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Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control of
Student Publications.
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Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1938-3,9

in which the WPA appropriations were being
discussed.
Since July, the number on WPA rose from
2,900,000 to 3,350,000 as of Dec. 24, 1938, prin-
cipally because of a foreign situation which had
an adverse effect on business conditions and the
hurricane disaster in New England, as well as
the reasons given above. The increases in WPA
had eaten up the appropriation so that funds
left were ample to take care of relief needs only
through this January.
The $875,000,000 appropriation asked by the
President was to meet relief requirements for the
period covering this February to June, not for
the period beginning June, 1939, and ending
June, 1940.
What the billion-dollar program didn't absorb,
Senator Adams further implied, expanding busi-
ness would. Those workers who are laid off will
be taken up as business conditions improve, he
said. Never did he mention the possible ad-
verse effect of the lay-off of these workers on
business conditions, even granting that there
are only 600,000 cut off the relief rolls. He did
not add that with these 600,000 went possibly two
million others, conservatively speaking, members
of the families of those who would be laid off,
nor did he stop to calculate the effect upon mor-
ale of other WPA workers whose security of ten-
ure is theatened by more cuts of this kind. He
completely and illogically reversed the theory
of the administration as to relief. It holds that
as more and more workers voluntarily leave the
WPA rolls for private employment, the monthly
relief expenditures can be cut down. Senator
Adams would cut the workers first and then have
them shift for themselves until business condi-
tions have so improved that industry can absorb
them. In the meantime who is to take care of
them? The cities? The states? Friends? Relatives?
Mayor LaGuardia, spokesman for the United
States Conference of Mayors, has already pro-
tested to the Senate sub-committee that the
cities would be unable to care for those thrown
off WPA rolls. The states are practically bank-
rupt. The very fact that 600,000 people were on
the WPA rolls in the first place is to us prima
facie evidence that their private resources had
been exhausted.
Would not a more intelligent and certainly a
more humane approach to the problem of relief
be the support of workers until private industry
picks up enough to absorb them. The dollars can
roll for increased armaments, let them roll for
the bread and clothes of 600,000 or 1,000,000 WPA
men and women and their families..
-Albert Mayio
TH-EATRE
By NORMAN KIELL

Board of
Managing Editor. .
Editorial Director
City Editor .
Associate Editor
Associate_,, Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
Associate Editor
BokEditor
Women's Editor
Sports Editor .

Editors
Robert D. Mitchell
Albert P. May1o
Horace W. Gilmore
Robert 1. Fitzhenry.
S. R. Kleiman
Robert Penman
Earl G ilman
William 'Elvin
Joseph Freedman
Joseph Gies
Dorothea Staebler
Bud Benjamin

tWfeeBy lo Me
H eyood Br oun
Aldous Huxley once wrote a book whch sur-
prised his admirers by its ineptitude. It consisted
of a sophomoric satire of a co-operative commun-
ity, and it was called "Brave
New World."
The hero of the fantasy
was an American Indian
who, in his gallant and sav-
age way, resented the bene-
fits which the government
would confer upon him. In a
loud and rebellious way he
declared that he was a free
man and that he would fight for the privilege of
being cold and hungry, contracting disease and
starving to death.
In a rough way it seems to me that Vermont,
through its spokesman, Governor Aiken, is tak-
ing somewhat the same position.
This attitude of "Nobody is going to keep me
from getting knocked about," in my opinion, is
both sentimental and silly. The right to suffer
is truly an ancient one, but it is better honored
in the breach than the observance.
* *
Floods And Federals
The New England fight ranges around the
right of the federal goyernment to manage the
business of flood control. It is quite true that
neither Aiken nor any other New England leader
has said candidly that he would rather have the
muddy waters of swollen rivers flow above his
head than take orders from the U. S. Army en-
gineers. And yet it does get down to that in actual
practice.
The practical difficulties of leaving so much
authority to local sovereignty and so much to the'
national experts unquestionably makes the taske
of unified control difficult if not impossible.
It was my notion that the country had gone
all through this phase of thought during the dis-
cussion of TVA and that a vast majority of
Americans were in favor of following natural
geographical boundaries, .in certain instances,
rather than the more artificial barriers set up by
State division.
It is true that the Founding Fathers acted in
a wholly necessary way in making compromises
to fit the fears and suspicions of various com-
munities. Without certain reservations of rights
there could have been no Union. Indeed, para-
doxically enough, unity was founded by. the
sharpest sort of definition as to its limitations.
Even today a man would be doctrinaire to
argue for the abolition of all local authority. A
union may fall through its own weight. It 'can
become too perfect for its own good.
Even Earlier Authorities
But, though the Founonmg Fathers were wise
in their own generation and even for centuries to
come, I think there is a higher wisdom. The.
rivers and valleys and watersheds were created
long before there was a free State of Vermont.
And I do not see how local pride should operate
until Governor Aiken is powerful enough to say
to a raging flood, "Mark you well, oh waters, this
is Vermont and over there is New Hampshire.
Remember, flood, we were Republican even inI
1936, and so I issue on behalf of the sacred doc-
trine of States' rights the command, 'River stay
away from my door!,
It is my notion that the smallest brooks may
get into a mood where they mill be just as dis-
respectful to a. Governor as the tides were in
defying King Canute.
And so, I think it would be bettei all around to
keep the floods out and let the federals in.

