PAGE DouR THE MICHIGAN DAILY S17"MAY, MAY 20, 1940 TIlE MICHIGAN DAILY SUNDAY. MAY 20. 194G THE MICHIGAN DAILY 37h EDITOR get ZtdI Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the University year and summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mal matter. Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier, $4.00; Vy mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVERSING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative +420 MADISON AVE. NEW YORK, N. Y. CHICAGO ' BOSTON' LOS ANGELES -"SAN FANCisclO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1939-40, Editorial Staff Hervie Haufler . Alvin. Sarasohn. Paul M. Chandler Karl Kessler Milton Orshefsky Howard A. Goldman Donald Wirtchafter Esther Osser Reien Corman. Managing Editor Editorial Director City Editor * . . . Associate Editor * . . . Associate Editor . . . . Associate Editor Sports Editor Women's Editor Exchange Editor Poem On War... To the Editor: Everything has been haggled out. Nothing remains for debaters to argue about except America's chances of staying out of the war. The future looks black, and I am not being fatalistic; I am simply trying to look at facts as they are. The Germans are an hour's drive fromeParis; a million Allied troops are trapped in the North; the Channel is partially in Ger- man hands. What can the outcome be? I am not attempting to solve the problem. All I want to present is the enclosed bit of morbid verse: Blessings on thee, little man, Gas mask hiding cheeks of tan. Bayonet and cannon fodder Without one leg you'll look much odder. Dive into the bomb-proof shelter While the bombs fall helter-skelter. Cry for mercy to your mother, To your sister and your brother. Pray to God-He did not bother With your not forgotten father. Pray to God to end the war, This is your only stock in store. Salute the flag above--unfurled And ask forgiveness for the world. Salute the flags of warring nations While you eat your slender rations. No more blessings, little man! God forgot your cheeks of tan! God forgot your widowed mother! God forgot your older brother! Gd forgot life has its lease! God forgot the thing called "PEACE"! Sincerely, Thomas Goodkind, '42L Peace Bases Suggested.. . To the Editor: Young Gulliver did a commendable job in his letter in Wednesday's Daily of criticizing various "peace" stands. He did well to em- phasize that there is common agreement that we all want "peace"-some people even want to fight for it! But, as Gulliver pointed out, the question remains: How are we to have peace? Gulliver boldly recommends: "Oppose the Government!" and cites examples of those who did-Debs in the United States, Liebknecht in Germany, etc. But-these men did not stop the war. Eugene Debs was found guilty-not by a jury of war profiteers, but by a jury com- posed of the very Americans he was trying to save from war! Gulliver advocates: build socialism and fight every move of the War Deal. Such a program, half vague and half negative, will not and can- not keep us out of war. A definite, constructive plan of action is needed, based on a correct analysis of the causes of war: NEW AMERICA contends that with growing concentration of weath and income, the point Business Staff Business Manager . Assistant Business Manager Women's Business Manager Women's Advertising Manager Irving Guttman Robert Gilmour Helen Bohnsack Jane Krause I NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT SPECKHARD The editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. Reciprocal Trade Program Lauded . . T HE CONGRESS of the United States T has extended the Trade Agreements Act for another three years. The extension was passed at a crucial time withEuropeengulfed in war and the American Republics becoming more and more closely bound together. Secre- tary Hull, probably realizing that a world trade program will have to wait until after the war, has as his central aim the establishment of better trade relations with South America. The importance of these relations is ines- timable. South America provides a huge mar- ket for our manufactured goods. Through the trade agreements we will be able to obtain better tariff concessions, and our domestic prosperity will be augmented. Besides the busi- ness angle, however, the new trade agreements will increase the Western Hemisphere's inde- pendence so necessary in war time. The trade program, then, is