THE MICHIGAN DAILY )ark Clouds Hide Palestine Issues As JewsA rabs Wage Death Struggle AS IT BECOMES evident that the long-smoldering Arab-Jewish con- in Palestine, which have again broken out 3most open warfare, will not be ended until bite settlement has been reached, the unin- d- observer finds it increasingly difficult lyze the essentials of the situation and form onal opinion as to what a just settlement be. ders, riots, assassinations of Jewish, Arab, Yen British officials, have become almost onplaces in the last six months as Britain s in vain to restore order to an economically >olitically demoralized Holy Land. Jewish ids and pleas have fallen on deaf Arab ears ;roposals have met with wholesale rejection wish leaders, and the numerous proposals British administration have received little encouragement from either faction. Thus, th sides refuse to agree to any plan which riot concede them a substantial majority ir demands, as England frantically seeks a te solution which will put a stop to blood- and as tension grows with the passing of Ominous hour, it becomes imperative to at- to ascertain the underlying, moving forces isible for the strife. Three Interests Involved he situation nbw stands, there seem to be bree najor interests involved, namely Arab, 4, and British.- Attempts have been made ;ribute the outbreaks to agitation among xabs by Communist and Fascist propa- . agencies, but it seems obvious that this is .e case. As will later be shown, the situation h as to bring inevitable conflict in and of with foreign influences, if any, not affect- e case in any of its major aspects. :AT BRITAIN'S corner in this triangular 'air " is probably the most uncomfortable n of the three, for she can not completely 0 either of the belligerent factions without ng solemn promises made by her in ac- .g mandatory power/ over the Holy Land the League of Nations in 1923. England at ime promised (1) to safeguard Arab rights lestine, (2) to provide a national home for ws, and (3) to, secure self-government for int community. All of these promises were y formal declarations of England's inten- a make good on her pre-war assurances to and Jews that they would' both receive ational rights if they supported the Allied and if that cause were victorious. It was iought at the time that these concessions, in the same declaration of policy, would to be so irreconciliably opposed as they r to be at the present time. bt they are now in conflict so unalterably each other is due to two factors: the ris'i tb nationalism and the wave of anti-Semit- Which has spread over Europe in recent It should be understood that pre-war y between Arabs and Jews in the Holy Land ra an almost purely religious basis, with the >us shrines and holy places common to religions the chief bones of contention. the development of the two aforementioned s, however, the controversy has been of a al, not a religious, and a national, not a nature. It must be made plain that Hebrews Moslems not only are not racially antagon- but are indeed both of the same race, the ic. Their present-day conflicts arise from IE MICHIGAN DAILY the fact that the new Arab dream of an inde- pendent Moslem power is diametrically opposed to the Hebrew desire for a Jewish National Home in Palestine, which would offer a refuge to the homeless and persecuted Jews of the world. It has not taken long to see just how serious these conflicts are. As early as 1929-30, the British were confronted with demands by both Jews and Arabs, the Jews demanding an increase in immi- gration and safeguarding of their rights, and the Arabs, who had a great numerical superiority, demanding a cessation of migration and the establishment of a democratic government with representation on a popular basis. Since that time conditions have been growing steadily worse, with security and order appearing only at rare intervals and organized civil warfare the order of the day. * ,' ,. Origins In Strike THE ORIGINS of the present crisis can be traced to the Arab general strike of 1936, called by Moslem leaders in an attempt to stop the flood of Jewish immigration brought on by violent anti-Semitism in many European states, notably Germany. The strike had immediate and direct results in the appointment of a Royal Commis- sion to investigate conditions in the Holy Land, the Commission subsequently making a report (July 7, 1937) which has been the source of most of the recent controversy. The recommendation of the Commission, as embodied in its report, was that Palestine be divided between Arabs and Jews, with each re- taining autonomy, and Britain keeping a corridor to the sea at Haifa for transportation of oil for her Mediterranean fleet from her wells at Kirkuk in Iraq. Shortly afterward, the British govern- ment accepted