________________ ilt T TGAN 47I~ u TE MICHIGAN DAILY Leulis Speaks To Negro Congress: New Politcal Alignment ________---ll__________________________________________________-___-________ Ij j lr Nt ('efJ tNI L NNe,, bymf a N . MH wc-. w Edited and managed by students of the University of Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of Student Publications. Published every morning except Monday during the University year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All rights of republication of all other matters herein also reserved. Entered at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, Michigan, as second class mail matter. Subscriptions during regular school year by carrier, $4.00; 'y mail, $4.50. REPRESENTED FOR NATIONAL ADVENSING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative 420 MADISON AVE. NEW YORK, N. Y. CHICAGO BOSTON ' LOS ANGELES - SAN FRANCISCO Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1939-40 Editorial Carl Petersen Elliott Maraniss . . Stan M. Swinton Morton L. Linder Njorman 'A. Schorr Dennis ;Flanagan . . John N. Canavan . ,. Ann Vicary . Mel Fineberg . Staff . . . . . Managing Editor Editorial Director City Editor Associate Editor Associate Editor Associate Editor Associate Editor Women's Editor Sports Editor Seen Ev4 By ELLIOTT MARANISS OF irst-rate importance both to the Negro citizens and to the American people at large was John L. Lewis' speech last week-end to the delegates at the Third National Negro Con- gress. While the politicians of the Republican and Democratic parties travel around the coun- try making speeches that ostentatiously avoid any mention of the life and death issues of peace and jobs, Mr. Lewis is busy making his- tory. John L. Lewis is president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations; he is also chairman of Labor's Non-Partisan League, a political or- ganization embracing more than five million trade unionists in the CIO, AFL and indepen- dent unions. In themselves these two organiza- tions are of such crucial political and economic importance that they have been the galvanizing forces behind most of the progressive legislation enacted in the past few years. When, there- fore, Mr. Lewis offered the cooperation of these two groups to the American Youth Congress, a body representing more than four million young people, in order to "achieve legislation for the common welfare of labor and youth," it was apparent that a new and powerful force was emerging to challenge the leadership of the two old parties. Direction Is Devious R. LEWIS, of course, had made no mention of a third party to the Youth Congress. Even in his famous speech to the mine workers at Monangah, West Virginia, where he prom- ised to organize "Labor, youth, the Negro peo- ple, the unemployed, farmers, and old-age pen- sion groups" into a mighty political force, he made no direct mention of a political party. But the direction and the outcome of his course is obvious. It is a course forced upon all pro- gressive groups in the country by the tremen- dous shift in public policy undertaken by the Democratic party. When the war guns started booming in Europe, the Roosevelt Administra- tion abandoned its policy of attempting to solve the domestic crisis by improving the conditions and raising the purchasing power of the Amer- ican people, and adopted one that would make our economy dependent upon war, and the prof- its of war trade. No responsible leader of an organization of the people, whose urgent prob- lems-unemployment, housing, health, educa- tion, and peace-still demanded an answer, could follow the President on the road to war and deeper depression. Nor did the Republican party or Hoover and Landon, the consistent foes of WPA and other social expenditures, offer an alternative to the millions of progressive Americans who supplied the mass support for the Democrats in 1936. ndepen dent Organizration N THE LIGHT of these events, the activities of Mr. Lewis and of the leaders and mem- bers of other large organizations become clear. olving In Nation The only alternative left for the millions of Americans who want to continue to progressively solve the grave problems confronting our peo- ple is to organize independently for political ac- tion. ft is not at all a question of whether this is the proper course: the choice was not Mr. Lewis'. The only question that is pertinent is whether or not it can be done in time for the coming election. And it is in this respect that Mr. Lewis' speech to the Negro Congress is of crucial importance