THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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JIM MIC-HIGAIN DAILY

Farewell To Radicalism

Edited and tmanaged by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
of Student Publications.,
Published every morning except Monday during the
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Editorial Staff

Hervie Haufler .
Alvin Sarasohn. .
Paul M. Chandler
Karl Kessler
Milto Orshefsky
Howard A. Goldman
Laurence Mascott
Donald Wirtchafter
Rsther Osser.
Helen Cormanj .

. . . Managing Editor
* . Editorial Director
S. . . City Editor
. . . Associate Editor
. . . Associate Editor
. . . Associate Editor
* * . Associate Editor
Sports Editor
. . . .Women's Editor
. . . Exchange Editor

Business Stafff
Business Manager .
Assistant Business Manager
Women's Business Manager
Women's Advertising Manager

Irving Guttman
Robert Gilmour
Helen Bohnsack
Jane Krause

NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT SPECKHARD
The editorials published in The Michi-
gan Daily are written by members of The
Daily staff and represent the views of the
writers only.
The Alien Problem
And Government .
A TWORNEY-GENERAL ROBERT
JACKSON does not believe in "send-
ing them back where they came from." In a
comprehensive letter to the House Judiciary
Committee, he has proposed a sensible govern-
ment policy towards the alien problem which is
daily growing in complexity.
On one hand there are the congressmen who
find aliens behind every fifth column, and on
the other there is the impossible transportation
situation. As Mr. Jackson stated, "A grave
question arises as to whether the extraordinary
dangers of the high seas do not make deporta-
tion a sort of contingent sentence of death." It
would be incongruous for the last outpost of
democracy to flood the world with thousands
of homeless men and women, whose only crime
was ignorance of our entry laws.
THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY-GENER-
AL set forth two plans for the handling of
these people. Crininal aliens are to be held in
custody pending deportation, while an inde-
pendent board would be created to validate the
entrance of aliens who would have been de-
ported because of defective papers. Since many
nations have now- set up barriers against de-
portees, the United States would only appear
ridiculous in trying to deport people who could
not return to their original countries.
Mr. Jackson's plan is a step forward, and it
shows an admirable turn away from the pure-
bred American factions, who are too well repre-
sented in our government. However, he has
glossed over voluntary naturalization of aliens,
explaining that the Immigration and Natural-
ization Services are a year behind at present.
The Attorney-General must realize that his
plan, with all its clear-cut virtues, is only an-
other "duration" move. The final solution to
the alien question cannot be made on a halfway
basis. Either the Immigration Service must be
expanded so as to accommodate the thousands
of sincere aliens who desire citizenship, or our
government should let contracts for electrically
charged barbed wire fences, Aliens seeking
refuge here deserve some of the sentiment and
good will.that we are now loading onto Britain-
bourd cargo boats
--Dan Behrman
Best Wishes To
The Cooperative League ..
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO TODAY
representatives of 12 small coopera-
tive societies from New England and the Atlantic
states and a number of enthusiastic individuals
met in the Brooklyn home of Dr. James P. War-
basse and formed the Cooperative League of
America.
The Cooperative League was not the first at-
tempt at bringing together the many scattered
and varied attempts at cooperative organization
throughout the country, but it has grown down
through the years since 1916 into a flourishing
manifestation of the strength of cooperative
ideals and practices.

