I~ THE MICHIGAN DAILY FRIDAY, MAY 16, 1941 HE MICHIGAN DAILY Letters To The Editor Wagner's Influence On Hitler. I!>-.C, =" N . f r As Others See It..-. Writer Cites Hitler's References In 'Mein Kampf' To Decline Of Hapsburg Empire In Terms Of The Drama Of Richard Wagner; Queries, Will Hitler's End Be Similar To Siegfried's Robert L. Jacobs in Music And Letters Edited and managed by students of the University of [ichigan under the authority of the Board in Control f Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the niversity year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the se for republication of all news dispatches credited to tr notrotherwise credited in this newspaper. All ights of republication of all other matters herein also eserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mail matter. Subscriptions during the regular school year by ;arrier $4.00, by mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVERTIsING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publisbers Representative 420 MADtsoN A VE. NEW YORK. N. Y. CHICAGO *"BOSTON *"LOS ANGELES *"SAN FRANCISCO !ember, Associated Collegiate Press, 1940-41 Karpinski Asks The Daily THE CITY OF ANN ARBOR has considerable interest and so indeed has the Eastern half of Michigan in the matter of the gas rates and the proper treatment' thereof by the Michigan Public Service Commission, particularly since the introduction of natural gas. I have appeared frequently in the public interest before the Michigan Public Service Commission or its pre- decessors in the recent Detroit forum, etc., on the matter of utility rates. So far as the Ann Arbor News in concerned in the present discussion of gas rates as in general in the past on similar matters, all of vital concern to the city of Ann Arbor, this journal (Ann Arbor News) has chosen to keep the public in ignorance of such activities. Under the circumstances, it seems that it is the clear duty of the Michigan Daily to serve the interests of the Ann Arbor public which are involved, by a simple presentation of the matters which are now before the Governor. AS A PROFESSOR in this University who be- lieves that the primary duty of the University is to serve the public. I request you to examine the communication that was sent to the governor and that you make such excerpts from it as to indicate to the many readers of your paper who use gas for cooking and even heating that efforts are being made to reduce these rates. In the future this matter may well come before the Ann Arbor Common Council when it will doubt- less again be necessary to appeal to your journal as the only means to reach the Ann Arbor public. Assuring you of my very sincere appreciation, - Louis C. Karpinski Editoral Staff Mile Gele . , Ebert Speckhard bert P. Blaustein vid Lachenbruch rnard Dober'., vin Dann I Wilson thur Hill . . et Hi.tt -ace Miller Managing Editor Editorial Director . . . City Editor . .Associate Editor Associate Editor Associate Editor .. . . Sports Editor Assistant Sports Editor Women's Editor Assistant Women's Editor niel H. Huyett tnes B. Collins uise Carpenter elyn Wright Business Stafff . . . Business Manager . . Assistant Business Manager Women's Advertising Manager Women's Business Manager Cbe NIGHT EDITOR: BARBARA JENSWOLD i -I The editorials published in The Michi- gan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. ,i ,o Can Send Boy To Camp ESTERDAY'S Detroit Free Press car- ried a picture on the back page: a simple picture, of a young boy sitting in a prison cell. "Twelve - and life in prison." It's boys like these that you will be asked to help today, when student volunteers will can- vass the campus in the annual University Fresh , Air Camp Tag0 Day. For with the funds collected. today, and with. other voluntary contributions, collected during the year, 300 boys of Ann Arbor, Detroit, Jackson and Flint will be given a four weeks' vacation at the Fresh Air Camp on the shores of Lake Patterson. More than just the vacation, though, these boys will be given guidance and counsel, the advice and aid of those experienced in solving the problems of young boys. After they leave the camp next August, these counsellors will con- tinue to keep in touch with them, give them help throughout the year. And from it all - part of the return you will get for your nickel or dime today - will come better citizens, happier boys. FRESH AIR CAMP TAG DAY today: the day to help the "little boy on the diving board." You and I can help by doing very little. Lets help out, what do you say? -Bill Baker RobetS.Attew WASHINGTON - According to best diplo- matic advices available here, it seems probable than Rudolf Hess will be able to give the British almost no Nazi military secrets. NSIDE EXPLANATION of his weird airplane flight to Scotland is that Hess had repeated- ly warned Hitler against a policy of trying fo conquer the whole world. This caused a break between him and der Fuehrer, and Hess had been under suspicion for some time. According to uncensored diplomatic dispatches, there has been a growing rift between the leaders who built up the Nazi political organization and the army leaders who built up the German military machines. The politicians staged the revolution and made a big army possible; but now the army is in the saddle and plans to stay there. 