THE MICHIGAN DAILY. THE MICHIGAN DAILY QULLIVER'S CAVILS By YOUNG GULLIVER . II X-3 . =mt = ' - _- Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. I Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also r'eserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mail matter. Subscriptions during regular school year. by carrier, 140;by mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVERnsSING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative 420 MADISON Ave. NEW YORK, N. Y. CHICAGO .BOSTON ' LOS ANGES WSANFRANCISCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1939-40 rl Petersen iott Maraniss i M. Swinton rton L. Linder rman A. Schorr nnis Flanagan hn N. Canavan; n Vicary !1 Fineberg Editorial Staff . , . . Managing Editor Editorial Director . City Editor . Associate Editor Associate Editor . Associate Editor . Associate Editor Womed's Editor * Sports Editor Business Staff mness Manager . Business Mgr., Credit Manager nen's Business Manager men's AdvertisingrManager licatioris Manager Paul R. Park Ganson P. Taggart Zenovia Skoratko Jane Mowers *Harriet S. Levy NIGHT EDITOR: HERVIE HAUFLER The editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. :A Anerican Shipin And Netralit y... MERICAN shipping faces a knotty ' ..tproblem whichever way the "cash and carry'' vs. embargo scrap turns out. As long as the, embargo act is maintained, the American merchant marine will have to answer: What isontraband and what is not? The prob- tlem of definition is made seemingly hopeless by the fact that as soon as one decision is made, the expediencies of belligerent nations will un- -doubtedly alter it, Great Britain and Germany have announced 4 simnilar contraband lists that include the weapons of war, war chemials, fuel of all kinds and con- trivances for, or means of, transportation and communication. These are fairly clear, but the difference between legal and illegal trade be- comes extremely tenuous when there is added t a ban on "all other articles necessary or con- venient for carrying on a war" and when food and t clothing are classed as "conditional contraband." This is simply adding nonsense on top of mys- ticism. American trade experts have found a r few items-such as toys, tobacco, business ma- chines and household appliances-that do not seem to fall intz this contraband catch-all, but ;iin so doing they probably underestimate the elasticity of the diplomatic imagination. Of deeper import to merchants is the effect of these contraband edicts on American trade. Four-fiths of this country's normal sales to Europe have been labeled "contraband" by the nations at war. Can American commerce play these rules of the game when it sees its trade with Great Britain cut from last year's 521 mi- lion dollars to 139 millions, its trade with Ger- many slashed from 107 millions to only ten milions? The American merchant marine is experienc- ing a far greater fear, however, that the cash and carry plan will be adopted without modifi- cation. This would afford only one outlet for American shipping-South America. It would mean that American ships would have to swarm ein a starvation hunt for the relatively meager trade to the South while other merchant marines would, presumably, do a land-office business. Shipping interests are busy in Washington. Former Senator William G. McAdoo is there from the Pacific coast to lobby for his interests. The lobbyists are seeking the support of leading agricultural and commercial organizations to oppose the neutrality shipping restrictions. And they are winning concessions. There will be no limit on trade to the British and French possessions in South America. It seems certain that there will be no restrictions on trade in the Pacific. But, like the proverbial camel, the lobbyists want more. Columnist Raymond Clap- per reports that they are working to have all re- strictions stricken out of the law, to permit American ships to go where they will-to peace- ful ports or across the tracks into the backyarcs of belligerents. Out of these sbread-and-butter tactics of self- ish interests may spring neutrality loopholes of profound import to American peace. -Hervie Haufler Michigan State College students pay but 12 per cent of the cost of their tuition. * * * Fifty per cent of the Washington and Jeffer- N ACCORDANCE with his threat of last Tues- day, Gulliver is going to go ahead with his analysis of the European situation and America's probable relation to what revelops. As things stand now, American intervention to establish an immediate peace in Europe would be not only a bad move, but almost an impossi- bility. In the first place, Hitler has offered to make peace; Britain and France have not. Any action for peace on the part of the United States at this time would seem to be an offer of aid and comfort to Hitler. Hitler needs peace very badly, worse, in fact, than anybody else. This is what makes Gulliver think that Roosevelt isn't going to strain himself getting all the boys around the conference table. However, Gulliver feels that this is one of the most dangerous things about Roosevelt's foreign policy-that it is oriented pretty