THE MICHIGAN DAILY
SUNDAY, NOV. 1, 1942
Fifty-Third Year
dited and ranaged by students of the University of
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ember Associated Collegiate "Press, 1942-43
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STOP LABOR SHORTAGE:
U.S. Manpower
Act,
v
i
mer Swander *.
rton Mintz
11 Sapp
orge W. Sallade .
arles Thatcher
rnard Hendel
rbara deFries
ron Dann
ward J. Perlberg
ed M. Ginsberg
iry Lou Curran
ae Lindberg..
mes Daniels .
Managing Editor
Editorial Director
- - . . . City Editor
. . Associate Editor
Associate Editor
* . . Sports Editor
Women's Editor
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iness Staff1
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NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT MANTIO
Editorials published in The Michigan Daily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
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By LEON GORDENKER
AS the production lines move faster
and the Army continues expand-
ing, the supply of manpower grows
smaller.j
But America is still limping along
with a voluntary manpower alloca-
tion program and a powerless War
Manpower Commission directed by
none-too-able Paul V. McNutt.
Meanwhile, our reservoir of man-
power-never infinite-is shrinking
as ever increasing numbers of men
between 18 and 45 go into the Army
which will reach a peak of 7,500,000.
Add to this the Marine Corps and
Navy enlistments and ' the total is
9,000,000 men in the service-9,000,-
000 fewer producing men than in
peacetime.
After the Army.and the Navy filter
off their men, the entire male work-
ing force will be left at 34,000,000.
This is simply too small to run Amer-
ican war industry and government
even with slashes in civilian produc-
tion.
Women must take over the jobs.
The number of women in industry
this year is estimated at 3,500,000
and another 2,800,000 must be em-
ployed next year to replace the ab-
sent men. And farm labor is con-
tinually leaving for the factories
and next year at least another
1,000,000 will have gone to the city.
There is a "no-piracy" rule to stop
cohnpetition for labor. Factory hands
are supposed to be kept on one job
and not leave for higher wages at an-
othere plant unless they are in non-
essential industry. But this has not
stopped the bootlegging of labor.
Wages are being raised in an effort
to get labor and the farms are being.
raided for their able bodied men.
PAUL McNUTT said of the situa-
tion: "Turn-over in West Coast
war plants has reached fantastic
heights. Labor piracy is rife in Buf-
falo and Detroit. Squeezing the last
employable person in the area mnto
employment is a crucial problem in
Connecticut."
The solution is in over-all con-
trol of jobs and labor without re-
gard for political pressures. Man-
power problems are becoming much
too critical to leave them any long-
er in the hands of volunteered in-
competency and impotence.
President Roosevelt spoke of ra-
tioning workers in his Columbus Day
speech andon the following day he
told his press conference that the
volunteer manpower program was not
working. About a week later Paul
McNutt, always politically expedient,
liolilnie' Says
announced that his office was draft-
ing a National Service Bill.
The National Service Bill would re-
quire employers to hire their labor
from an employment pool, grant au-
thority to control labor utilization
Sam el Grafton's
I'd Rather;
Be Right
FOR OUR EARS:
Axis prepares Winter
Peace Rumor Series
QNCE AGAIN the Axis rumor "factories" are
working overtime preparing their fall and
inter line of peace rumors. Unconfirmed reports
and those emanating from "usually reliable sour-
ces" are starting to pour from the German con-
roled and German dominated capitals of Europe.
All of these reports have the same theme, that
the Axis and its allies are on the brink of surren-
der. Dr. Goebbels would have us believe, that
Finland is about to make a separate peace, that
the discontent of the Italian people has grown
to almost revolutionary proportions, that the
German army is about to cease operations and
retire into warmer winter quarters.
THE PURPOSE of this type of propaganda is
not to make peace overtures, but rather to
make the people of the United Nations so soft
and overconfident that not only will German vic-
tories be easier to achieve, but also that each one
will appear twice as great as it actually is. Thus
while the Nazi radio announced the intention of
iving up the attack on Stalingrad, the German
igh Command'continued to hit with the same
if not greater ferocity. However, both the Ameri-
aan press and radio and also the majority of our
people celebrated a victory yet to be achieved.
