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Editorial
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VOL. LII. No. 41
South Russian
Forces Resist
Savage Attack
On Gateways
Nazis Clain Bridgehead
To Caucasus Beseiged;
Battle Centers At Kerch
Moscow Offensive
May Begin Again
(By The Associated Press)
The showdown for effective control
of the Russian Crimea and the
bridgeheads to Caucasia appeared to
be fast approaching last night in
.savage battles before Sevastopol and
Kerch and there were'sign's, too, that
Hitler was disposing his stalemated
armies of the center for one more
grand offensive on Moscow.
In the South the great issue was
yet in doubt; the great struggle was
yet inc nclusive. .
The ermans claimed to be storm-
ing the outer, fortifications of Kerch,
which . lies across a narrow strait
from the western extremity of the
Caucasus and its vital oil reserves,
and by their own accounts had the
city's defensive belt under assault
from both west and south.
Anapa Bombed
They reported that Anapa, on the
Black Sea coast of the Caucasus
about 50 miles southeast of Kerch,
was under violent bombing attack
along with Kerch itsel and with Nov-
rosissk, a possible but'much less ef-
fective alternate for Sevastopol as a
base for Russian Black Sea power.
The atest available information
from the Russians, however, pictured
the Kerc defenses as unbroken and
the Gerans' assaults being beaten
off by joint land, aerial' and naval
action.an indication that the fleet
Was far from being counted out.
Before Sevastopol, it was plain
that the Russian defensive position
was relatively good. The Germans
thmselves spoke of it as withstand-
ing attack more successfully than
was Kerch, and the Russians reported
that the invaders had gained no
ground although their charges were
rising in violence. Enormous Ger-
mn losses were claimed there.
Couuite -Attacks Halted
Of the Moscow front yesterday the
only detailed news came from the
Russian side, the'Germans dismissing
that theater with the single report
that heavy Russian tank counter-at-
tacks had been halted.
Soviet informants reported, how-
ever, that all along the central front
the Nazis were attacking in explor-
atory thrusts apparently designed to
.feel out the soft spots for another
all-out offensive on the capital-and,
if it comes, most likely the last
before spring.
Both the Germans and Russians
were brir ging up reseves.
Meanwhile, heavy action was limit-
ed to the northern and southern wings
of the Red line. i
About Tula, 100 miles below Mos-
cow, Soviet dispatches reported that
the Germans had been driven back
an additional one t two miles, in the
same area where on Wednesday it
had been reported that the invader
had been beaten back by five miles.
Italians Bound For Africa
Rerouted To Russia
ISTANBUL, Turkey, Nov. 12-(de-
layed)-()-- An informed naval

source close to Axis diplomatic quar-
ters said today Italian troops, out-
fitted for tropical warfare in North
Africa, were being rerouted at sea
on ,German orders and sent to Pir-
aeus, Greece, to be re-outfitted for
the Russian front.
Disorganization arising from this
was said to be partly responsible for
recent British naval successes against
Axis convoys. The British have an-
nounced two convoys were destroyed
in one stroke by a naval patrol Sun-
day and that two days later six Axis
ships were sunk by submarines.
Reinforcements which this source
said had been expected by the Italian
General Staff in Libya for the past.
fortnight had failed to appear for the
Germans, he d clared, apparently had
written off any intention of an Afri-
can offensive in the near future.
Alpha Nu Society Taps
Fourteen Men Today
Alpha Nu, honorary speech society,

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1941

Z-323

PRICE FIVE C


Finland To Continue Fight
PETSAMMU V! C =
F INLAND .KE
OMEGA
HELSINKI
^A 0O% j L TIKHVIN
*NOVGOROD
*KALININ
VOLOKOLAMSK C
MOSCOW

House VoteRepeals Neutrality Act

In Response

To President's Ples

Roosevelt Asks No Coal Shutdown

_

Executive

Assertion

MI ES 244

0 T UL A

Finland rejected\a United States warnifig to cease fighting and in-
sisted that she still was waging a defensive war. This map shows Fin-
nish territorial losses (dotted areas) in the 1939-40 war with Russia.
Finns say they have regained most of the territory except two vital
areas, the Fisher and Hango peninsulas (circled), which are still in
Russian hands. Black arrows mark direction of Axis drives on Lenin-
grad and Moscow.

