T~rY M C I G=A' DnATLY SATURDAY NOV.2,5;.1939 TIlE MICHIGAN DAILY -. * f, 13-1 Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications~ Published eveiy morning except Monday during the University yeapand SummerSession. Meerfer-ofthe Associated Press The Associated Press' is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or. not otherwise credited;in this newspaper.. All rights of'republication of all other matters herein also reserved- Eitere'dat'the Pbst:Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second : class mail matter. Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier, 14.00; by.mail, $4.50. REPRESSN1'EO FOR NATIONAL ADVEt'.,SING BY National'vertising Service, Inc. Cblle f'tiblsbers Representaive 42O, MAOISON AVE NEW YORK, N. Y CNICA00 B BOSTO"W L-OR.ANGELM,-SAN-tRANCISCO Member; Associated-. Collegiate Pressi 1939-40 Editorial'Stafff 'Ca Petersen . . . . Managing Editor Eliott. Maraniss : Editorial Director ;Stan M Swinton . . City Editor Murton. L. Linder . . . Associate Editor Noman A. Schorr . Associate-Editor Dennis Flanagan . . Associate: Editor John N. Canavan . . . . Associate Editor =An: Vicary . . . . . . Women's Editor Mel. Fineberg . . . . . Sports Editor 6N' * ~ P to curb a natural right to keep our avenues spotless is unthinkable. The Constitution-guar- antees to everyone the right of saying, what you please, of printing what you please and of let- ting other people know about it. There is al- ways the chance that it may be the truth. Or, if it is not such a good, idea, they have the right to reply with what they, believe. We can think of several better ways ofkeep- ing streets clean. The various cities involved might even go the whole hog and outfit street- cleaning departments. Or they might" follow the Court's suggestion and prohibit street lit4 tering by ordinance. A prohibition of all hand- bill distribution, though, is unnecessary and downright vicious. A ND the viciousness of such ordinances is all too apparent. The interesting thing to notice in the street littering charge is the na- ture of the literature that caused the arrests and subsequent convictions. In Los Angeles, Kim Young, a Korean student, was arrested for distributing colored cards announcing a meeting in behalf of Loyalist Spain. In Mil- waukee, 19 persons were arrested for distributing, handbills as part of their picketing of a meat market during a strike. In Worcester, Mass., Elmira Nichols and Pauline Thompson were convicted for the distribution of leaflets an- nouncing a protest meeting in connection with the administration of state unemployment com- pensation. It is obvious that the ordinances can be used to prohibit just that type of literature that authorities want suppressed. If the ordinances had not been declared unconstitutional by the Court; officials not in sympathy with various ideas and movements could, as in these cases, discriminate and remove their principal means of publicity. There is present in the existence of -such limits to the right of free-speech a poten- tial weapon that could conceivably be:used ulti- mately to destroy our democracy and all our liberties. The Supreme Court is to be praised. for destroying that weapon. -Alvin Sarasohn usminess Staff Business- Manager.. =Asst.:Business Mgr., Credit Manager Wimen's Business Manager. "Women's Ad-ertising Manager . ,Pubications Manager. . f Paul R. Park Ganson P. Taggart Zenovia Skoratko Jane Mowers Harriet S. Levy. NIGHT EDITOR: MILTON ORSHEFSKY The editorials published in The Michigan Daily are, written by members of The Daily staff, and represent the views of the writers only. 1brmitory EVERAL MONTHS AGO, Dr. Ed- ward Hashinger, a national frater- nity president, made the statement that the ;dormitory system was' a step towards regimen- tation, collectivism. But Dr. Hashinger was wrong: The' residents of our own dormitories saidhe was wrong. So did' the director of the residence halls. As .amatter of fact, there is so little- regimentation, as far as making for better situdy, conditions, in the residence. halls that' 'fraternity:presidents predict a big increase in the scholastic averages of their pledges living in the halls. The beautiful buildings of the West Quad-. rangle represent an. earnest effort on the part of the University, to overcome adverse housing conditions in Ann Arbor. No doubt they are achieving success in; this direction. But the most important' thing. to consider in University life has beenr neglected The halls,. sumptuous in appearance though they are, present condi- tions for study that are; in the words of certain serious-minded -residenes, "definitely unfavor- able." IF THERE is soundproofing in the halls, it is. inadequate. If there is discipline, it has not been effective.. At arry time from 8 a.m. until 12 midnight' or later, residents of the halls are tearing up and down the corridors. Radios shriek, bull-sessions echo throughout the build- ings. The sound of. dishes in the kitchen can be heard in, the furthermost rooms of the halls. 