The FLYING
TRAPy EZoy E
- By Roy Heath -

THURSDAY, JAN. 19, 1939
VOL. XLIX. No. 84

Business Department
84siness Manager. .Philip W. Buchen
Credit Manager . Leonard P. SiegelmAn
Adverktising Manager'. . William L. Newnan
Women's Business Manager . Helen Jean Dean
Women's Service Manager . . . Marian A. Baxter
NIGHT EDITOR: STAN M. SWINTON
The editorials published in The Michigan
Daily are written by members of the Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
only.
Economy And
WPA Cuts..
T HERE IS a much too ready willing-
ness to laud the action of the House
in cutting a -hundred and fifty million dollars
from the relief bill; a certain indefensible prone-
ness to look at the dollar sign and not behind
it' to the husband and father, wie and mother,
and the children who make up the human ele-
ment for which the bill is supposed to provide.
President Roosevelt at a press conference Tues-
day said that a million workers will have to be
removed from WPA rolls if the reduction goes
into effect. He estimated the total number which
would be affected by the cut at four to five
millions. He was of course thinking of the
families of the million who will be laid off.+
The President was promptly attacked by Alva
Adams, Colorado Democrat, chairman of the
Senate subcommittee on relief expenditures. The
figures of the President, he said, were gross ex-
aggerations: no more than 600,000 workers would
be affected, and many thousands of these would
be absorbed by the billion-dollar PWA program
and by industry which is expanding because of
better business conditions.
We don't know whose figures are correct, the
President's or the Senator's, as to the number
of people who will be cut off from relief. But
despite the importance of the difference be-
tween the two figures, we should like to disregard
it and take issue with the more fundamental
thing, the summary fashion in which Senator
Adams dealt with ,those 600,000 he admitted
would be ct off.
Senator Adams was evidetly referring to the
budget for the fiscal year 1940 beginning July 1,
1939. His statement seems to us, misleading on
two counts: first, because it confuses the purpose
of the funds which the President requested, and
second, because it overlooks the lag between
WPA cut and absorption of unemployed by
private industry.
The $875,000,000 which the President asked
was a deficiency appropriation. It was not a figure
belonging in the budget which the Congress will
consider for the fiscal year 1940. It was an
emergency figure designed to provide for WPA
workers for the period beginning in February
and ending in June, 1939. It is not, as Senator
Adams implies by his reference to the billion-
dollar PWA program, intended for the fiscal
year 1940.
To understand the present request of the
President we must go back to June 21, 193 when
Congress approved an appropriation for $1,425,-
000,000 for the fiscal year 1939 which began
July 1, 1938. At that time, according to the Presi-
dent in his relief message to Congress, Jan. 5, it
was understood that the funds were to.be appor-
tioned to cover the first eight months of the fiscal
year. This would have covered the period between
July 1, 1938 and F.eb. 28, 1939. The President,
according to' his. message, was authorized to
modify the ,appOrtiQment in the event of an
extraordinary emergency which couldn't be an-
ticipated at the time when the appropriation was
passed.
Buisiness 'colditiots were improving from
July, 1938, and'it'was felt-'that the appropriation