solidly about the aims and ambitions of the French and British empires. The situation therefore is pretty nasty. Hitler cannot gain through a prolongation of the war. Nor do the working people of any country gain through the prolongation of an imperialist war. But the only way for peace to come will be through independent united action of the work- ing peoples of Europe. The only other peace would be a Hitler peace, and it has been proved that that is no peace at all. Chamberlain and Daladier do not want peace, at least not until they have succeeded in replacing Hitler with a more amenable individual. It is Gulliver's guess that at that time, Roosevelt will be willing to step in as a nominally neutral peacemaker. THROUGH all this, there is one ray of sunshine which keeps peeping through: Hitler is done. He's all washed up, and it doesn't look as though there's anything he can do about it. Even an immediate peace won't do him any good. Joe Stalin has blown Adolf's eastern ambitions sky high, and the Maginot Line and the British fleet in the west just about finish Adolf off.., The big job is to see that the Germans get a C!he Drew Pedrson add Robert .AIen WASHINGTON-The inside of the second Lindbergh radio broadcast is that the flying col- onel shifted back and forth several times before he finally made up his mind on neutrality.. In the end it was friends of Herbert Hoover who helped make up his mind for him. The first to urge Lindbergh to make a second speech clarifying his neutrality views was Sen. Harry Byrd of Virginia, severe Roosevelt critic, but working actively for the President in the arms embargo fight. Byrd got in touch with Lindbergh shortly after his first broadcast and found that the flier had not meant to oppose the lifting of the arms em- bargo. In fact, he said that he really. sided with the President, and expressed irritation that cer- tain Coughlinites were quoting his first radio speech as such conclusive argument for retain- ing the embargo. So Lindbergh promised Senator Byrd that he would broadcast a second time and line up with Roosevelt. But just one day after Byrd had received that promise, Lindbergh was called in by Senator Borah, leading isolationist. The two talked a long time. Afterward Lindbergh seemed to lean toward the isolationist side. Hoover's Middle Course Meanwhile, Herbert Hoover had come out for an embargo against offensive arms but no ban on the sale of defensive arms. It was William R. Castle, Jr., former Under- Secretary of State, who did the rest. He has known Lindbergh for years. He has known Hoover for an even longer period, and still repre- sents the Hoover faction indirectly on the Re- publican National Committee. Torn between Borah, the complete isolationist, and Byrd, the anti-isolationist, Lindbergh took a middle course. He adopted the Hoover thesis of differentiating between offensive and defen- sive weapons. Note: Lindbergh admitted in his speech that differentiation between offensive and defensive weapons would be very difficult. McNutt's Double The White House doesn't know it, but more than one postmaster attending the National Association of Postmasters convention here re- turned home firmly convinced that Roosevelt intended to boost the presidential aspirations of Paul McNutt. It happened this way: Roosevelt greeted the postmasters from the second story portico overlooking the White House gardens, where they gathered en masse. He wa6 flanked on one side by Postmaster General Jim Farley and on the other by his Naval Aide, Capt. Dan Callahan. Callahan is tall, white haired, and handsome. From a distance he might easily be taken for McNutt. And that is exactly what some of the postmasters did. Shortly after they returned to their hotels, decent chance after Hitler goes. From all indi- cations, not only Roosevelt, but also the British Labor Party (see this week's Time) intend to leave this matter in the hands of Chamberlain and Daladier. The answer is that Chamberlain and Daladier must go too, and the quicker the better (and in the meantime, Americans must be on guard against the blandishments of the British imperialists.) IT WOULD SEEM to be high time that the people of Europe( and gf the United States as well) realize that what is needed is not a re- shuffling of the cards, but a new deck. This is especially true for those American and British liberals who have decided to cast their lot in with Chamberlain in order to get rid of Hitler. And that goes for the people who have been un- critically supporting Roosevelt's foreign policy merely because his domestic policy is progressive and necessary, What is badly needed now is a group of Eng- lishmen and Frenchmen with guts enough to take over the British and French goyernments and return them to the people. Popular govern- ment is still a good idea, and the best guarantee of a peaceful Europe will be governments in Lon- don and Paris which do not take their orders from the City of London or the Bourse, but which are sensitively attuned to the needs of the masses and which are ready and able to act on those needs in a decisive and positive fashion. Such governments will be