'That luxury of sleeping-in on Sunday morning is denied to the residents even if they have their windows and doors tightly closed. Five-weeks marks of the freshmen, at least those pledged to fraternities, are much lower than last year. Some fraternities are plan- ning enforced study periods in the library in an attempt to bring up the marks of the poorest, who, in every case, are dormitory residents. F WHAT is obviously needed is determined action by the residence halls staff to enforce dis- ciplinary measures for more quiet, and better study conditions. Discipline and student co- operation is necessary to add improved studying conditions to the better living conditions that the halls offer. 'MUSIC By RICHARD BENNETT The choice of the month's recording is un- deniably the single Victor Red Seal (15643) disc of Paul Hindemith's Trauermusik (funeral music for His Majesty King George V of whom Hinde- mith was a dear friend). The work is scored for solo viola and string orchestra, the viol work of the present recording being performed by the composer with the orchestra under the baton of Bruno Reinbold. To me the Trauermusik marks some of the most noble writing of our time. Its harmonies are rich, solid and grave, the continual shifting keys serving to intensify the dignity of the harmonic structure. Happy Choice Hindemith's choice of the viola as solo in- strument is indeed a happy one, for no other could so adequately identify itself with the tragic beauty of the melodic line. The recording as such is exceptionally clear, though the choice of a more competent violist (Hindemith's playing is exceedingly rough) would have been wiser. There remains nothing more than to recommend the- record without reservation. The recording of the Brahms F Minor Quin- tet, op. 34 (Victor Musical Masterpiece Series, M-607, Nos. 15646-15650) for piano and string quartet once again reminds us of the extra- ordinary versatility of the Hamburg composer. For those who object to chamber music as be- ing "too thin" they will find sufficient compen- sation here. The reason for this is to be found in the history of the scoring. Composed origi- nally as a string quintet with two 'cellos, it was rewritten for two pianos. "The paramount dif- ficulty lay in the fact that the sheer weight of the music, and in particular its climaxes, could not be successfully borne by five strings." But though the two-piano version endowed; the work with the necessary power, the' absence of the strings meant the loss of much of it subtlety and clarity of part-writing. Leider Recital Then there is the Lieder Recital by Hulda Lashanska (Victor Musical Masterpiece Series, M-612; Nos. 2025-2028) of songs of Brahms, Schubert, Richard Strauss, and Hugo Wolf. Mme. Yashanska has chosen two representative songs from each composer. From Brahms, Die Mainacht and Auf Dem Kichhofe; from Schubert, An Die Musik and Des Madchens Klage; from Strauss, Die Nacht and Ruhe, Meine Seele; and from Wolf, Verborgenheit ard Das Verlassene Magdlein. Anyone with the artistry of Mme Lashanska knows what to ex- pect from her rendition of these outstanding classics. The most remarkable thing about her singing is her feeling for the sung word. Special Release (In conjunction with the Lashanska. record- ings I should like to observe that there has just been a special release of six songs of Hugo Wolf (Victor M-613, Nos. 2029-2031) sung by Lotte Lehmann. Unfortunately I have not been able to hear the collection before this column goes to press, but I do not think I am running too great a risk in recommending it.) Lastly, there is a group of miscellaneous re- cordings by Victor which the collector will find refreshing. Disc 15660 contains the Movements Perpetueles of Francis Polenc, played by the pienist, Arthur Rubenstein, and A Flat Noc- turne of Gabriel Faure, also played by Ruben- stein. Both sides are exceptionally clear, the Faure piece being particularly well rendered. Disc 15734 comprises the second of the "Three Dances Andalouses" of Manuel Infante, re- corded as a two-piano work played by Jose and Amparo Iturbi. While some may object to the THE ED ITOR GETS-TOLD... To the Editor: In a number of recent issues of The Daily the caviling Mr. Gulliver has indulged in bitter attacks on the "professors" who for some wicked imperialistic motive of their own (I wonder just what any professor stands to gain by any form of war or imperialism?) are deluding the- youth of the world into war with specious promises of League of Nations and Federations of the World. Since Gulliver has so completely taken off the gloves of courtesy in this debate, as one of the internationalist professors on this campus pre- sumably in his mind I shall deal with equal frankness in return. 