'The Petrified Forest'

And a 23-Skidoo!
Play Production breezed into the Lydia Men-
delssohn Theatre last night with a rip-roaring
mellerdrammer, couched in the venacular, half-
baked philosophy, two-gun shooting and some
durn good acting. The play, of course, is Robert
Sherwood's "The Petrified Forest."
Mr. Sherwood divides his play into two acts,
the scene, a gas station and lunch room at a lone-
ly crossroads in the Arizona desert. After writ-
ing a beautifully moving first act, the playwright
goes into the most obvious clap-trap and melo-
dramatic honky-tonk we have seen on the stage.
But it is almost good melodrama, for Mr. Sher-
wodd gives us people who are real and authentic.
Into his lonely scene comes an intellectual
hitch-hiker, Alan Squier, in search of something
he knows not what. The people he meets at the
lunchroom are also looking for something, they
know not what. Gabby Maple, who helps her
father run the place, thinks she wants a trip'
to France, and dancing people and happiness;
her boy friend is looking for the rainbow; her
father, for material gain.
And after some sensible observations on life
and such, Alan and Gabby and the rest meet,
in Act 2, Duke Mantee and his gang, wanted
for murder, robbery, etc, etc. It is here we see
the author attempting to pit Alan. the intellect-
ual, the man of inaction, the "noise without
sound," against Duke Mantee, the man of action,
the "shape with substance." But Mr. Sherwood
brings no depth to his Hamlet-like character,
only a merciful final gun-shot. No, Duke Mantee
wasn't joking when he said he'd be glad to leave
a good impression with Alan, and obliger.
Play Production acts out Mr. Sherwood's ex-
cellent first act and bad second act with swerve
and 'intelligence. Give first notice to Edward
Jurist's persuasively quiet performance of the
gangster, Duke Mantee; as he portrayed the man
of muscle suffering from the pangs of frustra-
tion, the role was doubly for-eful. As Alan, the
specimen of this in-between age in which we live,
Karl Klauser gave a charmingly understandable
and effective peformance, unhampered by any
priggisheness he could easily have fallen' into be-
cause of the part. But Nancy Schaefer, as Gabby,
was too obvious in her winsomeness to win the
sympathy the role called for; she tried too hard
to gain effect. The rest of the cast, especially
the gangsters in Duke Mantee's crew, turned in
commendable performances.
Robert Mellencamp's set for the Bar-B-Q
lunchroom is the best thing he has done to date;
it was beautiful collaboration with Mr. Sherwood.
As a final note, the two roles of Alan and
Gabby will be taken over tonight by James Bar-
ton and Ellen Rothblatt, and the two sets will
alternate on succeedin'g showings. It should
make for- interesting comparison.'-
Pleas Hull, official University of Georgia bell
ringer, estimates he has rung the instrument
250,000 times in six years.

DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Bulletin is constructive notice to all members of the
University. Copy received at the office of the Assistant to the President
until 3:30; 11: a.m. on saturday.

