Jr it 4 j Weather Not Much Change In Temperature VOL LII No, 8 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, OCT. 13, 1942 PRICE FIVE CENTS President Asks Draft Age Lowered To 18 * * * * 'p * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * U-M Manpower Mobilization Corps Created THE PRICE U.S. PAID IN SOLOMONS: 1 Will Unify, Direct All N/aleLabor Executive Board Will Run New Agency; Head Will Be Selected To Control To Be Coordinator Of War Activities Campus war leaders moved swiftly last night toward full mobilization of the University's giant, and as yet un- harnessed, manpower. In a student-Initiated move un- precedented in the 100-year history of this campus, the Student War Board created anManpower Mobili- zation Corps, and endowed it with full power over all male student war projects. Its chief task the provision of cam- pus manpower wherever and when- ever it is needed, the new agency will direct student participation in scrap drives and programs to alleviate farm labor shortages, as well as all other war projects.. An administrative head and an eight or ten-man board will be chosen today for the full time job of direct- ing the Manpower Corps. The executive directors will be asked to give up all other extra- curricular positions to insure. that they will be able to devote their full energies to the mobilization of the campus war effort. All men students will be asked to register and to pledge that they will be at the service of the Manpower Corps. From this list of names, and through existing organizations, the agency will recruit its workers. Highest student authority on all war projects, the Manpower Corps will review all plans and direct the accomplishment of all programs. No organization is to initiate any move without placing it first in the hands. of the administrative head, and all requests for student work- ers must be made to him. The Manpower Administrator will therefore be in complete control of the student war effort, subject only to the Student War .Board as a policy forming body. Following a front-page editorial in Sunday's Daily asking for such a manpower organization, a special meeting of campus leaders voted unanimously the same night to'rec- ommend it to the Student War'Board. The meeting was attended by repre- sentatives of the Student Senate, Union, Engineering Council, Con- gress, Inter-Cooperative Council, In- ter-Fraternity Council, Hillel, ROTC, NROTC, Alpha Phi Omega, dormitor- ies, Wolverines and Daily. Blood Donor Registration BeginsToday The war effort needs one pint of your blood! The American Red Cross in con- junction with three campus organi- zations will begin registration of vol- unteer blood donors this afternoon in the lobby of the Michigan Union and at the war stamp booth on State and North University. The Michigan Union, the Michigan League, and the Interfraternity Coun- cil have indicated that their organi- zations are 100 per cent behind the Red Cross in this drive. At the time of registration stu- dents may make a convenient ap- pointment that fits into their per- sonal time scheme. Schedules will be prepared to insure maximum effi- ciency. The Red Cross crew will be on cam- pus three times during the next three Loss Of Three Cruisers Is Revealed By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, Oct. 12.- The loss of three heavy American cruis- ers in a fierce, night-time naval battle fought during the initial phase of the attack on the Solomon Islands was announced today by the Navy. Covering the landing of rein- forcements in the Tulagi-Guadal- canal area, the second night of the attack on the islands, the cruisers Quincy, Vincennes and Astoria were outlined against the light of flares dropped by enemy planes and were sunk by a Japanese force of cruisers and destroyers. In the same action, the night of August 8-9, the Australian cruiser Canberra was hit by shells and tor- pedoes, heavily damaged and set afire. Abandoned during the night, she sank the morning of August 9, as already announced by the Aus- tralian government. Although a majority of the crews of the three cruisers was saved, a Navy communique reported, the loss of life was heavy, and the com- mander of the Quincy, Capt. Sam- uel N. Moore, of Alexandria, Va., was one of those lost. Capt. F. L. Riefkohl, of Maunabo, Puerto Rico, commanding the' -Vincennes, and Capt. William G. Greenman, of Watertown, N. Y., skipper of the Astoria, were saved. The action began about 1:45 a.m., August 9, as transports and supply ships were pouring reinforcements ashore for the Marines, who had occupied the Tulagi-Guadalcanal area of the Solomons in a surprise attack August 7. Enemy planes dropped flares over the landing operations, and simul- taneously the Japanese force of cruisers and destroyers skirted the south coast of Savo Island, be- tween Tulagi and Guadalcanal, headed for the supply ships. Finding a screening force south- east of Savo, the enemy opened fire immediately with guns and torpe- does, smashing the Canberra. After a brief engagement, the Japanese headed for the passage northeast of Savo, where they met