NOn-Defense
Industry Plan
Takes Formn
Policy Definitely Indicates
Defense Agency Inability
To Save All Business
WASHINGTON, Nov. 13. --(p)-
Broad outlines of the Government's
policy toward non-defense industries'
-particularly small manufacturers--
took shape today with clear indica-
tion that in some instances defense
agencies will be unable to prevent
business failures.
Donald M. Nelson, executive direc-
tor of the Supply, Priorities and Al-
locations Board, declared in a Bos-
ton speech that "this defense pro-
gram isn't a WPA program for indus-
try," and warned that "the manufac-
turer who can think of nothing better
to Flo than hurry up and dump him-
self in the Government's lap is de-
stroying free enterprise."
SPAB now is working, Nelson dis-
closed, on a plan for establishing'
some sort of reserve supply of ma-
terials "to help men who face an
absolute shutdown if something is not
done.":
"We will be able," Nelson said, "to
make limited amounts of material
available for a limited time, to plants
which" have been unable to convert
their facilities. In some cases,' un-
questionably, where it would take a
comparatively large amount of ma-
terial to keep a cpmparatively few
men at work."

Irate Senators
Protest Move
Committee
Refusal To Lift Secrecy
On Foreign Relations
Ended With Walk-Out
WASHINGTON, Nov. 13-(P)-Re-
sentment against the secret consider-
ation of a reciprocal tax waiver treaty
with Great Britain led four members
to walk out of a meeting of the Sen-
ate Foreign Relations Committee to-
day.
Senator Vandenberg (Rep.-Mich.)
said the four-himself and Senators
Johnson (Rep.-Calif.), Capper (Rep.-
Kan.) and Clark (Dem.-Mo.)-quit:
the meeting in protest against "ab-
sentee rule" over the committee's pro-
cedure.
Vandenberg had moved that the,
conmittee's usual rule of secrecy with
regard to treaties be lifted. He con-
tended the members should be per-
mitted to discuss with their constit-
uents certain terms of the agreement'
which he described as of "tremen-
dous importance" to local taxing au-
thorities,
When the motion was, put Vanden-
berg, Johnson, Capper, Clark and
Senator Gillette (Dem.-Iowa) voted
for it, but Senators Murray (Dem.-
Mont.) and Glass (Dem.-Va.) opposed
it and Murray voted proxies of five
^bsent members against it. The mo-
tion thus lost 7 to 5, although only
seven members were present in per-
son.

Stirs Up Rumors
Of Strike Control
Uions Reject
Board Offers
By The Associated Press)
President Roosevelt, on the eve of
a conference with John L. Lewis on
the captive coal mine dispute, told
Congress yesterday that a shutdown
of these mines supplying steel mills
with fuel could not be permitted.
Mr. Roosevelt' assertion was made
in a letter to House leaders. It came
amid widespread reports in Washing-
ton that Administration-sponsored
legislation to restrict strikes was im-
minent, and toward the end of a day
which saw these other labor develop-
ments: .
The Federation of Long Line Tele-
phone Workers (independent) called
off a strike set for midnight Friday
and arranged for its national council
to meet with Federal conciliators in
New York, Nov. 21. The uion is
asking a 4 per cent wage increase for
15,000 members whose current scale
ranges from $13 to $66 a week.
Represent 900,000
Fourteen non-operating railroad
unions. representing 900,000 workers,
rejected a recommendation from a
White House-appointed special board
that they be satisfied with raises of
13%/2 per cent. The unions said wages
npw ranged from 33 to 85 cents, and
they had asked 30-34 cent increases.
These unions said nothing of strik-
ing. A strike the second week in De-
cember has been called by the operat-
ing brotherhoods, who also were dis-
satisfied with the board's recom-
mendations.
CIO officials said workers at Bell
Aircraft's two plants in Buffalo, N.Y.,
were "getting hot" and predicted a
strike unless the management "be-
gins to bargain." The United Auto-
mobile workers (CIO) is demanding
a general 20-cents an hour raise and
a minimum of 75 cents an hour in-
stead of 50. Bell's 11,000 employes
are working on $150,000,000 of air-
craft orders for Britain and the Unit-
ed Mine Workers (CIO), other min-
ers' union officials and representa-
tives of the steel companies at 11:15
a.m. today.
To Meet Committee
Before going to this conference at
the 'White House, Lewis will meet
with his union's policy committee to
discuss the defense mnediation board's
recommendation against a union shop
in the coal mines owned by steel
companies.
The UMW called a strike in Octo-
ber, but 'after three days sent the
53,000 miners back to the pits pend-
ing mediation board action ,on its
demand that all the workers be re-
quired to join the union after proba-
tionary employment. A strike truce
in effect while the case was before
the board expises Satunday midnight.
Last CIO Members
Resign From Board
DETROIT, Nov. 13. -(W)- Emil
Rieve, general president of the CIO
Textile Wyrkers' Union of America'
and vice-chairman of the C1, and
Herbert W. Payne, a vice-president
of the Textile Workers of America,
today submitted their resignations as
members of the National Defense
Mediation Board to President Roose-
velt.
They telegraphed their resignations
to the White House from a meeting of
the TWJA's national executive coun-
cil. The council.,is holding a three-
day session here.
They also informed Philip Murray,
president of the CIO, and William H.
Davis, chairman of the National De-
fense Board, of their action.