9,000,000 German Soldiers TODAY in Germany 9,000,000 men are under arms. These men see less and less of Hitler, more and more of their own officers. Their victories are not, victories based on propaganda or politics but on efficient organization and a cold-blooded military machine. Into this new evolution of German leadership Hitler has fitted very, very comfortably. He was the first to see Germany's need of a big army, and he is 100 per cent with the army today.. If he wasn't, it probably would not matter to the new leaders, but that exigency hasn't arisen as yet. Goering, born of Junker caste and trained to be an officer, also fits neatly into the shifted picture. But Rudolf Hess did not. He and some of the other political leaders did not envisage a war to conquer the world, but only domination of the continent and semi-part- nership with England regarding other parts of the globe. They have had doubts about internal poli- tical sentiment if the German people were pushed too far. Germany has undergone enough hard- ships since 1914, they argued, and there is no need to conquer the world. would constitute a real and dangerous threat to the British eastern lifeline. China must now depend almost entirely on American aid, both materially and technically. Russian advisors have been leaving Chungking since the pact with Japan was signed, and now only 11 of the 37 technicians are still in China. Along with muntions, the United States has stabilized the currency and through this, raised the cost of living in Japanese occupied China. ALL OF THIS adds up to show that America is aiding Britain by sending munitions and money over the Pacific, as well as the Atlantic Ocean. Those who want to stop U. S. aid to China and concentrate all their efforts on send- ing material to England, and England alone, will be in reality fighting their own cause. As long as China keeps Japan fully occupied, the eastern lifeline is comparatively safe. If Japan can make a peace- in the Orient, the British will have to concentrate a much larger portion of their fleet in the Pacific, away from convoy and patrol duty. England is having more than enough trouble now keeping the Atlantic lanes open to commerce. Cutting down on the western fleet might well mean disaster. L1.awrn a njr hrw Flying Students AFTER READING the editorial of May 15, 1941, written by Mr. Dan Behrman on the subject " of the local Civilian Pilot Training Program losing its perfect record over a two year period u in the last month, I feel that it is the duty f of someone deeply interested in the subject tov inform you of the underlying causes that haves led to the shameful record demonstrated duringE the past six weeks. I hardly believe that thev calibre of the students taking the CPT coursev now is any lower than the calibre of thosed who have successfully completed the course prev- ious to this semester's group. However, I can def-Y initely show you that the calibre at the Uni- versity of Michigan is definitely lower thanr it has been in the past, and that the students therefore should not be blamed for the mishaps that have occurred to the extent which your1 article states. Now let us examine why the calibre" of instructors should be lower than it has been.1 First of all, instructors at the Ann Arbor Air- port are underpaid as compared to other op-x erators throughout the country who are payingt their instructors considerably more. For this reason, Ann Arbor Air Service has been getting a practically complete turnover of instructors every six months with the exception of two or three. These instructors are going to other schools and flying services where they are paid consider- ably better. Now who are filling these vacancies? Instructors who have just completed the refresher instructor courses at the refresher schools. In- structors who have just the bare minimum for a commercial license, 200 hours in the air. Instruc- tors who are inexperienced in teaching ,and who are not desired by the better flying schools until they have proven their worth by completing one or two programs. Now why should the Uni- versity of Michigan,, one of the nation's leading universities, foremost in Aeronautical Engineer- ing and the Champions of the Nation in Inter- collegiate Flying Contests, be subjected as a prov- ing ground for instructors in flying who are teching a course which at its best is filled with incipient dangers? WdULD like to take exception to a state- ment made in the article. You state that "student error was also responsible for the only mishap, a badly misjudged field approach dur- ing forced landing instruction." Certainly stu- dent error was responsible for picking a poor field. But you did not say that there was an instructor in the 'plane who, by the way, was teaching his first group of students, had