- Monroe Fink
NEW FQRCE:
Strengthen Democracy
By Lower Voting Age
ENATOR VANDENBERG'S proposed amend-
ment to -lower the voting age to 18 makes a
ot of sense. When youths justout of high school
ire asked to, go out and fight for their country,
earn their living or educate themselves on a uni-
rersity campus, it seems right that they should
iave a voice in the government that controls
heir lives.
However, many people believe that teen-agers
re not mature enough to vote. They think of an
.8-year-old as an irresponsible kid who will
nerely reflect the opinions of their elders at the
allot box and vote without looking thoroughly
nto- the issues involved.
But let's look at it another way. Let's consider
he problem from the standpoint of the average
8-year-old man. He has just graduated from
igh school and feels that he has had a pretty
air grounding in the essentials of the democratic
rocess. He knows how to vote and probably has
one definite opinions on the men he would like
o see in office. He is all set to go out and shoulder
gun or adapt himself to an environment that
svastly different from his home life.
He has the right to fight, the right to earn
his living, the right to ge married, the right to
drive a car, the right to pay taxes, but not the
right to vote. Vandenberg's amendment would
give him that right.
To those who say the younger generation would
ot exercise this right intelligently, it can be
onted out that most 18-year-olds who would
%ke the trouble'to vote-have had the advantage
f a high school education and that they would
e largely free from any prejudice obtained after
eing out in the business or social world for any
ngth of time. If anything, there would be less
a tendency toward straight ticket voting. The
ercentage of conscientious voting among teen-
EVER FUSSING:
Farm Bloc Threatens
Revolt Against Byrnes
THE FARM BLOC boys-that small, stubborn
group of farm-state senators-are at it again.
This time they threaten "complete revolt" against
James F. Byrnes and his Office of Economic Sta-
bilization, the much-needed anti-inflation agen-
cy established four weeks ago by Congress.
Again farm-senators seek higher prices on agri-
cultural commodities such as flour, sugar, pota-
toes and pork. They demand that Byrnes recon-
cile establishment of price maximums on farm
products with a"clear" provision ofthe Stabili-
zation Act calling for a parity price or a price
equal to the highest peak reached by the pzoduc-
tion befween Jan. 1, and Sept. 15, whichever is
higher.
THEY also scorhii gly characterize Byrnes as
a "man who has gone down the line with the
Preident and made himself much the same type
of person Leon Henderson is."
Of course, this latest action of the farm-bloc
brings to mind, how three weeks ago they held
up passage of the overdue and urgent anti-infla-
tion measure by insisting upon parity prices be-
tween Jan. 1 and Sept. 15. This was done despite
presidential insistence upon parity prices of an
earlier, less-inflationary period.
But, this threat of deliberate revolt by price-
grabbing politicians should bring more to mind,
especially today when American family circles
tighten their collective belts more in the prospect
of drastic rationing and the stiffest tax bill yet.
Not only is it apparent that these electin-wor-
red politicos are attempting to get more from the
Washington grab-bag in order to salve their
constituents who will go to the polls in a little
more than two weeks, but the fact of their being
out of step with a nation trying to keep prices
down is obvious.
Moreover, even their "revolution" threat is ex-
ceedingly nauseous, especially when national
unity and cooperation is demanded now more
than ever. Today America's confidence in Con-
gressional efficiency and our faith in the all-out-
for-the-war-effort spirit of our legislators totters
with each rumor we hear aout graft-hungry
politicians, profit-minded dollar-a-year men, and
the general disunity and chaos that has overcome
Wasington. Surely this is not the time for a farm
minority to heave wrenches into the cogs of anti-
inflationary machinery. By their action they
only increase the public impression of Congress'
lack of wisdom and sagacity!
- Bud Brimmer
SMALL WORDS:
Browns Cause Helped
By Ferguson's Actions
TWO of the finest arguments for the reelection
of Senator Prentiss M. Brown have issued,
not from his own campaign headquarters, but
Nom the mouth of his Republican opponent.
