PAGE TEN

lliH ; MlChIG)'rAN1VDAILY

*1


Whither Russia

And Spain?

THE

W EEK

IN

REVIEW

R J

FOREIGN

Interpreting
The War
News

By KARL KESSLER
Questi1onI
Marks ...
German, Spanisl ana Italian dip-
lomats scurried about Europe in ar-
moured trains again this week, leav-
ing another string of question marks
scattered about the world. The gory
march of warfare marked time, while
military chieftains turned to watch
the international diplomatic chess-
board.
Question mark number one this
week is Russia, the silent partner in
the Axis team. When first an-
nounced, the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo
pact appeared to place Silent Joe
Stalin in the Axis dog house. Fas-
cist-controlled papers immediately
showered assurances upon the' world
that the Russian Bear was coming in
for his full share, but no such en-
thusiasm for "world brotherhood"
was forthcoming from the Kremlin.
The announcement of the pact was
released in the Moscow press a day
late, and then without further com-
ment. No doubt, the situation calls
for a Ribbentrop visit to Moscow.
Question mark number two is1
again Spain's relation to Europe's
would-be masters. Last week, fascist
envoys continued to put the squeeze
play on Franco, but the result but
proved again that you can't draw
blood from a stone. There is little
doubt as to the direction of Franco's
sehtiments:, Hitler and Mussolini
are his godfathers, and Spanish sore-
spot Gibraltar belongs to England.
On the other side of the ledger,
however, Spain has all to lose by
irritating the British Lion. What
was once the land of castles and
sweet senoritas is n6 more; the once-
proud and unshirking Generalissimo
Franco is now master, of a disrupted

and prostrate land. Upon England's
commercial good-will Spain's life de-
pends, for her food bins are sadly
ransacked. By openly"joining hands
in the fascist march across Europe,
therefore, Franco would call the Brit-
ish blockade upon his head, and be-
girdled Italy and German can ill af-
ford to supplyvital materials and
foodstuffs to friend Franco. Envoy
Suner's aim, therefore, has been to
silently avow allegiance to the Axis
machine without stepping on the
British Lion's tail.
Question mark number four con-
cerns the U.S.'s role in the game of
diplomatic and impending mechan-
ized warfare. Analysts last week
widely conceded that the fascist tri-
pact was largely aimed at scaring
the U.S. out of sending further aid
to Britain. Announced Jap-spokes-
man, Prince Fumimaro Konoye:
"If the United States refuses to
understand the real intention of Ja-
pan, Germany and Italy in conclud-
ing an alliance for positive coopera-
tion in creating a new world order
and persists in challenging those
powers in the belief that the accord
is a hostile action, there will be no
other course open to it than to go to
war."
Washington, far from shirking at
the Axis blast, hinted that the move
was to have been expected.
a': ::


By KIRKE L. SIMPSON
(Associated Press Staff Writer)
Thiiteen months of up-to-date
war in Europe, leaves the question of
British sea versus German air power
unsettled; but has not changed a
fundamental concept of how landy
battles are fought and won.
It is still bayonets that win battles,I
not machines. That is the essence;
of German blitzkrieg technique, of
all military experience. The func-
tion of all other arms, from Roman
chariots to 80-ton Nazi tanks, from
rock-hurtling catapults to bomb- LEhMAN . . . Hits Willkie
dropping planes, is to help the foot-
soldiery to do its grim job. tary journal. "Militar Ochenblatt,"
The only miracle referred to by appearing in Berlin last August. Its
German experts in recounting the title is "Die Infantrie in Blitzkrie'g"
stunning victories by Hitler's armies and it came from the pen of a Ger-
from Poland to France is a miracle ( man professional soldier of rank.

AT H
By ALVIN SARASOHN
World Series
. At home this week, the Presiden-
tial campaign was still the biggest
news item, although in many of the
nation's papers it had to take second
place on the front page. The reason:
the world's biggest yearly sports
classic was on, and Mr. and Mrs.
America were more interested in
home runs than in the daily vituper-
ation of politicians, Yes, the World
Series started Wednesday between
the Cincinnati Reds and the Detroit
Tigers, and it was the first time in
several years that New York's Yank-
ees were out of the big show. It was
the Reds' pitching power and finesse
in fielding against some pretty good
Detroit pitching and a slam-bang
offense led by home run clouters
Hank Greenberg and Rudy York. As
of this morning, the Series was all
square at two games each.

