y, 6rur :
THE MICHIGAN I I
MIARCH i. ilitl
U
TH E MICHIGAN DAILY
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Editorial Staff
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Managing Editor
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GULLIVER'S CAVILS
ray YOUNG G;ULIV ER
GULLIVER'S last Cavil was cut off somewhere to set before the children in City College the
before the end, but you probably got the moral bankruptcy of a dissolute mind ..."
idea. We have been appraising the status of E INCIDENT has been building up; it has
American culture so far, with a little essay on m
the possibilities of ghostwriting as a major made the front page of the Times for a
educational subject, and a criticism of the fund- week running. The Philistines are evidently
raising methods of the Metropolitan Opera. very eager to put the finger on Russell. But
Today we return to the educational scene. In the defenders of Russell have been growing in
New York City recently the College of the City number daily, and it is very heartening to see
of New York appointed Bertrand Russell as that the leading New York publishers, for exam-
Professor of Philsopohy. Now you would think ple, have come out with a blast against our
that this appointment would be cause for general native barbarians. They have been joined by
rejoicing; indeed, American students of mathe- leading educators all over the country. But one
matics and philosophy are lucky that Lord Rus- of the more depressing results of the barbarian
sell is in this country at all. But no, the vulgar- invasion of American education has been the
ians are on the march again, attitude of the Philosophy Department at CONY.
The Philistines have met in solemn conclave For some unknown reason, Russell's colleagues
and have decided that Bertrand Russell is un- in the Department decided that it was necessary
fit to teach mathematics and logic. That is to run through Russell's books and dig up
not all. They have decided that mathematics enough quotations to demonstrate that he "is
and logic are immoral. That is not all. They actuated by a strong ethical note in all hA writ-
have decided that Russell ought to go back where ing, praises liberal Christianity, believes that
he came from. hostility between religion and science is ended,
wishes to place family life on a permanent and
MAYBE you thought that this sort of thing happy basis, is not an opponent of marriage or
had ended about fifteen years ago, down advocate of easy divorce and has criticized Karl
in Dayton, Tennessee. Well, you're wrong. Last Marx, communism and tyranny in Russia as
Friday, the City Council of New York vote well as Germany." Now it is hard to see jus
(16 to 5) to ask the Board of Higher Education what all this has to do with Russell's capabilities
to rescind Mr. Russell's appointment. Council- as a logician. As far as Gulliver is concerned,
man Charles E. Keegan, a Democrat from the it is futile to even attempt to answer these peo-
Bronx, talked like this: "Regardless of what we ple on their own terms, because they are not.
as Councilmen think of Russell, any Councilman interested in logic, whether it be Mr. Russell's
who reads his mail knows that the great major- logic or just common sense.
ity of the taxpayers of the city do not want this Can you argue reasonably with a man who
alien coming in here with his moral code and has the effrontery to use the words "the moral
getting paid from the city treasury. We should bankruptcy of a dissolute mind" to describe one
step in now and destroy the plot which began of the greatest intellects of the twentieth cen-
three years ago, when the Board of Higher tury? Such individuals would, if they were
Education set its cap for this man of doubtful properly keyed up, take great delight in burning
moral character. The board was careful enougl4 Principia Mathematica in the public square
to make way for this alien--and it broke down because Russell was born in England, or in
the laws of this state by sneaking through legis- burning The Magic Mountain in the public
lation at Albany to let this man hold a public square because Thomas Mann was born in Ger-
office without American citizenship. He does many.
not thinly enough of this country to take oul it's true that the whole fuss is quite ludi-
his first citizenship papers, and yet Ife is t YEsh
get $8,000 a year from public funds. His alien crous. But consider how far removed the
character alone is ground enough for expulsion." antics of the American vulgarians are from the
bestialities of the Nazis. From last Monday's
T'HE NEW YORK TIMES goes on with the Times: "A person from Cracow who said that
story like this: "Mrs. Earle interrupted to he had talked to one professor told this corre-
ask if Mr. Keegan would erect barriers against spondent that 150 elderly scientists were jailed
the distinguished savants of the world on the in the Olympic Village of the 1936 Olympic
ground that they were aliens, and Mr. Keegan Games, which he been converted into a concen-
replied that he would condemn any circum- tration camp. They shared two big halls with
stances resembling those of the Russell appoint- a number of German Catholics from the Rhine-
ment. He made the same answer when Council- land and several criminals . . . The informant
man Laidler asked him if he would hold non- declared that the professors were garbed in old
citizenship a bar against teaching by Professor army uniforms with large numbers on their
Einstein. 'Councilman Keegan seems to think breasts. Their beards and heads were shaved,
that Russell is a guy looking for a job,' said he said. At 6 o'clock every morning they had
Councilman Straus . . ." to get up and clean their rooms, the toilets,
Whereupon Councilman Joseph E. Kinsley wash dishes and peel potatoes . . . Two priests,
got up and said that "It was Bishop Manning professors of theology, were kept separately in
who called attention to the fact that Russell a room allotted to the clergy and Jews, he said,
teaches barnyard philosophy. Children will play and added that the Bishop of Lublin was there
with poison if we let them. It is very dangerous too . ..