The Press
ri ~ i
(Editor's Note' This is the second in
a series of articles on the press. The last<
installment will consider the nature
and quality of political news reportingt
during the November 1938 campaign in
Michigan. Mr. Edward Magdol, '39. col-
laborated with the writer in the pre-
paration of this series.)
By ROBERT PERLMAN t
Adequate and fair presentation ofr
the news day by day is necessary in a
democratic nation, but it is never
more indispensable than at electiont
time when voters must rey to a great'
extent on their newspapers for infor-
mation on the policies and beliefs of
candidates and parties in order to*
support men who will represent them1
in government.
The role played by Michigan news-t
papers last November makes a par-c
ticularly interesting case study, fort
vital issues were at stake in the elec-
tion and the people were in sore needt
of the facts about Murphy's andt
Fitzgerald's activities in office and
their views on current social prob-
lems,
This is not so much a problem oft
the Michigan press and politics ast
it is a question of the Michigan press
in politics. A simpler way of posing
the question would be to ask, "Did t
the papers of this state favor thet
Republican or the Democratic Party
in their news columns and if so how?"r
The amount of space given to eacht
party can be considered a reliable
measure of favoritism in the hand-
ling of poltical news on the reasonable
assumption that the Democrats did
and said as much as the Republicans t
and vice versa to warrant an equal
number of column inches in the
papers. The Republicans were giveni
60 per cent of the news space de-
voted to the two parties in 138 week-
ly newspapers selected at randoml
from all parts of Michigan outside of
Detroit. While it is true that the1
Detroit daily papers cover the state,
the influence of the country weekly
shoud not be minimized-a considera-
tion which makes this figure of 60
per cent significant. The papers onf
which the calculation was made repre-
sent 37 per cent or more than one
third, of all the weeklies in the
state. The issues were for Oct. 20 or
27 or in some cases for both dates.
Analyzing the division of news
space further, we find that these .138
papers gave 57 per cent of their
front page Democratic-Republican
news to the GOP and its candidatest
--another important fact when it is3
remembered that page one is the most
coveted and influential spot for any
news. Sixty-five per cent of the two-
party news space on pages other than
page one went to the Republicans.
Another interesting matter in an
analysis of the press during a politi-
cal campaign is the relative amounts
of advertising space bought by each
party, since advertising and the rev-
enues that flow from it may and often
do, have a bearing on the news and
editorial policy of a paper. For the
weeklies covered in- this , survey 58
out of every 100 column inches of
advertising were bought by the Re-
publican Party or itfs candidates.
Michigan country weeklies do not
go .in heavily for editorials so that
the exactly 50-50 division of editorial
support between the Republicans and
Democrats' can be explained by qne
or two strongly New Deal papers that
over-balanced. . a more. widely dis-
tributed support for the Republicans
and their policies...
Most editors and .publishers will
admit; perhaps, reluctantly, that not
very' many newspaper readers pore
over editorials. And astute politicians
will admit, with ,little reluctance, that
publicity iii the news 'columns of their
party's meetings, platform and candi-
dates is worth far more than favor-

able -editorial 'comi'ent. ~VIt follows
that the 3 to 2 ratio 'of news cover-
age in favor of the Republicans was
a boon to 'Fitzgerald, and. Republican
office-seekers in general in this state.
Statistics alone do not give an ade-
quate picture of the' Michigan weekly
Press during the campaign; it is im-.

Noticesr
Henry Russel Award: The Commit-E
tee oi the Henry Russel Award re-
quests the members of the various 1
faculties to submit nominations for<
this distinction for the year 1939.
Nomintion blanks have been sent
to each of the heads of the several
departments of instruction in the
University and to the deans or ad-
ministrative heads of the various!
units. The Chairman of te Com-
mittee will be glad to supply addition-'
al blanks on request.
The attention of the various facul-"
ties is called to the statement on the1
blanks concerning the nature of the
award and the qualifications which
will guide the Committee in the selec-
tion of the recipient. It is desirable!
that consideration be given to all!
eligible faculty members who have
rendered conspicuous service to the
University, and that full information
be submitted ccncerning all candi-
dates nominated.
It is customary to announce the
award at the time of the Henry Rus-
sel Lecture, which may take place
this year as early as the first of
March. It is therefore requested1
that all nominations, accompanied by'
supporting material, be submitted to l
the Chairman of the Committee,
Margaret Elliott, 201 Tappan Hall,
not later than Feb. 15.
Scholarship Award for Detroit Stu-
dents of Armenian Descent. The De-
troit Armenian Women's Club an-
nounces that for the college year
1939-40 it will give a scholarship. of
$100 to a young man or woman of
Armenian parentage whose residencet
is in Detroit and who has demon-
Arated high scholastic ability in his
or her particular field of concentra-
tion. Recommendations of candi-
dates are to be made by the various
colleges and universities in Michigan.
Final selection of the recipient will
be made by the Scholarship Commit-
tee of the Club.
Students in this University who are
eligible and desire to become candi-
dates for the scholarship may apply1
to Dr. Frank E. Robbins, Assistant to s
the President, 1021 Angell Hall. E
Dance Orchestras: Any college band '
or orchestra, limited to five members,
that is interested -in obtaining pas-
sage to Europe and return next sum-
mer in exchange for furnishing or-
chestral music while on ship board,:
should communicate with Room 2, i
University Hall at once. - i
Choral Union Members. Members of
the Choral Union in good standing]
may obtain their pass tickets for the
Gigli concert Thursday night, Jan.'
19, by calling at the Recorder's Office
at the School of Music, Thursday be-
tween 10 and 12, and 1 and 4. Mem-
bers are .required to call in person,
and are reminded that no tickets will
be given out after 4 o'clock.
Student Book-Exchange: Attention,
Cashiers! Owing to the large number
of .applicants to the ,Exchange cash-
iership, there will be a test given to
those desirous of securing this posi-
tion, to be held Thursday night be-
tween the hours of 7 and 9 p.m. in
Room 319 of the Michigan Union.
Please be there, .as final selection
will be based on this test.
Academic 1'V o ices
Chemistry 63. For the blue book
on Thursday, Sections 1 and 2 will
meet in Room 151 and Section 3 in
Room 464.
.Latin 42, designed especially for
professional students in medicine and
the sciences, may be elected without
the usual prerequisite as announced
in the catalog. The content of the
course wlil conform to that of Latin
41.
Medieval Latin 136 may be elected
without the usual prerequisite as an-