STALIN .. . cut out?

.

I

A Resignation
Prime Minister Neville Chamber-
lain, once overlord of Britain's war
efforts, resigned again: this time
from a lesser post as Lord President
of the Council. Coincident with the,
retirement, Prime Minister ChurchillI
received two more recruits for hisl
famed Inner War Cabinet. The two
ministers added were big, bulky trade
union leader Ernest Bevin and long-
time Chamberlain satellite Sir King-
sley Wood.I

.
1

of training and staff precision to
achieve co-ordinated application in

WUic>

i

battle. That is the lesson of this war,

of the World War and of all previous Wendell L. Willkie talked strategy'.a
was .w it h Republican Party leaders of Th ~ ,r
Nazi militarists have noted a ten- New York yesterday while at the p
dency in German public opinion -I
which they regard as dangerous--to; other end of the Empire State Demo- The Presicential campaign waxed
expect miracles, where mechanical' cratic Attorney General Rooert H. hotter last week with the most noise
robots do the fighting, not men. Be- Jackson was accusing the Republi- arising from the remarks of Gover-
fore this writer is a translation of can nominee of "snobbery" in his nor Herbert W. Lehman of New York
an article in a Berlin technical mili- campaigning, before that state's Democratic State


German Aid

" 0 0

World Series
Vs. Politics
OME
Convention. Republican presidential
candidate Wendell L. Willkie got mad
and answered., What did Governor
democracy.
In other speeches in Michigan,
Willkie promised that, if he wer
elected, he would retain William S.
Knudsen, Sidney Hillman, Edward
Stettinius and other members of the
Roosevelt appointed National De-
fense Advisory Commission, but
would get rid of the "whole kit and
kaboodle of brain trusters who don't
know enough to get in out of the
rain and have been throwing monkey
wrenches into the American eonom-
is machinery." Anent F.D.R.'s for-
eign policy, he said that the way the
Roosevelt Administration has direct-
ed the nation's foreign relations gives
every reason for its defeat instead
of its reelection.
Defense
Said Governor Lehman: "Nothing
that could happen in the United
States could givenHitler,hMussolini,
Stalin and the Government of Japan
more satisfaction than the defeat of
the man who typifies to the whole
world the kind of free, humane gov-
ernment which dictators despise-
Franklin D. Roosevelt." This same
thought was expressed in a dispatch
to the now pro-Willkie New York
Times from its Rome correspondent,
Herbert L. Matthews, who was not
censored by the Italians. Wrote
Matthews: "The Axis is out to defeat
President Roosevelt, not as a mea-
sure of interference in the internal
policies of the United States, but
because of the President's foreign
policy and because of everything for
which he stands in the eyes of the
Italians and Germans." And this
thought was also expressed recently
by Secretary of Agriculture Wallace.
who said that the Axis powers would
welcome the election of Wendell Will-
kie.
Wilkie Gets Angry
So Willkie got iad. In a state-
ment to the press he said that "The
nnuendo of this statement is false,
malicious and subversive. I am
shocked that a man of Governor Leh-
:nan's character and responsibility
should stoop to a kind of politics
that can only jeopardize the safety
and welfare of the American people
in a critical hour.
"I stand for our democratic way
of life. And so intensely do I feel
about this that I have gone out of
my way in this campaign to give
unity to certain important aspects
of our foreign policy." Willkie also
mentioned the remarks of Wallace
and said that Wallace has since "cor-
rected" some of the impressions
which his statement had created. He
stated that "I accepted those cor-
rections, believing then as I do now,
that Mr. Wallace is a patriot and a
gentleman."
The Republican candidate contin-
ued his swing through the nation
last week as he spoke in Indiana,
Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania
within five days. At the weekend he
was back in New York to make
speeches in the East.
Republicans Warn Women
In Detroit, the Republican nom-
inee warned American women of the
danger of being relegated to the
kitchen and being regarded as breed-
ers of soldiers for aggression, not de-
fense as women now are in Germany.
He urged the women of the United