Judge HomerFerguson, in his public appear-
ances, has given utterance to sentiments which
show him to be of a stature already too common
in Congress, and which, moreover, give promise
of an arbitrary and dangerous obstruction of
necessary war measures in the event of his elec-
tion.
The pettish name-calling with which he an-
swered Brown's arguments in the now famous
radio debate of last week indicates not only
an annoying small-mindedness but a complete
DREW
PEARSON'S cll
MERRY-GO-ROUND
WASHINGTON- Unfortunate, inside fact re-
garding our grandiose plans to get rubber from
the Amazon Valley is that we aren't going to get
any more than a driblet this year. About 4,000
tons have been produced, against an expectation
of around 50,000 tons.
Part of this failure is due to the jealous tug-
of-war between Jesse Jones and the Board of
Economic Warfare. Jones' Rubber Reserve at
first delayed doing anything about Brazilian
rubber. Later the BEW stepped in.
This situation, bad as it may be, is insignifi-
cant compared with the handicaps of nature. For
in the jungles of the Amazon, nature has erected
the most difficult barriers conceivable to protect
her rubber.
Here is the tragic, inside story of what has
happened.
First, the BEWI, working in cooperation with
Jesse Jones' Rubber Reserve, offered a higher
wage to rubber workers, with the result that they
flocked to the jungle. But this took men away
from the lesser paid work of farming and wood-
cutting, so that river steamers lacked wood fuel,
and the jungle settlements lacked food.
Starves in Jungles
The result was that a great many men actually
died of starvation in the jungles. A few had been
given shotguns, but ammunition was so scanty
tha~t they were scarcely able to shoot monkeys.
Later the people in the towns from which the
rubber workers were recruited heard that their
friends and relatives starved to death. Now these
towns won't send any more workers.
One factor contributing to the tragic situation
was that a ship bringing food, firearms and more
equipment to the Amazon, was sunk by a Nazi
submarine.
Also it takes a tremendous number of tin cups
to collect rubber. A cup is tied to each tree, and
catches the rubber as it slowly oozes from the
trunk. About 15,000,000 cups are necessary for
one area alone.h t
However, the chief shipment of tin cups got
held up on the dock in southern Brazil, missed
the boat, then were further delayed by submarine
warfare, and now have missed the current rub-
ber season. So they will have to wait for the next
season.
Hitler's New Order
Here is an authentic account from Dutch Gov-
ernment sources, of what happened to Hollanders
who were caught in the act of printing an anti-
Nazi publication in The Netherlands.
One victim was forced to place his feet in a
tub of water, which was brought slowly to the
boiling point. Another patriot, who had been ar-
rested in mid-winter, was compelled to undress
and was placed upon a chair in the open court-
yard of the prison, surrounded by warmly dressed
Gestapo men,. who questioned him as long as he
could stand it.
(Copyright, 1942, United Features Syndicate)
Republican obstructionism shall not perish from
the earth.
Judge Ferguson's efforts to drag the defunct
and evil-smelling issue of Regimentation into
the campaign melee are amusing in the light
of recent charges that the Administration lacks
firmness and vigor in imposing necessary war
THE contributions to religion from
social science and psychology are
many. The primary °one is the per-
sonality trinciple. This more valid
and enlightened idea about the in-
dividual, how he lives and associates,
has provided for the church-an ar-
ray of facts to displace the, more
speculative claims which have been
generally accepted.
The personality at birth with its
body-mind potentialities, has great
promise. Its ability of interaction
with the material force of the world,
as well as with 'the social factors
define anew those basic relations
formerly addressed in history and
literature as breath or soul. Over
and above all this, the infant has a
measure of selectivity in deciding
his reactions to situations, thus pro-
viding uniqueness in conduct and an
individual reaction to accrued or in-
stitutional values. Not until the
Church, adopts these data at their
face value in our world and incor-
porates them as part of its religious
education willafaith function effec-
tively in our common life.
The spiritual significance of all
this is far-reaching. The meaning
of personal existence, the claims
of the universe upon the indi-
vidual, the effect of the imponr
derables of birth, death, disease,
faith, love and hate are stupen-
dous. The old religion returns in
a new dress.