a second screening force of destroyers and cruisers and began a battle at close range. "The action was fought with guns and torpedoes, with targets illum- inated by searchlights and star- shells," the communique reported. "The enemy fire was heavy and ac- curate, and the U.S. cruisers Quin- cy and Vincennes were hit repeat- edly and sank during the night. A third cruiser, the U.S.S. Astoria, was badly damaged and' burned. throughout the night. She sank the following morning. "It was not possible to determine the extent of damage inflicted on the Japanese ships by our screen- ing forces. The enemy withdrew to the northwest without attempting an attack on our transports and supply ships." Labor Shortages . . Need Rationing For B3est Usages Roosevelt Hints At 'Second Front' Plan, Declaring General Staff Agrees That Diversion Movements Are Necessary By RICHARD L. TURNER Associated Press Staff Writer WASHINGTON, Oct. 12.-President Roosevelt, asserting that Allied strength was "on the upgrade" and the enemy growing nervous, tonight urged the drafting of 18 and 19-year-olds so that an army with the spirit and hardihood of youth may shorten the war with annihilating new offensives. At the same time, the President called for the rationing of manpower. Workers must be kept from changing jobs at will, he said. Pirating of one employer's labor by another must be forbidden. The objective must be "the right numbers of people in the right places at the right time." Farmers May Get Drastic Action And he held out a possibility that legislation of a drastic nature may be necessary to keep the farmer supplied with hands to harvest the nation's food supplies. The American people, he added, will not "shrink" from such action, should it become necessary. The President was delivering his second radio report to the nation in five weeks. It was, generally speaking, an optimistic report of what he found on his recent tour of defense plants, Army posts and Naval stations. Al- ready, he said, America is getting ahead of the enemy in the battles of transportation and production. Staff Officers Agree In addition there was another hint at second front plans. The officers of the General Staff, he said, were in general agreement that it was necessary to divert "enemy forces from Russia and China to other theatres of war by new offensives against Germ4 y and Japan." "The objective of today is clear and realistic," he said. "It is to destroy completely the military power of Germany, Italy and Japan to such good I --L i Battle Begins Anew At City Of Stalingrad Nazis Make Slight Gains With Sharp Tank Attack In RussianMetropolis By H)FN RY V. CSSDY Associate rs Crrespdent MOSCOW, Oct. 13. (Tuesday)- Fighting broke out anew inside the city of Stalingrad yesterday after a lull of several days, the Russians an- nounced in their midnight communi- que today. Nazi troops gained slightly in one block of the ruined city. "A regiment of enemy troops sup- ported by 50 tanks three times at- tacked our positions," the communi- que said of the Stalingrad fight. "All the attacks were beaten off. "As a result of this fighting 20 tanks were disabled or set on fire, and about two battalions of German in- fantry wiped out." The momentary lull in the costly Nazi effort to reduce the Volga City had led to the belief that the Ger- mans intended to try to break through to the Caspian Sea in the Mozdok area of the mid-Caucasus, far to the south of Stalingrad. If that is the German intention, the enemy was not making any further progress there, the Russians said. The midnight 'communique said a coun- ter-attacking Red Army "on a num- ber of sectors made some advance" in the Mozdok region which protects the Grozny oil fields 40 or 50 miles to the east. The twin German Caucasian effort to crawl farther down the Black Sea coast southeast of Novorossisk also was being contained, the communique said. A Soviet unit operating in that area "successfully counter-attacked the enemy and killed about 200 Hit- lerites," it said. Northwest of Stalingrad, where a Soviet relief force has been cutting into the Nazi flank extended from the Don River to Stalingrad, the communique said 14 German attacks were beaten off in a fight for "a point of tactical importance. Eight hundred Germans were reported killed. It is this offensive, combined with heavy Nazi casualties suffered in at- tacking Stalingrad frontally, which may explain the temporary break of German activity in the northwestern outskirts of the besieged city. Willkie World Tour Nears Completion EDMONTON, Alberta, Oct. 12.