and timeliness. Added now to the millions of citizens in the CIO and the Youth Congress who are pledged to a program of peace and employment, are the millions of Negro citizens, who offered to cooperate with labor and youth to achieve common ends. Mr. Lewis' speech at the Negro Congress was a sensitive and sincere address, a welcome res- pite from all the cant and hate that is being aired these days. Keenly aware that the Negro people, more than any other group, are affected more directly by the social evils of unemploy- ' ment and insecurity, Mr. Lewis urged them to organize for their rights. He pledged to the Negro Congress that "labor will fight side by side with you" for the basic civil liberties of the American people, "because labor knows that only through the preservation of the Bill of Rights can the high purposes of our nation be attained." Full confirmation of the sincerity of his words came when he pledged the entire support of the CIO for the passage of the anti- lynching bill and for the anti-poll tax bill. The poll tax is an oppressive instrument which deprives millions of Americans of the right to vote. He warned the Negro delegates that the people who are trying to get us into war are getting bolder, and told them to "beware of the propaganda of agents of foreign countries that we have an obligation on the side of the Allies." Tentative Conclusions IT IS TOO EARLY to make any predictions about the outcome of the movement that has started among the rank and file of the organized men and women of the labor, youth and Negro movements. However, some tenta- tive conclusions can be made at this time. In an incredibly short period of time a far-reach- ing political re-alignment has taken place among a large section of the people. Around a joint program of peace, civil liberties and jobs these groups are moving toward indepen- dent political action. A political hurricane is beating about our ears. Not since the days when Lincoln and groups of anti-slavery crusaders formed the Republican party have events of such profound implications been witnessed on the American scene. The time is short; the odds high. Yet the situation confronting Lin- coln and the Michigan farmers and New Eng- land factory hands who went to battle against the slave power was even more forbidding. The common people of America will once mo .p respond to a crisis in the country's history b effective, organized political action. In the bal- ance lies the peace and prosperity of the peo- ple of America. Business.Stafff Business Manager . Asst. Business Mgr., Credit 'Manager Women's Business Manager . Women's Advertising Manager Publications Manager . . Paul R. Park Ganson P. Taggart Zenovia Skoratko Jane Mowers Harriet S. Levy NIGHT EDITOR: RICHARD HARMEL The editorials published in The Michigan Daily are written by members of The Daily staff and represent the views of the writers only. National Solution Of Migration Problem. . TROUGHOUT much of the past two decades, the problem of the Amer- ican migratory worker has become increasingly evident, increasingly critical. It has been dram- atized not only in such books as "The Grapes of Wrath" but also in countless publications and articles. It has concerned not only the state of California, but also such states as North Carolina, Texas, Florida, Indiana, Michigan and New York. And, finally, it has concerned the national government. For, recently, the House of Representatives, acting on a resolution proposed by Representa- tive Tolan of California, has decided to inves- tigate the causes for the annual migration of an estimated 2,000,000 persons and to attempt to find a solution or amelioration of the problem. THE SITUATION is complicated by several factors. There has been, first, the migra- tion of the Negro from the South to the northern industrial centers and this migration has been accompanied by all the problems engendered by the change of the Negro from an agricul- tural to an industrial economy and the race prejudice, especially stimulated by a depression, he has met. There has been, secondly, the problem of the white agricultural worker who has migrated to the large industrial centers to find work, has glutted the labor market and has been a severe drain on these cities' relief budgets. The relief problems in such cities as New York, Detroit, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and many cities on the West Coast, are largely results of the migration problem. Probably, however, the most pronounced migra- tory distress has been the agricultural workers from