
hour week" comes from the South,
and is led by Senator W. Lee O'IanIel
of Texas.
If the Southerners, riding the
crest of the anti-labor wave, should
knock out the Fair Wages an
Heurs Act it would mean pmplY
that the unerganized sweatshopsof
the Scuth could legally avoid over-
time payments, and thu inre.ase
their competitive advantage .ver
the organized workshos Of tp
North.

WORKING OVER 40 HOURS
They would snatch this advantage
even though it destroyed industrial
stability in the rest cf the nation.
Most essential industries are working
their men more than 40 hours. a
week. Remove the Fair Wages and
Hours Act, and the Northern indus-
trialists, when their union contracts
expire, would with justice demand
that overtime penalties be eliminated,
to protect them against the South. To
do this would mean to cut wages, in a
period of rising living costs.
In September, the average work
week for all manufacturing industries
was 42.4 hours a week. In durable
goods the average was 44.6 hours, and
in nondurable goods 39.6 hours. In
the firearms industry the average was
49 hours, in machine tools 50.9 hours,
in textile machinery 49.4 hours, in
aircraft and parts, 47.3 hours.
LABOR IS ROLLING IN WEALTH.
Average hourly earnings in all manu-
facturing, September, 88.5 cents. Dur-
able goods (the war industries), 99.4
cents; nondurable. goods, 75 cents.
Average weekly wage, all manufac-

A STEP FORWARD:

Tolan-Pe
By BUD BRIMMER
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S step to
set up Paul V. McNutt's central-
ized control over the national man-
power, together with his establish-
ment of James F. Byrnes as the coun-
try's economic stabilizer, were both
excellent moves to eliminate patch-
work war production control.
But the merit involved in FDR's
sweeping orders should not blind
the public to the need for an even
greater centralization of our men
and resources.
More important than the creation
of the WMC or the Board of Eco-
nomic Stabilization is the fact that
they were moves in the direction of
the Tolan-Pepper Bill which proposes
an Office of War Mobilization with a
director appointed by the President
and with four constituent offices
that would cover the entire scope of
war production.
This bill which is now before Con-
gress proposes a reorganization of
government aimed at the mobilization
of the Nation's resources of materials
and men. Its purpose is described as
"to inventory and mobilize all eco-
nomic resources including, manpower
facilities, materials, technical and
scientific knowledge."
THE FOUR constituent offices
would be those of: 1) Production
and Supply, 2) Manpower supply,
3) Technological Mobilization, and
4) Economic Stabilization. The heads
of each of these divisions would be
appointed by or with the approval
of the President and together with
four representatives of labor, four of
industry, two of agriculture, and two.
public members would comprise the
Board, of War Mobilization. This
board would make all policies and
operational recommendations and the
individual members would be re-
quired to "sever all private business
connections."
The division of Production and
Supply would include the WPB, the
smaller War Plants Corporation,
all sub-divisions of the Army, Navy,
to join, and they are learning to
fight together and to live togther,

pper Bill
Maritime; Commission, Treasury,
the office of Lend-Lease, the Office
of the Petroleum Coordinator and
some divisions of the Department
of Commerce.
The War Manpower division would
remain asit is now, but the Techno-
logical Mobilization division would
combine the Office of Scientific Re-
search and Development, the Nation-
al Inventors' Council, the National
Advisory Committee on Aeronautics,
and some specialized personnel of the
Manpower Commission. The division
of Economic Stabilization would also
remain as it is, headed by Byrnes
with the War Labor Board, the Office
of Price Administration and several
like agencies under it.
The most important feature of
the Tolan-Pepper Bill is that it
weuld not scrap existing war bod-
ies, but would set up authority un-
der which existing machinery and
pelicies can be directed efficiently.
Although the manpower supply and
economic stabilization portions of the
bill have already been taken care of
by the President, we must not forget
that a lot of wrinkles in the govern-
ment's war program still need ironing.
Congressional committees have re-
ported only a few of them in mention-
ing the following:
1-A general survey of man and
woman power, resources and the de-
mands for the army and industry has
not yet made.
2-As yet there is no effective re-
gional manpower authority.
3-The sole authority to determine
deferment is not in the hands of
agencies informed of the country's
occupational requirements, but cen-
tered in civilians serving on local
draft boards.
4-Training of war workers has
been left to individual employers and
no organized Federal retraining pro-
gram or a planned transfer of workers
to areas where they are needed has
been set up.
When added to such factors as a
mounting cost of living, strained labor
relations, slowness in getting a cen-
tralized farm labor supply program
under way, lack of centralization of
transportation and facilities for

CONCESSION TO SECURITY:
International Government Appears Necessary
For Post-War World Of Peace And Prosp-rvity

MR. ELMER DAVIS, director of the OWI, ex-
pressed the view, which is developing
throughout the country these days, that an inter-'
national agency has become an imperative neces-
sity to keep the peace following the war and
that this agency would keep the peace "by force
if necessary."
The need for a peace plan of this type has
been echoed throughout the country, from the
highest government circles to small-town civic
clubs and has, since the African invasion,
reached large enough proportions for even
Congress to hear. As Mr. Davis said, we are
in danger of having the war end before we

dominated countries such as India .. . will it be
capable of change and have power to formulate
policy to meet the numerous controversies which
can threaten world security and peace? These
are some of the conditions which must be met
and it is very doubtful whether they can be met
without forming an organization which will re-
semble a world government pretty closely. This
does not necessarily mean the "Union Now"
type, but it does mean that we will have to sacri-
fice some of our rights to attain world security
and peace to the extent that these rights inter-
fere with the rights of others.
M. naiC P . n tothi,. iaf hn"-w+ iat-