-(R) -Wendell Willkie, arriving here to- night from Fairbanks, Alaska, on a closing leg of his globe-girdling flight, said he thought it inappropriate while aboard to reply "to flippant state- ments made by certain public offi- cials concerning the expression of my opinion in Russia on the question of a second front." T« - - - . .. Students' Futures Endangered By CuttingCompulsorPEM By BUD HENDEL Daily sports Editor A few male students, endangering their own futures, are playing "hook- ey" from Michigan's compulsory PEM program which is hardening the male student body for the rigors of war. Coach Ken Doherty, chairman of tie Committee of Organization, sus- pects that there are approximately 400 men who have not registered for the program and another 200 who have not bothered to attend any of their classes. These figures, aggregating about ten per cent of the general male stu- dent population, were derived by comparing the number of male stu- dents enrolled in the University with the number enrolled in PEM. Approx- imately there are 6,000 men attending school, while only 5,600 can be ac- counted for by PEM, including those exempted by dean's excuse for ath- letics or physical deficiencies. Of these 5,600, about '200 have not at- tended a single PEM class this semes- ter, while it is suspected that 400 men still remain outside the physical fit- ness fold. Unless these men register for the program immediately and begin at- tending classes, drastic penalty steps will be taken. The PEM program has been organized for the students, and it has been organized extremely well. The fault lies with those students who have been trying to dodge the requirement, not with any organiza- tion work on the part of the officials. An example of what happens to those men who fail to meet the Uni- versity PEM requirement can be found every day on Ferry Field where approximately 250 men are making up incompletes as well as taking their own course this semester. Some were not granted diplomas at the end of the summer term because they had not fulfilled the PEM requirement, and they, too, are being subjected to PEM classes in order to graduate. Fritz Crisler, Michigan Athletic Di- rector, has stated the attitude of the Physical Education Department on the subject. Said Crisler: "The greatest single handicap to maximum war service and promotion of the college man is lack of adequate physical condition. The Regential ruling now includes all full time male students at the Uni- versity. The requirement is therefore both wise and clearly understood." "No man can justify his failure to enroll in this course or to attend con- sistently. Where such failures occur, we have no alternative than to rec- ommend drastic penalties. University authorities have given us every assur- ance that they will cooperate to the fullest extent, as they have in the past, in enforcing such recommenda- tions." Axis Mediterranean Shipping Is Raided By U.S. Bombers CAIRO, Oct. 12.- (I)- Growing Allied air might, fed by a steady flow of equipment labeled U.S.A., was re- ported today playing an ever-larger part in the Battle of Egypt, with de- structive new blows at Axis shipping in which two freighters, a schooner and two enemy destroyers were hit in the Eastern Mediterranean. United States heavy bombers scor- ed the hits on two 8,000-ton freight- ers and left one of them apparently sinking yesterday off Crete where the Italians have been routing their sup- ply shipping miles out of the way in an effort to keep within protection of Axis land-based planes. This time the land-based planes did them little good. Soviet Sniper Will Address Student Rally Russian Heroine, 24 Allied Nations Representatives To SpeakHere Friday Lieut. Lieudmila Pavlichenko-the woman who killed 309 Germans as a sniper in the Soviet army-will ap- pear here with 24 other representa- tives of our allies at a gigantic United Nations war rally at 8 p. m. Friday in Hill Auditorium. Mayor Leigh J. Young will welcome Lieut. Pavlichenka to Ann Arbor and Paul Lim-Yuen, '43, a Chinese stu- dent, will speak for the representa- tives of the United Nations sent by the International Center. The entire membership of the R. O. T. C. and the N. R. O. T. C. will turn out in uniform. They will sit in a bloc in Hill Auditorium. Music of the United Nations will be played by the Michigan Band. The Student War Board will spon- sor the rally with the endorsement of the University War Board. President Alexander G. Ruthven extended the invitation to Lieutenant Pavlichenko. At the rally a Declaration of Unity, written and signed by campus leaders, will be read. Some 6,000 students are expected to attend the rally which will be as large as that held shortly after the declaration of war last December. Nutrition Drive In Full Swing Posters, Part Exhibits To Be Of Program Jeffers Defies ' Farm Bloc's Cotton Stand WASHINGTON, Oct. 12.- ()-I Breathing defiance at a bloc of cot-+ ton state senators, Rubber Director] William M. Jeffers declared today. that no "pressure group" was going toI stop him from substituting rayon for cotton in heavy duty tires if the army wanted rayon. "I'm not going to put myself in a position where it is said of me that I lack the intelligence and guts to do a job," the former president of the Union Pacific Railroad told the Sen- ate Agriculture Committee. "Too many haven't done their job because they were afraid of some committee or pressure group. I'm not going to work on that basis." It was the first time in years that a government official had "talked back" in such strong language to a committee which had called him on the carpet. At one point Jeffers literally growl- ed at Senator "Cotton Ed" Smith and at another he challenged the senators to try and stop him from taking a step he considered best for the war effort. At issue was a pending order for -the expansion of rayon production to replace cotton in the cords of truck tires. Jeffers said, "The view of the chemists, and practical fellows as well, is that in synthetic rubber tires, cotton heats more than rayon." Court Will Review American Medical Association Case, WASHINGTON, Oct. 12.