THE MICHIGAN DAILY

1l

NY

An Effective National Health Program;
Combined Federal-State Action Needed


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Editorial Staff
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niss Editorial Director
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navan . . . . Associate Editor
Women's Editor
g Sports Editor
Business Staff

By ELLIOTT MARANISS
Surgeon-General Parran's lecture here yes-
terday served to focus local attention upon orie
of the most urgent problems confronting the
American people: the changing position of medi-
cal science and service in a changing world.
One of the most distinctive features of the
democratic form of government is the common
belief that the primary function Qf government
is to provide for the general welfare of the en-
tire people. It is exactly that function that
justifies the existence of government at all.
American history, in fact, can be most inspir-
ing and meaningI'ul when read in terms of the
persistent demands of the people to gain legis-
lative action that will assure the well-being of
the entire population. Free schools, free land,
old-age pensions, social security, unemployment
compensation, collective bargaining and civil and
religious liberty: 3when written in these terms-
humanitarian, liberal and social-the American
experiment in democracy has -been able to enlist
the common sentiment of the American people.
In the light of this progressive realization of
measures aimed at increasing the well-being and
happiness of American citizens, the relatively
backward status of medical service raises quej
tions of fundamental importance. The situation
becomes even more anomalous when the follow-
ing facts are realized: that the medical profes-
sion, above any other group, itself has trained
the American people to feel that medical serv-
ice is the first human necessity, and that modern
medicine has wonderful facilities waiting to be
used; that, while we boast of the world's finest
resources of medical knowledge, equipment and
personnel, we are still sadly deficient in bring-
ing those resources within the reach of all who
need them, and that, while we have long ag6
passed beyond the day when government's re-
sponsibility for the health of the population
ceased with sanitation, quarantine and insane
asylums (American medical care today is tax-
supported to the tune of $500,000,000 a year, more
than one-sixth of the total national health bill
paid from all sources) organized medicine still
indulges in infantile emotionalisms when it is
suggested that these expenditures be givei im-
petus and direction by framing an intelligent,
long-range national health program.
The American nation stands condemned, as
an active agent for the preservation of the
health and happiness of its people, by those of
its citizens who have been denied adequate
medical service. Sickness causes a total wage
loss of more than a billion dollars a year. Every
day of the year 5,000,000 Americans are disabled
by sickness to such a degree that they cannot
go about their work or engage in their usual
activities. Furthermore, it is pertinent to note
that it is among that third of the nation that isr
ill-fed, ill-housed, and ill-clothed, that the inci-

., Credit Manager
Manager
ng Manager
iger

Paul R. Park
Ganson P. Taggart
Zenovia Skoratko
Jane Mowers
Harriet S. Levy

FIGHT EDITOR: MILTON ORSHEFSKY
The editorials published in The Michigan
aily are written by members of The Daily
aff and represent the views of the writers
nly.
)nscientious Objectors
id Bergdoll . ..
T HE PPIDE of the United States Army
must be a great thing. it had to be
reat thing in order for the military boar6
ch sentenced Grover Cleveland Bergdoll to
to hold such an inhumanitarian viewpoint.
e was a man, of German blood, who was
'ted at the time of our entrance in World
I, and who objected to fighting a war in
ch he could see no purpose, and, moreover,
inst a nation of his brothers.
istly, Bergdoll was a conscientious objector.
)ndly, he was a German. In 1917 both of
e categories were the objects of scorn from
sides. But 22 years later a military board
regards the man as a traitor. He was not
only one who had no wish to fight. Accord-
to statistics of the War Department, no less
S,65,000 men drafted into the Army entered
ms for non-combatant service. Of these, ap-
Kimately 4,000 refused service under any mili-
' control whatsoever.
board set up by President Wilson examined
0 of the objectors and finally assigned all but
to' non-combatant service. The remainder
e court-martialed and only 54 suceeded in
lining their freedom. The remaining 450
e sentenced to serve in Federal penitentiaries.
ir sentences ranged from one year to life..
o the student on a modern campus, there
nis to be a wider pacifist movement than ever
re. This may be so, but there were approxi-
ely three-quarters of a million American citi-
before the war who belonged to religious
s that forbade or disagreed with war. In case
var again, we shall be up against the same
ation as faced these.
ergdoll was unfortunate in that he fled from
draft. He should have registered as an ob-
or and perhaps by now he would again be
ee man. There are millions of young men
his country who will be called upon to fight,
uld war involve us. Of those there may be
nany or more objectors than in 1917. They
not flee, they must register. They must,
'ever, make preparations now. The Army has
le theirs already. There are seven bills
Citing enactment by Congress should war
ak out. Under these, exemption from com-
ant service is accorded only to members of
-organized religious creeds which forbid war.
President is to be empowered with the right
determine what organizations come under
scope. All other pacifist organizations re-
*e no mention in the bill, which indicates that
President must set up rules and regulations
erning them. At present there seems little
e for the conscientious objector who is not
member of a strictly pacifistic religious group.
--William B. Elmer