just over 200 hours in the air, who has since then been dropped as a CPT instructor because of his rec- ord, who should have been on the ball and not let the ship get down so close to a field so as to be unable to clear the fence on the uphill side. Students are always going to make errors in judgment, but it is the duty of the instructor to correct these errors during the dual periods so that when the student solos he will be reason- ably assured that he will get around the field and back again in one piece. YOU SAY that last Saturday two ships collided on the field. Yes, they collided. One was fifty feet in the air with a solo student, stalled and spun'in on top of another one off the runway. There is no excuse for a student climbing a ship so steeply after a takeoff that he should stall and spin in. Apparently some of the instruc- tors think this is good technique. I have undertaken to write this letter, for I . feel that life is at stake among the student fly- ers here and that something should be done by the University authorities to improve the flight program here. - A Flight Instructor with 1 and 2s ratings - both Primary and Secondary Instructor's ratings. Government Acts T eo Check Subversive Activities * * OFFICIALS in the United States have been moving on at least three fronts in recent weeks against alleged subversive activities, be- -ieved to be Communist-inspired. Most conspicuous is the presentation of testi- mony in the deportation hearings against Harry Bridges, alien West Coast labor leader, in San Francisco. Concurrent in part were the hearings of the Rapp-Coudert committee of the New York State Legislature, investigating asserted Com. munist influences in New York City schools. MEANWHILE appears word that authorities in Oklahoma are proceeding with trials of ten Communists charged with violation of a crininal syndicalism statute of that State. Americans naturally wish to maintain the maximum possible freedom of speech. Yet there are positions of trust, notably in the teaching profession, which require that a puplic servant confine himself to dealing with facts rather than opinion and that, in particular he should not undermine the loyalty of children to the State which pays his salary. -- The Christian Science Monitor The Jackal's Bare Bone The Yugoslavia created by the first World War and now again by the German army comprises three territories-Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. Of them, Slovenia was the smallest, the poorest and the least important. As Italy shared the Yugoslav spoils, Hitler has now awarded to her a slice of Slovenia, adjacent to her border, includ- inrfh malnit o ihin ,, a_ . pm.nvfas I RECOGNIZE IN WAGNER my only predecessor ... I regard him as a supreme prophetic figure.": these words of Hitler's to Rauschnigg recorded in the latter's amous, book "Hitler Speaks" are perhaps thought pro- voking. One knows, of course, that Hitler was a pas- sionate Wagnerian, that he fauned upon the opera at Beyreuth and Nuremberg, and wallowed in the prose- works, but not that he actually claims a kind of affinity with Wagner. Wagner was -after all primarily a music- dramatist: his philosophical and other. opinions-his Aryanism, his anti-Semitism, his vegetarianism- however sympathetic, were incidental. Could there be some factor at work in Hitler's mind here which has not been sufficiently appreciated. Another Factor I ,AM EMBOLDENED TO SUGGEST that this might be the case by a passage I came across recently in Konrad Heiden's well-known "History of National So- cialism." Having exhaustively described the frightening ramifications of the National Socialist system of poli- tics, economics, administration, education, Heiden stops suddenly, and asks: "What is the purpose of it2 all?" Casting around for an answer he says this: "It is un- deniable that the National Socialists . . . set in motion mighty physical and mental forces. But these mighty forces were turned inwards upon themselves and not directed against externals . . . The deeds of this Na- tionalism, whose admiring gaze is always turned upon itself only affect its own inner nature." Thislast sen- tence -is dangerous writing, perhaps (or dangerous translation): deeds must in the nature of the case affect more than the doer's "own inner nature," some- thing in the world outside. Heiden's meaning, I take it, is that in the case of the Nazis they do so only inci- dentally since the "mighty physical and mental forces" which they expressed are turned "inwards upon them- selves"; in other words, then, the fundamental motive of their deeds is not this or that external material gain to be achieved by them but just the tremendous intoxi- cation of doing them. It is, one might put it, not a ra- tional, but a dramatic motive. Turned To Mein Kampf THIS STARTED A TRAIN OF THOUGHT in my mind; I turned to 'Mein Kampf' and discovered therein two relevant passages. The first refers to what Hitler considers to be the root cause of Germany's disaster in the first World War, the alliance with the racially degenerate Hapsburg