'Both Desire' Gulliver and I both desire permanent peace and assured liberty. Neither of us has the right to question the sincerity of the other. Guli- ver's personal path to that goal has not, so far as'he has yet revealed to us, been indicated, but in general, those who profess pacifism but attack Wilsonian internationalism fall into three schools: thelargest (by far), the isolationists, who are the defeatists of the peace movement, regarding the "Old World" as hopelessly doomed and falling back on a narrow American nation- alism; the Communists, not so much in evidence since Russia turned nationalist-imperialist, who oppose all plans for union among "capitalist" nations on the ground that only collectivists can be trusted to keep the peace; and the non-resist- ant or Tolstoyan pacifists who. push aside as irrelevant all calculations of consequences and insist on the. absolute and dogmatic moral duty of abstaining from all forms of violence. All three paths' are hopeless and useless. The first allies the pacifist with Hearst and Cough- lin and the Bund as a- matter of practical policy (though not, of course, in theory); gives indirect aid to the most aggressive militarists by with- holding even moral support and economic aid from attacked nations; abandons nine-tenths of the population of the world to perpetual ruin; assumes that America is able to prosper in vir- tual economic isolation, a most dubious assump- tion; and, finally; ignores the revolution in the means of transportation which has brought the United States as close to Europe in time-dis- tance as London was to Paris in the days of Washington. Second Path The second path involves the possibility of a world-wide socialist and communist revolu- tion, which seems at present a far more distant prospect than any Utopia that Wells ever in- vented. Scarcely one man in a hundred sup- ports such a plan in the chief industrial nation of the world, the United States. Moreover, the dealings of communist Russia with Poland and Finland bear a most suspicious resemblance to the worst that can be said about capitalistic brands of imperialism. The third path, promises nothing. The aggres- sor is to go on conquering while the patient vic- tim is to go on suffering; a creed for martyrs, not for statesmen. Moreover, as Tolstoy pointed out, if soldiers use force so do police, so the logi- cal non-resistant must be an anarchist. But, it may be said, is not internationalism equally Utopian? What signs of it are there in the intensely nationalist world of today? The prospect is discouraging ;enough, I admit, and men like Gulliver make it more so by their re- actionary attacks on every step toward an in- ternational order. But the only alternative being world chaos- and ruin in a series of suc- cessive wars it is our duty to continue exploring every possible path in this direction. Wells Is Right Wells as a writer and. as a man has shown many, faults; he has been impatient, unjust, in- .consistent in, many of his books. But in his central contention that our age is a race be- tween world federation and world catastrophe he is not only right, but provably and obviously right. How. many more "world wars" can the world stand? Are neutrals really unaffected by such colossal disasters to their neighbors? With unrestricted national sovereignty how can wars be prevented? Can a workable world federation be made with the wealthiest and potentially strongest nation (the United States) left out? I have been asking those questions to the in- finite boredom of all who know me for twenty years, but no opponent of peace through inter- nationalism has yet been able to answer them. Those who sneer at Wilson and "the world made safe for democracy," or at Wells and "the war to end war," forget that they were not false prophets whose plans were tried and failed, but prophets (true or false) whose plans were never tried at all. Wilson envisaged a League of Nations with his own country an active and helpful participant. Can anyone say that the course of European events would have been the same if that had been the case? Wells