dence of sickness is greatest. According to the
United States Public Health Service, wage earners'
with an incofe of less than 1200 dollars a year
suffer mnore than twice as many days of dis-
ability as the people with incomes of $3,000 a
year or more. The relationship is a natural one:
lack of purchasing power for food, clothing, and
shelter means inevitably, lack of purchasing
power for medical care and services. One further
implication can be drawn. The contradiction, of
idle doctors and medical equipment, on the one
hand, and untieated patients on the other, paral-
lels our idle industrial machines and idle workers.
Restricted opportunities for health, education,
and culture are the direct results of restricte ,
industrial and agricultural opportunities. And
not until the idle machines are put to the task
of raising the national standard of living, aimed
at protecting and extending economic security,
can a really .effective national health program
emerge.
But the facts of sickness and suffering and
disability remain; and also on the books is the
$500,000,000 already being spent by the nationa?
and state 'governments. What is urgently re-
quird today, given the above situation, is the
utilization of the sums already being spent by
governmental agencies, with an additional outlay
to make the program effective, in such a manner
so as to assure all groups of the population a
minimum of adequate medical care. In January
President Roosevelt took the lead in this regard
by recommendingto Congress the study and
adoption of a broad plan of medical care for
the nation, based on the past five years of
study of our national health problems. Acting
on this invitation, in February Senator Wagner
introduced a bill "to provide for the general wel-
fare by enabling the several states to make more
adequate provision for public health, prevention
and control of disease,.miaternal and child health
services, .construction and maintenance of need-
ed hospitals and health centers, care of the sick,
disability insurance, and training of personnel."
The bill proposes that the Federal government
shall make avaliable to the several states a sum
of money of over 80 millions of dollars for the
first fiscal year, and considerably more in the
two succeeding years, .for specific health serv-
ices. This is to be done on a matching basis, the
Federal Government appropriating from one-
sixth to two-thirds of the money spent, varying
with the service rendered, and the states pro-
viding the rest. In general, the bill expects the
individual states to determine the kind of medical
program each wishes to carry out, and also the
extent to which it will perform the services.
Note the emphasis on reciprocal state and fed-
eral action. Whatever the fate of the bill in the
next Congress (the last one failed to adopt it)
its eventual usefulness, as its sponsor indicates,
will depend on the extent to which the states take
efficient advantage of its provisions. Only if the'
states participate in the national health program
in a wise and comprehensive fashion will it prove.
to be a boon to the American people. In most
cases precisely those communities most needing
medical services have the least consciousness m
the matter. It will also be noted that the com-
munities that ostentatiously go about the busi-
ness of "balancing'the budget" usually do so at
the expense of children's hearts and lungs and
limbs. It is in a double .arena, then, that the
battle for the health and happiness of the
American people will be fought. And until Con-
gress reconvenes, the people of the states must
insist that the local governments prepare the
way foi participation by inaugurating health
programs geared to their immediate needs.
CAVILS
B3y Young Gulliver
Letter to Jonathan Swift. Page 2.
I told :you something about Ann Arbor the
other day, daddy, and today I'm going to tell you
some more.
All I can tell you is what I see around me, pop,
and if you can figure it out you're pretty good.