The DAILY WASHINGTON
MERRY-GO-ROUND
(This is the first of three articles deal-
ing with the Associated Farmers, their
organization, function and threat 1t
American democracy.)
I. Fascism, Incorporated '
By DAVID LACHENBRUCH
A new relief bill recently breezed
through the California legislature,
which is destined to drive from the
state, by starvation, at least 100,000
migrant workers. That is the esti-
mate of Carey McWilliams. Califor-
nia Commissioner of Immigration and
Housing.
This piece of legislation, especially
when viewed in the light of Stein-
beck's Grapes of Wrath, seems ex-
tremely unjust, if not completely
criminal. The law increases legal
residence requirement for relief from
one to three years, requires aliens
to prove legal residence, places re-
strictions on the spending of relief
money and includes provisions for a
fixed maximum payment of $55 per
month per family.
McWilliams, in an unsuccessful ap-
peal to U.S. relief officials- for aid,
said that under the new statute a per-
son could be stricken from the relief
rolls if he bought a toothbrush, since
the bill specifies that relief money
must be spent only for food, shelter,
clothing or utilities.
This appropriations bill, according
to McWilliams, "was forced upon the
state by the same old reactionary
gang that has been running Cali-
fornia for 15 to 20 years. That gang
is now working through the Associat-
ed Farmers, an organization of large
landowners in California."
An Omnipotent Lobby
This "gang," McWilliams has writ-
ten, has such an omnipotent lobby in
measure it desires. The Associated
Farmers have sponsored laws restrict-
ting the right of labor to organize,
because, in the words of their own
spokesman, such legislation "would
help cut down the cost of labor;" they
have forced the passage of many
other violently anti-labor bills, in-
cluding provisions prohibiting sym-
pathetic strikes, bills designed to pre-
vent the unionization of governmen-
tal and utility company employes,
laws limiting the relief accorded to
strikers, enactments outlawing the
Communist Party and prohibiting all
picketing. "Under the present sys-
tem," McWilliams stated, the Associ-
aited Farmers and affiliated groups'
"actually hold a legislative veto
through their control of the state Sen-
ate."
The Associated Farmers developed
from a group of large landowners
and bankers organized to combat the
growth of unionization, to a fascist
organization very similar in set-up to
many which are to be found in Nazi
Germany. Controlled to a great ex-I
tent by the Bank of America, the
largest land-owning corporation in
California, its main raison d'etre is
now to keep farm and factory labor
wages at a starvation level, and it
achieves this end by flouting law and
letting mob violence reign.
Bankers, Owners United
In 1934, when in some parts of
California the rising sun of labor or-
ganization showed itself, these bank-
ers and large farm-owners united to
suppress the growing movement for
better labor conditions in the state.
This organization now has a mem-
bership in California of 40,000, and
has as its goal, the driving, through
legal or extra-legal means, of all
labor unions from the state, thus
holding the cost of labor down to an
unlivable minimum. At present the
entire labor situation and practically
all of the government in California is
controlled, directly or indirectly, by
the Associated Farmers.
"Law Is Inadequate"
John Steinbeck writes: "The
large growers' groups (Associated
Farmers and affiliates) have
found the law inadequate to their
uses; and they have become so
powerful that such charges as
felonious assault, mayhem and
inciting to riot, kidnaping and
flogging cannot be brought
agains them in the controlled
courts. They practise a system
of terrorism that would be un-
usual in the fascist nations in the
world. A continuation of this
approach constitutes a criminal
endangering to the peace of the
state."
At its inception in 1933, members
of the Associated Farmers pledged
themselves "to help one another in
case of emergency . .". to cooperate
to harvest crops in case of strikes and
to offer their services to the local
sheriff immediately as special depu-
ties in the event of disorders arising
out of picketing and sabotage." The
Associated Farmers started, in other
words, as a large fraternity of strike-
breakers.
Pledged To Report
Each member of the organization
is pledged, "in case of trouble," to
report at the local sheriff's office.