such regions as the Dust Bowl moving to find better agricultural work on the West Coast, particularly California. In answer to all these migrations, the cities and states affected, though they have given the ;migrants some relief, have, for the most part, attempted to discourage the migrant from en- tering and, at the same time, encourage those migrants already entrenched in the vicinity to leave. In New York, for example, the state has gone so far as to provide, by law, for the deportation of a migrant. The constitutionality of such a law, setting such dangerous prece- dents, is yet, however, to be determined. PERHAPS the best aid to migrants, however, has come from the national government. The Farm Security Administration with its tem- porary housing facilities and the Works Project Administration with its job relief money have both served to mitigate the problem somewhat. But the most progressive step toward the solu- tion of the problem has come from the House of Representatives, in its recent proposal to investigate the problem on a national basis. For the migration problem, complicated by such national factors as depression and drought, is truly a nation-wide problem and, as such, can only be solved on a nation-wide basis. The House's action was a significant move toward that solution. - Laurence Mascott There is increasing opposition to the proposal, under the President's fourth reorganization plan, which would place the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the position of a bureau of the Department of Commerce and abolish the Air Safety Board. Protests against such action have T-aa mnr frn maenv ,uar .r inludin the THEATRE B~y JOHN WEIMR (of the English Department The Deutscher Verein, directed by Dr. Otto Graf of the German De- partment, took over the Mendels- sohn Theatre last evening for a well-mannered performance of Les- sing's high comedy, Minna von Barnhelm. There can be no doubt that the revival of dramatic classics, both in; our own and in foreign tongue, is; a prerogative of the university stage. Too often, of course, one can say little more than that after watching a group of amateurs rattle the bones of some masterpiece behind the foot-; lights for two hours or more, all in the name of "acting." Happily, on this occasion, Lessing and Minna had better luck. The five acts moved with pace (and grace), in spite of exorbitant demands made by this type of play on the ingenuity of the director and the talents ofbthe performers. High comedy has been well defined as that sort whichnevokes thoughtful laughter-of which there was a quantity last night. The definition implies that the interpreters must be richly endowed with one of For- tune's (apparently) rarest gifts, the ability to speak well, since they must make their appeal almost exclusively by this means. Here the Deutscher Verein's thespians handled their as- signment astonishingly well. One blenches before the realization of all that linguistic "homework." Last night there was an overwhelming gush and rush of Teutonic polysyl- lables on the Mendelssohn stage. There had to be, of course; Lessing's concept of theatrical humor pre- cludes the convenient device of get- ting a laugh by requiring that some minor character shall fall on his puss when things get dull. An able cast managed to keep things lively without such hanky- panky last night. The two female protagonists just possibly walked off with major honors. In the title role, Ethel Winnai more than ful- filled the promise given in earlier productions of the Verein. Her Min- na had charm and poise, and was in addition something good for the eyes, particularly in the lovely garb provided for the fourth and fifth acts. As Franziska, the inevitable servant-confidante who is the real dea ex nmachina of any comedy of love intrigue, Betty Ramsay had an enviable opportunity to steal the show and the good taste not to do so. Occasionally she was called upon to practice the great art of being inconspicuous on the stage, while other characters tied the knot she well knew she would be later re- quired to untie, but even this she did impressively well. Among the men, Kenneth B. Mar- ble had the greatest responsibilities as Major von Tellheim, a dismissed officer whose accumulated misfor- tunes include a philosophy which motivates the action of the play. In brief, he could not love the hero- ine so much, loved he not honor more; anyone can imagine what difficulties this position gets him and everyone else into. Marble made the exacting part convincing, evcept for occasional