There are only one or two things the people
around here hate. One of them is examina-
tions and the other is Hitler.,
Everybody hates Hitler because he seems to
be a little nuts, and nobody likes the idea of a
crazy man running a country, because it results
in thousands of people being killed and tortured
and deprived of every right. Very few people
around here like the Japanese rulers either, be-
cause for the past few years they have been kill-
ing off the Chinese and ruining their country.
And everybody around here seems to feel that
sooner or later we're going to have to fight the
Japanese, or Hitler, more likely. But they
wouldn't bother with little things like boycotting
German goods or Japanese goods, because that's
too much trouble. It sounds foolish, but it's true.
What are you going to do about people when
they're like that?
And another thing. What people don't like
about Hitler is that he persecutes Germans for no
good reason. No, Jew has a chance in Germany.
So wliat happens here in Ann Arbor? Every
September about ten thousand kids come to
town. About a thousand of them are Jewish.
And the Jewish boys have to wander all over
town looking for rooms, because there are a lot
of landladies who, like Hitler, don't like Jews
around.
Things are even tougher for the Negroes. They
can't get rooms anywhere near campus. Half of

Drew Pedrsi
add
0 RabertSAfen .
WASHINGTON-One of the closely
guarded secrets of the FBI is an in-
vestigation it is making of suspected
sabotage of bombers being built for
the Navy at the Glenn L. Martin 'air-
plane plant in Baltimore. The case
is one of the most sinister tackled
by the G-men in a long time
The Navy ordered 21 of the air-
planes, a new type of long-range,
twin-motor, patrol bombers, at a
vot of $25;00 apiece. The first
was delivered recently at the Naval
air station near Norfolk, Va., and
trouble developed immediately.
On the very first flight one of the
twin motors burned out. Replaced
with another brand new motor from
Baltimore, the same thing happened
again--and continued to happen un-
til four new motors in rapid suc-
cession had burned out. Also, sev-
eral crack test pilots narrowly escaped
death in bringing the crippled, heavy
ship to earth.
Alarmed by the mysterious burn-
outs, Acting Secretary of the Navy
Edison called in the FBI, simultan-
eously ordered work suspended on
seven other ships until the G-men
and naval inspectors got to the bot-
tom of the affair. They promptly
padlocked that part of the plant
where the ships were being built and
placed all the employes under scrut-
This investigation quickly brought
to light the interesting fact that
some of the key men in the plant
were Germans. Three of them had a
direct connection with the building
of the bombers.
Note-Besides the 21 bombers, the
Martin firmh has an order for 100
other naval planes for completion by
1942, also is building 500 bombers for
the French to be delivered by next
spring, and a number of military ships
for the Dutch Government.
Yeah, Man!
"Happy" Chandler tried awfully
hard to be dignified when he roared
into Washington, accompanied by his
wife and a crowd of office-holding
followers, to be sworn in as Senator.
But, beside himself with joy, he was
as frisky as a colt and bubbled all
over the place.
"This reminds me of the time I vis-
ited Hollywood," he exclaimed. "They
threw a party for me and I was set-
ed between my wife and Hedy La-
marr. Well, I looked her over and
boy, she was something. So I turned
to my wife and said, 'M m, it was
nice to have known you."
AFL Conveittion
A significant feature of the AFL
convention last week was the un-
published fact that in private many
of the delegates talked seriously of
replacing President William Green
This behind-the-hand discussion
progressed no further than the talk
stage. In an atmosphere of harmony
and good feeling, Green was re-elect-
ed unanimously for another one-
year term. But the prevalence of the
talk iidicated that Green's hold on
his position is far from being as se-
cure as it appears on the surface.
Sentiment to retire him is there if
any one of his ambitious would-be
successors can bring it to a head.
However, Bill Green's strength is the
same factor that won him the job in
the first place.