Not only is this an addition to
knowledge, but human relation and
divine accountability have been im-
mensely increased. The fact that
every group act leaves its mark on
a person as a" scar or an enrichment
gives fresh meaning to society and
a sense of worth to the individual.
Also, the correlative fact that each
thought or wish or decision or prayer
by a person changes the tone and
sufficiency of the group, is a power-
ful incentive to human will. The
human personality is the reason for
this sensitivity for he is the supreme
entity of worth in the vast network
of social reality.
Only when one accepts these facts,
comes into en rapport with his world,
as it were, and becomes a part of na-
ture but proudly asserts a creative
and responsible place in it, can a
man say with Henry Bergson, "Every
voluntary act in which there is free-
rlnm n~nl'- m nmm~r. of a" nr .a
NEW YORK-The cold rains
come for those who earn them. The
people of Stalingrad had to stop
Nazi tanks with blood for sixty
days, before water fell to help
them. One thing leads to another.
But that is a hard lesson to learn
and we of the West have not
learned it.
We prefer to be able to see our
way clear through to the end of a
campaign before we start it. It is
an unreasonable desire. It is, also,
smug. The wish sets us up in busi-
ness, not as experts, but as fortune-
tellers. It asserts our ability, some-
time, in 1943 or 1944, to be able to
foretell every twist and turn in a
battle. Then we will start the bat-
tle. Next year, perhaps. I do not
know what is going to happen in
1943. But I think 1943 is a mirage.
It seems like a clear, sensible sort
of year now, only because this is
1942. When 1943 finally comes
along it will appear quite as unclear
as does today.
One thing leads to another. All
that war requires of us is that we
do 4he one thing which can lead
to another. Who can say what a
diversion in Norway, or France,
or Spain, or Italy would do? But
we do know that it would make a
new situation. In that new situa-
tion it might be possible to do
something else. Wars are never
won because of anybody's plan.
They are won because someone
takes advantage of an opportun--
ity -which arises during action.
But the cold rains never help
generals who keep their forces in
quarters.
It would be raining now on a
German Stalingrad if the Rus-
sians had not fought when it was
dry.
Do you remember Tolstoy's giant
laughter when he tells how Napol-
eon fought furiously to get to Mos-
cow, fought furiously for the policy
which defeated him, by stretching
his lines until they snapped? Tol-
stoy laughs, too, when he tells how
the Russians fought with equal
fury to stop Napoleon's advance;
the Russian tried bitterly to keep
Napoleon from making the mistake
which saved Russia. The generals
on both sides planned it that way.
Their plans would have been more
sensible if they had been inter-
changed.
Russia won, says Tolstoy, not
because of anybody's plan, but
because in the thousands of little
developments which add up to
make a war, the spirit of the
humble Russian soldier turned
out, accidentally, to be the deci-
sive factor.
Tolstoy goes very far. He says no
general's plan ever won a cam-
paign. That can't be true. Stone-
wall Jackson probably did catch
General Banks in 1862, as Douglas
Southall Freeman saYs in Lee's
Lieutenants," by at tacking. him
near Winchester on the only day
on which an attack could have suc-
ceeded. Jackson was a planner.
But he was also a fighter. Free-
man quotes a contemporary com-
ment: "In advance, his trains were
left far behind. In retreat, he would
fight for a wheelbarrow." In the
fight for the wheelbarrow, the cold
rains might come, or the only day,
or something equally useful.
The experts have to say where
we shall make our diversion.
That is indisputable. No one else
can do it. But are the experts
prepared to say that now, two
years and four months after
Dunkerque, two years and five
months after the start of our
munitions program, no diversion
of any kind is possible? That is
what the question has beeome, a
question Tolstoy would have
loved.
One thing leads to another. Even
the chance we now have to make
a second front is based on acci-
dents. We have a chance to make a
second front only because the Brit-
ish defended themselves so desper-
ately and well in 1940, and because
Hitler miscalculated ,the strength
of Russia. We did not plan this
chance for a second front. We
found it, on the road. It is smug
to say we must now see the whole
length of the road that remains be-
fore we cal move along it another
foot.