worth merely the advantages gained from better South Amer- ican relationships, but there are other advan- tages which seem self-evident. IN THE FIRST PLACE the program opens other markets for our surplus agricultural and industrial products. Department of Com- merce statistics show that since the start of the trade agreements, exports, particularly farm exports, have increased. The farmer should therefore be wholly behind Mr. Hull. Instead, however, we find farmers divided on the issue. They have been misled by the monopolistic industries. Although they want their exports to increase, these industries wish to keep out even the slightest foreign competition so that prices can be kept unreasonably high. They have tried to enlist the support of agricultural in- terests in fighting the trade agreements by an old argument: the claim that under low tariffs injurious agricultural imports are admitted to the country. Many farmers have been influenced by this false argument although statistics show that the increase in farm imports occurred af- ter a shortage in foodstuffs had been brought on by the drought and that these imports are now declining. Nevertheless, a strong bid was made in the Senate by the protectionists and the misled agricultural men to wreck the trade bandwagon. The Senate is to be complimented for the de- feat of the amendment which would have made its consent to each agreement necessary. This would have exposed the whole trade program to the mercy of the lobbyists, chiefly represent- ing manufacturing interests. The Senate real- ized that the complaint that too much power was being placed in the hands of the execu- tive was really a lobbyist dodge. Congress showed firmness in renewing the present trade policy for another three years. T IS TO BE HOPED that most of our legis- lators have finally discovered the principle that it is necessary to import in order to export. It also shoud be universally recognized that reciprocal trade is necessary for the peace which has been shaken so rudely by economic national- ism and its trade wars in the past. After the present war a trade program like that of Mr. Hull's will be necessary to reduce the wartime economic barriers and restore international commerce. Such a revival of international com- merce, if permitted, will help to guarantee world is finally reached where a small group in so- ciety has so much they can neither consume it themselves nor re-invest it, because the ma- jority have so little they cannot buy' the pro- duce of industry. Mass unemployment and a declining standard of living follow. Now, just as nature abhors a vacuum, so does society ab- hor unemployment. One of two things must hap- pen: (1) The productive sections of society will unite and break the concentration of weath and income causing unemployment, or (2) the concentration of wealth and income will be maintained, and the people will turn to the non- productive busy work of armament expansion which will bring temporary prosperity and em- ployment. Auto workers in Detroit don't want war, but mass production of tanks in Detroit sounds good. Farmers don't want war, but they will favor a war economy if they think it will bring in- creased demand for farm produce. Unemployed youth is heartened by the hope of employment even though that employment is in munitions plants. And so, Young Gulliver, NEW AMERICA says to you: Oppose the War Deal as vociferously as you like, but the very people whose interests you are trying to protect will hate you unless you can offer them what a war economy claims to offer-jobs and security. The basic social and economic problem of America is that of getting our idle men and machines and money to produce for the needs of the people. Simply full employment is no answer-Hitler has that! We want an expand- ing economy producing under optimum condi- tions the things America wants. To get this society, we must break existing monopoly con- trols and concentrations of wealth and income, and make possible a free competitive market in which production is determined by con- sumers' choice. IV many fields a free market can be restored through competition among cooperatives, pri- vate businesses, and government yardsticks, a competition on equal terms on a socially de sirable plane that recognizes the rights of em- ployes and consumers. Complete elimination of private profit is nei- ther necessary nor