Note: Although it is The Daily's policy to limit
the length of editorial communications, the editors
feel that Mr. White, who is a member of the Univer-
sity's English department, has written particularly
well on a subject with which many Americans
have been concerned during the past several months.
We publish his article herewith as a guest editorial.
By FREDERIC R. WHTE
I AM GETTING a little bored with the continual
attacks upon radicalism. They are so unnec-
essary. Granted that every mass movement
needs a scapegoat, why flay one that is so odor-
iferously deceased? Not a bare handful of radi-
cals are still so subversive as to desire a good
society. Most of them are happily engaged in
urging others to enlist, in organizing meetings
to declare war on Penguin Island, or in looking
forward brightly to the time when we shall
march with the American Way to all the corners
of the earth. Our mighty nation has once more
shaken itself awake, offered its dispossessed a
gun and uniform, and prepared to spread its
colossal and stupendous civilization from Borneo
to Biscay..
What more can the patriots desire? Aren't most
of the former radicals in there, grunting and
sweating to make things move faster and faster?
Why, then, the attacks on the pitiful handful
of bewildered radicals who remain too blind or
too stupid to change their coats overnight?
Even these few will soon abjure their sins and
get worked up to the proper maniac pitch. It is
not necessary to beat them with the flag, to
remind them that Shakespeare was an English-
man, or to ask them what they would do if their
sister were raped. They'll come around, because
radicalism is no longer necessary.
A RADICAL used to be a man who tried to
get to the "roots" of a problem. Few of
us held a free ticket as a fellow-traveler or
saw the color of Moscow gold. We did see
a civilization without culture, a spurious
political franchise founded upon economic
slavery; an equality consisting of the great-
est extremes of riches and poverty, of in-
solent power and hopeless degradation, of
wanton lawlessness and illegal punishment
that the world has known. We saw five-
sixths of the nation dispossessed of all but
their debts, yet lulled with words about the
"sanctity of . private property." We saw
three-fourths of the nation receiving less
than subsistence wages, but fed with
speeches about the "world's highest standard
of living." We saw the outcast and the
homeless, the starving and the sick and the
jobless comforted with talk about the "land
of opportunity." We saw in the wealthiest
nation of the world the worst phases of all
preceding civilizations: man was again a
nomad but without companions and without
a flock.
Man would gladly have been a helot, but
he looked in vain for a master to buy his
starving carcase. Man was again a dweller
in imperial Rome, but without citizenship,
without circuses, without bread. Man was
again a brutalized serf, but bound to no do-
main, protected by no baron. The American
Way was not then thought worthy to be
offered to all the world as a panacea, for
here men died of their diseases while doctors
cursed their enforced idleness, and men
fought at garbage pails while grocery stores
went into bankruptcy. Even men who were
not radicals began to think that sopmething
was wrong. Few were the people who would
have recommended our way of life as a solu-
tion for the world's ills. It needed too many
repairs.
THE YARDSTICK of the radical, and his only
hope for the future, was the Common Man.
As an abstraction it had as much meaning as
our present terms, "preparedness," "defense,"
and other euphemisms for aggression, though it
didn't lend itself so easily to hysteria and hero-
ics. The radical used to think that the common
man didn't have much in common with Big
Business and its satellite, Government. The
common man was there to take it on the chin,
and, through long practice, he had become
pretty adept at the game.
In the transition from an agricultural to an
industrial society his real standard of living had
gone down, his independence had become a
coarse jest, his culture, consisting of jerry-built

houses, of shiny pieces of tin on four wheels,
and of radios wherefrom he might hear his mas-
ter's voice, was sold to him by means of monthly
payments which it was never intended that he
should meet. And he didn't. The American doc-
trine of Bigness had, by concentrating all the
means of production in the hands of the more
rapacious and unscrupulous, quite effectively
dispossessed the common man. From then on,
he could play the game according to their rules,
or stay out in the cold.
Government, by means of florid Fourth of
July speeches and periodic appeals to patriotism,
had effectively befogged any attempts at re-
among a steadily growing body of consumers
conscious of their individually powerless position.
During the early days of the depression the
message of cooperation that the League is con-
stantly advancing formed the inspiration for the
cooperative enterprises that gave many destitute
individuals a new lease and hope in life. Miners
who had been at the mercy of the company,
store pooled their meager resources and organ-
ized a general store of their own that would serve
all fairly and equally. Other consumers, in not so
desperate a situation, formed cooperative stores
of their own, enabling them to raise their livingj
standard and protect themselves against the
incidence of the NRA nrice-fixing policies. On

