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A 14 G
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Fifty-Third Year
Edited and managed by students of the University of
'Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.
Published every morning except Monday during the
regular 'University year, and every morning except Mon-
day and Tuesday during the summer session.
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the
use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
It or. otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights
of republication of all other matters herein also reserved.
Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as
second-class mail matter.
Subscriptions during the regular school year by carrier
$4.25, by mall $5.25.
Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1942-43
REPRESENTRD FOR NATIONAL ADVERTIJING BY
National Advertising Service, Inc.
College Publishers Representative
-420 MAoisoN A~vE. NEW YORK. N. Y.
CHICAGO - BOSTON LOS ANGELES 6 SAN FRANCISCO
Editorial Staff
And all the fish tMat he-could catch
-to the 6dbor
qj
!:.
Ys
.
.
Homer Swander
Morton Mintz .
Robert Mantho
George W. Sallad
Charles Thatcher
Bernard Hendel
Barbara dePIes
Myron Dann
. .
. . Managing Editor
. . Editorial Director
. . . City Editor
. . . Associate Editor
. . . Associate Editor
. . . Sports Editor
. .A .Women's Editor
* Associate Sports Editor
ness Stafff
* * Business Manager
Associate Business Manager
Women's Business Manager
Women's Advertising Manager
Publications Sales Analyst
Busin
Edward J. Perlberg
Fred M, Ginsberg
Mary Lou Curran
Jane Lindberg . . .
James Daniels . .
Telephone 23-24-1
NIGHT EDITOR: IRVING JAFFE
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
7 r "-". a Q-- 2- ~ 0942, Chicago Times, Inc.
Defense Of Kali1man
To the Editor:
T HIS is the second time I have been
moved to write a letter to the edi-
tor. Last ,year, I definitely objected
to the violent criticism of Mr. Szi-
gett's perfotmance. That letter was
never published, and although I was
rather disappointed at that time, I
realize now that there was some jus-
tification for not printing it.
It definitely is bad policy to "show-
er" employees with criticisms after
they have been hired. Naturally, ob-
jections to someone's column should
never be withheld by a newspaper,
but it isn't necessary to print three
replies to the 'music critic which in
essence all say the same thing. It
seems to me that the most represen-
tative one should have been chosen.
My knowledge of music isn't very
great; however, this is a subject
where no one opinion is absolutely
correct. I respect other people's opin'-
ions, but I feel that I am entitled to
mine also without having somebody
accuse ie of lacking perspective, bal-
ance and constructive criticism.
Chester Kallman is probably one
of the best music critics Michigan
has had during my time in school.
Mr. Kaillman has no fear of hurting
anyone's feelings when writing his
reviews. I certainly hope to have
the opportunity of meeting this
critic who resorts to logic and ne-
glects emotion in his analyses.
FTER the recent performance of
Shostakovich's Seventh Sympho-
ny, I had a discussion with at least.
five musicians in the orchestra who
agreed with Mr. Kallman and many
others that this piece wasn't real mu-
sic and that it was being used for
political purposes. They did not enjoy
playing it and advised the general
public to be honest in criticizing it
on a purely musical basis regardless
of political reasons which might be
involved. Mr. Kallman was that hon-
est and I respect him for his stand.
In his critcal review, he stated
that there were some good passages
in the work, and he also commented
on the Boston Symphony's excellent
performance of that work. I know
many people who think of Sibelius
and Tschaikowsky as second rate
composers, yet, they are not con-
tinually attacked for their beliefs.
As I said before, anyone can,, have.
his opinion of a musical work.
Artur Schnabel probably gave the
best concert so far this year as far
as interpretation and perfection are
concerned. Mr. Kallman paid more
than adequate tribute to this piano:
performance; however, I failed to see
any letter to the editor the next
morning expressing praise. Must peo-
ple always be condemned and never
commended for their actions?
ALBERT SPALDING never gave the
audience a chance to leave Hill
Auditorium because he re-entered so
rapidly after each encore that people
could not reach the aisles. I for one
agreed with the music critic in se-
verely criticizing a performance defi-
nitely lacking technique as well as
interpretation. A critic's job is a
thankless one. He tries to do the best
of his ability, knowing that he won't
satisfy everyone. Won't the people at
Michigan ever give him a break?