inelasticity. It can well be that his mood was too well sustained. David Gibson was more successful as an inquisitive and ac- quisitive landlord, displaying greater relish for the lines given him than some of the other performers dis- played for theirs: William Mills Todd, servant to the moody von Tellheim, grumbled and roared al- ternately. Howard Wallach made a generous and romantic Paul Werner, suitably rewarded as the curtain fell. Cordon Avery, Alexander Miller, and Carl Petersen, temporarily a truant from The Daily, also ran, in inter- esting bits. Undoubtedly, however, the warmth and maturity of the performance by J. Stanhope Edwards as Riccat de la Marliniere was the feature of the evening. He had them in the aisles. Library Extension. Work Hundreds of Michigan citizens from' all walks of life annually take .ad- vantage of the mass of informative material held for distribution by the Extension Services offices of the Uni- versity Library. Teachers, students, clubwomen, civic and social workers are to be found among those who make requests for pamphlet or clipping material to aid them in preparing addresses or papers or merely for study. Organized in 1911, the University Extension Division was aimed at pro- moting "the cause of education and the advancement of culture through- out the State." How well it has done that is attested by the great volume of correspondence which it weekly re- ceives. Among those subjects about which correspondents most frequently ask are vocational guidance and various school problems. Teachers, especially of the primary and intermediate grades, ask Extension service offices for information which may be used' to guide their pupils into studies in (Continued from Page 2) W.A.A. Swing Concert, Wednesday, May 1. Staff Assistants' Applications: Stu- I dents who will be enrolled in the Uni-L versity during the coming year and 1 who wish to apply for Staff Assistant- ships in the Residence Halls for Men and Women may obtain applicationd blanks in the Office of the DirectorF of Residence Halls, 205 South Wing,. U.H. Preference will be given to graduateF and professional students in the selec- tion of appointees for Stockwellq Hall, for the Adelia Cheever House, for the East and West Quadrangles, and for Fletcher Hall. 'A few Staff 1 Assistantships in Mosher Hall and in, other Houses will be open to under-n graduates. Undergraduates who0 have lived in University of Michigans Residence Halls are by no means dis- couraged from making application. Karl Litzenberg Summer Employment: The Bureau 1 of Appointments has received a call for some young colored women to act as camp counsellors for the week of August 15-23. For further infor- mation concerning this, please call i at the Bureau of Appointments, 201 Mason Hall, office hours 9-12, 2-4.u Tennis Tournament: The secondd round of the women's singles must be played off by Thursday, May 2. Academic Noticest English 154: The class will not meetP this evening. ConcertsV Graduation Recital: William Pres-I ser, violinist ofdSaginaw, with Wil- liam Schottstaedt at the piano, will give a recital in partial fulfillmentv for the degree of Bachelor of Music at the School of Music Auditorium on Maynard Street, Wednesday, May 1, at 8:15 o'clock, to which the gen- eral public is invited.3 Exhibitions An Exhibit of the Art of Easternn Asia, under the auspices of the Insti- tute of Fine Arts on the occasion of the opening of new quarters for Far Eastern Art in Alumni Memorial Hall, through Friday, May 3 (2 to 5i p.m. only). Retrospective exhibits of the etch- ings and drawings of Dr. Warren P. Lombard, and the paintings of Hor- atio W. Shaw, until May 3, West Gal- lery, Alumni Memorial Hall, 2-5, everyI day, including Sundays. Auspices.t University Institute of Fine Arts and Ann Arbor Art Association.- Lectures University Lecture: Dr. Kazys Pakstas, Professor of Geography at the University of Vytautas-the-reat (Kaunas, Lithuania) will lecture on "The Baltic States: Gateway to Rus- sia" under the auspices of the De- partment of Geography at 4:15 p.m. on Wednesday, May 1, in the Rack-t ham Amphitheatre. The public is cordially invited. Henry Russel Lecture: Dr. FrankI N. Wilson, Professor of Internal Med- icine, will deliver the Henry Russel Lecture for 1939-40 at 4:15 p.m., Thursday, May 2, in the Rackham Lecture Hall, on the subject "Thet Electrical Currents Produced by the Heart Beats" (illustrated by stere-l optican). The Henry Russel Award for 1939-40 will beannounced at this time. . The public is cordially invited. Carnegie Lectures: Dr. Carlos Del- gado 'de Carvalho, Professor of Soci-7 ology in the Colegio Pedro II and Pro- fessor of the Geography of Brazil in the University of Brazil, the Visiting1 Carnegie Professor, will be in resi- dence at the University of Michigan until May 10. The following series of lectures has been arranged under the auspices of the Division of the Social Sciences: "The Immigration Problem in Bra- zil" (Annual Phi Kappa Phi Lecture) today, 8:30 p.m., Michigan Union, Large Ballroom. "The New Brazilian State" on Mon- day, May 6, 4:15 p.m., Rackham amphitheatre. All of the above lectures are open to the public. Today's Events The Romance Language Journal Club will meet today at 4:15 p.m., in Room 408 R.L. The following papers will be read: William A. McLaughlin: A review of The Works of Francesco Landini (L. Ellinwood). Arthur G. Canfield: Amy Robsart, Cromwell and Paul Meurice. Graduate students are invited. Alpha Nu Speech Society will meet tonight at 7:30 in the Alpha Nu room in Angell Hall. Officers will hat n nmin n tpri fr the1 nnmnin a cr'lnnI to enter upon advanced studies in his- tory are especially invited to attend. Tau Beta Ph: Dinner meeting to- day at 6:00 p.m., Michigan Union. Dr. M. H. Soule of the Bacteriology Department will give an illustrated talk on his travels in Egypt. Michigan Union Schedule for to- day: Founder's Room: Engineering Research and Chemical Engineering Staff, 6:15 p.m. Rooms 222-3-4: Political Science Faculty, 12:15 p.m. Rooms 319-21-23: Sigma Rho Tau, 7:30 p.m. The Annual A.I.E.E. Banquet will be held tonight in the Grand Rapids Room of the Michigan League. Din- ner at 6:15. Professor John L. Brumm of the Journalism Department will speak. A.S.M.E.: Those members desiring to go on the Milford trip must sign the notice on the main bulletin board by 5:00 p.m. today. Pre-Medical Society will have a Smoker tonight at 8, in the Terrace Room of the Michigan Union ,which is open to all interested. Several members of the Medical School fac- ulty will be guests of the evening, and will lead the Pre-Medical stu- dents in diverse discussions. Phi Kappa Phi: The Spring Initia- tion of seniors and graduate students to Phi Kappa Phi will be held at 6:30 p.m. today in the Ball Room of the Michigan Union. Initiation will precede the banquet and Dr. Carlos Delgado de Carvalho will speak on "The Immigration Prob- lem in Brazil" at 8:30 p.m. Members desiring reservations should notify the secretary, R. S. Swinton, Uni- versity phone 649, Room 308 Engin- eering Annex. The last All-Campus Bridge Tour- nament will be held tonight in room 305 of the Union beginning at 7:30. Small charge. Prizes. Transfer Orientation Advisers will meet today at 4:30 p.m. in the League. If you cannot attend, call Virginia Schwegler, 2-2569. American Student Union: A meet- ing will be held on the National Youth Administration today at 5:00 p.m. in the Union. All NYA workers are urged to attend. American Country Dances: Mr. George Lovett of the Ford School of Dance will present American Coun- try Dances to students, interested in teaching dancing, tonight from 7:30 to 9:00 in the Women's Athletic Building. Four meetings will be ar- ranged. Christian Science Oorganization will meet tonight at 8:15 in the chapel of the Michigan League. The class in Conversational He- brew will meet at the Hillel Founda- tion tonight at 7:00 p.m. The Music Section of the Faculty Women's Club will meet tonight at 8 o'clock, at the home of Mrs. A. Christman, 1613 Shadford Road. The Bibliophile Section of the Fac- ulty Women's Club will be enter- tained by Mrs. N. E. Nelson and Mrs. James Rettger at the home of Mrs. Rettger, 513 Oswego Street, today at 2:30 p.m. Coming Events Seminar in Physical Chemistry will meet in Room 122 Chemistry Build- ing at 4:15 p.m. on Wednesday, May 1. Dr. Eugene H. Eyster will speak on "Physical Investigations in the Struc- tural Chemistry of Azides and Cya- nates." Open House: The new buildings of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation In- stitute: Graduate and Post Gradu- ate Dentistry, and the Health Service will be open for inspection this week. Both buildings will be open for in- spection by members of the faculty and citizens of Ann Arbor from 7:30 to 10:00 on Wednesday evening, May 1. The Health Service building only will be open for inspection by Uni- versity students on Thursday eve- ning from 7:30 to 10:00, May 2. The purpose of these functions is to give the public an opportunity to view the general features of these unusual and interesting building pro- jects. No special