form. It provided the necessary cloak of con-
fusion behind which Bigness could continue its
work of expropriation without interruption from
its victims. Meanwhile, as the common man
tramped from town to town looking for work, he
saw huge gleaming billboards by the highways:
"What's good for business is good enough for
you!"
Yet, oddly enough, he still believed in democ-
racy. Democracy, he reflected, would probably
be a good thing if only we could get a little of it!
Along with the radical he began to see that
political democracy without economic democ-
racy was a body without a soul, a walking corpse.
In Flint, for example, the strikers had the temer-
ity to speak of a "property right" in their jobs.
Government and Business quickly put a stop to
that! Property is not-for the common man; he'd
only abuse it. But the common man was waking
up . . . Fortunately, the War came along.
NOT EVEN A RADICAL can afford to
sneer at a nice long war. Profits go up
and the business man smiles affably. Em-
ployment doubles and the laborer can have
a radio in each of his two rooms. Everyone
has something to hate and therefore some-
thing to live for. People who never before
heard of the common man can now yell at
him from platforms, take picture of him in
uniform, cheer for him as he shoulders the
American Way and bears it into less happy
countries. The common man comes into his
own. As a teacher, he colleet tinfoil, ad-
dresses Women's Home Defense Leagues,
and writes virile letters about "The Great
Adventure of War."
As a factory hand, he is suavely ushered
back into the factory that he has not seen
for the last ten years. As a CCC boy, pre-
viously buried in the back woods, he is urged
to shoulder a gun and get hep to the Ad-
vantages of America. Even as a farmer,
the common man is patted on the back and
urged to Sow for Safety. It's all very thrill-
ing, and he would indeed be a recalcitrant
radical who, perceiving how the common
man gets it in the neck during peace, should
begrudge him his brief day of glory before
he dies.
It is true that our society is no better
fitted now than it was before to be carried
across various oceans and forcefully thrust
upon the backward nations of the earth, but
what of it? It is true that the common man
will have no place to lay his head after the
war is over, that his few possessions will
have Ieen dispersed, that his jb will have
been given to a newly-invented machine,
that Business and Government will have
devised new and curious taxes for him to
pay, and that his few shreds of political
democracy will have become more thread-
bare,-but what of 10 i'long as War lasts
the system will work. It only breaks down
in the unfortunate times of peace. The huge,
unwieldy structure that before failed to pro-
vide the common man with either bread or
beauty can in war easily produce enough
food, clothing, shelter, and guns and coffins
for everyone. And so the common man
marches proudly off to the classroom, the
factory, the farm, or the draft office to do,
as he has always done, his best. His going
leaves the radical a little lonely, for his role
is finished. The lights go out and so do the
audience, and he is left alone in the theatre,
a little bewildered, a little tired, a little
ridiculous ~ - -
[HE CHARGE IS MADE that the few remain-
ing radicals are apathetic and disillusioned,
that they do not believe in the virtues of democ-
racy, the nobility of war, or the glory of self-
sacrifice. I have not met any radicals lately,
but I fancy that the charges are unjust. I think
they are glad to see the common man welcomed
back into society. I think they are glad-to see
unemployment and poverty, disease and distress
eliminated. I think they are glad to see the
economic system functioning. Perhaps they
are so treasonous as to wonder why it functions
only when directed toward butchery and blood-
shed, but, if so, they keep their mouths shut.

But I grow tedious, and I am already late for
a meeting on Democracy Marches On, or Guns
Across the Sea.
S

Cl~ie
OarePe"
Rdbert $.Afls
WASHINGTON-Only a few high-
up officials realize it, but in the rush
of getting aid to Britain, one of
the most essential defense problems
is being sadly neglected-the state
of mind of the new draft soldiers
and of their families back home.
The new draft army is better
housed, better fed, and better clothed
than during the last war. But 'as
yet there has been no concerted at-
tempt to build the most important
essential-morale. And no army is
worth anything without espirit de
corps.
While the draft act was being de-
bited in Congress last summer, cer-
tain high War Department officials
pointed to the danger of drafting
men before the Army was ready to
train them. Idle men, or even semi-
idle men, quickly go to seed. They
have to be moulded, imbued with the
spirit of service.
What these officers feared is now
actually happening in some camps.
There are several reasons.
Lack Of Officers
One is the lack of sufficient of-
ficer personnel. You can't train an
army without officers, and officers
can't be trained in a few weeks. Some
of the reserve officers who have been
called to ,active duty are excellent,
but some are just the opposite.
Nothing chafes the buck more than
to serve under an incompetent officer,
especially when many of the drafted
men left good jobs which were paying
them more than the salaries of the
officers frorg whom they have to
take orders.
There is also a scarcity of high-
calibre non-commissioned officers;
and some , of the sergeants trans-
ferred from Panama and the Regular
Army have not been too adept at
handling raw draftees.
Equally important has been the
neglect of the morale or spiritual side
of army life. Some camps are better
than others, but in many of them the
men are given little to do in the eve-
nings. There is hardly any of the mu-
sic, theatrical performances, lectures
and high-type entertainment which
featured cantonment life during the
last war.
How 7 Billions Were OK'd