Empire. This matter, the keystone of his historical argument, Hitler describes in terms of Wagnerian drama, thus: "It was the fan- tastic idea of a Nibelungen alliance with the decom- posed body of the Hapsburg state that brought about i Germany's ruin." His reference is plain: whereas Wag- ner's Wotan destroyed himself by stealing and barter- ing the ill-gotten Nibelungen hoard, Germany destroyed herself by going to still greater lengths, "by the fan- tastic idea" of allying herself with an Empire ridden by Nibelung-Jews, Serbs, Hungarians, Czechs, Croats . The second passage refers to the first triumph of the pioneer German Worder's party, later the National Socialist Party: the mass meeting in the Munich Hof- brauhaus in 1920. It occurs, as is fitting, in the perora- tion to the first part of the book entitled 'A Retro- spect' and runs thus: "A fire was kindled from whose glowing heat the Sword would be fashioned which would restore freedom to the German Siegfried and bring back life to the German Nation." Metaphorical Passages I SUGGEST that these two passages (there are others one could quote) are more than metaphorical, that they are symptomatic of the state of mind Heiden de- scribes, which Wagner perhaps played an important part in creating. Wagner's achievement--one may call' it the crowning achievement of German musical and literary romanticism-was to put on the stage and set to great music a mythology, the embodiment of a peo- pIe's deepest loves and hates and fears; to fashion a magic mirror of legend and epic through which men could behold their inmost selves. It is as if the reflec- tion were too much for the imaginative, hot-blooded, ruthless German temperament worked upon by the catastrophe of 1918 and the post-war years. Bedazzled, Hitler, and his hypnotized followers after him, have dreamt themselves through the Wagnerian lgoking- glass.mThey have become lunatics at large. The world they rove is limelight-flooded, they are gods, they are heroes, and the others are Nibelungs to be enslaved, chastised, killed. Thus they commit their unspeakable crimes through eyes shining with self-love. Therefore Hitler calls Wagner his "only predecessor," and "a supreme prophetic figure." Wagner was his kindred spirit, his forerunner, his John the Baptist. Wagner portrayed what he, Hitler, a greater than Wag- ner, was to translate into reality. INCIDENTALLY, I wonder if Hitler in a sane moment reflects .on the finale of Wagner's drama. His Sieg- fried was stabbed in the back ("as the Jews stabbed the German Army in .the back in 1918"-vide 'Mein Kampf') but no second Siegfried rose to avenge him; his fate enslaved in a Gottedampnierung. That."Gotte- dammerung," which is the crowning point of Wagner's masterpiece, indicates nothing if not the tragerly which heroes, who conquer dragons only for the joy, of con- quering them, bring-tragedy for the hero himself and (thereon lies the supreme pity) for countless others. I DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN -.eT Aid To China Helps British FRIDAY, MAY 16, 1941 VOL. LI. No. 161 Publication in the Daily official Bulletin is constructive notice to all mnembers of the University. Notices Note to Seniors, June Graduates. and Graduate Students: Please file appli- cation for degrees or any special cer- tificates (i.e. Geology Certificate, Journalism Certificate, etc.) at once if you expect to receive a degree or certificate at Commencement in June. We cannot guarantee that the University will confer a degree or certificate at Commencement upon any student who fails to file such ap- plication before the close of business on Wednesday, May 21. If applica- tion is received later than May 21, your degree or certificate may not be awarded until next fall. Candidates for degrees or certifi- cates may fill out cards at once at office of the secretary or recorder of their own school or college (students enrolled in the College of Literature, Science and the Arts, College of Arch- itecture and Design, School of Music, School of Education, and School of Forestry and Conservation, please, note that application blanks may be obtained and filed in the Registrar's Office, Room 4, University Hall). Please do not delay until the last day, as more than 2,500 diplomas and certificates must be lettered, signed, and sealed and we shall be greatly helped in this work by the early filing of applications and the resulting longer period for prepara- tion. The filing of these applications does not involve the payment of any fee whatsoever. Shirley W. Smith To the Members of the University Senate: The second regular meeting of the University Senate will be held on Monday, May 19, at 4:15 p.m. in the Rackham Lecture Hall. AGENDA: 1. Questions concerning (the codifi- cation of the By-Laws of the Board of Regents raised in a request from several members for a special meet- ing. 2. Hospitalization Plan, Vice-Presi- dent S. W. Smith. 3. New Education Fellowship, Vice- President C. S. Yoakum. 