Frank J. Taylor, defending the Asso-
ciated Farmers in the Country
Gentleman (Oct., 1937), explained
that "under agreement with the local
sheriffs, no volunteer farmer will be
asked to carry a gun or throw a gas
bomb, even if he is deputized. He is
armed with a pick handle about 20
inches long. A good many of the
Associated Farmers would prefer fire-
arms. But they have been overruled
by cooler heads who say that in the
heat of defending their homes by in-
vading strike pickets, the embittered
farmers might use their guns too ef-
fectively and turn public opinion
against the organization."
It seems a bit ironic to conceive,
however, of these "embittered farm-
ers" defending their "homes" against
strikers, when most of these "farm-
ers" are large corporations, and about
50 per cent of the farm lands of
Central and Northern California are
controlled by one organization-the
Bank of America.
(The second article in this series will
follow.)
Sowing Seeds For Grapes Of Wrath:
ITE-l2 ASSOCIATED FARMERS
NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT W. BOGLE
The editorials published in The Michigan
Daily are written by members of The Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
only.
Unemployment
Survey Needed .
U NEMPLOYMENT, the permanent
bugaboo of workers, employers and
government officials, has come in for consider-
able comment lately. Republicans are accusing
the Roosevelt administration of failure to cope
with the problem; Democrats are claiming that
their political opponents are exaggerating the
number of unemployed persons in the country.
And the figures available today on American
unemployment display considerable inconsisten-
cy, ranging from 2,000,000 to 12,000,000.
The federal government has never taken a
really authoritative count of the unemployed,
and government measures related to employ-
ment have always been along lines of emergency
pathology rather than along those of research
aimed at its cure. In fact, the Department of
Labor is always careful to warn that it offers
no figures on unemployment.
The CIO advances regularly what is often
termed the "largest employment" theory. Its
figures are based upon union and Government
reports and show the number of unemployed
to be approximately 12,000,000. This figure is
said to be an increase of 14 percent over Decem-
ber, 1929, which is generally accepted as a month
which the nation was near peak prosperity.
The Glenn Frank Report, employed most
frequently by government officials, accepts fig-
ures which place the number of unemployed at
about 8,000,000. The compilers of this figure
take into account the idea that September, not
December, 1929, was the high-water month of
American prosperity and also the thought that
increases in total population since that date have
added to unemployment. This leads to the con-
clusion that, in proportion to population, there
are 7,000,000 fewer persons employed than at
the time of the peak in 1929.
The "little unemployment" theory claims
that, including WPA workers, there are actually
more people employed now than in December,
1929-1,865,000 more. Assuming a population
increase of 3,800,000, the believers in this theory
come to the conclusion that there are actually
only approximately 2,000,000 unemployed in
the country today.
The discrepancy in these estimates shows
the difficulty of preparing any program to fight
unemployment. It also shows the need for the
establishment of some authoritative agency for
the collection of accurate figures on unemploy-
ment. Without such figures little can be done
to keep everyone at work who wants to be at
work.
The 1940 census is one step that is being taken
to secure the figures. Another is being made
by about 60 members of the House of Represen-
tatives-Democrats, Republican, Farmer-Labor-
ites and Progressives-who have organized them-
selves into a conference on unemployment and
have appointed 12 sub-committees to deal with
the varying phases of the subject.
It is only through such measures and through
cooperation with them that we can see the un-
employment problem as it really is and that
we can do something to correct its evils.
-- William Newton
The Sheltered Life
Are you as a student leading the sheltered
life or the exposed life?
the California
able to push
legislature that it is
through almost any
AT THE urgent request of the Navy, Congress
included in the emergency national defense
appropriation, passed early in the session, $2,-
000,000 for the recall of 500 retired officers to
active duty. Later, before a House Appropria-
tions subcommittee, Rear Admiral John H.
Towers, Chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics,
declared that the Navy lacked enough pilots to
man all the planes it will receive under its
vast expansion program.
One of the officers recalled is a 66-year-old
veteran who was retired in 1914. But, despite
this urgent need and clamor for trained per-
sonnel, the Navy in June will let out a group
of eight of its most experienced flyers. The
men to be .dropped are at the height of their
powers, with world reputations, and fill some
of the most important flying commands in the
Navy.
If that doesn't make sense, neither do the
reasons behind it. They are just as fantastic.
There are two reasons:
First, and the root cause, is the Navy pro-
motion system. A Selection Board, made up of
non-flying brass hats, slated these ace pilots
for the junk pile ostensibly because they have
had no experience in commanding surface craft;
in other words, because they aren't seadogs.
