THE MICHIGAN DAILY

"RYDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1940



THE MICHIGAN DAILY

Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.
Published every morning except Monday during the
University year and Summer Session.
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use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All
rights of republication of all other matters herein also
reserved.
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second class. mail matter.
Suberiptions during the regular school year by carrier
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Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1939-40
Editorial Staff1

Hervie Haufler.
Alvin S arasohn.
Paul M. Chandler
Karl Kessler
Milton Orshefsky
Howard A. Goldman
Laurence Mascott
Donald Wirtcha~fter.
Esther Osser
Helen Corman

Managing Editor
Editorial Director
. . . . City Editor
Associate Editor
. . . . Associate Editor
. . . . Associate Editor
. . . . Associate Editor
Sports Editor
. . Women's Editor
Exchange Editor

Congress
For Independents ...
A SK an average Michigan student
what Congress is. Your answer will
probably indicate that it's "a law-making body
in Washington."
But there is another Congress, much closer
to home, right here on the Michigan campus.
It is an organization which belongs to all inde-
pendent men-all 6,000 of them-and whose
potentialities are recognized by woefully few.
CONGRESS, the Independent Men's Associa-
tion, was organized to give unaffiliated men
the advantages which they lack by not belonging
to a fraternity. It is not, however, antagonistic
to fraternities. It shares an office with the
Inter-Fraternity Council (306 Union) and co-
operates with them in many instances.
Congress exists for the purpose of obviating
-any bonafide excuse that "it's much harder for
an independent man to get along on campus."
ET'S ANALYZE the situation. Fraternities,
it is said, present numerous scholastic ad-
vantages. They have private files of past exam-
inations in many subjects, collected by members.
A member strong in one course can help a
brother who "just can't get" that particular sub-
ject. How can an independent man hope to
compete with the fraternity men when finals
roll around?
Well, there's a way. Congress has the most
complete file of past examinations in all sub-
jects on campus. These exams are retaied in
the general libraries and are kept up to date
-by the members of Congress. They may be ex-
amined free of charge, just as anyone borrows
books from the libraries. And as for actual stu-
dent scholastic assistance, Congress also spon-
sors a tutorial system, whereby 'students well-
grounded in one subject may coach weak schol-
ars. There is a charge of 20 cents an hour for
this service, and the entire amount goes to the
student tutor. Congress receives nothing for
the service. Furthermore, many student tutors
do not ask for payment of'the fee, explaining
that the review derived from instructing others
rewards them for the time spent.
FRATERNITY SOCIAL LIFE is a topic for
many collegiate publications. Well, Con-
gress sponsors tea dances, hay rides, mixers and
dances throughout the school year. The climax
is always the gala Congressional Fling, coming
this year November 29.
Fraternity men may sometimes obtain certain
commodities at reduced rates because of group
purchasing. Obviously, a body of 6,000 men can
obtain even better rates than the fraternities.
Thus, in a week or so, Congress will effer Dis-
count Cards to the students, entitling them to
substantial savings on cleaning, laundry and
shoe repairing. Also available is Congress' low-
cost fire and theft insurance, at a small fraction
of its cost if purchased individually by the
students.
As for opportunities for advancement in col-
lege activity, BMOC's are not necessarily fra-
ternity men. The unaffiliated man has excel-
lent opportunities for extra-curricular work on
one of the many committees of Congress-social,
student welfare, scholarship, athletic, publicity.
THE EYES of the United States are on Con-
gress in Washington. The eyes of the in-
dependents on campus should likewise be on
Congress -Michigan's Congress, Independent
Men's Association-for it is their organization
and it will serve them well if they give it the
chance.
- David Lachenbruch

Business Staff
Business Manager .
Assistant Business Manager .
Women's Business Manager
Women's Advertising Manager