the Commission's recommenda- tions and appointed a Technical Commission to investigate the best partitioning methods. Probably in the hope of influencing the deci- sions of the Technical Commission, the Arab National Congress, meeting in the fall of 1937, de lared Palestine to be of Arab character, de- manded cessation of Jewish immigration, end also demanded immediate independence of a United Palestine. Herbert Solow, writing in The Nation of July 2, 1938, states that the Palestine Arab High Commission, operating from Syria, is preaching Jehad, or holy war, and that the disturbances of the last six months have been due to these agitations. At any rate the controversy has been one of the bloodiest in the history of British imperialism, and hopes of ending it at any time in the near future have been crushed by the recent Arab and Jewish threats and de- mands which bring the matter to a new dead- lock. Arabs Ask Independence The latest Moslem ultimatum, as set forth by the proposals committee of the Moslem Congress and published in the New York Times o( Oct. 11, declares partition of Palestine to be unacceptable and demands the nullification of the Balfour Declaration (guaranteeing a National Jewish Home), cessation of Jewish immigration, estab- lishment of a parliamentary government in Pal- estine, and abolishment of the British mandate, with Anglo-Palestine relations to be set up on a basis similar to Anglo-Iraq relations. Since the British mandatae over Iraq was terminated in 1932 and Iraq admitted to the League as an in- dependent nation, this last provision means for all practical purposes that the Moslems demand an independent Arab state with full national rights and freedom to deal with the Jews as they please. TODAY ' WASHINGTON - O A A HN TNby David Lawrence-/ WASHINGTON, Oct. 17-Germany has suc- ceeded in doing one thing for the democracies of the world and especially for the United States government and that is to emphasize the iipor- tance of national defense. A profound development, sensational in its im- plications, has occurred, the true significance of which will be unfolded to the whole world in the next few months as America embarks on a pro- gram of armament of breath-taking proportions. Accepting with reluctance and regretfully the thesis that force must be met with force,' the United States government is ready to build the biggest air corps in the world, the biggest navy in the world and to have a system of reserves which may make it possible to mobilihe one of the big- gest armies in the world. No amount of intimidation or calumny from the German press will stop the program. There's only one thing that will stop it. It's a program of action, not mere words, by Germany's rulers which will convince the whole world that reason can be relied upon to settle disputes and that the methods of war are not going to be necessary. Germany is looked upon by the American gov- ernment as an aggressor state. England and France are considered to have surrendered in the Czech crisis not because they wanted to but be- cause they were in a military sense, especially in aviation, unprepared to do otherwise. Believing that Germany will not stop with plans for expansion in Central Europe but will look toward the undeveloped resources of South America, the United States government under the leadership of President Roosevelt and Secretary Hull is preparing for all sorts of eventualities. The inside story is that the United States is not at all concerned over the purely territorial questions of Europe but with the rise o an arbi- trary force in the world which can only make war inevitable. It is not Germany alonehowever which has shocked the American government in- to action. It is the realization that Germany, Japan and Italy are working together against American interests and ideals and that Russia cannot be depended upon in a military way for help. The fact that this armamentuilding comes at a time when there is need to employ more people and relieve the domestic economic strain is only a coincidence. The more important consideration is whether America can any longer afford not to arm. Germany is already attempting to make trade arrangements with South American coun- tries which may lead to more unemployment in the United States if certain American trade is lost. So back of the new national policy here is a feeling that self preservation on all fronts, domestic and international, calls for an upbild- ing of the nation's defenses. The whole program cannot be viewed enthusi- astically at all by those of us who believe in moral force and who feel that a more intensive use of moral force can still be made to penetrate the thinking of the people of Germany. There is, not the slightest antagonism to the German people