envisaged the more radical device of a world state with world free trade. Has he been proved wrong? It seems to me that if anyone is entitled to say "I told you so" to the rest of the world it is pre- cisely those who labored for internationalism, the Wilsons, Briands, Nansens, Masaryks, whose "stone the builders rejected." May it not yet become "the head of the corner" in a new world order? It is not quite impossible, it seems to me, that the lessons which the world almost learned in 1919 may, reinforced by the present terrible catastrophe, be learned altogether at the end of this war. Who's Right?' While earnest men and women are working the world over for a permanent peace, and are ready to renew their efforts after each fresh catastrophe, Messieurs Maraniss, Petersen, "Gulliver" and the rest have contributed nothing w11 1 A GULLIVER'S CAVILS By Young Qulliver (Continued from Page 2) (Editor's Note: The following written in answer to the column the left.) DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN is at PROFFESSOR SLOSSON, it seems to Gulliver, has quite completely misinterpreted the Cavil of Thanks- giving Day (and the same might be said of every previous column of Gulliver's upon which Professor Slos- son has commented). The column of Thursday last was not a personal attack upon Prof. Slosson. It was a direct attack on Walter Lippmann and on all those who pervert the word international- ism to the uses of the imperialists; it1 was also a warning to those who are willing to entrust the international- ism in which they sincerely believe to the hands of the imperialists thatr American youth is not willing to spend itself in an effort to establisha imperialist internationalism. Prof. Slosson did not once men-r tion the central point of Thursday's2 column; he paid no attention to the criticism of Walter Lippmann. Ifr one wanted to, one could probably infer that Professor Slosson is an' advocate of Lippmann's brand of "internationalism"; but to anyone acquainted with Prof. Slosson's stal- wart and forthright liberalism, such2 an inference i palpably unfair. Wants Internationalism r You are forced to the conclusion,2 therefore, that Prof. Slosson wantsa his internationalism, and that he wants it so badly- that he is willing to entrust it to the hands of anyc politico who says that he'll produce.t Prof. Slosson put his faith in the. Wilsons and the Briands in the lastP war. Evidently he is willing to putc his faith in the Wilsons and thef Briands of World War II. If American youth, or at least thatk fragment of it represented by Mes- sieurs Maraniss, Petersen, and Gulli- ver, is unwilling to place its future at the disposal of the Chamberlains, Daladiers and their American coun- terparts who talk internationalismc and act Hitlerism, should that be taken to mean that it is "reactionary,t petulant, defeatist, scolding, sneer- ing, malignant"? SUCH an attitude is, rather, indica-c tive of the fact that only when American youth is vigilant and wary of the demands made upon it by men who have proved themselves to be the enemies of internationalism, only then can: American youth reallys afford to be hopeful about the pros-t pects of a genuine internationalism. Exception1 And if Professor Slosson is still of' the opinion that Gulliver is a re-t actionary, let it be understood here and now that Gulliver is as devout a believer in internationalism as Professor Slosson. With this excep- tion: Professor Slosson putshis faitht in the Elder Statesmen who have1 messed up the world for so long, and Gulliver puts his faith in the CzechT students who died in Prague last1 week.- Those sincere individuals who think that the British Empire is in- terested in internationalism will be betrayed at the close of this war, as surely as they were betrayed in 1919. But, and far more important, is the fact that those internationalists who will, soon enough, support American armed intervention in. the present imperialist war, will bear a responsi- bility far more weighty than they did twenty-two years ago. For the lesson of 1914-1919 is plain enough; the analogy is sharp and distinct. Main Point THE main point of Gulliver's last. column was that Walter Lipp- 'mann, as a spokesman for finance, capital, is perverting the word inter- nationalism to serve the most cynical and brutal ends. As to Professor Slosson's references to H. G. Wells, Gulliver will call his attention first to the New York Times Magazine of Nov. 19, in which Mr. Wells is quoted as saying that "Hitler, like the Ho- henzollerns, is a mere offensive pus- tule on the face of a deeply ailing world." Getting rid of