Irving Guttman
Robert Gilmour
Helen Bohnsack
.Jane Krause

NIGHT EDITOR: JEAN SHAPERO
The editorials published in The Michigan
Daily are written by members of The Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
only.
Today
Is Voting Day...
TODAY, students on this campus will
have the opportunity of electing 16
students to the Student Senate. It is an occasion
that calls for careful and serious consideration
of all the factors and issues involved in the po-
litical campaigning that has been going around
the campus during the last week.
To begin with, why does the Senate deserve
all the attention it has &een receiving? The
answer is explained primarily by the fact that
the Senate is the only popularly elected repre-
sentative student body in this University.
Through the device of proportional representa-
tion the composition of the Senate is an attempt
to reflect accurately opinion on campus to the
extent that interested students go to the polls
and vote.
DURING THE LAST FEW YEARS the Senate
has engaged in a number of activities bene-
ficial to the student body. It has provided op-
portunities to hear and discuss important politi-
cal and social questions of the day through its
sponsorship of parleys and symposiums. This
fall, acting jointly with three other organiza-
tions, it instituted the Michigan Forum.
At the beginning of this semester, scholarship
funds amounting to a thousand dollars over
last year were made available to students through
the combined efforts of several faculty men and
the Senate. The Senate is also making plans
to get alumni groups throughout the country
and service clubs within this state interested
in the idea of providing money for more scholar-
ships.
LEADERS OF THE ORGANIZATION also take
pride in the fact that the 'price of cleaning
has gone down this semester. Last spring the
Senate investigated the situation.
Last year the members of that body demon-
strated a sober sense of the responsibility placed
on an organization of this type. Consequently,
it is necessary that voters in today's election
mark their ballots for candidates who are hard-
working and conscientious, students capable of
maintaining and even improving the position
of the Senate in student affairs.
Attention in the present campaign has been
focussed on the rivalry of two groups. The
Michigan party which has 12 candidates on the
ballot and the University Progressive Council
which has 11 people running. Both of these
groups seek to fillfill a purpose which the fol-
lowers of each feel is necessary and important.
A number of conservative students and faculty
men have long voiced the belief that the con-
servatives on this campus needed a rallying
point for their interests. The Michigan party
was said to have been organized last year for
this reason,
ON THE OTHER HAND, since the American
Student Union is no longer considered by
many liberal students as being truly representa-
tive of their political attitudes, the University
Progressive Council was formed recently. This
group, which plans to function on a permanent
basis, 'says that it hopes to serve as an effective
nucleus for progressive opinion and activity.
It is not the purpose of this editorial to point
out which group or individuals that one should
support. We do ask that the voter examine
the backing, the aims, and the character of
every candidate before making his choice.
- Alvin fDann

LETTERS
TO THE EDITOR
To the Editor:
AS I RUMINATE, and symbolize the Lydian
Basanite: -"Touchstone," bless him, is a
gifted lad, with a discerning eye, and I, myself,
was amused by his description of the way his
female sisters and cousins and his aunts, to-
gether with his mother, looked to him, now he
is a great big boy and off to college, leaving, it
may be, their lives so empty, that they are
obliged to find a substitute for an interest in
living.
It is so very true, the empty lives of those
who, after so many years, are bereft of the idol
of their hearts and activities. There is the girl,
too, back home, whose thoughts are centered
about him-her Lydian basanite, by which she
judges all others. How soon she, too, will grow
into an age when some imaginary service to
mankind or intellectual hobby, will be taking
her to a convention. She wants to keep up,
with him! It's something, isn't it, for mothers
to do, and for back-home sweethearts to do, to
keep abreast of the times and not be a back-
number when the Touchstones-those of correct
judgment-come home for Christmas, back from
the great University, shining buttons on the
breast of the world, as Ibsen says? Women want
to make good, too.
SHE MAY even drive her new car, one day, to
Ann Arbor, to attend a football game with
him. Maybe it was she, who driving her car,
reveled that women are made for the home and
can't drive cars. How little she may have guessed
how she was being sized up that time she turned
a corner on State and North U. and nearly had
a collision with a car of hurrah-boys football
enthusiasts, who own the town, that was so
dull when they arrived! There was no colli-
sion: she did it; she made it, dressed as she was
so carefully, with her new picture hat a-tilt
upon her permanent curled locks!
IT IS VERY TRUE, in my estimation, that
mothers and fathers do look out of place on
the Campus, among the youth, for whose wel-
fare they are so concerned. Their rarity may be
ne reason for this, for few come. One sees, in-
stead, the boxes, in which are unwashed clothes,
that are parcel-posted home to mothers and
aunts to be washed and returned. It may be
that these same mothers and aunts also belong
to clubs, and enjoy going to a convention once
in a while, attired in new, latest-fashioned hats
It's ridiculous, of course. It's fortunate that
there is a professor with guts who is not afraid
to tell them that their coming is a sublimation
because their lives are so empty. He must be a
psycho-analyst. Of course he could explain
their talking so loud, because they wanted peo-
ple to be aware of their existence. It is never
done by students and professors of assured posi-
tion and culture.
UPON READING the "Reply Churlish" in
Thursday's Daily one felt quite ashamed of
women who go to conventions. It would seem
as though, by this time, they would have learned
better. But maybe those who heard the profes-
sor with guts never went again as delegates to
convention. I don't suppose the professor asked
any of them to address the meeting? Of course
not. It would have been a tiresome procedure.
For some reason though, it made me think of a
long and open road leading back into history.
I saw women walking along that road; they
passed, and I noted a few whose names I knew.
I noted Susan B. Anthony, and Ernestine Rose,
and Victorial Woodhull and Frances Wright, in
the long line. Most of them I had never, never
heard mentioned. Some wore dowdy dresses,
but there they were. So I got out Olive Schrein-
er's "Three Dreams in a Desert" and read it
again . . .
"And reason, that old man, said to her, 'Si-
lence! What do you hear?' And she listened
intently, and she said, 'I hear a sound of feet, a
thousand times ten thousand and thousands of
thousands, and they beat this way!' He said,
'They are the feet of those that shall follow you.
Lead on! make a track to the water's edge.