prevalent in America and it is yet the hope of lovers of peace that other ways can be found to bring Germany's rulers to a realization that their present policies can only lead to another world war. Germany may wonder what has happened to bring about the change since the Chamberlain- Hitler conferences. The answer is that the speech made by Herr Hitler at Saarbruecken was the last straw that broke the camel's back. It was taken here as a repudiation of the spirit of the' Munich settlement. t i The FLYING TRAPEZE By Roy Heath POLITICAL HOGWASHC According to The Trapeze's best pipelines, the word has been slipped the Men's Council, by the Front Of- fice. to abolish class offices and with them, all the windbagging and petty chicanery which accompanies class elections. This seems like the best idea to emanate from the higher ups in many a moon and can be viewed by one andt all as a healthy omen. There is only one catch in the scheme. It is this.t By what authority does the Men's Council take it upon itself to abolishj anyone or anything? As far as this corner can see, the Men's Council is every bit as superfluous as the figure- heads who clutter up the Ensian every year, purportedly the leaders of their class.f Apropos this same bone of conten- tion is the story which came out of a Council conclave a few years ago. Ac- cording to the report, Marshal Shul- man, former associate editor of TheE Daily and one of the keenest mindsK that ever brought down a stuffed shirtt on the wing, proposed that the Coun- cil abolish itself for a number of good reasons which he advanced atz the time. Assorted "hems" and "haws" greet- ed Shulman's iconoclastic proposals1 and after considerable beating aroundt the bush, during which time the as- sembled Big Minds had time to en- vision themselves, stripped of their nifty titles, the Council voted Shul- man's motion into the ash can on ther grounds that "the Council does not have the power to abolish itself." Toor bad. Just like' a man who would com 1 mit suicide if he had the strength to lift the gun.e Nevertheless, the Council deserves credit for trying at this time, and, with the Dean's office behind them, they may rid the University of one of its greatest pains in the neck. But; while they are at it, they ought to make a clean sweep of it and give themselves the ax with the same swingj that prunes the campus hierarchy of] class officers., THE GARGOYLE . . To increase the salaries of Max Hodge, John Mitchell et al, please, for Gawd's sakes, buy a Gargoyle when you see 'a man selling them on the street tomorrow. Honest, we've worked our freshman staff to the bone trying to get a good book out and if it isn't very funny . . . well, who do you want for a quarter, The Marx Broth- ers? Besides, we have pictures of some freshman women, allegedly beautiful, a shot of Robert Taylor, likewise, and a Petty drawing which you have prob- ably already seen but is still worth looking at. Gee, it's swell. Well, do you want one or don'tcha? (Paid ad- vertisement). THE WINNERS ONE STEIN OF BEER AT THE PRETZEL BELL. Professor Preuss of Political Science. "It is discouraging indeed to think of man, struggling from the primae- val slime, upwards for billions of years. Ever upward he climbs until today, the grand climax of it all . . . Adolf Hitler." TWO GLASSES OF BEER AT THE PRETZEL BELL, Martin Dworsky, the contributor. The Editor Gets Told.. Britain's Collapse To the Editor: The Munich agreement is beginning to take effect, and with it we are be- ginning to see the probable collapse of the twt mighty colonial empires, the British and French. To save their hides they permitted the seizure of Austria, and the disintegration of the Czechoslovak nation, but the boom- erang is already on the rebound, and now the fruits of this face-saving are fast ripening. It has been the hope of the British Tories to keep the Soviet Union from spreading its influence and ideology, and if the choice must be made they prefer the expansion and impowerment of Fascist Geranmy to that of the Soviet Union. That, it seems, is one of the more potent rea- sons for the recent capitulation of the pro-fascist British Tories. With the incorporation of Austria and the regions of Czechoslovakia into the German Reich, the Nazis have gained a firm grasp of the territory that most certainly will permit further ex- pansion toward the East; the policy of Drang nach Osten becoming a nact- uality. Hungary is already in the Nazi machine; Czechoslovakia that has survived must necessarily bow to the same, and all that remains is Yugo- slavia, Rumania, and Bulgaria. In the interval that economic and political pressure will be brought to bear on these countries, the Nazis will be con- centrating their forces elsewhere-to DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN Pulication in t"e B"llerin is constructive notice to all members of the UViversity. Copy received at the office of the Assistant to the President u"ti"*3:30; 11:00 a.m. on Saturday. Continued from Page 2)> Craig, Chief of the Division of Econ- omics, Department of Mines and Re- sources, Lands, Parks, and Forest ranch, Ottawa, Canada, will give an illustrated lecture on "The Use of Air Craft in Forestry" on Thursday,' Oct. 20, at 4:15 p.m., in Rackham1 Auditorium, under the auspices of the School of Forestry and Conservation. The public is cordially invited. 