Hitler "will no more cure the world's ills than. scraping will cure the measles - - . it is the system of nationalist indi- vidualism and uncoordinated enter- prise tht is the world's disease, and it is the whole system. that has to go" Gulliver will call his attention next to the New Republic of Nov. 29, in which Mr. Wells is quoted as saying: "We who lent ourselves to propa- ganda, were made fools of and ulti- mately let down by the traditional tricks of the Foreign Office . . . The evil state of Europe today is trace- able almost directly to the want of imagination, the self-protective* cun- ning and the deliberate breaches of faith made by (British politicians and officials) during those eventful years that immediately followed the Great War. Well, once bit, twice shy. I am not going to be a stalking horse for the British Foreign Office again . . . Propaganda Taboo r Tech. School, salary: $3,200, Dec. 11. Assistant Instructor, Air Corps Tech. School, salary: $2,600, Dec. 11. Junior Instructor, Air Corps Tech. School, salary: $2,600, Dec. 11. Assistant Inspector of Ship Con-1 struction (U.S. Maritime Commis-t sion), salary: $2,600, Dec. 11 Michigan: Attendant Nurse B2, salary. range:I $90-10, Dec. 2. Institution Cosmetic Therapist CI, salary range: $95-110, Dec. 2. Steam Fireman B, salary range: $105-125, Dec. 2. Steam Electric Operating Engineerk I, salary range: $150-190, Dec. 2. Bridge Engineering Draftsman AI,1 salary range: $140-160, Dec. 1. BridgeDesigning Engineer I, salary range: $150-190, Dec. 1. Brdige Designing Engineer II, sal-P ary range: $200-240, Dec. 1. Architectural Engineering Drafts- man AI, salary range: $140-160, Dec.r 2. Architectural Engineer II, salarys range: $200-240, Dec. 2. Detroit: (Must be residents of De-e troit).a Junior Stenographer, salary: $1,-k 560, Nov. 25. Junior Typist, salary: $1,500, Nov. 25. Complete announcements on filea at the University Bureau of Appoint- ments and Occupational Information, 202 Mason Hall. Office hours: 9-12 and 2-4. Choral Union Members, whose rec- ords are clear, will be issued pass tickets for the New York Philhar- monic-Symphony Orchestra concert Monday; Nov. 27, between the hours of 9 and 12, and 1 and 4, at the of- fice of the School of Music, Maynard Street. After 4 o'clock no tickets will be issued.E Concerts Choral Union Concert.: The New1 York Philharmonic-Symphony Or- chestra, John Barbirolli, Conductor,I will give a concert in the Choral Union Series, Monday evening, Nov.( 27, at 8:30 o'clock, in Hill Auditorium.i The concert will begin on time, andr doors will be closed during numbers. Exhibitions , Exhibition, College of Architecture and Design: The best 100 postersl submitted in the 1939 National Pos- ter Contest on the subject "Travel," sponsored by Devoe & Reynolds Co., Inc., of Chicago. Third floor exhibi- tion room, Architectural Building. Open daily, except Sunday, 9 to 5, through Nov. 27. The public is cor- dially invited. Ehixibtion, College of Architecture and Design: Drawings submitted in the Interschool Problem entitled: A Research Unit for Creative Art. These represent senior student work at Cor- nell University, Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Third floor exhibition room, Archi- tectural Building. Open Friday and Saturday, Nov. 24 and 25, from 9 to 5. The public is invited. Lectures Dr. George Derry, former President of Marygrove College and National Director of Social Education for the Knights of Columbus, will lecture on "Pope Pius XII and the Modern De- mocracies" in the Rackham Lecture Hall on Sunday, Nov. 26, at 8 p.m. This is sponsored by the Student Religious Association and the New- man Club, Today's Events Freshman Round Table: Professor Wesley Maurer of the Journalism Department, will discuss "Success- For What?" at the Round Table, to- night at 7:30 at Lane Hall. Peace Commission of the American Nov. 29, at 7:45 p.m, in the Rackham Amphitheatre. Graduate students and staff members in Economics and Business Administration are cordial- ly invited. Ticket Committee (Peggy Mayer's) for Sophomore Cabaret will meet Monday at 3:30 p.m. at the League. Fellowship of Reconicllation: Regu- lar meeting Monday, Nov. 27, 7 p.m. at Lane Hall. Discussion of housing and eating problems of Negroes in Ann Arbor will be continued. The Annual Hillel Fall Dance will be held Saturday, Dec. 2, from 9=12 p.m. in the ballroom of the Michigan League. Admission is free to affili- ate members on presentation of mem- bership and identification cards. Non-members may purchase tickets at the Foundation office. The Lutheran Student Club will meet at Zion Parish Hall at 