It wasn't my intention to bring
up old issues. I merely wanted to
point out that to at least one person
on this campus, Chester Kallman's
reviews are an accurate evaluation
of the performances.
--Warner Heineman, '43
More On Kallman
To the Editor:'
WISH readers of The Daily would
remember that the function of a
music critic is not to echo the judg-
ments of supposedly wiser men but to
express his own sincere opinion. The
mere fact that Dr. Koussevitzky and
the Messrs. Warner, "E. Z.," and
Bentley disagree with Chester Kall-
man does not render him an inane,
juvenile, immature fool.
I, for one, admire Dr. 'Kousse-
vitzky's powers as an interpreter of
modern music; but I cannot agree
with his assertion that "the aes-
thetics of Shostakovich may be
compared with those of Beetho-
ven." Mr. Kaliman's analogy be-
tween the "Leningrad Symphony"
and Ravel's "Bolero," I think, is
exceedingly apt; it is exactly the
one that occurred to me Wednesday
evening. Both compositions use
highly effective orchestration to
work up a rhythmic theme into an
overwhelming climax. The differ-
ence between such music and that
of Beethoven is, that Beethoven lets
dynamic power grow out of the
musical development, whereas Ra-
vel and Shostakovich substitute dy-
namic power for a lack of musical
development.
"E. Z." mentions the enthusiastic
reception of Shostakovich's Sympho-
ny Wednesday night, apparently as1
an argument for the musical merit of
the composition. If I remember cor-
rectly, Ravel's "Bolero" was a sensa-
tional success at its early performan-
ces; but few sane critics now consider
that composition a musical master-
piece, perhaps because it has not had
the good fortune to be linked with
momentous historical and ideological
ideas.
OF COURSE, all of the foregoing is
somewhat beside the point. I en-
joyed the Seventh Symphony im-
mensely on first hearing, and even
my second hearing was a great pleas-
ure, primarily because of Dr. Kousse-
vitzky's masterful conducting. Per-
haps we should not judge every new'
composition against Beethoven, any,
more than we measure each new
novel against Tolstoi. Anyone who is
willing temporarily to forego a dis-
passionate appraisal of what he hears
is certain to be well entertained by
Shostakovich's music. But when one
sets himself up as a music critic, he
must confine hliself to the music
alone, and must not allow his judg-
ment to be swayed by the program-
matic implications of the work.
Mr. Kallman's defect as 'a. nmu.lc
critic, I think, is not aniy lack 'of
musicianship, but a failure to pre-
sent his opinions reasot ftlY. If he
would state his case logically, tol-
erantly, and with evidence, instead
of resorting to sarcasm and high-
sounding but meaningless words, he
would be more likely to win our re-
spect and approval.
--Robert Lawrence Taylor
* * *
To the Editor:
Y NAME does not appear on the
subscription list of The IDaily,
but I read The Daily quite often. This
letter is to call to your attention
something which I hope was an over-
sight. I am referring to the December
8th issue, which carried on page four,
column two, an editorial by Torque-
mada, "An Axe to Grind," and an
article on page six, column one,
"Troutman to Give Talk, on Negro
Culture." In both of these articles the
word Negro was printed "negro," with
a small "n." Not only is this gram-
matically incorrect, -but it is also an
insult to the Negro. The liberal dailies
of the South have dropped such a
practice, and I am sure that the edi-
tor of the best student pilblication in
the United States will not continue
a practice that is humiliating and
insulting to a small section. of the
student body of the University.
-Ernest E. Neal
(Editor's Note: For its proofreading
error, The Daily apologizes.)
DAILY OFFICIAL
ninuLET N
(Continued froth Page 3)
_.
.
YOUR SHARE:
Army-Bound Students
Should Plan to Return
EAN E. A. WALTER struck a dispelling blow
at the unhealthy cloud of pessimism in the
minds of college men in the first Freshman Re-
orientation lecture Thursday.
"I am impatient with the student who upon
withdrawing from the University dolefully ex-
claims that he will not return after the war,"
said Dean Walter.
The Dean was speaking to a group of fresh-
men, but his words apply to every student about
to be called or having already been called to the
armed forces.