able not only to cope with Hitler, but to aid the German people in establish- ing the kind of government that the German people want. Such governments would win the wholehearted support of the American people. The present British and French governments are no more worthy of American support than the govern- ment of Hitler, and any attempts on their part to involve the United States either in a new World War or in a new Versailles should-be noted for what they are. The United States should stand ready to act for peace with any popular government which may be born in England, France, or Germany. In the meantime, we have the job here at home of keeping us at peace, and at the same time of defending and extending our democracy in every sphere-the political, the economic, the social. AS OTHERS SEE IT 4 4 , It Seems To Me By Heywood Broun George Kaufman and Moss Hart have done a highly diverting play out of the Woollcott saga. It seems to me that The Man Who Came to Dinner embellishes a legend rather than presents us with the town crier complete and in the flesh. It is not the final definitive drama. That would be a large order. , Indeed, it might be an excellent idea for the two playwrights to make their present venture the first of a series somewhat after the mannel of the Frank Mer-' riwell books. Thus we might rave; Alec at Hamilton, Alec on the Town, Alec on a Gunboat and Alec on the Stars and Stripes. If the present conflict stimulates marital melodramas I certainly rec- ommend the last-named theme, for there has never been another soldier like Sergeant Woollcott or a single individual along any front who in the slightest way resembled Wooll- cott the War Correspondent. He wasn't in the least like dressy James or Richard Harding Davis. After frantic attempts to enlist in all the more combative arms of the service Mr. Woollcott managed to blink his way into the Medical Corps. I ran across him at Savenay, a base hospital, a little to the north of Saint Nazaire, where the first division landed. As orderly I rather fear that Mr. Woollcott was a menace to discipline. In order to live up to regulations it was customary for an officer to be detailed each day to march the enlisted men around in some sort of a rudimentary drill. But many of the microbe hunters knew even less about tactics than the ex- dramatic critic, and so the sergeant undertook, not unsuccessfully, . to bully his superiors. Refuses To Show Up There had been some little flutter of excitement the day before I ar- rived, because Mr. Woollcott had flat- ly refused to show up for maneuvers on the day a famous oral surgeon happened to inherit the command. "I refuse to be drilled by a dentist," said the sergeant, and he got away with it. While I was at the base drink- ing port in Woollcott's cubicle a cap- tain from Manhattan, who was an internist in civil life, wandered in to get his ration. Mr. Woollcott made no motion to rise from the one com- fortable chair in which he was sit- ting, but indicated the top of a trunk. "I think," said the captain, "that just as a matter of form you ought to stand up and salute. What i Pershing were to pop in suddenly?" "Eddie is suffering from delusions of grandeur," explained Alec, and kept his seat. And so, when the Stars and Stripes -a paper for enlisted men-was started in Paris everybody in author- ity at Savenay moved heaven and earth to get the sergeant transferred from hospital to journalistic duties. In the beginning the sprightly jour- nal, which later fell under the editor- ship of Harold Ross, wassupervised by Major Richard Waldo. Mr. Woollcott did much to democratize that branch of the army also when he suggested that the reportorial staff should fight the war "with our backs to the Waldo" Native Talent Wins Nevertheless, native talent tri- umphed over tactlessness and pres- ently Mr. Woollcott was off for the front line to give the doughboys a first-hand account of what they were doing. It was not my good fortune ever to see Alec in action, but the late William Slavens McNutt once gave me a vivid description. "All hell had broken loose in a valley just below us," said McNutt, "and I was taking cover in a ditch as Alec and Arthur Ruhl ambled brisk- ly past me on their way into action. Alec had a frying pan strapped around his waist, and an old gray shawl was flung across his shoulders. Whenever it was necessary to duck from a burst of shell fire Alec would place the shawl carefully in the middle of the road and sit on it. Inl another quarter of a mile we would be in the thick of it. I saw that Ruhl and Alec were having a terrific argu- ment, and so I managed to catch up to find out what men would quarrel about at such a moment. Suddenly we all had to fall flat, but while still reclining on his belly Woollcott turned and said, 'I never heard any- thing so preposterous. To me Maude Adams as Peter Pan was gay and spirited and altogether charming as the silver star on top of the treeon Christmas morning.' "I guess," said McNutt, "there's no curbing a dramatic critic even if you shoot at him." Plan P.A. System For Rutlhven Fete Arrangements have been completed for installing