But the real reason was that they are not Anna-
polis graduates. They came into the service
during the World War as enlisted men, ,'nd
though all are university educated, they don't
bear the Annapolis brand.
Second reason, and the most idiotic feature
of the whole affair, is that a bill to save the
pilots is blocked by a furious feud between the
chairmen of the two congressional naval com-
mittees, arising out of the unyielding insistence
of one of them, paunchy Senator David I. Walsh
of Massachusetts, on using the measure to keep
a personal friend in office as a Marine general.,
Me-First Statesmanship
When the Selection Board ordered the eight
flying commanders retired, widespread criticism
arose in aviation and congressional circles. Early
last year, with the approval of the President,
Representative Melvin Maas, ranking Republi-
can member of the House Naval Committee and
s wartime nilo t.drafted a hill designd to keepn
When H. R. 4929 was before the Senate,
Walsh, as chairman of the Naval Affairs Com-
mittee, slipped in a provision to save his frieid's
scalp. At the first conference meeting the House
members, headed by Naval Committee Chair-
man Carl Vinson of Georgia, demanded the
elimination of the "Meade rider." Walsh refused
and a heated row ensued. Only two other meet-
ings have been held since then, both ending in
fiery blow-ups between the rival naval chairmen.
Vinson has offered to compromise by giving
Meade the rank and pay of a retire Major Gen-
eral, but Walsh angrily refuses to make any can-
cession. He is so irate that he won't talk to
Vinson, and has served notice that he will attend
no more conference meetings unless assured Vin-
son will back down. And that's where the matter
rests.
Unless by June some way is found to break
this deadlock, one Senator's private pique will
cost the country the services of eight of its
greatest naval aviators-at a time when the Navy
is clamoring for more personnel and tens of mil-
lions of dollars are being spent to build up the
nation's air defenses.
Ace Flyers
Each of the eight Commanders has a notable
flying record, with more than 5,000 hours in the
air. They have performed hazardous missions,
won many honors for U.S. aviation, and are un-
equalled in their field. Outstanding among them
are:
Dave Rittenhouse, winner of the 1923 Schnei-
der (speed) Trophy in England and other races,
rated the top fighting-plane ace in the Navy.
Now on duty as Navy Inspector at the Grumman
aircraft factory.
Harold J. Brow, another racing pilot, did much
pioneer flying including service on the Langley
first U. S. Navy aircraft carrier. Now command-
ing officer of the Alameda, Cal, Naval Air Sta-
tion.
Andrew Crinkley, another aerial pioneer on
the Langley, made first round trip across the
U. S. in a seaplane. Now commander of the
Navy's four-engine bomber used as flagplane by
Admiral Arthur Cook, C.O. of the Aircraft Scout-
ing Force, who draws pay as a pilot but is not
Z14C DITOR
e JL--
To the Editor:
In three years on the campus here
at Michigan, I've read many articles
in the Michigan Daily. Some have
been good; some have been poor; some
have met with my approval; others
have made my blood boil. It was
not until I picked up today's Daily
that I was actually motivated to
write The Daily a comment upon its
content. However, today, I read an
article within your pages of infor-
mation and opinion that has forced
me, at long last, to break my silence.
I don't know who the gentleman
(or lady) who calls himself Young
Gulliver may be, but today convinced
me that he must be the unfortunate
possessor of a brain that would be
considered inadequate-even for a
Lilliputian. I feel that many people
share my opinion that anyone who
attacks the attempt of an institu-
tion such as the Metropolitan Opera
to perpetuate itself and spread the
gospel of good music does not have
even the smallest amount of culture
that one should expect from a col-
lege student-let alone a journalist.
Perhaps it is well that his identity
has been concealed. It doubtless
saves his face, if not his health.
He bases his main attack upon the
campaign on the contention that the
Met is the proud baby of the so-
called "Four-Hundred." In this he
is gravely mistaken, for if he has
ever had the chance or the honor
to sit in the Metropolitan House he
would realize that the real music
lovers are those people who night
after night pack the galleries and
family circles. These are the people
who would suffer if the Metropolitan
Opera was discontinued. These and
the millions of radio listeners like
myself who look forward to the Sat-
urday afternoon broadcasts as a re-
lief from the commercialized trash
of every day. By asking us for a
contribution of a dollar, they are not
compelling us to go into a state of
financial collapse. I firmly believe
that all of those who have contri-
buted miss the dollar much less than
they'd miss the Opera broadcasts.