States to instill in their children
faith in the country's future by stress
on teaching them the principles on
which this nation was founded. He
warned that the women of this coun-
try should be alarmed at the growth
among .our youth of cynicism, be-
cause cynicism means loss of faith
and loss of faith means danger for
The defense program sped on its
way this week as the billion-dollar
excess profits tax and amortization
bill was sent to President Roosevelt's
desk. The House and Senate adopted
without roll-call the, compromise
measure worked out by their con-
ference committees.
The bill is planned:
To prevent a "new crop of war
millionaires" growing out of the na-
tional defense program, through a
heavy tax on excess corporate prof-
its.
To encourage the investment of
private capital in new plant facili-
ties for rearmament, through accel-
erated allowances for tax-free amor-
tization.
National Guard
To provide a system of service in-
surance for National Guardsmen and
selected service trainees now being
galled to active military duty;
through creation of a separate in-
surance fund.
To furnish an estimated added
revenue of $500,000,000 nextryear and
$ 1,000,000,000 annually thereafter to

...For Mussolinif
With winter forcing a stalemate
P invasion plans, Germany last
week turned her attention toward
the South-Gibraltar, the Balkans
and North Africa.
To map out plans of Nazi aid to
Il Duce's straggling war efforts,
Chancellor Hitler and Premier Mus-
solini again conferred at the Bren-
ner Pass to discuss military and po-
litical plans for the coming winter.
No statement on the nature of the'
meeting was forthcoming from Axis
spokesmen, but correspondents wait-
ing outside the special train noticed
that the Russian minister was con-
spicuous by his absence, indicating
that Russo-Axis relations were not
all that fascist editors claimed.
In line with the Axis conference
at Brennero, London last week an-
nounced that German Reichswehr
officers were already in "de facto"
control of Italy's drive toward Suez.
British sources also claim a diversion
of Nazi troops to join in the African
campaign.
Italian advances in North Africa
have apparently reached a stalemate
at Sidi Barrani, seventy-five miles
inside the Egyptian frontier.
Bombing
Slump...
The cross-Channel shuttle of
bombing planes, though far decreas-
ed in intensity last week, continuedr
to wreak havoc and suffering on both
sides of the English Moat.
Fewer raiders were reported in the
London area. and bomb-shelter

:: ;~nr :.. '

THE FABULOUS land of Brazily
sprawls just below the equator
over an area even greater than that
of the United States. Brazil is a
part of the western hemisphere, of
course, but by steamer Brazil's me-
tropolis, Rio de Janeiro, is 12 days
from New York and only 10 days
from Gibraltar to Rio.
Perhaps that accounts in part for
some of the interest centered now
in this largest of our southern "good

HE map gives you a few of the
impressions that an energetic
traveler might gain by months of
journeying by steamer, rail, auto and
horseback. Today, however, one could
traverse much of this wide land by
American planes that link South
America with the United States.
All Brazil is divided in three parts.
FIRST THERE IS
THE. AMAZON VALLEY.

dustry flourished until energetic Brazil. Its altitude counteracts the
Europeans transplanted trees to the tropic sun and much of it is a pleas-
East Indies and grew rubber even ant land indeed. Snow falls on occas-
cheaper. Myriad other trees also grow ion in the south.
in the valley, forming the world's On these highlands Brazil grows3
largest, densest rain forest. The damp coffee to supply the world. Also shej
heat is enervating, but experts say raises great herds of livestock as well
the white man's health -can be pre- as cotton, cocoa, corn, and many
served there as well as under con- another crop. It is said that she can
trolled conditions along the Panama; grow practically any food on earth
canal. Most of the present residents but that only 3 per cent of her arable
of the valley are Indians. soil is cultivated.

some of the unworked iron
lies close to the surface
the greatest undeveloped
known anywhere.
ANY factors draw Brazi
the United States. Th
course has severed normal4
itcations with her two best

i
ore that
nearby-
deposits

1 close to
e war of
commun-
European

customers, Germany and Great Brit-
ain. As a result her trade with the

I