a Reiss public address system for the Ruthven Anniversary Dinner, to be given Oct. 27 in Yost Field House, Herbert G. Watkins, assistant secretary of the University, announced yesterday. Liberal-Action To The Editors: In last Wednesday's editorial Mr. Maraniss pointed out the weakness inherent in nineteenth- century liberalism. Although his criticism of this philosophy is justified, we should bear in mind that there is another type of liberalism which involves something more than the econom- ics of Adam Smith and the political liberalism of John Locke. The liberal-action of John Dewey is a vital political philosophy which is cognizant of the "economic and social revolution beating about our ears." It fully agrees with Mr. Maraniss in condemning that school of "liberalism" best per- sonified by Herbert Hoover. Liberal Action de- nies the charge, frequently made, that liberal- ism and action are mutually exclusive. This philosophy is a combination of theory and social experiment, which has as its basis the faith that organized intelligence can solve all man-made problems. It takes account of the complexity of modern society which necessitates a coopera- tive commonwealth. The purpose of this com- monwealth would be to bring the greatest free- dom to the greatest number of people. Because it applies the scientific method, liberal action cannot predict the exact form of the society which will afford this freedom. Since the ends obtained are determined by the means, it em- phasizes the maintenance and extension of civil- liberties, the prevention of all war, and the establishment of economic justice. A proponent of liberal-action, Dr. Joel Seid- man, will speak in Ann Arbor on Nov. 9. He will discuss, "Civil Liberties in Time of War," and suggest actions which liberals should take in meeting the present crisis. Surely liberal-action is the "stuff of which a modern progressive movement can be organized to meet the very realistic threat of reaction and war." -Gerald Nitzberg Teacher's Training Significant What he declares to be two strangely contra- dictory facts in American education are pointed out by Edwin R. Embree in his article, "The Education of Teachers," appearing in the current Autumn issue of The American Scholar. "First," Embree declares, "the preparation of teachers is the most important task of profes- sional education. And second, the teachers college is the poorest of all the departments of higher education." The writer amplifies these statements with references to the meager financial endowment possessed by most teachers colleges, the below- average mentality of students enrolling in teach- ers colleges as compared to those in other pro- fessional departments or college students gen- erally, and the lack of development in subjects (Continued from Page 3) t be written in English or German. Each contestant will be free to choose his own subject from a list of at least 30 offered. The list will cover six chapters in the development of Ger- man literature from 1750 to 1900, each of which will be represented by at least five subjects. Students who wish to compete must be taking a course in German (32 or above) at the time of the competition. They should register and obtain directions as soon as possible at the office of the German department, 204 University' Hall. Eligibility Cards: This is the last day on which eligi- bility cards will be signed, according to Roberta Leete, Chairman of Merit System Committee. All girls inter- msted in working on any League Committee must have a signed eligi- bility card. These cards can be ob- tained at Room 4, University Hall, and can be signed at the League from 3 to 4 p.m. Academic Notices Political Science 52: Make-up ex- %mination for the second semester, 1938-39, will be held Tuesday, Oct. 24, at 2 p.m. in Room 2033, Angell Hall. Playwriting (English 149). Because >f the concert Tuesday evening, the Glass will meet on Monday evening in 3217 A.H. Today's Events A.A.U.W. branch meeting will take glace in the Michigan League Build- ing at 3 p.m. today. Prof. Preston losson will speak on "A Year on the Edge of the Precipice." Phi Delta Kappa will hold a fellow- ship luncheon this afternoon at 1:15 p.m. at the Michigan Union. Dr. :abib Kurani, Professor of Compara- give Education in the American Uni- versity of Beirut, Syria will speak. Members of other chapters who are now on campus are especially invited to attend. Freshman Round Table: Miss Mux- an, Counselor on Vocational Guid- ance, will discuss the topic, "For What Are We Preparing?" at the y'reshman Round Table, Lane Hall, this evening at 7:30 p.m. All freshmen men and women are in- vited. The Angell Hall Observatory will be open to the public from 7:30 to 10 ;his evening. The moon and planets, Jupiter and Saturn, will be shown through the telescopes. Children must be ac- :ompanied by adults. The Outdoor Club will meet for a short hike this afternoon. The group will leave Lane Hall at 2 p.m. All are welcome and old members are urged to bring a friend. Assembly and Congress: Congress and Assembly are jointly holding a radio "Open House" from 2 to 5 p.m. today in the League