This prevalent pessimism seems entirely un-
founded. Freshmen leaving school will only have
had a taste of college and should have every in-
tention of returning to school. Upperclassmen,
called from school short of graduation, should
have even more incentive to return. Government
plans are even under way for subsidizing return-
ing students to at least a year of education fol-
lowing the war.
IF we are going to fight for the right to have
liberal education in the United States and
in the world it is utterly foolish to abandon
that for which we fight, and fail to return to
school.
Departing students should heed the advice of
Dean Walter. "Take a book with you to the
Army," and "Come back and claim your share."
- John Erlewine
NOT ENOUGH:
Demand Still Great for
Negro Health Facilities
ECONOMIC and political discrimination against
Negroes is a problem which has received rela-
tively thorough public airing, but very little pub-
lic mention has ever been made about a sore
spot of much more immediate importance.
Though health facilities for Negroes have im-
proved recently to a greater extent than any
other group in America, their lot is still deplor-
able.
The Julius Rosenwald Fund reports that
there are only 10,000 hospital beds for Negroes
in the country for a population of 13,000,000.
In some areas the ratio of hospital beds to
population is as low as 75 to a million. And
of the 110 Negro hospitals, merely 25 are regis-
tered with the American Medical Association.
Facilities for training Negro doctors have im-
proved considerably, but there is still much room
for further improvement. Negro physicians in
America still number only 4,000.
CONCRETE EVIDENCE for the need of better,
facilitiesis furnished by comparing the white
and Negro death rates. The Negro rate for the
nation is 32% above the rate for whites.
The need for alleviating our racial problem in
the realm of social and political opportunity is
clearly great, but such reforms are meaningless
unless Negroes are given the chance to care for
their physical well-being. - Irving Jaffe
CREATE DISUNITY:,
Mont omery Ward's Advertisements Distort
The Truth, Seriously Hamper Our War Effort
DREW t
PEARSON'Se
MERRY-GO-ROUND
WASHINGTON-If there ever was a govern-
mental case of the old lady who couldn't get her
pig over the sty, it is the sad, inside story of the
run-around given the building of barges to carry
oil to the Atlantic seaboard.
While New England states have been warned
that people may freeze, the buck-passing game
over oil barges has continued. Each govern-
ment department has a different excuse. The
War Production Board says its job is merely'
to pass on critical materials for the barges.
The Office of Defense Transportation says its
job is only to certify the need for barges. Jesse
Jones' RFC says its job is only to finance the
barges. The Office of Petroleum Coordinator
says its job is to determine the amounts of oil
needed. And so on.
As early as last spring, Senators Pepper of
Florida, Brewster of Maine plus other Congres-
sional leaders began to put the heat on these
agencies. Pepper called a meeting -of the Mari-
time Commission,, Defense Plant Corp, WPB,
ODT, Inland Barge Corp., and vaious others.
The plan was to - bring oil-laden barges from
Texas by canal to Florida, then across Florida
by rail, then up the coastal waterway to Tren-
ton, N. J.
For years Congress has been appropriating
noney to dig and keep up the inter-coastal water-
ways. Millions have been spent on them. They
extend all the way from Corpus Christi to New
Jersey. For years they were considered mere
pork barrel ventures. But now Senators argue
that finally the time has come when they can be
put to vital use.
No Diesel Engines
The first snag, however, was lack of steel to
build barges. Then it was proposed to build
wooden barges, which can carry heavy oil with-
out much leakage. So a plan for 500 wooden
barges was worked out and submitted to the
WPB in July-but another obstacle developed.
This was Diesel engines. There were not
enough for the Army's or Navy's landing boats,
let alone for civilian use.
At this point Florida auto dealers proposed
powering the barges with large outboard ino-
tors already manufactured. Chrysler said it
had the motors available and Senator Pepper
put it up to the ODT, the OPC and Inland
Waterways, but they wouldn't even send rep-
resentatives to Detroit for a test.
However, Col. Harry B. Vaughn, District Army
Engineer in Philadelphia, had seen the motors
tested and recommended them. But weeks
dragged by and nothing happened. One excuse
was that the outboard motors, when placed on
barges, were not protected from the weather, and'
that the crew also lacked protection.
Finally, however, three motors are being placed
on a wooden barge, with a small house built over
them, and it is barely possible that with prayers
and Congressional push a few of these barges
may begin carrying oil through the coastal
waterways sometime this winter.