His, stronger and abler rivals dis-
trust each other too hlinch to allow
any one of them to becePresident.
But if some of them ever' do get to-
gether and pool their forces, then
Green is finished. For, basically, he
is not liked either by the conserva-
tives or by the liberals.
Among the leaders of the Old
Guard, such as William Hutcheson,
aged head of the bricklayers and a
dyed-in-the-wool Republican, Green
is considered too pro-New Deal. But
the younger and more liberal lead-
ers think he is too much under the
sway of the Hutcheson element, and;
not militant enough.
Caught between this cross-fire,
Green actually has an unhappy time,
of it. Nevertheless this situation is
his salvation, so long as neither group
will risk ousting him for fear the
other will capture the coveted prize.
Shipping Victory
The shipping lines have already
won their fight to eliminate the dras-;
tic merchant marine restrictions from
the neutrality bill. Both Adminis-
tration and isolationist leaders have
secretly agreed 'to amend the measure
so as to keep U.S. ships from being
driven from the seas.
Two factors played a leading role
in this victory.
One was a confidential memoran-
dum from the U S. Maritime Com-
mission to Sen. Joseph Bailey, North
Carolina chairman of the Senate
Commerce Committee, warning that
unless the restrictions were removed

(Continued from Page 2)
Science and the Arts: No course may
be elected for credit after today..
E. A. Walter.
English 31. My section will not
meet on Saturday
W. R. Humphreys.
German Make-Up Examinations:
The make-up examinations for Ger-
man 1, 2, and 31 will be given on
Saturday, Oct. 21, from 9 to 12 a.m.
in 'Room 306 U.H. No student will
be allowed to take this examination
1unless he presents a written permit
from his instructor at the time of
the examination.
Concerts
Choral Union Concerts: The fol-
lowing artists and organizations will
be included in the Choral Union
Concert Series this season:
Oct. 24: Sergei Rachmaninoff, pi-
anist.
Nov. 6: Fritz Kreisler, violinist.
Nov. 13: Alexander Kipnis, bass.
Nov. 27: New York Philharmonic-
Symphony Orchestra, John Barbirol-
li, Conductor.
Dec. 4: Jussi Bjoerling, tenor.
Dec. 14: Boston Symphony Or-.
chestra, Serge Koussevitzky, conduc-'
tor.
Jan. 15: Kirsten Flagstad, soprano
Jan. 25: Robert Virovai, violinist.
.Feb. 14: Bartlett and Robertson,
pianists.
March 6: Artur Rubinstein, pianist.
A limited number of season tickets,
as well as tickets for individual con-
certs, are on sale' at the School of
Music Business Office daily, except
Saturday, from 9 to 12 a.m. and 1
to 5 p.m.
Organ Recitals: Recitals will be
played on the FriezeMemorial or-
gan in Hill Auditorium, complimen-
tary to the general public, on the fol-
lowing dates, at 4:15 p.m.: Wednes-
day afternoons, Nov. 11, 8, 15, 22, 29
and Dec. '6 and 13. The general
public, with the exception of small
children, is invited to attend, but is
respectfully requested to be seated
on time.
An Exhibit of Southwest Indian
Pottery and Painting will be shown in
the Central Galleries, on the Mez-
zanine, floor, of the Rackham build-
irig. The exhibit will be open daily
until Oct. 21

the club may pay their dues at this
meeting. Deposits shouldbe made
at this time also for the anniual -out-
ing at Camp Takona, which will be
held on Oct. 20, 21.
The Michigan Christian Fellowship
meets at the regular hour, 4:3.0 to
5:30, Sunday afternoon in the Fire-
place Room at Lane Hall. There
will be a talk and discussion on "Why
I Believe The Bible."
Eta Kappa Nu: There will be an-im-
portant meeting, on Sunday, Oct. -15,
at 7 p.m. at the Union.
Those wishing to eat in a group
will meet in the lobby of the Union
lafeteria at 6:30. Those graduates
who are members of Eta Kappa Nu
and all members of the Electrical
Engineering faculty are cordially in-
vited to attend.
Mimes Meeting: There will be a
Mimes meeting Sunday, Oct. 15, at
the Michigan Union, Room 316, at
7:30 p.m.