4. Statistics on Enrollment, Regis- trar I. M. Smith. Louis A. Hopkins, Secretary ately after the Commencement Ex- ercises or at the University Business Office within three business days after Commencement will be mailed C.O.D. The mailing cost will be ap- proximately 30c for the larger sized rolled diplomas and 45c for the book form. Will each graduate, therefore, be certain that e the Diploma Clerk has his correct mailing address to insure' delivery by mail. The U.S. Mail Service will, of course, return all diplomas which cannot be delivered. Because of adverse conditions abroad, foreign students should leave ad- dresses in the United States, if pos- sible, to which diplomas may be mailed. It is preferred that ALL diplomas be personally called for. Herbert G. Watkins, Assistant Secretary School of Education Faculty: The May faculty meeting will be held Monday noon, May 19, at the Michi- gan Union. Engineering Seniors: If you are ex- pecting to graduate in June, 1941, you should fill out the Diploma Applica- tion in the Secretary's office, Room 263 West Engineering Building, not, later than May 21. No fee is required. Graduation may be delayed if the ap- plication is late. C. B. Green, Assistant Secretary Senior Literary Students: It is urged that all senior Literary stu- dents wishing caps and gowns for Swing Out place their orders as soon as possible. It will be impossible to fill orders unless sufficient time is given. No deposit is required on placing order. '41 Literary Cap and Gown Committee German Departmental Library: All books due Saturday, May 24. Summer Work, Sales: Several com- panies have good sales jobs available for the summer and, are interested in interviewing men on campus in the near future. Will students who are interested please get in touch with the Bureau+ of Appointments, 201 Mason Hall, at once. w The University Bureau of Appoint- ments and Occupational Information has received notice of the following Detroit Civil Service Examinations. Last date for filing applications is noted in each case: Swimming Instructor, salary $1860, June 2, 1941. Senior Personalty Appraiser, salary $3,120, June 2, 1941. Junior Personalty Appraiser, sal- ary $2,580, June 2, 1941. Senior Technical Clerk, salary $1,- 860, June 2, 1941. Public Health Nurse, Grade 1, sal- ary $1,560, June 3, 1941. (Residence rule waived). Senior Industrial Hygiene Aid, sal- ary $2,160, May 21, 194L (Residence rule waived). Complete announcement on file at the Bureau, 201 Mason Hall. Office hours: 9-12 and 2-4. Bureau of Ap- pointments and Occupatignal Infor- mation. Academic N otices Bacteriology Seminary, Monday, May 19, at 8:00 p.m. in Room 1564 East Medical Building. Subject: "Re- version and Type (Transformation of the Pneumococcus." All interested are invited. Biological Chemistry Seminwr, will be held Saturday, May 17, at 10:00 a.m. in Room 319 West Medical Building. ,The subject to be discussed is "The Biological Synthesis of Poly- saccharides-Starch and Glycogen." All interested are invited. Anthropology 32 will meet today. Anthropology 152 will not meet to- day. Doctoral Examination for Mr. James Oliver Brown, Anatomy; The- sisl: "The Mesencephalic Tegmental Nuclei of Certain Carnivores," today at 3:30 p.m., in 3502 East Medical Bldg. Chairman, B. M. Patten. Doctoral Examination for Mr. Wil- liam Ira Cargo, Political Science; Thesis: "Arab and Jewish Mandate Rights in Palestine under the Peel Plan and the White Paper of May, 1939," today at 3:00 p.m., in the East Council Room, Rackham Building. Chairman, H. B. Calderwood. Doctoral Examination for Mr. Ivor Schilansky, Mathematics; Thesis: "On Generalized Zeta Functions and Their Associated Lattice Point Prob- lems," today at 3:00 p.m., in the West Council Room, Rackham Building. Chairman, J. D. Elder. Doctoral Examination for Mr. Tool Xoomsai, Psychology; Thesis: "Meas- urement of Emotional Reactions,' to- day at 3:00 p.m., in the East Confer- ence Room, Rackham Building. Chairman, H. F. Adams. Cause ... ITH THE CONSTANT agitation and bicktering going on over aid to Bri- tain and the question of convoys, United States aid to China has been pushed into the back- ground. But that aid is still being sent to warring China, and it is proving effective, so effective that the Japanese are becoming seriously con- cerned over it. Primarily through American made munitions and the stamina of the Chinese, the war is being continued. By their own admission, the Japanese would like to bring the "China incident" to a rapid con- clusion. As long as Japan is tied up in a war with China, they cannot aid the Axis materially. Once peace -or a semblance of peace - is established ink the Orient, Nippon will be free to concentrate on the British and Dutch posses- sions in the South Pacific. Since a large portion of English supplies come from the Dutch Indies and through Singapore, any aid which Japan can render to Germany by stopping or hindering the shipping of supplies through the Suez Canal would help the Nazi cause tremendously. EVEN THOUGH Japan capnot offer the Axis actual fighting aid while the war in China goes on, they are still a factor to be reckoned with