desirable. Profits of private entrepreneurs are socially desirable and neces- sary--so long as those profits are reinvested or consumed. But if such profits are allowed to lie idle and jam our economic system, the state must tax them away. Mere government regulation is impossible in many fields, e.g. banking and credit, key indus- tries, and exploitation of natural resources. Society must own these enterprises as the only practical means of breaking (1) their present pools of idle capital that keep jobs and produc- tion from Americans, (2) their artificial price structures that swell these pools of idle resources and (3) the anti-social political power intrin- sically bound up with these gigantic aggrega- tions of economic power. The creation and maintenance of such a sd- ciety requires insurance of the right of indi- viduals and groups to organize to uphold their particular interests, and the absolute guaran- tee of civil liberties for all. Such an America will, of course, need arms for defense as long as foreign aggression exists. But no longer will demand for foreign markets force a foreign policy' leading to war, because ample internal purchasing power will allow full economic coop- eration with all non-aggressor nations and embargo on all aggressor nations. Ann Arbor Unit of New America Prophetic Dostoievski... Alfred Rosenberg, philosopher of the Nazi party, promulgator of its reigion, destroyer of ancient ideals and spiritual values, declares that Europe must be remade according to Nazi specifications. European nations united "under the fighting German vanguard" will proclaim their freedom from "extra-European profit interests." Equality-equality everywhere, but of the German kind. Can it be that Rosenberg has been reading Dostoievski? "Down with culture"' cries Ver- hovensky in "The Possessed," "We have had enough science! Without science we have ma- terial for a thousand years, but one must have discipline. The one thing wanting in the world is discipline. The thirst for culture is an aris- tocratic thirst; the moment you have family ties or love, you get the desire for property. We will destroy that desire; we'll make use of drunkenness, slander, spying; we'll make use of incredible corruption; we'll stifle every ge- nius in its infancy. We'll reduce all to a com- mon denominator." The great ideal is equality. So the fictitious Shigalyov, whom Verhovensky quotes, advocates the lowering of educational standards, the de- gradation of science. Great intellects have "al- ways done more harm than good." They must be banished or put to death. "Cicero will have his tongue cut out, Copernicus will have his eyes put out, Shakespeare will be stoned . . . that's Shigalyovism." It was a travesty of nihilism that Dostoievski conceived--so much of a travesty that Gorky protested against the dramatization of "The Possessed" by the Moscow Art Theatre, on thi score that Dostoievski was the evil genius of Russian literature. What was once an undis- guised and vitriolic lampoon has become the erpP1 1 r1 crrof R ,,f 'D che Drew PecrSos aid Q Robert S.Allen WASHINGTON--Way back in the Coolidge Administration ex-Senator Walter Edge of New Jersey proposed a "second Panama Canal" to be built through Nicaragua. The proposal was considered an excuse for Sen- ators to take a free trip to Nicaragua, and nothing ever came of it. Today, however, a lot of people in the Army. Navy and on Capitol Hill are wishing that the Edge pro- posal had been acted upon. For they know, though most people do not know, that a secret test raid on the Panama Canal was made during the last naval maneuvers. And it was most disastrous. Air experts long have asserted that the canal is easily vulnerable from the Pacific side, for there are no protecting islands in the Pacific from which radio stations can warn of an approaching enemy. (On the At- lantic side are Haiti, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and others.). So during the last naval maneu- vers, waves of "enemy" planes were sent from carriers several hundred miles off the Pacific Coast. They were instructed to get through the barrage of mock anti-aircraft fire protecting the canal and blow up the locks. The result almost caused the military chiefs to jump out of their boots. An average of three out of five planes making the attack got through unscathed and dropped their bombs. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN SUNDAY, MAY 26, 1940 VOL. L. No. 173 Notices American Red Cross: Will all those who wish to contribute to the fund now being raised to aid the suffering thousands of Europe please bring your donations to the office of Assist- ant Dean Lloyd Woodburne, Angell Hall, or to the Information Desk in the Business Office, University Hall. You may have a receipt for your contribution and may also designate the country in which you wish your contribution to be used. Lloyd S. Woodburne Herbert G. Watkins Committee I Building. Chairman, H. W. Nord- meyer. Dorothy Gail Engle, Chemistry; Thesis: "Basic Chromic Nitrates." Tuesday, May 28, 2:00 p.m., 309 Chemistry. Chairman, R. K. McAl- pine. Robert Eugene Gaskell, Mathe- InaticS; Thesis: "A Problem in Heat Conduction and an Expansion Theor- em." Tuesday, May 28, 2:00 p.m., Eati Council Room, Rackham Build- inChairman, R. V. Churchill. Room Assignments for Final Ex- amination in German 1, 2, 31, 32, Tuesday, June 11, 2-5 p.m. German 1: All sections 1025 A.H. German 2: Philippson, Diamond, Gaiss, 25 A.H. Graf, Braun, Willey, Poll Tax Evils Hamper Progress . . i C RITICS of Southern poll taxes have been told for years that what the Southern states do is none of their business. They have been assured that poll taxes are necessary in order to eliminate ignorant voting by some of the population. This argument might have been more acceptable if unscrupulous pol- iticians had not taken advantage of the exis- tence of the poll tax to maintain themselves in office. Of 73 Representatives who have served five consecutive terms or more, 30 are from the eight states requiring poll taxes, and in the Senate, five of the 13 who have been in office for 20 years or more are from these eight states. This longevity in office cannot be attributed to merit alone when such cases as that of "Cotton Ed" Smith exists. He was elected by 5.5% of the potential ballots of South Carolina. He received 45,351 votes, his opponent 508, while there are 817,584 people eligible to vote in the state, ex- cept for the poll tax bar. HIS IS NOT an isolated case. In the last presidential election the voting average in " Tennessee was 33.5% (top of the eight states) and went as low as 14% for South Carolina and 16% for Mississippi, -while the average for the nation as a whole was 64%. The poll taxes result in "permanent" politi- cians, as they pay the poll taxes of the people who will vote for them. Long terms give the men seniority in Congress and key positions which permit them to control policies. The poll tax Representatives hold the balance of power in eight of the 17 major House commit- tees, and chairmanships in six others. In the Senate they hold the chair in seven committees out of 14. Such domination has proved hampering to the country as a whole, as the poll tax Con- gressmen have voted against progressive legisla- tion consistently. Dies, the notorious witch hunter, is in Congress by virtue of the vote of eight per cent of his constituency. Smith, advo- cate of the amendments calculated to cripple the National Labor Relations Act, was put into office by 10 per cent of the people of his dis- trict. The leader of last year's almost success- ful attack on the Wages-and-Hours Act was Cox of Georgia (voted in by 3.8 percent of his dis- trict) who is also notable as having voted against every relief bill since 1933, and having found a place on the public pay roll for nine of his New Locks Or Ilases? On Capitol Hill there has been a hot inner row regarding new locks for the Panama Canal. The War Department requested $15,000,000 for immediate work on a new set of locks which, in the end, would cost $277,000,000, and earlier in the ses- sion, the House of Representatives balked at this. But the Senate OK'd the expenditure, and they are now threshing out the matter in com- mittee. However, the new locks would niot be completed for six years, and even when completed could be just as easily wrecked. So with the debate made largely theoretical by the latest naval ma- neuvers, Representatives Francis Case of South Dakota and Ed Izac of California, Annapolis-trained Na- vy veteran, advocate a more imme- diate and practical solution-the acquisition of the Galapagos and Cocos Islands as air bases, similar to Puerto Rico and Guantanamo. These lie 1,000 and 500 miles, respec- tively, away on the Pacific side of the canal. Both Ecuador, which