Appointment Office
Urges Ap plications
With a record of 1800 students
placed in positions last year, the
Bureau of Appointments and Occu-
pational Information is again calling
for student registration for jobs.
It was stressed that this week is

Persistent Laborite Critic
Charges Government
Failed To Act In Libya
(By The Associated Press)
LONbON, Nov. 13-The Churchill
Government was accused in House of
Commons debate today of muffing its
chance to ease the German pressure
on the Russians by failing to open a
diversion warfront in North Africa.
Laborite Emanuel Shinwell, one of
the most persistent critics of the
British war effort who was mentioned
recently as a possible recruit to the
Cabinet and was disclosed today to
have refused to accept office in May,
1940, formed the spearhead of at-
tack.
The debate touched on virtually
every aspect to the war effort, even
to the labor situation in the United
States, which was pictured as possibly
facing a general strike because of
"then inexperience of trade union
leaders."
Replies To King
The debate was the reply to the
message of King George VI yester-
day opening a new session of Parlia-
ment.
"Why has the offensive in Libya
been delayed?" Shinwell demanded.
"It has been expected many months.
"It would in effect have created a
second front. It would certainly have
distracted the Nazis and created dif-
.ficulties for them. Let the govern-
ment answer that question.
"Next week or next month an of-
fensive in Libya may not be as effec-
tive."
If the failure to move once more
into Libya in duplication of the great
offensive of General Sir Archibald P.
Soldiers In IDeland
Held ForShooting
REYKJAVIK, Iceland, Nov. 13.-
(P)--Privates Everett L. Farmer of
Huntington, W.Va., and Charles H.
Cox of McKee, Ky., were charged
with manslaughter today and will be
tried by a courtmartial Monday for
the fatal shooting of an Icelandic
fisherman in a fight outside a cafe.
Thordur Sigurdsson died Tuesday
of a wound suffered Saturday night
in the fight at Hafnarfjorder, 10
miles from Reykjavik.
A report by the Judge Advocate's
staff said death was due to a bullet
wound in the stomach, but there was
"no evidence of premeditation."
The shooting caused a sensation
here, with newspapers recommending
that Icelanders avoid American sol-
diers as much as possible to prevent
further clashes.