(Copyright, 1942, United Features Syndicate)
Ward's staff know well the distinction between'
maintenance of membership and a closed shop.y
These men know that the WLB had the power
SAMUEL GRAFTON'S
I'!Rather Bfe Right
FREEDOM of speech is no excuse for willful
distortions of the truth whose intent is to
discredit the government, and whose effect is
to hamper our war effort.
Montgomery Ward's recently published in pa-
pers throughout the country advertisements en-
titled "Montgomery Ward's Second Statement to
the National War Labor Board." The advertise-
ments purported to be an explanation of the
company's objections to a War Labor Board de-
cision, the reasons for its defiance of the WLB,
and its final acceptance of President Roosevelt's
order that it abide by the WLB decision.
Actually the advertisement distorted the
meaning of the decision, and was an attempt
by the company to throw a disturbing shadow
of doubt upon the government's war labor poli-
cy, killing two birds with one stone by dis-
crediting the administration and labor.
In summarizing the WLB order, Ward's re-
peatedly refers to maintenance of membership,
the type of union security granted by WLB, as a
form of the closed shop. But the theories behind
the two kinds of union security are entirely dif-
ferent, just as the contracts and functions of the
two forms are different.
WHEN a closed shop is in operation, every per-
son working in the factory and every person
who wants to get a job -in the factory must be a
union member. The closed shop therefore can be
criticized because it interferes with a person's
right to work without joining the established
labor organization.
But when a maintenance of membership clause
is granted, a worker need not be a member of the
recognized union to keep his position in the
plant, nor need he join the union to get a job.
disparage labor's valid attempts to maintain
security.
WARD'S speaks of a clause providing for com-
pulsory arbitration on any question the union
chooses to raise. The clause actually provides for
compulsory arbitration on any grievance either
the union or the company chooses to raise, pro-
vided the question is a valid one under the terms
of the WLB order. Furthermore, the arbitration
will only be used if all previous attempts at medi-
ation and discussion have failed.
Ward's claims that the WLB has no legal
sanction to impose the agreement upon them-
there is a definite legal sanction springing
from the President's war powers guaranteed by
the Constitution which Ward's so appealingly
invokes in the later part of their statement.
There is no direct constitutional provision for
price control, or wage control, or any of the
ether devices necessary to gear our productive
system for war--these last spring from the
President's war powers.
Ward's objects that the War Labor Board
was set up by an industry-labor conference
whose recommendation they did not ratify.
The machinery set up as a result of this mu-
tual agreement has worked exceptionally well
so far. To say that such machinery is not valid
in Ward's case because Ward's did not pass on
it, is to say that Roosevelt is not President for
Ward's because Sewell Avery did not vote for
him.
There seems to be no point to the whole adver-
tising campaign employed by Ward's in this case,
an advertising campaign which undoubtedly cost
thousands of dollars. Ward's knew that the Presi-
dent would support the WLB decision, since the
WLB is merely an arm of the President. Ward's
NEW YORK- The first and sim-
plest war aim is to promise the peo-
ple of the fascist countries that we
shall rid-them of their fascist lead-
ers. Why do we overlook this clear-
est war aim of them all?
A quart of milk a day is good, but
no fascism is better.
We ask the people of Europe to
rise, but in the absence of a. pledge
to remove the top fascists forever,
revolution becomes doubly unsafe.
The pledge to put top fascists on
trial for murder and arson is not
enough. Suppose there is a hung
jury, and they are acquitted? What
happens then, on some dark night,
in some little town of Germany, to
some little democratic revolution-
ary?
THERE ARE MANY TOWNS
W ILL we check each town care-
fully, and if we do, for how
many years will we do it?
The Atlantic Charter is a pledge
to install the four freedoms. But it
suffers from an old fault of politi-
cal promissory notes; it promises
too much, too vaguely. The smaller,
narrower promise to destroy fascist
organizations, and then let the peo-
ple install four freedoms, or five, or
six, if they like, would carry more
conviction.
The great danger is not that we
will deliver a pint of milk a day
instead of a quart, but that we will
leave , Darlans all over Europe in-
stead of democrats.