4 American Chemical Society Lec- ture. Professor Grinnell Jones of Har- vard University, will speak on "Solu- tions of Electrolytes with Special Re- ference to Viscosity and Surface Ten-' tion" at 4:15 P. M., Thursday, Octo- ber -20, in Room 303 Chemistry Build- ing. Events Today Sophomore Cabaret. InterviewingI for positions will take place from 3 to. 5 p.m. today in the Undergraduate Office of the Michigan League. Christian Science Organization: 8:15 p.m. League Chapel Students alumni and faculty are invited to at- tend the services. Petitioning for Chairmanships and membership, of committees for the Assembly Banquet will be held Mon- day, Tuesday, and Wednesday in the League Undergraduate Office. Every- one must bring their eligibility cards. Interviewing for the Chairmanship jobs will be held on Wednesday and Thursday form 3:30 to 5:30. Beginning Dance Class will not meet today because of the Varsity Show. The class will have its first meeting Tuesday, Oct. 25 in the League Ballroom from 7:30 to 8:30 p.m. The class includes a series of eight lessons for $3. Coming Events Forestry Assembly: There will be an assembly of the School of Forestry and Conservation at 11 a.m., Thurs- day, Oct. 20, in the Chemistry build- ing auditorium, at which Dr. Roland D. Craig, in charge of the division of economics, Dominion of Canada For- est Service, will speak on "Forestry in Canada." All students in the School of Forestry and Conservation are expected to attend, and all others interested are cordially invited to do so. Forestry Club: First meeting on and a few of the influential Nazi party officials, and which in the days to come will become more apparent. This alignment between Germany and the Soviet Union is still in the nebu- lous state, but by the cooperation of these two countries, Germany will be able to acquire the coal fields of Alsace-Lorraine and Polish Silesia without difficulty, since France will be crippled by such an alliance, and Potnd will be caught in the rise. In the past it has been the policy of Great Britain to create a balanced Europe, that is, a Europe which Lon- don dominates by shifting its force and weight whenever and wherever there is a disequilibrium. That, to be sure, has operated favorably in the past; now, however, the situation has reached the stage which even Great Britain cannot control. In fact, after intensive rearmament, and after tre- mendous expenditures of funds, not only are the British unable to wage an offensive war, but even a defen- sive conflict with the highly concen- trated industrial centers as excellent targets for bombing planes, His Majesty's government is'miserably ill- equipped, and largely unprepared. View, for a moment, Chamberlain's conduct upon his return from Munich. The great peace-maker with one hand held the dove of peace and in the oth- er greatly accelerated the British war machine, which despite its previous intensification must have been far removed from its established goal. As for the postion of France with the Popular Front gone and its resurrec- tion bitterly fought, the game of fol- low the master must continue witl4 Great Britain under her pro-fascist government leading the way to self- destruction. Although the Ukraine is still highly valued by the Nazis, there is little doubt that the incorporation of the Danubian countries into the economic life of the Reich would appease the Nazi appetite to a large degree. In that case a rapprochement between' Germany and the Soviet Union would facilitate matters. France now reduced to a second rate power will be forced to surrender several, if not all, of her colonial holdings, and the position of Great Britain would not be much bet- ter. In Europe, morover, the oppor- tunity granted to Germany by the British Tories will rebound to the growth and success of the Fascist philosophy and doctrines, which at the same time will all but eliminate the French and British influence and prestige on continental Europe. The Soviet Union, now bitterly opposed to both Great Britain and France, will enclose herself within her mighty shell, free, in the meantime, to con- centrate on her internal problems. The war between Germany and the Soviet