nounced in the catalog. The content
of the course will conform to that
of Latin 135.
Scientific German. A course, Ger-
man .36, "Scientific German" will be.
offered in the second semester. It is
designed for and open only to stu-
dents who are concentrating or pre-}
paring to concentrate in one of the
natural sciences.
Prerequisites: Courses German 11
and 2 in the University (or equiva-
lent in high school), and German 31!
or 35. MTWF, 9. 203 U.H. Nord-
meyer. Four hours credit.
Graduate Students: PhD. exam
'inations" in chemistry. Preliminary
and qualifying examinations will be
held in Room 165, Chemistry Build-
ing, at one o'clock 'p.m., as follows:
Analytical Chemistry, Feb.'17, 1939
Organic Chemistry, Feb. 21, 1939.
General and Physical Chemistry,
Feb. 24, 1939.
SThose planning to take any of the
examinations are requested' to consult
Professor Bartell not later than Feb.
Ac13r
Attention is called to. the' ruling

19, at 8:30 o'clock, in Hill Auditorium,
taking the place of Kirsten Flag-
stad, whose November concert was
cancelled.
Cancertgoeis will please present for
admission coupon Number 4, reading
"Kirsten Flagstad." The concert will
begin on time, and the doors will be
closed during numbers.
Exhibitions
Two Exhibits: Paintings by Sarkis
Sarkisian, and prints from the col-
lection of the Detroit Institute of
Arts, under the auspices of the Ann
Arbor Art Association. Jan. 11 to 25,
afternoons from 2 to 5, North and
South Galleries of Alumni Memorial
Hall'
Textile Exhibition, College of Ar-
chitecture: A showing of modern
textiles consisting of rugs, hangings,
bedspreads and pillow cases, de-
signed by Marianne Strengell, now
on the staff of the Cranbrook Aca-
demy of Art, is on display in tie
ground floor cases of the Architec-
ture Building. Open daily, 9 to 5, ox-
cept Sunday, through Jan. 25. The
public is invited.
Exhibition of Chinese Photograp :
Exhibition of Chinese photograpic
studies ' by Cheng Chao-Min will be
presented in the Galleries of the
Rackha m Building from Monday,
Jan. 16, to Saturday. Jan. 21. Ti
showing is sponsored by the Inter-
national Center and is the last in "a
series presented for this semester.
Ex bition of Chinese Amateur Pho-
tograhy: Because of the interest, in
the exhibition of Chinese photog-
raphy which it is sponsoring in te
Rackham Galleries, the Internationl
Center has arranged to continue the
exhibition through next week; it will
close Saturday, Jan. 28. The display
rooms are open all day and in. the
evening, except on Sunday. Mr. Cheng
will be present most of the time to
comment on his work.
Lectures
University Lecture: A.J.B. Wae,
Laurence Professor of Classical Arch-
aeology in Cambridge University, will
give an illustrated lecture on "Sparta
in the Light of the Excavations" oni
Thursday, Jan. 19, at 4:15 p.m. in the
Rackham Amphitheatre under the
auspices of the Department of Greek.
The public is cordially invited.
Lecture, College of Architecture:
Mr. Alden B. Dow, Architect, of Mid-
land, Michigan, will speak on "Mod-
ern Architecture," accompanied by
colored moving pictures. Ground
Floor Lecture Room, Architecture
Building, Thursday, Jan. 19, 4:15.
The public is invited.
Events Today
The Observatory Journal Club will
meet at 4:15 this afternoon, in the