Where you stand now the ground will be beaten'
flat by ten thousand times ten thousand feet.'
And he said, 'Have you seen the locusts how
they cross a stream? First one comes down to
the water's edge, and it is swept away, and then
another comes, and then another, and then an-
other, and at last with their bodies piled up a
bridge is built and the rest pass over.'
She said, "And of those that come first, some
are swept away, and are heard of no more;
their bodies do not even build the bridge?" "And
are swept away and are heard of no more-and
what of that?" he said. "They make a track to
the water's edge." "They make a track to the
water's edge . . ." And she said, "Over that
bridge which shall be built with our bodies, who
will pass?" He said, "The entire human race." . .
-and are heard of no more-but the woman
grasped her staff and passed on with that great
throng of mothers, and sisters and cousins and
aunts,-who have joined together and have made
it possible for women to go to colleges and to
become physicians and scientists and to take a
place in the world. And it may not be amiss, in
this connection, to mention Olive Schreiner's
"Woman and Labor"-a book so little read,
now, and yet considered so great a work, in
which she brings out the evolutionary process
as shown by ants and bees and the human spe-
cies and shows that neither sex can enslave or
belittle the other without itself being held back,
and its progress warped, indeed stopped.
(Signed) A Reader of the Michigan Daily
the upperclassmen was "if Ye want to sit in
boxes at the Maj, bring them with you."
* * *

This review was written especially
for The Daily. Because of its length,
it will be published in two parts, the
second appearing tomorrow.
By HAROLD OSTERWEIL
Thurman W. Arnold: Bottlenecks of
Business: Reynal and Hitchcock:
335 pps. 1940 $2.50
During the process of waving the
"big stick" with greater vigor and
with a broader sweep than any of
his predecessors. Thurman Arnold
has taken time out to present to the
American people a brief of his ideas
concerning, and activities in en-
forcing, the Sherman Anti-Trust
Act.
It is important that the citizens
of the United States carefully ex-'
amine the work of their assistant
Attorney-General. Why should this
country have an anti-trust act?
What has Arnold done during his
brief stay in office? What are the
shortcomings and significance of
Arnold's approach to the problem of
maintaining competition in the eco-
nomic system?
The Arnold of the "Bottlenecks of
Business" is not the Arnold of the
"Folklore of Capitalism." For here
Thurman Arnold is intensely serious,
as he clearly and forcefully points
out the pernicious effects of re-
straints of trade. In normal, peace-
ful times, price-fixing agreements
among business men result in higher
prices and in restriction of output-a
reduction in the real income of the
community. The effect of a rise in
prices, Arnold claims, is to divert
expenditures into the "monopoly" in-
dustry (e.g. gasoline) and curtail
consumer expenditures in other in-
dustries (e.g. food). Furthermore,
the cartelization of industry not only
has its short run effects on the plane
of living, but has the long run effect
of laying the economic groundwork
for fascism. (Witness the structure
of German industry prior to Hitler's
ascension.)
However, restraints of trade have
an. even more destructive influence