owns the Galapagos group, and Costa Rica, which owns Cocos Islands, have in- dicated their willingness to nego- tiate a sale or lease of the islands. But so far, despite the urgent ap- peals of the War Department, Secre- tary of State Hull has made no move in this direction. He takes the posi- tion that overtures might arouse Latin American fears of U.S. in- tentions.. Meanwhile the nation's "lifeline" between the Atlantic and the Pacific continues to be one of the weakest links in our national defense. LaFollettes In Mexico Mrs. Josephus Daniels will not soon forget the visit she ad in Mexico City from Mr. a d Mrs. Philip LaFollette of Wisconsin. The Ambassador to Mexico invited the former Governor and his wife to dinner when they arrived on tour. When the LaFollettes accepted, other guests were invited for the occasion. Mrs. Daniels is well aware that visitors to Mexico often suffer stom- ach disorders, and she takes care that only the best food is served at her table. But when the first course-a de- lectable fruit cup-was set before the guests, Mrs. LaFollette, seated at the right of the Ambassador, called down the table to Governor LaFollette, seated at the right of Mrs. Daniels, "Phil! Don't you touch this fruit cup. Remember, we're not to eat fruit in Mexico!" Throughout the meal, after in- specting this dish and that, she called down the table to her hus- band, admonishing him to abstain from the Embassy food. Mrs. Dan- iels tried to pass it off with polite assurances, but Mrs. LaFollette re- mained hygienic to the end. French Peace It is difficult to know how much credence to put in it, but there is a report in French circles that Hitler already has indicated to Paris what his peace terms are. He would require the surrender of Tunis and French Somaliland to Italy, and the complete severance of the alliance with Great Britain. But Freshmen and Sophomores, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts: All students who will have less than 60 hours of credit at the end of this semester are urged again to see their Academic Counselors before leaving the campus to have their fall elec- tions approved. Your cooperation will be much appreciated. Arthur Van Duren' Chairman, Academic Counselors All students who wish to apply for aid through the National Youth Ad- ministration for next year, 1940-41,' should leave their home addresses with Miss Smith, Room 2 University Hall, before the close of this semes- ter. J. A. Bursley, Dean of Studentsi To Members of Phi Eta Sigma there is offered one or more scholar- ships of $300 each from the Thomas Arkle Clark A(emorial Fund, to be used by a member for the first year of graduate work. The scholarship grant is based on high scholastic record, evidence of creative ability, evidence of financial need, promise of success in the chosen field, and individual personality. For further details, inquire at the Dean's Office in Room 2, University Hall. The Inter-Cooperative Council Per- sonnel Committee is accepting appli- cations for room and board for next semester. For further information call Har- old Osterweil, 7250, or Dick Shuey, 2-2143. Academic Notices Doctoral Examinations: Marion Elizabeth Pellett, Bacteri- ology; Thesis: "The Gas Metabolism of a Group of Saprophytic Acid-Fast Organisms with Special Reference to Bacillus Phlei." Monday, May 27, 2:30 p.m., 1564 E. Med. Chairman, M. H. Soule. Milton John Roedel, Chemistry; Thesis: "The Structure of the Diazo- phenols." May 27, 2:00' p.m., 309 Chem. Chairman, C. S. Schoepfle. Hattie Bell Q. Ross, Speech; The- I Conflicts in Final Examinations in the Engineering College must be reported by May 28. See bulletin board at Room 3209 E. Eng. Bldg. for instructions. D. W. McCready Physical Education for Women: Individual sports tests will be given during regular class hours on Mon- day, Tuesday and Wednesday, May 27, 28 and 29 in the following activi- ties: Archery, Golf, Riding, Swim- ming and Tennis. The canoeing test will be given on Tuesday, May 28, ,at the Canoe Livery from 1:00 to 3:00. Students wishing to take these tests are asked to sign up at the desk in the Women's Athletic Building. Concerts Graduation Recital: Beryl Harri- son, violinist, of St. Louis, Michigan, will be heard in recital, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Music degree, Mon- day evening, May 27, at 8:15 o'clock in the School of Music Auditorium, on