Our experts can be experts;
but no more than that; not
soothsayers. We are now helped
by the rising revolt in France.
and freeze workers at their jobs. It is
extremely necessary that this bill
pass quickly to expedite the solution
of the manpower problems.
Good as the bill is, it fails to de-
fine the agency of control satisfac-
torily. The present Manpower Com-
mission is designed to report to the
President who is too busy to take all
the decisions himself. The new Man-
power Administration should work
under the Office of Economic Stabil-
ization. Paul McNutt, a handsome,
popular politician but no administra-
tor, should be replaced as director by
a man with Leon Henderson's under-
standing and forcefulness.
IMPLICIT in the bill is a need to
coordinate the various branches
of the armed service with the labor
draft. The first action which must
be taken is the discontinuation of en
listments in the services. This must
be quickly followed by a census of
skilled workers and an order keeping
this highly necessary group of men
from being drafted or enlisted.
Army enlistments should be closed
permanently except for the Air Pore,
and Selective Service must be con
pletely informed of manpower needs
and instructed by executive orler not
to draft necessary men in necessary
industry. This action is partially in
operation already and extension of it
will be easy. Navy enlistments may
be reopened to men not necessary to
war industries.
Too many men are still employed
in non-war jobs. This year 25,100,-
000 men are working in civilian
'production. Next year the amount
must be trimmed to 19,200,000. An
estimate by the WMC's chief plan-
ner, Dr. William R. Haber, indi-
cates that in all 5,000,000 people
must leave their jobs for others.,
The War Production Board should
be consulted about making changes
in production so that more of these
civilian producers may be released for
essential production and farm work.
Many more men could be-released by
eliminating luxury and peacetime
work.
Throughout this whole process, the
War Labor Board should adjust
wages to keep parity within industries
so that labor pirating can be com-
pletely stopped. But unnecessary
wage raises should be avoided so that
inflation can be controlled.
There must be close cooperation
with housing authorities so that mi-
grating workers will not go to areas
where there is no housing. Much
closer check on this migration is nee-
essary.
WE CAN no longer waste our scarce
manpower. Complete control for
total war is necessary and the first
step will be the passage of a sound
National Service Act. Then alloca-
tion must begin quickly, for there is
not much time.
DAILY OFFICIAL
(Continued from Page 3)
-follows the' 6 o'clock luncheon and
fellowship hour.
First Church of Christ, Scientist:
Sunday morning service at 10:30.
Subject: "Everlasting Punishment."
Sunday School at 11-45 a. m. Free
public Reading Room at 106 E. Wash-
ington St., open every day except
Sundays and holidays,- from 11:30
a. m. until 5:00 p. in., Saturdays until
9:00 p. m.
St. Andrew's Episcopal Church-
8:00 a. m. Holy Communion; 10:00
a. m. High School Class, Tatlock Hall;
11:00 a. m. Junior Church: 11:00 a.m.
Holy Communion and Sermon by the
Rev. Henry Lewis, D.D.; 6:45 p. m.
Freshman Discussion Group, Harris
Hall; 7:00-9:00 p. m. H-Square Club
Hallowe'en Party, Page Hall; 7:30
p. m. Canterbury Club for Episcopal
Students, Harris Hall. Meeting fol-
lowed by Compline and Choral Group.
First Congregational Church: At
morning worship, Dr. L. A. Parr's sub-
ject will be "Our Lamps Are Going
Out." Ariston League, 5:15. p. m. PrO-
fessor A. K. Stevens will present a
discussion on, "How Shall We Think
of God?" Student Fellowship, 6:00
p. m. Supper will be served at 7:15.
Following supper, Professor John L.
Brumm of the Department of Jour-
nalism will speak on, "Living Toward
the Future."
Zion Lutheran Church Services will
be held Sunday at 10:30 a. m. Rev.
Stellhorn will preach on "Loyalty."
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Trinity Lugieran Church services
will be Sunday at 10:30 a. m. with
Rev. H. C. Yoder speaking on "The
Charter of Privileges of the Refornia-
tion."
The Lutheran Student Association
will meet at 5:30 p. m. for their fel-
lowship dinner and a round-table dis-
cussion on the "Believing Church.?
'The Ann Arbor Meeting of Fends