It seems unfortunate that the so-
called free and liberal thinkers of
the campus have allowed themselves
to fall intwith the trend of thought
that just because the "moneyed
classes" are supporting a campaign
that the campaign is entirely worth-
less. Let us not forget that if it
weren't for the patrons who spon-
sored these expensive and valuable
projects, the less wealthy would be
unable to enjoy them too, and they
are in the vast majority.
We as Americans, should take pride
that the greatest opera in the world
comes from our fair land-irregard-
less of the nationality of the names
of the participants. Perhaps if the
"liberals" of this campus took stock
THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1940
VOL. L. No. 124
Notices
Students, =College of Lterature,
Science, and the Arts: Courses drop-
ped after Saturday, March 23, by stu-
dents other than freshmen will be
recorded E. Freshmen (students with
less than 24 hours of credit) may
drop courses without penalty through
the eighth week. Exceppions may be
made in extraordinary circumstances,
such as severe or long continued ill-
ness.
Assistant Dean E. A. Walter
Freshmen in the College of Litera-
ture, Science, and the Arts may ob-
tain their five-weeks progress reports
in the Academic Counselors' Office,
Room 108 Mason Hall, from 8 to 12
a.m. and 1:30 to 4:30 p.m. accord-
Wednesday, March 20.
Surnames beginning H through O,
Thursday, March 21.
Surnames beginning A through G,
Friday, March 22.
Diploma Applications: Graduate
students who expect to be recom-
mended for a degree in June, 1940,
and who at the time of registration in
February did not fill out a blue appli-
cation, please call at the office of the
Graduate School before March 23 to
file an application.
To All Faculty Members and Staff:
Special Employment Time Reports
must be in the Business Office today
to be included in the roll for March.
Pay day will be Friday, March 29.
All R.O.T.C. Advanced Course Stu-
dents, including Medical Advanced
Course, desiring tickets for the Mili-
tary Ball, to be held April 26, from
10 p.m. until 2 a.m., sign the list on
the bulletin board in R.O.T.C. Head-
quarters.
Ticket preference given to those
signing early.
The University Bureau of Appoint-
ments and Occupational Information
has received notice of the following
Detroit Civil Service examination to
be held May 4.
Transportation Equipment Opera-
tor, salary $.73 per hour.
Applications being issued from
March 18 to March 29, excepting Sat-
urdays.
Complete.announcement on file at
the University 'Bureau of Appoint-
ments and Occupational Information,
201 Mason Hall. Office hours: 9-12
and 2-4.
Doctoral Examination of Edison
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
privilege of inviting members of the
faculty and advanced doctoral candi-
dates to attend the examination and
to grant permission to others who
might wish to be present.
C. S. Yoakum
Concerts
Twilight Organ Recital: Palmer
Christian, University organist, will
give a special program of Good Fri-
day °music at 4:15 o'clock, on the
Frieze Memorial Organ in Hill Audi-
torium, on Friday, March 22. The
public is invited.
Exhibitions
Landscape Architecture Exhibit of
plans and photographs of examples
of the work of professional landscape
architects and planners from New
York to Hawaii is ondisplay in the
exhibition hall of the Architecture
Building. It will be open until the
end of this week. Of special inter-
est are the plans of the International
Peace Garden in North Dakota and
Manitoba, a plantation village in
Hawaii, New York City parks, etc.
Exhibition, College of Architecture
and Design: Photographs of Finnish
architecture, by Ernst L. Schaible,
'37A, Booth Traveling Fellow in Arch-
itecture in 1938. Architectural cor-
ridor, ground floor cases, through
April 5. Open daily 9 to 5, except
Sunday. The public is invited.
Lectures
University Lecture: Dr. Luigi Vil-
lari, formerly in the Italian Ministry
of Foreign Affairs antil on the staff
of the League of Nations, will lecture
on "Italy and the International Situ-
ation" under the auspices of the De-
partment of Political Science at 4:15
p.m. on Friday, March 22, in the Lec-
ture Hall of the Rackham Build-
ing. The public is cordially invited.
Lecture, College of Architecture and
Design: John Gray Faron, Jr., former
fellow of the American-Scandinavi-
an Foundation, will give an illustrat-
ed lecture "Stockholm Builds for the
Future" in the ground floor lecture
room of the Architectural Building
on Friday afternoon, March 22, at
4:15. The public is invited.
Toda's Events
Zoology Seminar: Mr. Laurence W.
Roth will report on "The Effect of
Hypophysectomy upon the Respira-
tory Quotient of Snakes" and Mr.
Harold E. Wallace on the "Life His-
tory and Embryology of Triganodis-