Churchill Government Accused
Of Muffing African Chances

Wavell last winter is due to a lack
of equipment, Shinwell added, then
obviously it is idle to speak of in-
vasion elsewhere.
Egypt Action Minor
In September the British at Cairo
were freely predicting the desert of
western Egypt and eastern Libya
\would be "boiling" with new war in
October, but action there still has
been minor, largely reconnaissance.
However, Wavell did not move
against the Italians last year until
Dec. 9, when he struck their flank
at Sidi Barrani and ultimately drove
them nearly half the distance to Trip-
oli, then fell back last spring when
much Of his force was diverted for
service in Greece.{
A. V. Alexander, Fit Lord of the
Admiralty, made th Government's
reply to Shinwell, but it tapered off
into a heated but obscure exchange,
over why Shinwell had declined a
post in the Churchill government.'
Neutrality Bill
Change Brings
MixedReaction
BERLIN, Friday, Nov. 14. --()-
German reaction to the United
States House of Representatives' ap-
proval of the Neutrality Amend-
ments probably will follow the famil-
iar line that "Roosevelt is driving his
people into war," informed quarters
said today.
* * *
LONDON, Nov. 13. --()- Con-
gressional approval of the United
States Neutrality Act amendments
tonight brought expressions of
pleasure in all sections of the Bri-
tish public, but some quarters
plainly showed their' disappoint-
ment over the relatively small ma-
jority in the voting.
* * *
TOKYO, Friday, Nov. 14.-(P,)-The
newspaper Nichi Nichi featured a
lengthy special article under a New
York dateline today, saying Presi-
dent Roosevelt's foreign policy had
been dealt a great blow by revolt of
some Democratic members of the
House against Neutrality Act amend-
ments to permit Americans ships to
enter belligerentt waters. It said
these members were convinced this
step woud lead inevitably to -war.
* * *
OTTAWA, Nov. 13-(P)--Prime
Minister Mackenzie King said to-
night United States Congressional
revision of the neutrality law "will
be seen by Hitler as the handwrit-
ing on the wall spelling the doom of
the Axis powers."

Southern Democrats
Vote Against Bill
Because Of Strikes
Raybuirn Ads
Personal Note
WASHINGTON, Nov. 13. -(M-
Responding to & dramatic last-min-
ute appeal from President Roosevelt,
the House voted 212 to 194 today to
let armed American merchant ships
carry cargoes through zones of battle
directly into the harbors of belliger-
ent nations.
By that 18-vote margin, it sent to
the White House legislation repeal-
ing the remaining major provisions
of the Neutrality Law, and saved the
Administration from a disastrous and
prestige-shattering defeat.
But slender though the majoity
was, it was more than large enough
to surprise and delight the Adminis-
tration leadership in the House. For
two days it had fought to avert what
looked at times like certain defeat.
Strike Situation
Largely because of displeasure at
the strike situation and dissatisfac-
tion with President Roosevelt's hand-
ing of it, a large segment of the
Southern Democratic membership-
hitherto solidly behind the govern-
ment's foreign policy-was threaten-
ing to oppose the legislation.
Personal persuasion proved insuf-
ficient. Speaker Rayburn and Rep.
McMack of Massachusetts, the ma-
jority floor leader, asked Mr. Roose-
velt to tell the membership what ef-
fect, in his opinion, an adverse vote
would have upon the foreign and
domestic situations.
Mr. Roosevelt complied In a letter
which Rayburn read to a tense, stilled
and packed chamber, a moment be-
fore the vote was taken.
The failure of Corigress to repeal
the sections of the Neutralty Act in
question, he said, "would be definite-
ly discouraging" to Great Britain, to
China and to Russia, all "fighting a
defensive war against invasion."
To Cause Axis Rejoicing
Further, he said, it would "cause
rejoicing in the Axis nations," would
"bolster aggressive steps and inten-
tions in Germany" and other coun-
tries under the leadership of Adolf
Eitler.
"Judging by all reent experience,"
he said, "we could, all of us, look
forward to enthusiastic applause in
those three nations based on the
claim that the United States is dis-
united as they have so often prophe-
sied.
,"Our own position in the struggle
against aggression would be defintely
weakened not only in Europe and in
Asia but also among our sister re-
publics in the-Americas."
Naval, Air Activity
' May Follow Revision
WASHINGTON, Nov. 13.'(AP)A
general and rapid expansion of Amer-
ican naval and military activity along
the sea and air routes to Britain is
expected in authoritative quarters to
follow revision of the Neutrality Act.
With the Navy all set to start
placing guns and gun crews on mer-
chant ships as soon as President
Roosevelt gives the signal, and with
the Maritime Commission ready to
extend its routes of commercial oper-
ations for the first time since the war
began, Secretary Knox strongly in-
dicated tonight the scope of en-
larged operations.
Declaring the House action today
holds out "greatly increased promise
of ultimate victory," Knox asserted
that it means this country itself can
now determine how its merchant ships
can best be used to get war supplies
to any part of the world "where they