Union to their mutual destruc- tion, which has been the hope and Wednesday, Oct. 19, at 7:30 p.m., 2054 N. S. Prof. D. M. Matthews will speak on "Tropical Exepriences and Tropical vs. Domestic Employment." All foresters and pre-foresters are cor- dially invited to attend. Perspectives. There will be a meet- ing of the Book Review Comnmittee Monday at 4 p. m. Research Club. Will meet Wednes- day, Oct. 19, at 8 p.m., in the Amphi- theatre of the Rackham Building. Dr. Robert Gesell will speak on "The Story of Respiration." Election of officers. The Council will meet at 7:15 p.m. in the West Conference Room. German Journal Club will meet Thursday, Oct. 20 in Room 302 Michi- an Union at 4:10 p.m. Professor Nor- man L. Willey will read a paper on, "Sealsfield, the Louisiana Planter." "Psychological Journal Club. There will be a meeting in the West Con- ference Room of the Rackham Grad- uate School on Thursday, October 20th, at 8:00 p. m. Professors W. B. Pillsbury, Heinz Werner, and N. R. F. Maier will discuss the Criteria of Ab- straction. Graduate students, majors in psychology, and other interested persons are invited to take part in the discussion and to meet members of the staff both before and after the program. Seminar in Physical Chemistry will meet in Room 122 Chemistry Build- ing at 4:15 p.m. on Wednesday, Oc- tober 19. Dr. R. H. Gillette will speak on "Some applications of statistical mechanics to chemistry". All inter- ested are invited. l The Inter-Guild Morning will be held at the League 7:30 a.m. Wednesday. Watch Chapel, * * _.' j q d and managed by students of the University of an under the authority of the Board in Control of It Publications. ished every morning except Monday during the sity year and Summer Session. Member of the Associated Press Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the republication of all news dispatches credited to not otherwise credited in this newspaper. All of republication of all other matters herein also ,d. red at the Post Office at Ann Arbor, MichiganT. as class mail matter. criptions- during regular school year by carrier, by mail, $4.50. REPRESZNTE 4FOR NATIONAL ADVERTISING BY National Advertising Service, Inc. College Publishers Representative 420 MADISON AVE. NEW YORK, N. Y. CHICAGO . BOSTO - LOS ANGELES SAM FRANCISCO ber, Associated Collegiate Press, 1938-39 1WO OTHER press releases, published by the New York Times on the same date as the pro- posals of the Moslem Congress, show to an even greater degree the uncompromising attitudes of both factions. The first item tells of a telegram sent to Dr. Chaim Weizmann, president of the Zionist Federation, by Nabih el Azme, president of the Arab Defense Committee of Palestine, in which the latter warns, "Your attitude will lead you and Jews of the East to the worst of calami- ties that have been written in history up to the present . . . if Britain resorts to war to defend you in Palestine, Britain can not defend you in Arab nations and in all of the East." The tele- gram continues, "Arabs, even if they must be entirely annihilated and cost them what it may, will never permit you to establish yourselves nor become a majority in Palestine." Both Sides Desperate Similarly desperate was the attitude of officials of the Jewish agency in Palestine, also published in the Times of Oct. 11. They were reported by the Times as stating that world Jewry would never accept the reported plan to restrict their activties in Palestine, and that, although they would never resort to armed force against the British, they might adopt nonviolent measures such as civil disobedience, passive resistance and possible boycott of the British government. Thus, with both factions having-so forcefully demonstrated their fierce determination to pro- tect their rights and fight to the bitter end, it becomes apparent that Great Britain has one of the most momentous decisions in her history staring her full in the face. It can not be denied that both sides have good reasons for refusing to accept compromise measures. Both have been promised definite concessions from the British, both have come to regard the Holy' Land as their own, and both are firmly convinced, prob- ably justifiably, that victory for their opponents could mean nothing but complete disaster for themselves. No matter which side is favored in Britain's ultimate decision, the rights\and wrongs of the situation will probably remain a mystery for a good, many years to come, and American on- lookers can only attempt to grasp the essentials of the controversy and hope for a solution injuri- ous to the least number of people. By Harvey Swados The Story Of Gosta Berling The Art Cinema League opened Series III of the Museum of Modern Film Art with the showing of the Swedish film, The Story