exhibits are being planned. Members of the staffs will be present in the various units to explain them to visitors. Phi Beta Kappa: The Annual Initi- ation Banquet of the Alpha Chapter of Michigan will be held at the Mich- igan Union, Thursday, May 2, at 6:45 p.m. Dean Marjorie Nicolson of Smith College will be the speaker. All members of Phi Beta Kappa are urged DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Washington Merry-Go-Round You can write it down as certain that Joseph Patrick Kennedy, one of the most colorful and hard-working envoys ever sent to London, will resign as Ambassador to the Court of St. James's just as soon as the President will let him. Joe is not in very good health, is a bit bored with the job and also he has been a little too frank for the British. His statements indicating that the Empire might be in for a tough time before this war was won, did not sit so very well in London. Keeping Cotton King Next week, Henry Wallace and Milo Perkins will take the first step along a path which some economists think eventually will lead to solving the cotton surplus problem. This is the cotton stamp plan which on May 7 will stage its world premiere in Memphis, Ten- nessee. For the present, the plan will operate only in this area, and only on an experimental basis. There will be modest expansion later. There is a substantial difference between the food and cotton stamp plans. It is that only 10 or 15 cents of every dollar spent through the cotton stamps will go to the producer of cotton. In the food plan, when a reliefer buys a pound of butter, half the price returns to the farmer who made the butter. But cotton in- volves spinning and weaving, so the dollar has to be divided among the entire industry. Exit Tugwell Theory Nobody in the Agriculture Department admits it yet, but actually the cotton stamp plan marks an important departure from the original Tug- well-Wallace theory of restricting acreage. In- stead of growing less cotton and boosting the price, the effort will be to use more cotton. What Wallace's experts have been up against is fir'st the fact that Brazil, Argentina, and Peru are cutting in on the curtailed American mar- ket. Second, war-born purchases are bound to decline. Thus no amount of acreage reduction can solve the problem of surpluses-especially when yield per acre continues to increase. The only alternative is to put an extra shirt on the back\ of about 10,000,000 persons who live in the domain of King Cotton. In this case Cotton can hands of the President, help him become the battling champion of the working man once again. What the Rules Committee did was unprece- dented in Congressional history. It took the drastic Smith amendments after the Labor Committee had turned them down, and placed them, together with other amendments, before the House for consideration. It happens thaf both the AFL and the CIO are vehemently opposed to the Smith amend- ments. Further, the amendments haven't a chance to be enacted. Even if the House ap- proves them the odds are ten to one that they will never get out of the Senate Labor Commit- tee. Even if by some fluke they should get by the Senate, they will run straight into a pres- idential veto. ,This would give Roosevelt the change for , resounding salvo about the rights of labor and the infamy of the opposition. It would make marvelous campaign ammunition to belabor the GOP and to gag critics in union ranks. So the only gain the little group of NLRB- haters is likely to derive from its coup is the personal satisfaction of taking a poke at the Labor Board. To the inside leaders, with their eyes fixed on the coming crucial election, that is too expensive a luxury. 'Huns' Again ? .. . Winston Churchill exhumed a propaganda epithet of the first World War in his address Sunday when he spoke of "Hitler and his Huns." The word was a favorite of the Allies almost from the start of the former conflict, to impress the world with the alleged barbarism of their enemy. It was said to have been drawn from an address by the Kaiser, when he sent troops to help put down the Boxer Rebellion with an exhortation to be as ruthless toward the foe as the ancient Huns had been. We hope it will never be seen again, and that the British, too. will disdain to use so obvious a "smear word." No matter what their present leadership, labeling the people that produced Beethoven and Goethe with the name of a bar- baric tribe is too juvenile when the British are insisting upon their friendship toward the Ger- mans themselves. - St. Louis Post-Dispatch