Letters o The Editor
National e~f ease ni the public's needs. This is un-
derstandable in part. Labor speeds
Every man-hours of work and ev- its campaign in fear of a post-war
ery piece of machinery at the coun- depression. Capital wants surplus re-
try's command is essential now to the serves to protect itself in the post
defense program. Yet the Office of war readjustment when it shall find
Production Management reports that itself with idle plant capacity.
fifty per cent of this country's ma- Therefore I think the government
chine tools either are idle or working should now intervene. Compulsory
less than eight hours a day. On the cooling off periods should be required
other side of the fence, strikes in na- before labor can strike against na-
tional defense industries are begin- tional defense. Jurisdictional strikes
ning to gather into ominous propor- should be outlawed. Recalcitrant in-
tions. Last week alone 960,000 man dustries should be taken over. Nation-
hours were lost because of strikes. wide dismissal wage plans, building
APOLOGISTS for both groups are programs, tax policies and the like
APOOITS fcorn bth gropsre should now be planned as a method
quick to discount the importance of cushioning the country, against
of these early barometer readings.sh the economic effect of wholesale lay-
Labor says, "look to the records, we offs that are expected to follow the
have fewer strikes today than incomplth tee ese rogram.
1917." In the abstract one would completion of the defense program.
think that a forceful argument for AND ABOVE ALL the blind parti-
non:governmental interference with sans of both labor and capital
the right to strike, should drop their differences in a
But does it tell the whole story? united drive to make America and the
I think not. To illustrate with two Democracies strong enough to rid
examples: the employes of the U.S. the world of the curse of Nazism and
Cyclops Company struck. The strike Communism.
here would seem to be insignificant. -Fred Niketh, '41L
of the fuses for armaments are made Better Or Best?
in this plant. Another strike was con-
ducted at one of the units which is Congratulations to Preston Slosson
one of our few effective producers on putting across a vital ,point. El
of gun powder. Sereno should see more light after
Slosson's for-all-practical-purposes
THESE two cases ilustrate the folly refutation of his dogmatic statement.
in blind adherence to statistical The evil acts of our imperfect demo-
facts without an attempt to break cracy are not far enough distin-
them down. It ignores the fact that guished from those of the fascists
these two particular industriLs were to justify any moral decision on our
one of our many bottle necks in the part- in regard to them.
defense program. A strike there com-
pletely sabotaged the whole rearm- EL SERENO takes the position of
ament program because the items queasy non-resistance on the
involved formed the core of the de- ground that the only motive that
fense program. could sanction our opposition to fas-
Labor apologists ignore the fact cism would be our belief that those
that strikes are contagious; that each who opposed fascism, including our-
strike not only interferes with pro- selves, were spotless. Those who do
duction of some vital weapon needed not haveaclean hands must not use
by Britain or by us but that a series them at all, is what El Sereno would
of little strikes tends soon to become say. The logic which he demonstrates
a series of big and costly strikes. when he refuses to justify opposition
Other unions will not long stand by to fascism "is as sound as it would
when they see striking unions getting be to say that a policeman who had
rewards. Therein lies the danger in committeed polygamy may not, in the
quoting statistics in a vacuum. prformance of his duty, arrest a
murderer." (Mumford, Faith For Liv-
NOW LEST I BE THOUGHT a re- ing). Any nation foolish endugh to
actionary, allow me to train my adopt such a policy so far from
guns on the short sighted business facing reality (fortunately we are
man who desires to conduct business not adopting such a policy) such a
as usual in times of national crisis. nation is inviting death . . . com-
Under the guise of national defense mitting suicide. What could please
these men seek to undermine the leg- der Fuehrer more than to have us
al collective bargaining rights of la- as a nation follow a policy of forever
bor. Behind closed doors they selfish- reserving judgment, afraid to act for-
ly refuse to obey the spirit of col- fear of doing an injustice. Yet there
lective bargaining laws. Naturally are those individuals like El Sereno
these negotiations end in a strike of et. al. who would espouse such a line
collective bargaining laws. But the of thought. Those people who would
public is not aware of this behind- not lift a finger against fascism
the-stage sabotage by capital. They for the evasive reason that we are
can only see the affirmative acts of not a perfect democracy (a state-
the union. ment which no one contests)-and
In other cases monopolies use the therefore we have no right to make
their positions. Industrialists bicker or impose moral decisions on others
program to more firmly entrench (let Hitler do it)-these people are
and delay demanding their pound of the naive passive accomplices of Hit
flesh in the form of profits. They re- 1er in this country-whether they
fuse to sublet orders to smaller plants wish to believe it or not. I ask you,
or to expand their immediate pro- El Sereno, in all practicality, do you
ductive capacity. Prices are hiked. wish that the democracies of the
world, imperfect as they are, make
EACH DAY therefore brings fresh the decisions or do you wish that Hit-
evidence to show that both bus- 1er make the decisions? I can see no
iness and-labor are more interested third alternative.
in their own immediate gains than -Roger Berg