can be usefully employed" against
the Axis powers.
In other quarters, probable steps in
the expansion of operations were said
to include:
(1) Extension of Naval and air
patrols and convoy escorts the rest
of the way across the Atlantic to the
British Isles. These American pro-
tective measures now operate only
to the waters adjacent to Iceland.

Camp us Groups To Be Enlisted
To Aid Custer Invitation Dance


Anne McCormick Warns U.S. .
MayBe Licked BeforeBattle'

Aid from various campus organiza-
tions will be enlisted by the Student
Senate for its proposed Fort Custer
draftees' invitation dance.
Passed with only one dissenting
vote at a meeting yesterday, the mo-
tion declared that "the Senate Service
Committee will work with fraterni-
ties, dQrmitories, co-operatives and
other campus groups in gaining sup-
port for the 'soldier party' plan."
Since any further action will hinge
on University authorities and th
United Service Organization, the
The Student Senate Service
Committee will meet today at 2
p.m. in the Union to discuss plans
for the proposed dance for soldiers
from Fort Custer. It is impera-
ive that every member attend.
room number will be posted on
the Union bulletin board.
dance date has been tentatively set
for the last week in November. The
Senate is already co-operating with

for cooperation from campus organi-
zations once the Senate has received
University and USO approval on the
dance.
The meeting also saw a revision of
the petition system for Student Sen-
ate candidates. In line with its po-
sition as a campus representative
body, the Senate will require 25.
names instead of the previous six on
all patitions for'the December 12 elec-
tion. 12 new senators will be chosen
at this date.
The ;, Winter Parley Committee,
chaired by Jake Fahrner, '43, and
John Edmonson, will commence prep-
aration for the annual ficulty-stu-
dent forum with a meeting next
Tuesday, Edmonson announced to the
Senate yesterday. Committee mem-
bers include Bud Brimmer, '44, Orval
Johnson, '43, Sam Russell, '42, and
Margaret Campbell, '43.
According to Edmonson, the Par-
ley will be held in the early part of
January following Christmas vaca-
tion. It is an offshoot of the annual
Spring Parley started in 1933 as an

Lecture . .
In a voice somber, and charged
with conviction, journalist Anne O'-
Hare McCormick last night warned
an Oratorical audience-and America
-that unless we have the power and
intelligence to carry out our war
effort without splitting into factions,
"we are licked even before the battle
begin."
Speaking on the heels of the close
vote on the Neutrality revision mea-
sure, she condemned "not being able
to live with ourselves when all the
world is yearning for what we have,"
and held the choice now is not be-
tween peace and war, but between
our weapons.
"We are already committed to fight
for the four freedoms throughout the
world," she maintained, but we must
face realities and limit our commit-
ments to those which we can carry
out. On this basis she criticized the
eight points of the Atlantic Charter
,. "va-eu .a islainit."

SInterview . . . \
The Anne O'Hare McCormick of
the lecture platform is not the de-
termined, ultra-competent person
that confronts an interviewer.
Shy and womanly as she may ap-
pear on the rostrum, she is the effic-'
ient newspaperwoman and the skilled
logician at close range. f
Anne McCormick answers ques-
tions. She doesn't pull punches.
How long will Hitler last? .
"As long as he is winning. With one
smashing military defeat, the whole
Nazi structure will collapse. There
is no sign of it yet."
Is there hope of a revolt in Ger-
many? What form will it take?
"With a smashing defeat, there is
possibility of a revolt in Germany, but
it will be an unorg nized, anarchic
one. The army people are already,
preparing to take over, but you may
be certain a regime of theirs would be
little if any better than Hitler's."
T h. min nrnhy,",-1a,'m r f a.m