Maynard Street. The public is invited to attend. Graduation Recital: Donn Chown, baritone, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, will be heard in a voice recital, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Music degree, Tues- day evening, May 28, at 8:15 o'clock, in the School of Music Auditorium on Maynard Street. The public is invited to attend. Today's vents Graduate Outing Club will meet today at 2:30 p.m. in the rear of the Rackham Building. An outdoor pro- gram is planned, with supper avail- able if desired. All graduate students and faculty invited. Those interested in forming a sum- mer session committee to continue the Outing Club program through the summer session, call Abe Rosen- zweig at 8233. The Lutheran Student Club will hold its Senior Banquet Sunday at 5:30 p.m. at the Zion Lutheran Atomobile Regulation: The follow- 231A.H. Stzriedieck, Broadbent, C AH.H. Edwards, Pott, Schachtsiek, ing schedule will mark the lilting of 1035 A.H. the Automobile Regulation for stu- German 31: All Sections, B H.H. dents in the various colleges and de- German 32: Diamond, Philippson, partments of the University. Excep- 25 A.H. Pott, Ryder, Schachtsiek, tions will not be made for individuals 35 A.H. Nordmeyer, 203 U.H. Reich- who complete their work in advance art, 201 U.H. Van Duren, B, H.H. of the last day of class examinations. All students enrolled in the follow- English I and IT: Final Examina- ing departments will be required to tion Schedule, Saturday, June 1, 9-12 adhere strictly to this schedule. a.m. College of Literature, Science ,and ENGLISH I the Arts: All classes. Tuesday, June LHalliday, 205 M.H ;Hanna,205 11, a't 5:00 p.m. M.H.; Stocking, 205 M.H. College of Architecture: All classes. ENGLISH II Tuesday, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. Arthos, 2003A.H.; Bader, 1035A.H.; College of Pharmacy: All classes. Baum, 1025A.H.; Bertram, 1025A.H.; 'Tuesday, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. Boys,1025A.H - Calver,1035A.H.' School of Business Administration: Boys, C025.ve;Cver,1C 5Ha ; All classes. Tuesday, June 11, at Engel, C Haven; Everett, C Haven; 5:00 p.m. ' Vord, C Haven; Giovannini, 25 A.. So oEutnA cae Green, 25A.H.; Greenhut, B Haven; School of Education: All classes. Haines, B Haven; Hart, B Haven; Tuesday, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. Hathaway, 2225A.H; School of Engineering: All classes. Helm, 2013A.H.; Helmers, 16A.H.; Tuesday, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. Leedy, 103R.L.; Ogden, 103R.L.; School of Forestry and Conserva- O'Neill, W. Phys. Lect.; Peterson, 212 tion: All classes. Tuesday, June A.H.; Robertson, W. Phys. Lect.; 11, o: Music: All classes. Taes-pSchenk, 2225A.H.; Schroeder, W. School of Musi:All cls. Phys. Lect.; Stibbs, W. Phys. Lect.; day, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. s Walker, 2029A.H.; Weimer, 35A.H.; School of Dentistry: Freshman Weisinger, W. Phys. Lect.; Wells, 1035 Class, Tuesday, June 4, at 12:00 Noon. A.H.; Woodbridge, 2029A.H. Sophomore Class, Saturday, June 1, at 12:00 Noon. Junior Class, Satur- Zol 1 Fi day, June 1, at 12:00 Noon. Senior Zoology 1 al Examination: Sat- Class, Friday, May 31, at 12:00 Noon. urday, June 1, 2-5 p.m. A-L inclusive, Hygienists, Friday, June 7, at 5:00 West Physics Lecture Room; M-Z in- p.m clusive, Room 103 Romance Lang. Law School: Freshman Class, Tues- Bldg. day, June 4, at 12:00 Noon. Junior Conflict examination: Sat., June 1, Class, Wednesday, June 5, at 4:30 7-10 p.m. in Room 2103 N.S. Bldg. p.m. Senior Class, Wednesday, June 5, at 4:30 p.m. English 32 (Mr. Rowe's section): Medical School: Freshman Class, The assignment for Mon., May 27, is TMedcalKing Oedipus. Thursday, June 6, at 12:00 Noon. Sophomore Class, Saturday, June 8, at 12:00 Noon. Junior Class, Satur- English II Make-Up: Saturday, day, June 8, at 12:00 Noon. Senior June 1, 7-10 p.m., 1025A.H. Only Class, Tuesday, June 4, at 5:00 p.m. those students with a conflict at the Graduate School; All classes. Tues- regularly scheduled time (see above) day, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. will be admitted. Candidates for Master's Degrees, Tuesday, June 11, at 5:00 p.m. Can- The Bluebook in Geology 130 will didates for Doctor's Degrees; Wed- be given Wednesday, May 29, instead nesday, June 5, at 12:00 Noon. of Friday, May 31. Office of the Dean of Students