5:30 p.m. on Sunday. Dinner will be served at 6:00. Because of the gen- eral interest shown, the discussion about the Inter-Guild Conference will be continued. Michigan Union Opera: Schedule of tryouts for dancing, singing, and acting to be conducted in the desig- nated rooms of the Union: Sunday; 3-6 p.m., Room 318 Monday, 3:30-5:30 p.m., Room 318. Tuesday, 1-3 pm., Room 318. Wednesday, 7-9 p.m., Room 305. Thursday, 7-9 p.m., Room 304. All eligible men interested may try- out. Churches St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, Sunday, 8 a.m. Holy Communion; 11 a.m. Morning Prayer and sermon by the Rev. Don V. Carey, ;rector of Grace Episcopal Church, Grand Rap- ds; 11 a.m. Junior Church; 11 ajn. kindergarten, Harris Hall; 7 pgnm. Student meeting, Harris Hall. John Mason Wells, professor of philosophy and religion at Hillsdale will speak on "Some Suggestions about the;Or- igins and Value of the Old Testa- ment." Disciples Guild (Church of Christ): 10:45 a.m. Morning worship. Rev. Fred Cowin, minister 12 noon, Students' Bible Class. H. L. Pickerill, leader. 6:30 p.m. "The Guild Looks at It- self and Plans for the Future."' A round table discussion led by Hoyt Servis, president. First, Baptist Church: 9:30 a.m. Graduate Bible Class. Prof. Leroy Waterman, teacher. 10:45, Morning Worship. Sermon Topic, "Deliverane." 12, Student Round Table Discus- sion Topic, "What' Can We Believe about Immortality?" 6:15, Roger Williams Guild, 503'E. Huron. Rev. William Genne of Michigan State. College will report on the World Christian Youth Conference -in Am- sterdam, Holland. First Church of Christ, Scentist: Sunday morning service at 1030. Subject: "Ancient and. Modern Ne- cromacy, alias Mesmerism and Hyp- notism Denounced." Golden Text: Isaiah 8:19. Sunday school at 11:45. First Methodist Church: Dr. C. W. Brashares will speak at 10:40 a.m. on "Radicalism." Stalker Hall: 'Student class at 9:45 a.m. at Stalker Hall. Prof. Roy Swin- ton of the Engineering School is the leader. Wesleyan Guild meeting at the church at 6 p.m. The service will be on the interpretation of the picture "Christ and the Rich Young Ruler." Fellowship hour and supper following the meeting. First Congregational Church: 10:45 a.m. Public worship. Prof. Preston' W. Slosson will speak on "Platitude and Paradox in Religion." 6 p.m. Student Fellowship Supper, followed by a talk on "Religions of India" by Francesca Thivy of Ma- dras, South India. Trinity Lutheran Church: Worship services at 10:30 a.m. Rev. H. O. Yoder will deliver the sermon. Zion Lutheran Church: Worship services at 10:30 a.m. Rev. Stell- horn will deliver the sermon. First Presbyterian Church: 16:45 a.m. "Life-On What Terms?" will be the subject of Dr. Lemon's sermon at the Morning Worship Service. 6 p.m. Westminster Student Guild will meet for a supper and fellowship hour. Prof. Preston W. Slossn will speak on"The Roleof the Church in the Modern Crisis." Unitarian Church: 11 a.m. "If Winter Comes," a pre-Christmas sermon by Rev. Marley. 7:30 p.m. First of three round table I I Y -William B. Elmer Handbills And Civil Liberties . . EDNESDAY'S Supreme Court ruling on handbill distribution again fol- lows the line of civil liberties defense that the country's highest tribunal has upheld in recent years. The Court, last year, crossed out an ordinance of Griffin, Ga., requiring permission to peddle literature, previously declared un- constitutional, Huey Long's advertising tax and defended the stand of several other persons who had been convicted in literature distribution scrapes. The Court, voting 7-1 on the handbill ques- tion with only.Justice McReynolds dissenting, rightly defended the inalienable right of free speech, an issue that was not covered up very well by a foolish plea for the necessity of 'guar- anteeing clean streets. Briefly, the decision was given in favor of persons and groups who Student Union win meet at t1 p.. t- day in the Michigan Union. Coming Events Botanical Journal Club will meet on Tuesday, Nov. 28 at 7:30 p.m. in Room N.S. 1139. Reports by: Ralph Bennett, "A review of work on accessory growth and fruiting substances affecting Melanospora de- struens." John Hardison, "Effect of crown and stem rusts on the relative cold resistance of varieties and selections of oats." "The relation of aeciospore ger- minability and dissemination to time of infection and control of Gymnos- porangium juniperivirginanae on red cedar." Robert Hook, "Genetic and en- vironmental factors affectinggrowth types of Ustilago zeae." "Factors affecting the development of Puccinia coronata in Louisiana." James McCranie, "Papers on the