Of Gosta Berling, Sunday at the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. The film, made in 1923, was directed by Mauritz Stiller and starred Lars Hanson and Greta Garbo. It was taken from the epic novel, The Saga Of Gosta Berling, by Selma Lagerlof. Naturally, Gosta Berling suffers in the adap- tation, as do all films made from long novels (Anthony Adverse, David Copperfield, etc.). Still, it is a remarkably honest and remarkably modern film. The Swedish directors (of whom Stiller was the best) were attracted to the methods used in the old Hollywood cowboy films, but at the same time their themes were heavy and moralis- tic, hardly suitable for. cinematic adaptation. This combination of the heavy, "plotty" movie with the rapid action of Hollywood is at its best in Gosta Berling. Stiller's direction is superb -he traces the long and involved career of Ber- ling, the defrocked priest, without being boring for a moment. Gosta Berling was reedited in 1934 and (Bad) music has been added. As we see it now, the camera work is splendid, clear, swift, no tjrck shots and occasionally inspired; and there is plenty of opportunity to see what Greta Garbo really looked like without being photographed through cheesecloth. In short, The Story Of Gosta Berling is- a 1938 picture in every respect except one, the acting. The actors, with the exception of Garbo (who is swell as the young married woman who falls in love with Berling), are all a little too East Lynn- ish. They fling their arms to the sky, they fall to their knees, and so on. But the picture is THEATRE Association Fireside: Professor Al- bert Hyana will speak on "Puritan- ism and Capitalism" at Lane Hall, Wednesday evening at eight o'clock. International Center: Tuesday, Oct. 18. Four o'clock. Meeting of Committee of Faculty Advisers., Seven-thirty. Meeting of Inter- national Council. Wednesday, Oct. 19. Eight o'clock. Reception by President and Mrs. Ruthven to all foreign students of the University. Thursday, Oct. 20. Four o'clock. Tea honoring t h e Presbyterian Young Peoples Guild. Friday and Saturday, Oct. 21 and 22. Week-end outing to the Univer- sity Fresh Air Camp at Patterson Lake Special notice on the bulletin ~board at the Center. 'Those desiring to go must sign up before Thursday noon. (Because of this outing, the usual Recreation Night will be omitted, al- though the Center will be open as us- ual). Saturday, Oct. 22. Seven-thirty. Meeting of the Chinese sorority, Sig- ma Sigma Phi. Sunday, Oct. 23. Six o'clock. The Sunday evening group will be the supper guests of the Hillel Founda- tion, the Jewish Young Peoples Guild. Everyone is asked to be at the Center as promptly at six as possible, so that we can all go over to Hillel together. Intermediate Dance Class will hold its first meeting Wednesday, Oct. 19 at 7:30 in the League Ballroom. A series of eight lessons will be ,given for $3. Both men and women are cordially invited to thse classes in which new and varied dance steps will be taught. Iota Alpha will hold its first meet- ing of the 1938-39 season on Thurs- day night, Oct. 20, at 7:30 p.m. in the Assembly Room of the Rackham Building. All graduate students in engineering are cordially' invited to attend. The speaker for the evening will be Mr. W. L. Badger of the Dow Chemical Company. It is hoped that any members who cannot attend will send their present Ann Arbor address to the President, Mr. Alan S. Foust, 2028 East En- gineering Building. All Mechanical Engineers are in- vited to join the student branch of thte American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The next meeting is Oct. 19 at 7:30 o'clock in the Michigan Union. Dr. B. Curtis of the physics department wlil give an illustrated lecture on "The Cyclotron." Graduate Outing Club will have an over-night outing at Camp Tacoma on Clear Lake on Oct. 22-23. The group will leave the northwest en- trance of the Rackham Building at 2:30 p.m. Saturday and will re- turn Sunday afternoon after dinner. Each person is requested to bring his own blankets. The approximate charge will be $1.25 per person. Res- ervations should be made by Wednes- day night if possible. Call 4598. Girls' Outdoor Club is holding a wienie roast on Palmer Field on Wed- Board of Editors ng Editor a1 Director litor te Editor te Editor te Editor to Editor tc Editor to Editor ditor. 's Editor Editor Robert D. Mitchell. Albert P. May1o Horace W. Gilmore Robert I. Fitzhenry S. R. Kliman Robert Perman . Earl Gilman William Elvin Joseph Freedman . tJoseph Gies Dorothea Staebler Bud Benjamin Business Department usiness Manager . . Philip W. Buchen 'redit Manager . . . Leonard P. Siegelman vertising Manager anWilliam L. Newnan Vomen's Business Manager .rHelenJean Dean Vomen's Service Manager . Marian A. Baxter