Churches
First Baptist Church, 512 E. Hiron.
9:30 a.m Church School. Classes
for all ages.
10:45 a.m., Morning Worship. Ser-
mon topic, "Thy Kingdom Coine-
On Earth," by Rev. C. H. Loucks.
12 noon. Young People's Round
Table. Discussion topic, "What
About Jesus?"
6:15 p.m. Roger Williams Guild.
In the Guild House, 503 E. Huron.
Mr. Roger H 'Freund, Executive Sec-
retary of the YMCA will speak on "A'
Religion for Today." A social hour
will follow the address.
First Church of Christ, Scientist,
409 S. Division St.
Sunday morning service at 10:30
a.m. Subject: "Doctrine of Atone-
ment." Sunday School at 11:45 a.m.
St. Andrew's Episcopal Church,
Sunday: 8 a.m. Holy Communion;
11 a.m. Morning Prayer and sermon
by the Rev. Frederick W. Leech, and
Junior Church; 11 a.m Kindergar-
ten, Harris Hall; 7 p.m. Student
meeting, Harris Hall. Speaker: Prof.
Leroy Waterman on "The Tw(elve
Hebrew Tribes and How They Crew,"
second in series of talks on the
"Foundations of our Religion."
Ann Arbor Friends (Quakers) will
have a meeting for worship at 5 p.m.
in the Michigan League; business
meeting at 6 p.m. Supper in Ius-
sian Tea Room at 7. All interested
are cordially invited.
Unitarian Church: 11, a.m., Mr. Mar-
ley Will speak on "Why I Like Arieri-
ca."
7:30 p.m. Liberal Students' Union
First pr'ogram of Youth Adventure
Series.
First Congregational Church, State
and Williarm.
10:45 a.m. Public Worsiip. Dr.
Leonard A. Parr will preach on "Pris-
on for a Word?"
6 p.m. The Student Fellowship will
meet at the church for supper.
7 p.m. Vice-President Shirley W.
Smith will speak on "Religion on
Main Street."
First Presbyterian Church, 1432
Washtenaw Ave.
10:45 a.m , "Religious Convictions
on The Pedigree of Man" will bie the
subject of Dr. W.' P. Lemdn's ser-
ion at the Morning Worship Service..
5:30 p.m., Westminster Guild, stu-
dent group, will meet for a supper
and fellowship hour. There will be
a panel discussion on "Religious Per-
plexities" with Dr. Lemon in charge.

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIf

MUSIC

By RICHARD BENNETT
To construct in aword a workable definition
of art, one that is neither too philosophic nor
too technical for immediate use, is not as diffi.:
cult as might be supposed. Art, shall we say,
is simply the explication of a theme divorced
from its accidents; that is, from all those
qualities or events which are not functional to
it as an organic unit. Whether the work of art
is a 'great' work or not depends upon the elas-
ticity or comprehensiveness or the theme.
For example: a present case in point is the'
'Viking's Funeral' scene from the current film,
Beau Geste. This scene, beginning with Digby's
scaling the wall of Zinderneuf and closing with
his departure from it, is as compact, organic,
and 'solid a piece of business as Hollywood has
given us in some time. All events which might
have been extraneous to the theme have been
ignored. There are no disjunctions in the inte-
gration of camera, music, and action. Every
movement is toward one end, the functional
build-up of the theme itself. As art, then, it has
fulfilled the fundamental requirement. But is
it great art? That is partly a subjective, partly
a social consideration. How much of myselfi
was symbolized in the theme? How much of
my own personal history was vicariously
pressed in the final sounding of that low trum-
pet call from the lips of Digby? I am the race,
and the race is the world. I am the world, a
society of all peoples. Thus the question takes
on a very real meaning: how universal was that
final sounding? Less so than that other trumpet
call, Siegfried's Death March to the Rhine?
But what has all this, you say, to do with
music. Frankly, everything.
Firstly: the definition is as applicable to
music as to any particular art; though some
would choose to be mystics here and have it
otherwise. In fact, it is by virtue of this defini-
tion that Ezra Pound was wrong when he wrote
that every analogy is a lie. For in so far as
Beethoven was able to rid himself of all super-
fluity and project a major theme of extensive
implication, just so, far is his work to be con-
sidered analogous to that of El Greco, Dante, or
Frank Lloyd Wright. When it is affirmed that
art is the explication of a theme divorced from
its accidents, all rambling, all hyperbole, and
certainly - all melodrama, become nonsense.
There stands a criterion for judging nineteenth
century music.
And secondly: it is the tendency of the age,
-and a very savory one indeed, for musicians to
merge the study of music with the study of all
the arts (a refined instance of this is to be foun4
in Elie Siegmeister's Music and Society). Mous-