There was one lone objector at the
White House conference when Roose-
velt brokeuthe news of his $7,000,000,-
000 lend-lease budget to leaders of
the Senate and House Appropriations
Committees.
He was Senator Alva Adams, Colo-
rado banker, who opposed the aid-
democracies measure largely on the
same ground by which he judges
all legislation--its costs in dollars and
cents. Other zealous economy advo-
cates were present, especially Senator
Carter Glass and Representative Cliff
Woodrum of Virginia. But only Ad-
ams raised a dissenting voice.
Roosevelt opened the conference
with the statement that Army and
Navy heads had informed him that
$7,000,000,000 would be required if
real assistance was to be given Bri-
tain and the other Axis foes.
"This is a very large sum of mon-
ey," he said gravely, "and you can
provide it in either of two ways. You
can approve an outright appropria-
tion of the entire sum in cash now,
or you can vote four billions in cash
and three billions in contract author-
izations for future spending. I leave
the matter up to your judgment as
to which is the best course."'
"I'm in favor of appropriating the
whole seven billions in cash at once,'
spoke up Representative J. Buell Sny-
der of ,Pennsylvania, veteran mem-
ber of the House committee. "It would
be poor psychology t'o do otherwise
Hitler would immediately think we
were pulling our punch if we voted
only a part of the money needed.
"If we mean business we've got tc
act. Half-way measures won't do
they'll only cost us more in the end
I say, let's show Hitler and the de-
mocracies that we mean what we said
in the lend-lease bill by appropriating
the full amount now."
Senator Glass, Representative Car
Vinson (chairman of the House Nava
Affairs Committee) and others em
phatically seconded Snyder's argu
ment. But Adams objected.
"I don't care how the others feel,
he said. "I'm against such an appro
priation. It's too much money."
The outburst had the effect of
bombshells Everyone looked at Adams
The room became still. Roosevel
started to speak, changed his mind
sat looking at Adams, and puffed o
his cigarette.
Finally Woodrum broke th
strained silence. "Then it is agreed,
he said, "that it's to be seven billion
dollars in cash."

'

The
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(Continued from Page 2)
meet tonight at 8:15 in the Chapel1
of the Michigan League.
J.G.P. Properties Committee: Com-I
pulsory meeting for all members to-1
day in the League at 5:00 p.m. Ift
unable to attend, call Elaine Fisher.
J.G.P. Make-up Committee meet- I
ing today at 5:00 p.m. in the League.1
Attendance is compulsory!r
J.G.P. Finance Committee will meet
today at 5:00 p.m. in the League.
Room number will be posted on the
bulletin board.-
Graduate Students and others in-
terested are invited to listen to a
record concert to be given in the
Men's Lounge of the Rackham Build-
ing tonight at 8:00. The recent re-
cording of the Brahm's B-flat con-
certo, played by Horowitz, and the
Third Symphony by Roy Harris will
be heard.
Harris Hall: Tea will be served this
afternoon from 4:00 to 5:30. Episco-
pal Students are cordially invited.
The Bookshelf and Stage Section
of the Faculty Women's Club will
meet at the home of Mrs. E. B.
Mains, 1911 Lorraine Place, at 2:45
p.m. today.

Pre-Medical Society will meet in
the Neuropsychiatric Amphitheatre
located in the first sub-basement of
the Uftiversity Hospital Wednesday,
March 19, at 8:00 p.m. Dr. Max Peet,
Professor of Surgery, will explain the
techniques involved in the two
movies, "Cerebeller Tumor Removal"
and "Hemithyroidectomy." Also,
plans for the trip to Eloise Hospital
on Wednesday afternoon, March 26,
will be discussed.
Classical Students: Phi Tau Alpha
will meet in the Rackham Building
at 7:45 p.m. Thursday, March 20. "In-
formation Please" experts will be Dr.
Robbins, Prof. Dunlap, Dr. Copley,
and Mr. Rayment.
Hobby Lobby: There will be a re-
organization meeting for all people
interested in handcrafts on Wednes-
day, March 19, at 4:30 p.m. in the
W.A.B. If interested but unable to
attend, call Elizabeth Mahlman (5558
Stockwell).
Much Ado About Nothing, by Wil-
liam Shakespeare, will be presented
Wednesday through Saturday nights
and Saturday matinee this week'by
Play Production of the Department
of Speech in the Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre. The box-office will be open
10 a.m. to 5 p.m. today, and 10 a.m.
to 8:30 n.m. thereafter. Phone 6300

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN


F;
ONE JOURNALISM PROFESSOR'S latest
assignment was: "Construct an advertise-
ment selling umbrellas to college men." Silly, no?
Especially in this weather. You wear a muffler
in 6 degrees above zero, and let the Oxford
college boys carry the umbrellas.
The campus said good-bye to Bill Combs
Saturday. As well as being captain of the
wrestling team, William was one of the best
known and well liked men in the University.
Michigan has lost a real friend.
PRESIDENT RUTHVEN speaks to the New
York alumni this week. An annual affair,
Chi nl r -c l -mll m lrc nf -pcin rari