Observatory lecture room.
Dr. W. Carl Rufus will speak on
"The Tektites, Celestial or Terres-
trial." Dr. Rufus will exhibit some
specimens of tektites brought from
the Philippineq. This meeting should
be of especial interest to the depart-
ments of Geology and Mineralogy,
Any one interested is cordially invit-
ed. Tea will be served at 4:00.
Institute of the Aeronautical Sci-
ences: There will be a meeting of the
I.Ae.S. this evening at 7:30 p.m., in
Room 1042, East Engineering Bldg.
Mr. Robert W. Middlewood, '30E,
Chief Engineer of Stinson Aircraft,
will talk on the practical aspects of
aeronautical engineering, which talk
will be followed by open discussion.
Refreshments 'will be served.
Varsity Glee Club: Because of the
concert this evening, rehearsal has
been set ahead from 7:30 to 7:00.

Zeta Phi Eta: Lambda chapter will
hold its regular meeting tonight at
7:15 in the Portia room. Please bring
notes from last meeting, and be
prompt, as there will be pledging be-
fore the regular meeting. Actives are
requested to remain for a few min-
utes afterwards.
Vocation Guidance: Prof. David
Mattern will, discuss the "Vocational
Aspects of Music" today at 4:30. Smnall
ballroom, Michigan Union. Women
invited.
Life Saving, Women Students:
Women's class in life saving will not
meet tonight. The next regular meet-
ing will be held on Tuesday, Jan. 24.
Outdoor .Sports, Women Students:
There will be an organization meeting
for women's ski lub today at ,4:30
at the Women's Athletic Building. All
women interested in skiing are urged
to come.
Class in elementary Hebrew will
meet in afternoon at 4:15 p.m.
Coming Events
Economics Club: The next meet-
ing will be held Friday, Jan. 20, at
7.RT7mSi.tn n .-nnit 'h n f'..aa4f t~h

4

The Editor
Gets Told

Urges Pressure On Embargo
To the Editor:
The readiness with which congressional circles
received the President's proposal for $552,000,000
emergency rearmament fund is significant.,Last
week our ambassador to Great Britain, Joseph
P. Kennedy, and William C. Bullit; Ambassador'
to Franca, were in" Washington. They reported
to President Roosevelt that Europeans conditions
might bring about war by' spring. Apparently con-
gressional leaders are impressed by these condi-
tions.
If the fascist powers are to bring about a war
by spring, they must be assured beforehand of a
victory in Spain. Mussolini has declared that he
hopes for the successful completion of his inva-
sion.
It seems to me that if the United States is tor
rearm to protect itself against fascism, we can-
not ignore the value to us of the continued re-
sistence of the Spanish people., Our unneutral
embargo, contrary to international law and our
own ideals, is helping to throttle the fight of
Spain to maintain democratic government.
Yet the sentiment of Ametica is against this
tragic act. Avowedly so as indicated by the Gallup'
poll showing a 76 per cent majority in favor of
a Spanish victory.
That the President is aware of the importance;
of this war to. democracy and to America' and
that he is aware of the general feeling of Ameri-
cans he showed in his talk'to Congress on the'
state of the nation.,
We who share this realization with him should
immediately inform our representatives of the