Todays Events I
Freshman Round Table: "Extra-
Curricular Education" will be dis-
cussed by Mr. Kenneth Morgan, Di-
rector of the Student Religious As-
sociation, at the Freshman Round
Table, Laiie Hall, tonight at 7:15 p.m.
The Outdoor Club will hold a roller
skating party this evening., All in-
terested are invited to meet with us
at Lane Hall at 7:30. Those who
have bicycles will ride to the rink;
others may take the bus.
Smith League House, 1102 East Ann
St., will be "At Home" to friends this
evening at 8 o'clock.
The Michigan Christian Fellowship
meets each day, excepting Sunday,
for noon-day prayer between 12:30
and 7:00 in the Upper Room of Lane
Hall.
Coming Events
Student Loans: There will be a"
meeting of the Student Loan Commit-
tee in Room 2, University Hall, held
at 2 p.m., Monday, Oct. 16. Al ap-
plications to be considered for the
meeting must be filed in Room 2 be-
fore Sattirday, Oct. 14, anid appoint-
ments made with the committee.
German Table for Faculty Mem-
Ilers: The regular luncheon meeting
will be held Monday at 12:10 p.m. in
the Founders' Room of the Michigan
Union. All faculty members interest-
ed in speaking German are cordially
invited. There will be a brief in-
formal talk by Prof. Christian N.
W e n g e r on "R4eiseeindrucke in
Deutschland Sommer 1939."


-Aet's Look
Mfore We Leap...
TODAY our attention is focused upon
the turn of national and interna-
onal events, -and most of us are hoping that
he United States will keep out of the conflict
ow raging in Europe.
The minds of students have always been
PrIm. fields for the cultivation of new and

Physics Colloquium: Mr. H Tatel
will speak. on "Anonyious Scatter-
ing of Neutrons in Helium" at the
Physics Colloquluin on Monday, Oct.
16, at 4:15 p.m. in Room 1041 E.
Physics Bldg.
Research Club will meet on Wed-
nesday, Oct. 18, at 8 p.m., in tote
Amphitheatre'of the Rackham Build-
ing. Election of officers. Professor
C. F. Remer will speak on "Interna-
tional Research in a Year of Ten-.
sion." The Council will meet in the
Assembly Hall at 7:15 p.m.
Tau Beta Pi dinner meeting Tues-
day, Qct. 17, 5:45 p m., Michigan
Union. Come on time and be through
for the Varsity Show.
Finnish Students: The opening
meeting of the Suomi Club will be

Student Evangelical Chapel: Those
interested in EvangelicalChristiani-
ty are nvited to worship at the Mich-
igan League Chapel. The Sunday
morning service at 10:30 is to be con-
ducted by Dr. G. Goris who will speak
on "Spiritual Paramours."
Dr. Goris' topic for the Sunday
evening service at 7:30 will be "Un-
conscious Inner Degeneration." Every
Friday evening this group sponsors
a social and recreational p:rogram in
the Fireside room at Lane Hall. You
are invited.
Disciples Guild (Church of Christ):
10:45 a in., Morning Worship.
6:30 p.m., Mr. John Huston of the
Anti-War Committee will speak on
"Students and War." A discussion
will follow the address.
7:30 p.m., Social hour and re-
freshments.
Stalker Hall: Student Class at 9:45
a.m. Sunday, at Stalker Hall. Mr.
Vredevoogd will lead the discussion
on "Can a Student Deny the lxis-
tence of God?"
Wesleyan Guild Meeting at p .m.
at the Methodist Church. Dean Alice
Lloyd will speak on "Two Genera-
tions Try to Understand." Fellow-
ship hour and supper following the
meeting.