during the period of preparation for
national defense. Divisions of mar-
kets, fixing of prices, and collusive
bidding are similar methods of rais-
ing the prices of materials essential
to military preparation-of raising
the already tremendous costs to a
people who are straining all their
resources in this gigantic defense
effort. Restraints of trade in a de-
fense period further serve to "tight-
en the belts" of the mass of the
American people by increasing still
more the price of durable consumers'
goods. (The opportunities for ex-
cessive and cumulative price jumps
are indeed present during the re-
covery months.)
We have now come to the first
point in our argument: that desirable
social policy demands the breaking
up and prevention of restraints of
trade.
But what control mechahisms can
achieve this end, Mr. Arnold? "The
Sherman Act!" Thurman Arnold
would emphatically reply.
In discussing the nature of the
Act, its previous weak enforcement,
and the current prosecutions, lawyer
Arnold is particularly effective. De-
signed in 1890 to prevent "restraints
of trade in interstate commerce" and
monopolies which effect interstate
commerce the Sherman Act has had
little economic significance. With
the anti-trust division of the Depart-
ment of Justice weakly manned un-
til 1938 (even in its heyday under
Theodore Roosevelt there were only
five lawyers'and four stenographers
in the division), the Act could not
be enforced in a vigorous and thor-
ough-going manner. In the main,
private (people injured by monop-
olies) and not public suits have char-
acterized the history of the Act.
Moreover, time and again criminal
cases under the act have been
dropped by the anti-trust divisions
on the promise of the defendant
company "to be a good boy in the
future." (But "naughty behavior"
is much more likely when the threat

of a "good spanking" is removed.)
Not only has the enforcement of
the Act been weak; it has also not
been clearly defined. "Forty years
of sporadic enforcement of the anti-
trust laws have created a situation
in which the application of the law
is confused in almost every concrete
industrial situation."
Striking hard at various fields of
economic behaviour. Arnold is seek-
ing to drive home the point that re-
straints of trade per se are illegal,
unless specifically exempt in a par-'
ticular industry by another piece of
Congressional legislation. Five cases
decided in 1939 gave legal status to
Arnold's demands: In U.S. vs. Bor-
den, the Court ruled that agricultural
products are not exempt from the
Sherman Act, And in U.S. vs. Amer-
ican Medical Association, the Court
said that learned professions are not
exempt from the Act. That a patent
can't be used to dominate resale
prices and methods of marketing
products was the crux of the decision
in U.S. vs. Ethyl Gasoline Co. In
another gasoline case, U.S. vs. Socony
Vacuum, the Court held that .price
fixing couldn't be justified on the
grounds that it was used to promote
"fair" competition. Finally, the
Court declared in the Apex Case that
labor was not exempt from the Act
when it interferes with competitors.
Equally as important as Arnold's
clarification of the provisions of the
Act, has been his introduction of a
new method of persecution. Arnold
argues' that anti-trust enforcement
will prove of little benefit to con-
sumers unless it is directed 'against
all restraints in an industry. Thus,
he has approached restraints in the
housing industry by simultaneously
prosecuting (all over the country)
producers, distributors, and contrac-
tors of building materials, and work-
ers in the building industries. And
building costs have fallen in the lo-
calities iki which the anti-trust divi-
son has operated.
(To Be Continued Tomorrow)

Arnold On Trade Restraints

-

DAILY. OFFICIAL BULLETIN

t
G
G
i
z
E

Adult Education

And Citizenship .

. .

THE PARENT EDUCATION INSTI-
TUTE with its theme of "Citizen-
ship" ends its session today, but the many fine
subjects discussed during the three-day conven-
tion will continue to be discussed, for the topics
the Institute brought up are vital issues in this
democracy. Citizenship in the school, in the
home and in the community cannot be dismissed
with the end of the P.E.I. meetings.
No doubt Malcolm S. MacLean, president of
Hampton Institute of Virginia, shocked many
people with his statement that "American
schools have been fundamentally undemocratic."
Few people actually think of finances as the
important thing in getting an education. Ability,
they would probably agree, should come first.
But as MacLean pointed out, money is the guide
for education, and thousands of students, many
brilliant, drop out of schools each year for lack
of funds.
PROF. HOWARD Y. McCLUSKY of the educa-
tion school also pointed out a salient fact
in showing the danger of having school funds
cut to favor the armament program, and the
shutting off of academic freedom which always
comes with war emergency.
There were other speakers during the past
two days, and there will be more speakers today,
all concerning themselves seriously with various
forms ofl good citizenship. The convention ends
today-don't let the issues!
- Eugene Mandeberg