-(M-The Supreme Court agreed today to re- view the anti-trust law conviction of the American Medical Association and the District of Columbia Medical Society with its question of whether the practice of medicine is a "trade" within the meaning of the Sherman Act. A+.3o fr + vicnac.cn- nn f fA purpose that their threat against us and all the other United Nations can not be revived a generation hence." He pictured a jittery lot of Axis leaders, nervously watching the strength of the United Nations grow and their own diminish. United Nations Strengthening "The strength of the United Na- tions is on the upgrade in this war," he said. "The Axis leaders, on the other hand, know by now that they have already reached their full strength, and that their steadily mounting losses in men and materials Here's What Affects College Students "There are many other things that we can do, and do immedi- ately, to help meet the manpower problem. The school authorities in all the states should work out plans to en- able our high school students to take some time from their school year, and to use their summer va- cations, to help farmers raise and harvest their crops, or to work in the war industries. This does not mean closing schdols and stopping education. It does mean giving older students a better opportunity to contribute to the war effort. Such work will do no harm to the students." Speaking about lowering the draft age, the President said: "All of our combat units that go overseas must consist of young, strong men who have had thorough training. A division that has an av- erage age of twenty-three or twen- ty-four is a better fighting unit than one which has an average age of thirty-three or thirty-four. The more of such troops we have in the field, the sooner the war will be won, and the smaller will be the cost in casualties. Therefore, I believe that it will be necessary to lower the present minimum age limit for selective service from twenty years down to eighteen. We have learned how in- evitable that is-and how impor- tant to the speeding up of victory." can not be fully replaced. Germany and Japan are already realizing what the inevitable result will be when the Hitler Is Doomed: Churchill Sees United Nations' War Efforts At Turning Point By The Associated Press EDINBURGH, Scotland, Oct. 12.- Prime Minister Churchill gave Britain today an assessment of two months' Allied war effort which included the transport to these isles of the most numerous United States troops yet to arrive, and declared the United Na- tions had reached a "stern and som- ber moment" in which they must bal- ance wisdom with daring. That was his closest reference to the "second front" problem in a speech delivered in Edinburgh's Usher Hall. It recalled his careful statement to the House of Commons last week in which he said the war had entered a "significant" period. Speaking from the same platform, TT n _ _ _._ . __ . . -I" T '- . , for mocking him with the glitter of fleeting success." Briefly assessing the gains of the last two months, Churchill said Aug- ust and September have been "the least bad months" since January in U-boat depredations. This, he ac- knowledged, remains the Allies' greatest problem, "but there is no reason whatsoever why it should not be solved by the prodigious measures of offense and defense and replace- ment on which Britain, Canada and above all the United States are now engaged." August and September, he went on, "have seen new building of merchant ships substantially outweigh losses; "They have seen the greatest ton- -.- -.F 3 4 UL2 . . I-. 7.,,,- A The Nutrition Drive is in full swing in Ann Arbor this week, with a pro- gram of activities designed to bring the importance of proper nutrition to the attention of every citizen of Ann Arbor and its environs. Exhibits, movies, puppet shows, posters, special food displays and many other events are being planned to make the campaign a success. On Thursday, October 15, a Vic- tory Luncheon will be held from 11 a. m. to 1:30 p. m. at the Masonic Temple. The tickets will be sold only at the door, and the profits will be used to defray the expenses of the campaign. A feature of the luncheon will be a display showing how to store vegetables and fruits for the winter. Mrs. Ruth Bush, chairman of the City Nutrition committee, has ar- ranged a display which will be fea- tured by the Michigan Consolidated Gas Co. The display will consist of three parts. Colored food models made of paper pasted.on masonite to give a three dimensional effect will form the center panel, telling the story of proper food selection. Over -- - _-_1n"A .