The specific pledge to destroy
two specific organizations, the Na-
tional Socialist Party of Germany
and the Fascist Party of Italy, and
to remove from power even their
more respectable adherents, from,
say, Dr. Schacht in Germany, to
Italy's miserable, unheroic king,
would be worth more than a year
way for Europe to shorten the war
is to dispose of these named men
itself, before we come.
We need to make it clear to the
people of Europe that they are be-
ing used as a living wall of flesh to
protect these men; that without
these several thousands of men
there would be no war; that their
enemy is within.
This war is full of baffling sim-
plicities, but the simplest of them
all has not yet been authofitative-
ly stated; that the war against
fascism is a war against fascism,
We shall not separate the people
of Europe from their leaders, in
fact, unless we first do it in our
own minds, and we shall not do it
in our own minds unless we issue.
a general, irrevocable order of
shoot-on-sight against all conse-
quential fascists, an order good
through war and peace, and execut-
able by anybody.
WHAT MORE CAN THEY DO?
WHAT on earth do these animals
have to do to us, beyond stab-
bing us in the back, messing up the
lives of our kids, and costing us one
hundred billion dollars a year, be-
fore we come out of the fog suf-
ficiently to say that every conse-
auential member of this apparatus
is through, finished, done for, and
sunk off the stage of history?
If this administration wants to
tie the hands of any future admin-
istration against making a bad
peace, it need only issue a general
proscription against all important
fascists. The price this administra-
tion must pay for tying the hands
of future administrations is to tie
its own hands against further ad-
ventures in darlanism.
It is no safer for this administra-
tion to reserve the privilege of
making a mistake, than for any
i
i
i
Rev. Alfred Scheips, "Advent Antici-
pations."
The Ann Arbor Friends Meeting
(Quakers) will meet for worship Sun-
day afternoon at 5:00 in Lane Hil.
A discussion of Inter-American agen-
cies of cooperatioh will follow at 6:00
p.m.
The First Baptist Church:
10:00 a.m.: The Roger William
Class will study Colossians and Phile-
mon, meeting at the Guild House,
502 E. Huron St.
The Graduate Class will meet, in
the Church to discuss "What Can We
Believe About Salvation and Heav-
en?"
11:00 a.m.: A Service of Christ-
mas Music.
2:30 p.m.: ?embers of the Guild
and their friends will meet -at.ithe
Guild House to attend the Messiah
together...,
6:00 p.m.: There will bei supper
at the Guild House for Baptist stu-
dents and their friends.
7:00 p.m.: Roget Williams Gild
evening meeting:
St. Andrew's Episcopal Chwjrh:
8:00 a.m. Holy Communion; 1';0O
a.m. High School Class, Tatlocc Ull;
11:00 a.m. Junior Church; 11:60 a.m.
Morning Prayer and Sermon by the
Rev.- Henry Lewis, D.D; 4:00 p.hi
H-Square Club, Page Hall; 6:00_ pmn.
Choral Evensong, music by Canter-
bury Choral Group; 7:00 p.m. Gan-
terbury Club, Harris Hall. Chrst-
mas Supper and Carol Sing with pe-
cial music by Canter bury Choral-
Group.
First Presbyterian Church:
University Student Bible. Stdy
Class under the direction of Mr. Ma-
Ian and Mr. Lampe at 9:30 a.p .
Morning Worship-10:45. "An In-
credible Star"-subject of sermon by
r.- J. Harry Cotton, president of
McCormick Theological Seninary of
Chicago.
Westmin4ster Student hu ti: ;pe
cial supper in honor of $r. Cotton,
the evening speaker, whose topic igll
be "Christianity and the World Cri-
sis."
First Church of Christ, Scientist:
Sunday mornin'g service at 130.
Subject: "God the Preserver of
Man.,,
Free public Reading Room at 106
E. Washington St., open every, day
except Sundays and holidays from
11:30 a.m. until 5:00 p.m., Saturdays
until 9:00 p.m.
Zion Lutheran Churc)i services will
be held 10:30 a.m. Sunday with the
Rev. Elmer Christiansen preaching
on "My Bible and I."
Trinity Lutheran Church will hold
its services at 10:30 a.m. with the
Rev. Henry 0. Yoder speakin on
"Be Faithful Stewards.'
r