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1940
VOL. LI. No. 29
Publication in the Daily Official
Bulletin is constructive notice to all
members of the University.
Notices
President and Mrs. Ruthven will be
at home to members of the faculty
and other townspeople on Sunday,
November 3, rom 4 to 6 o'clock.
To the Members of the Faculty,
College of Literature, Scfence and
the Arts: The second regular meet-
ing of the Faculty of the College of
Literature, Science, and the Arts for
the academic session of 1940-1941
will be held in Room 1025 Angell
Hall, November, at 4:10 p.m.
The reports of the various com-
mittees, instead of being read orally
at the meeting, have been prepared
in advance and are included with this
call to the meeting. They should be
retained in your files as part of the
minutes of the November meeting,
Edward H. Kraus
AGENDA
1. Consideration of the minutes of
the meeting of October 7th, 1940
(pp. 662-676), which were distributed
by campus mail.
2. Consideration of the reports sub-
mitted with this call to the meeting.
a. Executive Committee, prepared by
Professor R. C. Angell. b. Univer-
sity Council, prepared by Professor
W. H. Worrell. c. Executive Board
of the Graduate School, prepared by
Professor C. S. Schoepfle. d. Senate
Advisory Committee on University
Affairs, prepared by Professor C. F.
Remer. e. Deans' Conference, pre-
pared by Dean E. H. Kraus.
3. Foreign books and periodicals:
Librarian W. W. Bishop.
4. College Honors Program: Asso-
ciate Professor B. D. Thuma.
5. Admission of students with ad-
vanced standing: Assistant Professor
C. M..Davis.
6. New business.
7. Announcements.
Facultyof the College of Literature,
Science, and the Arts: The five-week
freshman reports will be due Satur-
day, November 2, in the Academic
Counselors' Office, 108 Mason Hall.
Presidents of Fraternities and Sor-
orities are reminded that member-
ship lists are due at the Office of
the Dean of Students on November 5.
Women students wishing to attend
the Minnesota-Michigan football
game on November 9 are required to
register in the Office of the Dean of
Women. A letter of permission from
parents must be in this office not
later than Wednesday, November 6. If
the student does not go by train, spe-
cial permission for another mode of
tr'o~vpl mus'.t be inc~ldd in the fpar-

Theta House, 1437 Washtenaw Ave.,
is 2-4551 and not 2-4451 as printed in
the Directory.
The University Bureau of Appoint-
ments and Occupational Information
will be open to registration today and
Friday and Monday through Wed-
nesday, November 3-6 inclusive.
Blanks may be obtained at the office,
201 Mason Hall, hours: 9-12 and 2-4.
Both seniors and graduate students,
as well as staff members, are eligible
for the services of the Bureau, and
may register in the Teaching Divi-
sion, or in the General Division,
which includes registration for all
positions other than teaching. Feb-
ruary, June and August graduates
are urged to register now, as this is
the only general registration to be
held during the year and positions
are already coming in for next year.
After November 6, by the Ruling
of the Regents, there will be a late
registration fee of $1.
The Congress Co-operative House
has one vacancy for room and board
for this semester, and several vacan-
cies for board alone. Any student in-
terested phone 2-2143 or stop at the
house, 816 Tappan.
. Applications for board are being ac-
cepted at the Robert Owen Coopera-
tive House, 922 S. State St.
Alpha Lambda Delta: All money
for pins and certificates must be
given to Gertrude Inwood, 4515
Stockwell Hall, by Friday, Novem-
ber 1.
Academic ANotices
Pre-medical students, who have
signed up to take the series of apti-
tude tests, will meet Saturday, Nov-
ember 2, promptly at 1:30 p.m. in

Room 300, West Medical Building,
for the first tests.
Concerts
Faculty Concert: George Poinar,
Violinist, and Friede Schumacher,
Pianist, will present a sonata recital
as guest artists for the Faculty Con-
cert Series at 4:15 p.m. Sunday, No-
vember 3, in the Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre. No admission charge will
be made for this concert, open to
the general public, but for obvious
reasons, small children cannot be
admitted.
Lectures
'Lee Pattison, music lecturer, con-
tinues the discussion of "Problems in
Piano Pedagogy" in the Assembly
Hall of the Rackham Building, from
10:00 to 12:00 this morning. His
public University Lecture will be
given at 4:15 p.m. in the same room
on the subject, "Has America a Folk
Music." Tickets for this lecture may
be secured without cost at the School
of Music.
American Chemical Society Lec-
ture: Professor F. G. Keyes, chair-
man of the Department of Chemis-
try of Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, will give a demonstra-
tion lecture on "The Lique action of
Gases" at 4:15 p.m. today in Room
165, Chemistry Building. The meet-
ing is open to the public
Events Today
Ticket Committee of Assembly Ban-
quet will meet today at 4:30 p.m. in
the League. Attendance is compul-
sory.
Public Health Students are having
a Hallowe'en party tonight 9:00-1:00
(Continued on Page 6)

C
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The
City Editor's
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