Grill Room for the Chicago football game. There will be dancing and card games when the game is not on. Everybody is invited to come. Graduate students are invited to listen to a radio broadcast of the Michigan-Chicago football game this afternoon in the Men's Lounge of the Rackham Building.. Episcopal Students: Listen to the Chicago game this afternoon at Har- ris Hail and munch pop-corn between touchdowns. Chapel Service Club: All men mem- bers of St. Mary's Chapel who are in. terested in acting as ushers, servers or choir members are asked to attend a smoker in the Auditorium of the Chapel this afternoon between 2:30 and 5 p.m. We will conclude our or- ganization plans and listen to the Michigan vs. Chicago game. Re- freshments will be served. Hayride for Congregational students and their friends . Wagons will leave Pilgrim Hall, 608 East William St., about 8 p.m. this evening. Lots >f fun, games and refreshments. Call 2-1679 for reservations. The Michigan Christian Fellow- ship meets each day except Sunday in the Upper Room of Lane Hall for noon-day prayer from 12:30 to 1 p.m. Coming Events German Table for Faculty Members: The regular luncheon meeting will be held Monday at 12:10 p.m. in the. Founders' Room of the Michigan Union. All faculty members interest- ed in speaking German are cordially invited. There will be a brief in- formal talk by Mr. James S. Edwards DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN ternoon, Oct. 23, at 4:15 in Room 1041 E. Physics Bldg. Botanical Journal Club will meet on Tuesday, Oct. 24, at 7 p.m. in Room N.$_ 1139. iheviews of recent papers on algae will be given. Reports by: Miss Frances Wynne Mr. Gilberto Marxuach Mrs. Francesca Thivy Mr. William Gilbert Seminar in Bacteriology will meet in Room 1564 East Medical Building Monday, Oct. 23, at 8 p.m. Subject: "Bacterial Metabolism." The Pi Lambda Theta tea which was tentatively scheduled for Oct. 24 will be held Oct. 31 in the Rack- ham Building. Scalp and Blade will hold its first fall smoker at the Michigan Union on Sunday, Oct. 22, at 5 p.m. All Buffalo men are cordially invited. Rifle Team: First practice for rifle team tryouts on Monday, Oct. 23, 3-5 p.m. It is important that all old team members be present. Mathematics Short Course on the "Theory of Representation" to be given by Dr. Nesbitt, will have its First meeting on Tuesday, Oct. 24, at 3 o'clock in Room 3201 A.H. Ar- rangements of hours for future meet- tngs will be made at this time. The ;ourse will meet three times a week or five weeks. The Michigan Christian Fellowship will meet at Lane Hall, Sunday at s p.m., one half hour earlier than u.sual. Mr. Stacey Woods,- General Secretary of the Inter-Varsity Fel- 'owship will be the speaker. Churches Disciples Guild (Church of Christ: 10:45 a.m. Morning worship. Pro- lessor Bennett Weaver will deliver the sermon in the absence of the pas- tor. 6:30 p.m., The Students' Guild will meet at the Guild House, 438 May- nard Street, instead of the church. William Muehl of the Anti War Com- mittee will speak on "Propaganda, A Major Cause of War." First Congregational Church, State and William. Rev. Leonard A. Parr. 10:45 a.m. Public worship. Dr. Parr will preach on "Prepare for Battle!" 6 p.m. The Student Fellowship will meet at the church for supper. 7 p.m. Dr. Charles A. Sink, presi- dent of the School of Music, will speak on "Reminiscences of Musical Cele- brities." First Church of Christ, Scientist, 409 S. Division St. Sunday service at 10:30 a.m. Sub- ject, "Probation After Death." Sunday school at 11:45 a.m. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Sunday school and dis- cussion group 9:30 a.m. Chapel, Wom- en's League. First Baptist Church, 512 E. Huron. Rev. C. H. Loucks, Minister. 10:45, Morning worship. Sermon topic, "Our Daily Bread." 12 noon, Student Round Table. Discussion topic, "What Can We fe- lieve About Ourselves?" 6:15, Roger Williams Guild, Guild house, 503 E. Huron. Prof. Bennett Weaver of the De- partment of English will talk on "Student Goals." A social hour will follow the address. Student Evangelical Chapel: Stu- dents and friends interested in evan- gelical Christianity are cordially in- vited to the Sunday worship services conducted by Dr. G. Goris in The Michigan League Bldg. The topic for the sermon of the 10:30 a.m. service will be "Reverence." At the 7:30 p.m. service Dr. Goris will speak on "A Challenging Evaluation." This stu- dent group also sponsors social and recreational programs every Friday evening in the Fireside room at Lane Hall. Anyone interested is welcome. First Methodist Church: Morning worship service at 10:40 am. Dr. C.hW. Brashares will preach on "Church Programs Toward Peace." Stalker Hall: 9:45 a.m. Class for students led by Mr. Lawrence Vrede- voogd. 6 p.m. Bishop Blake will speak at the Wesleyan Guild Meet- ing at the church on the topic "Anerica and War." ! Fellowship hour and supper following the meet- ing- Trinity Lutheran Church, Williams and Fifth, will hold its worship services Sunday morning at 10:30. Rev.H. 0. Yoder will deliver the sermon. The Zion Lutheran Church, Wash- ington at Fifth, will hold worship ;